xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 721351876cd4d3a8a700f62d2061331fa951a488)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4<imp@village.org>.  See end of file for further details.  For commonly
5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
6
7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running
9portupgrade.
10
11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW:
12	FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in
13	both the kernel and userland.  These features attempt to detect
14	incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure
15	through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics.  They
16	also substantially impact system performance.  If you want to
17	do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization,
18	you'll want to turn them off.  This includes various WITNESS-
19	related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags
20	in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel.  Many
21	developers choose to disable these features on build machines
22	to maximize performance.  (To disable malloc debugging, run
23	ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
24
2520080609:
26	The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
27	disks instead.
28
2920080603:
30	The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
31	to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
32	please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
33	if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
34
3520080525:
36	ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
37	update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
38
3920080509:
40	I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
41	see the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
42	This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
43	but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
44	with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
45
4620080420:
47	The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
48	operation on devices that are capable.  The underlying device
49	is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
50	cloned with ifconfig.  This requires changes to rc.conf files.
51	For example, change:
52		ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
53	to
54		wlans_ath0=wlan0
55		ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
56	see rc.conf(5) for more details.  In addition, mergemaster of
57	/etc/rc.d is highly recommended.  Simultaneous update of userland
58	and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
59
60	As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
61	modules were merged into the base wlan module.  All references
62	to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
63
6420080408:
65	psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
66	Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
67	be read back from it.  Therefore, an application is responsible
68	for status validation and error recovery.  It is a no-op in
69	other operation levels.
70
7120080312:
72	Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel.  To
73	run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
74	be used.  The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
75	compatibility with any prior release:
76
77	libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
78	libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
79	libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
80
8120080301:
82	The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
83	and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
84	kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
85	it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
86	The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
87	nonetheless.
88
8920080229:
90	The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
91	82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
92	split was done to make new features that are incompatible
93	with older hardware easier to do.
94
9520080220:
96	The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
97	likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
98
9920080211:
100	The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
101	increased reliability.  If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
102	mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
103	firewall rules.
104
10520080208:
106	Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
107	mbuf chains.
108
10920080126:
110	The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
111	integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
112	with huge file trees.  The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
113	through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
114	using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
115	advantage of the extended types.  At the same time, some
116	third-party software might fail to build after this change
117	due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
118	fts(3) structure members.  Such software should be fixed
119	by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
120	FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
121	case that a portable fix is impossible.
122
12320080123:
124	To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
125	FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE.  Upgrading to -current
126	from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
127
12820071128:
129	The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
130	functionality is the default now.
131
13220071118:
133	The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
134	by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
135	keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
136	to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
137	by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
138
139	Option	"XkbLayout" "us"
140	Option	"XkbRules" "xorg"
141	Option	"XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
142
14320071024:
144	It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
145	backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
146	PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
147	broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
148	20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
149	PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
150	provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
151	IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
152	again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
153	nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
154	however.
155
15620071020:
157	The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
158	to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
159	used kproc_start()..
160	I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
161	with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
162	Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
163
16420071010:
165	RELENG_7 branched.
166
16720071009:
168	Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
169	WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
170
17120070930:
172	The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
173	the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
174	following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
175	also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
176	be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
177
17820070928:
179        The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
180        configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
181        nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
182        instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
183        rc.conf.
184
18520070921:
186	The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
187	instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
188	This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
189
19020070704:
191        The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option.  The
192	IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
193	configuration.  The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
194
19520070702:
196	The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
197	note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default.  Also
198	note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
199	has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin.  Changes in the ALTQ
200	handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
201
20220070701:
203	Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
204	only IPsec supported by FreeBSD.  The new IPsec stack
205	supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
206	after the code changes have settled in.  For now the kernel
207	option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
208	will change after some settling time.
209
21020070701:
211	The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
212	cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
213	information.
214
21520070612:
216	The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
217	instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
218	accordingly.
219
22020070612:
221	By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
222	database if it is missing or older than the aliases file.  If
223	desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
224	to "YES" to restore that functionality.
225
22620070612:
227	The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
228	moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
229	RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
230	the IPv4 network stack.
231
232	Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
233	UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
234	has now been removed.
235
236	The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
237	of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
238	been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
239	updated to reflect this.
240
241	These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
242	from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
243	interfaces.
244
24520070610:
246	The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
247	drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled.  Further these
248	changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
249	support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
250	wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats.  Users must also, for
251	the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
252	if they use modules for wireless support.  These modules implement
253	scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively.  Failure
254	to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
255	up will result in a message to the console and the device not
256	operating properly.
257
25820070610:
259	The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
260	function and starts providing an account management function.
261	Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
262	mergemaster(8).  Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
263	need manual editing as follows.  Locate this line (or similar):
264
265		auth	required	pam_nologin.so	no_warn
266
267	and change it according to this example:
268
269		account	required	pam_nologin.so	no_warn
270
271	That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
272	"account".  The new line can be moved to the account section
273	within the file for clarity.  Not updating pam.conf(5) files
274	will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
275
27620070529:
277	The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
278	and ifnet.if_ioctl.  Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
279	has changed on 64-bit architectures.  All kernel modules using
280	ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
281
28220070516:
283	Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
284	config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
285	functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
286	src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
287	kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
288	build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
289	symbol.
290
29120070513:
292	Symbol versioning is enabled by default.  To disable it, use
293	option WITHOUT_SYMVER.  It is not advisable to attempt to
294	disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
295	will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
296	before the install tools.  As a result, the old install tools,
297	which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
298	because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
299
300	The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
301	changed to libthr.  If you wish to have libkse as your default,
302	use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
303
30420070423:
305	The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
306	so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
307	milters).  If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
308	note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
309
31020070417:
311	The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
312	reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
313
31420070408:
315	sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1.  Mail filters
316	(aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
317	base operating system should be recompiled.
318
31920070302:
320	Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
321	In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
322	share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
323	loader.conf(5) or kenv(1).  Make sure to deinstall the now
324	deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
325
32620070228:
327	The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
328	were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
329	IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
330	deprecated in previous releases.
331	The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
332	replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
333
33420070224:
335	To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
336	has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
337	to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
338	sync. For more info:
339	http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
340
34120070224:
342	The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
343	kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
344	module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
345	set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
346
34720070214:
348	The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
349	print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
350	address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
351	exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
352	With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
353	the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
354	This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
355	multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
356	of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
357
35820070210:
359	PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
360	routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
361	PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
362	It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
363	ip_mroute.ko module.
364
36520070207:
366	Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
367	has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
368	configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
369	mrouted.conf.
370	XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
371	integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
372	change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
373
37420061221:
375	Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
376	re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
377	believed to support it properly.  If there are any problems,
378	MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
379	'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
380	in the loader.
381
38220061214:
383	Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
384	disabled again in the bge driver.  Many revisions of the
385	hardware fail to support it properly.  Support can be
386	re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
387	"src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
388
38920061214:
390	Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
391	to the bge driver.  If there are any problems, MSI can be
392	disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
393	'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
394
39520061205:
396	The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
397	system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
398	have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
399	reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
400	linux module.
401
40220061126:
403	Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
404	improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
405	with exceptions of followings:
406	1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
407	   moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
408		hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
409	2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
410	   own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
411	   is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
412	   are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
413	   This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
414
41520061122:
416	The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
417	mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
418	and mount_std.  The functionality of these programs has been
419	moved into the mount program.  For example, to mount a devfs
420	filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
421	This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
422	/etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
423
42420061113:
425	Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
426	has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
427	updated to use MSI when it is available.  If there are any problems,
428	MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
429	and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
430
43120061110:
432	The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
433	The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
434	a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
435	kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
436	has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
437
43820061026:
439	KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
440	default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
441	off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
442	There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
443	modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
444	added to 'struct proc'.
445
44620060929:
447	mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
448
44920060927:
450	Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed.  Full backward ABI
451	compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
452	present in the kernel configuration file.  Make sure to add
453	this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
454	and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
455
45620060924:
457	tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
458
45920060913:
460	The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
461	the rewrite of TCP syncookies.  Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
462	systat needs to be rebuilt.
463
46420060903:
465	libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
466
46720060816:
468	The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
469	for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
470	committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
471
47220060725:
473	enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
474	Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
475	Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
476	generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
477	If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
478
47920060709:
480 	The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
481 	after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
482 	the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
483 	be rebuilt, and vice versa.
484
48520060627:
486	The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
487	the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
488	accordingly.
489
49020060514:
491	The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
492	PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
493	as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
494	driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
495	of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
496
49720060511:
498	The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
499	modified a bit.  The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
500	sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
501	to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
502	with a new kernel.  Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
503	`make installworld' with:
504
505	    /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
506
507	and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
508	steps.  Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
509	timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
510	you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
511
51220060412:
513	The ip6fw utility has been removed.  The behavior provided by
514	ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
515	have been updated to deal with it.  There are some rules that
516	might not migrate cleanly.  Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
517	rewrite rules.
518
51920060428:
520	The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
521	attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
522	on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
523	and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
524	been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
525	implements the interface to support it.
526
52720060330:
528	The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
529	Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
530	Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
531	configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
532	functional.
533
53420060317:
535	Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
536	New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
537	after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
538	(the src.conf(5) manpage is provided).  Full backwards
539	compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
540	highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
541	system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
542	while also properly renaming them.  More conversions will
543	likely follow.  Posting to current@:
544
545	http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
546
54720060305:
548	The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
549	functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
550
55120060303:
552	The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
553	tdfx_linux device.  The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
554	kernel module.  Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
555	for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
556	its dependencies.
557
55820060204:
559	The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
560	in the base system.  Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
561	including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
562
56320060201:
564	The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
565	Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
566
56720060118:
568	This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
569	now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
570	This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
571	will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
572	on your next install.
573	If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
574	-DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
575	to your /etc/make.conf.
576
57720060113:
578	libc's malloc implementation has been replaced.  This change has the
579	potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
580	See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
581
58220060112:
583	The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
584	kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
585	and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
586
58720060106:
588	si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
589	Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
590
59120060106:
592	The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
593	of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
594	as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
595	Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
596
59720051231:
598	The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
599	from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
600	any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
601
60220051211:
603	The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
604	have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
605	"wlan" prefix.  Scripts that use them should be adjusted
606	accordingly.
607
60820051202:
609	Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
610	/etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
611	now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
612	errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
613	cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
614	single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
615	Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
616	freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
617
61820051129:
619	The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
620	was a no-op), and is now unsupported.  If you have nodev or dev listed
621	in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
622
62320051129:
624	ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
625	to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
626
62720051108:
628	rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
629	Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
630
63120051029:
632	/etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
633	Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
634	the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
635
63620051014:
637	Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
638	configuration file.  A few modules still have fixed options
639	due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
640	corrected eventually.  You may need to review the options of
641	the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
642	in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
643	modules afterwards.
644
64520051001:
646	kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
647	to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
648
64920050927:
650	The old bridge(4) implementation was retired.  The new
651	if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
652
65320050722:
654	The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
655	to conform to POSIX-2001.  This change broke an ABI
656	compatibility on 64 bit architecture.  You have to recompile
657	userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
658	architecture.
659
66020050711:
661	RELENG_6 branched here.
662
66320050629:
664	The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
665	variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced.  Unlike
666	pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
667	do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
668	removable_interfaces.
669
67020050616:
671	Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
672	non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
673	to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib.  A change has been
674	made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
675	ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
676	affect existing configurations.
677
67820050610:
679	Major changes to network interface API.  All drivers must be
680	recompiled.  Drivers not in the base system will need to be
681	updated to the new APIs.
682
68320050609:
684	Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h.  Please recompile
685	userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
686	will not behave correctly.
687
688	The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
689	of sampling support.  Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
690	usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
691
69220050606:
693	The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
694	and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
695	accordingly.  If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
696	must now run devd.  Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
697	to find a workaround if you use this feature.
698
699	The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient.  Be
700	sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
701	anyway).
702
70320050605:
704	if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
705	Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
706
70720050603:
708	The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
709	1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
710	conform to POSIX-2001.  These changes broke an ABI
711	compatibility on 64 bit architecture.  With these changes,
712	shlib major of libpcap was bumped.  You have to recompile
713	userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
714	getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
715
71620050528:
717	Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
718	scripts has changed.  Lines with multiple options likely will
719	fail after this date.  For full details, please see
720		http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
721
72220050503:
723	The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
724	Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
725	authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
726
72720050415:
728	The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
729	amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
730	APIC timer code.  Any kernel config files containing this option
731	should be updated.
732
73320050227:
734	The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
735	independent.  Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
736	when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
737	recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
738
73920050225:
740	The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
741	contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
742	statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
743	wallclock time may go backwards.  This should have no impact
744	unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
745	none at this point.)
746
74720050224:
748	The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
749	acpi(4) main module.  They are no longer built separately.
750
75120050223:
752	The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
753	recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
754	with the new kernel.
755
75620050223:
757	The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4).  This makes
758	"options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete.  Please load cpufreq.ko or
759	compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
760
76120050220:
762	The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
763	a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
764	background fsck.  A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
765	if you have updated the kernel.
766
767	To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
768	time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
769	mounting the new volume.
770
77120050206:
772	The cpufreq import is complete.  As part of this, the sysctls for
773	acpi(4) throttling have been removed.  The power_profile script
774	has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
775	rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
776
77720050206:
778	NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
779	requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
780
78120050114:
782	Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
783	now deprecated.  Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
784	correct full form when a match occurs.  Some abbreviations may
785	be supported at a later date based on user feedback.  To be
786	considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
787	this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
788
78920041221:
790	By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
791	to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list).  The old
792	spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
793	warnings on stderr.  Make sure you upgrade properly (see
794	the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
795
79620041219:
797	Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
798	been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
799	the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
800	prior to use.  Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
801	with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
802	use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
803	and wlan_xauth as required.
804
80520041213:
806	The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly.  If lqr is enabled
807	(``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
808	negotiation failure.  Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
809	behaviour.  The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
810	reflect the change.
811
81220041201:
813	The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
814	into separate modules.  For static WEP you must configure the
815	wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
816	in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
817	the module when a wep key is configured).
818
81920041201:
820	The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
821	algorithm into a separate module.  You need to include either
822	ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
823
82420041116:
825	Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed.  Please
826	use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
827
82820041110:
829	We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
830	R/W if the device were named 'md*'.  As part of the vnode
831	work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack.  People
832	building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
833	may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
834	their /etc/rc scripts.
835
83620041104:
837	FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
838
83920041102:
840	The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
841	of RFC1644 T/TCP.  You have to recompile userland programs that
842	read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
843
84420041022:
845	The size of struct tcpcb has changed.  You have to recompile
846	userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
847	(netstat, sockstat, etc.)
848
84920041016:
850	RELENG_5 branched here.  For older entries, please see updating
851	in the RELENG_5 branch.
852
853COMMON ITEMS:
854
855	General Notes
856	-------------
857	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  From time to time in the
858	past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
859	installworld.  This is especially true when upgrading between
860	"distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
861	or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
862	on the -current branch).
863
864	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
865	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
866	environment when searching for values for global variables.
867	To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
868	prefix all make commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual
869	page for more details.
870
871	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
872	best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
873	first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
874	upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
875	Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
876	version upgrade.
877
878	To build a kernel
879	-----------------
880	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
881	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
882	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
883
884	make kernel-toolchain
885	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
886	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
887
888	To test a kernel once
889	---------------------
890	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
891	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
892	debugging information) run
893	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
894	nextboot -k testkernel
895
896	To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
897	--------------------------------------------------------------
898	This assumes you are already running a 5.X system.  Replace
899	${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
900	"alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
901
902	cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
903	config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
904	cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
905	make depend
906	make
907	make install
908
909	If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
910
911	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
912	-----------------------------------------------------------
913	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
914	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
915
916	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
917	make buildworld
918	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
919							[1]
920	<reboot in single user>				[3]
921	mergemaster -p					[5]
922	make installworld
923	make delete-old
924	mergemaster					[4]
925	<reboot>
926
927
928	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
929	--------------------------------------------------
930	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
931	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
932	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
933	# size.
934
935	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
936	<boot into -stable>
937	make buildworld
938	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
939	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
940	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
941	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
942	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
943	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
944	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
945	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
946	<reboot into current>
947	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
948	<maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat>
949 	<reboot>
950
951
952	To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
953	----------------------------------------------
954	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
955	make buildworld					[9]
956	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
957							[1]
958	<reboot in single user>				[3]
959	mergemaster -p					[5]
960	make installworld
961	make delete-old
962	mergemaster -i					[4]
963	<reboot>
964
965	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
966	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
967	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
968	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
969	the UPDATING entries.
970
971	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
972	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
973	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
974	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
975	much fewer pitfalls.
976
977	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
978	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
979	system on reboot.
980
981	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
982		fsck -p
983		mount -u /
984		mount -a
985		cd src
986		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
987	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
988	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
989
990	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
991	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
992	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
993	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
994	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
995	for potential gotchas.
996
997	[5] Usually this step is a noop.  However, from time to time
998	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
999	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1000	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1001	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1002	from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1003
1004	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1005	needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1006	option in your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1007	that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1008	is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1009
1010	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1011	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1012
1013	[9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1014	cvs prune empty directories.
1015
1016	If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1017	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1018	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1019
1020	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1021	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1022	warn if it is improperly defined.
1023FORMAT:
1024
1025This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1026breakages in tracking -current.  Not all things will be listed here,
1027and it only starts on October 16, 2004.  Updating files can found in
1028previous releases if your system is older than this.
1029
1030Copyright information:
1031
1032Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
1033
1034Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1035modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1036document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1037
1038THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1039IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1040WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1041DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1042INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1043(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1044SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1045HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1046STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1047IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1048POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1049
1050If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1051author a beer.
1052
1053Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1054this document.
1055
1056$FreeBSD$
1057