xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 6829dae12bb055451fa467da4589c43bd03b1e64)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
3420190219:
35	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
36	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
37	migrating to the drm ports.
38
3920190131:
40	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
41	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
42	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
43	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
44	is loaded automatically.
45
4620190125:
47	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
48	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
49	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
50	kernel config files.
51
5220181230:
53	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
54	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
55	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
56	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
57
5820181220:
59	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
60	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
61	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
62	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
63	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
64	most NFSv4 mounts.
65
6620181219:
67	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
68	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
69	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
70
71	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
72	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
73
74	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
75	removed from the mips port.
76
7720181211:
78	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
79	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
80	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
81	or higher.
82
8320181211:
84	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
85	the time with these deamons has been obsolete for over a decade.
86
8720181126:
88	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
89	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
90	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
91	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
92
9320181123:
94	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
95	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
96	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
97
9820181115:
99	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
100	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
101	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
102	FreeBSD versions.
103
10420181110:
105	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
106	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
107	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
108
109	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
110	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
111	being included using the command:
112		$ newsyslog -Nrv
113
11420181015:
115	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
116	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
117	drm-legacy-kmod.
118
119	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
120	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
121	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
122	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
123	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
124	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
125	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
126	that as you will get better support.
127
128	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
129	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
130	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
131	and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
132
133	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
134	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
135	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
136	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
137	shortly.
138
13920181012:
140	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
141	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
142	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
143	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
144	be adjusted as necessary.
145
14620181009:
147	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
148	additional various API changes througout the base system.  It is
149	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
150	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
151
15220181006:
153	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
154	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
155	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
156	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
157	encouraged.
158
15920181002:
160	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
161	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
162	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
163	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
164	nda device name.
165
16620180913:
167	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
168	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
169	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
170	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
171	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
172	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
173
17420180826:
175	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
176	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
177	default since FreeBSD-11.
178
17920180822:
180	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
181	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
182	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
183
18420180818:
185	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
186	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
187	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
188	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
189	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
190	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
191	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
192
193	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
194	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
195
19620180815:
197	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
198	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
199	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
200	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
201	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
202	may not be observed in a future release.
203
20420180808:
205	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
206	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
207	your environment.
208
20920180731:
210	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
211	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
212	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
213	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
214
21520180730:
216	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
217	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
218	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
219	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
220	runtime services.
221
22220180727:
223	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
224	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
225	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
226
22720180723:
228	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
229	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
230	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
231	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
232	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
233
23420180720:
235	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
236	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
237	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
238	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
239	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
240	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
241
24220180719:
243	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
244	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
245	setup a framebuffer for us to use, just add :
246	boot_serial=YES
247	boot_multicons=YES
248	in /boot/loader.conf
249	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
250	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
251	u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
252
25320180719:
254	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
255	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
256	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
257	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
258	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
259	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
260	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
261	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
262	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
263	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
264	by the ntpd user.
265
26620180717:
267	Big endian arm support has been removed.
268
26920180711:
270	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
271	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
272	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
273	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
274	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
275
27620180705:
277	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
278	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
279	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
280	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
281	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
282	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
283
28420180702:
285	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
286	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
287
28820180701:
289	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
290	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
291	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
292	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
293	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
294	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
295	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
296
29720180630:
298	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
299	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
300	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
301	or higher.
302
30320180628:
304	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
305	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
306	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
307
30820180612:
309	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
310	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
311
31220180530:
313	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
314	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
315	longer necessary.
316
31720180530:
318	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
319	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
320	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
321	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
322
32320180523:
324	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
325	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
326	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
327	later than r334108.
328
32920180517:
330	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
331	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
332	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
333	it must be removed.
334
33520180510:
336	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
337	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
338	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
339	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
340	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
341	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
342	will go away.
343
344	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
345	workaround is necessary.
346
34720180508:
348	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
349	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was aquired by Exar and
350	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
351	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
352
35320180504:
354	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
355	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
356	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
357	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
358	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
359
36020180502:
361	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
362	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
363	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
364	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
365
36620180501:
367	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
368	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
369	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
370	be removed.
371
37220180413:
373	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
374	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
375	removed.
376
37720180411:
378	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
379	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
380	removed.
381
38220180406:
383	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
384	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
385	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
386	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
387	microseconds and time zone offsets.
388
389	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
390	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
391	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
392	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
393	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
394	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
395	adjustments, depending on the software used.
396
397	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
398	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
399
400		source src {
401			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
402		}
403
404	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
405	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
406	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
407
408		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
409
410	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
411	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
412	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
413	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
414	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
415	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
416	thus expected to continue to function as before.
417
418	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
419	change.
420
42120180328:
422	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
423	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
424	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
425
42620180323:
427	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
428	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
429	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
430	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
431	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
432	should be as simple as:
433
434		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
435		$ make depend all install
436
43720180212:
438	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
439	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
440	Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
441	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
442	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
443	provisions for backup boot methods.
444
44520180211:
446	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
447	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
448	be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
449
45020180114:
451	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
452	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
453	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
454	or higher.
455
45620180110:
457	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
458	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
459	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
460
461	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
462        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
463
46420180110:
465	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
466	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
467	needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
468	from kernel config files.
469
47020180104:
471	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
472	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
473	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
474
475	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
476	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
477
47820180102:
479	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
480	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
481	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
482	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
483
48420171215:
485	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
486	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
487
48820171214:
489	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
490	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
491	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
492	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
493
49420171125:
495	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
496	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
497	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
498	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
499	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
500	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
501
50220171110:
503	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
504	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
505	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
506
50720171106:
508	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
509	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
510	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
511	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
512	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
513
51420171102:
515	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
516	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
517	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
518	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
519	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
520	environment.
521
52220171101:
523	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
524	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
525	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
526	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
527	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
528	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
529	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
530	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
531	than hardcoding paths.
532
53320171028:
534	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
535	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
536	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
537
53820171021:
539	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
540	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
541	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
542	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
543
54420171010:
545	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
546	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
547
54820171005:
549	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
550	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
551	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
552	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
553
55420171003:
555	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
556	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
557	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
558	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
559	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
560
56120170912:
562	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
563	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
564	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
565	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
566	/etc/ctl.conf .
567
56820170912:
569	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
570	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
571	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
572	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
573	soft-float everything else should be affected.
574
57520170826:
576	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
577	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
578
57920170825:
580	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
581	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
582	to complete.
583
58420170814:
585	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
586	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
587	${TESTSDIR}.
588
589	Behavioral changes:
590	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
591	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
592	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
593	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
594
595	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
596	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
597	sandbox if successful.
598
599	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
600	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
601	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
602	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
603	an unprivileged user.
604
60520170808:
606	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
607	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
608	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
609	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
610	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
611	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
612	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
613	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
614	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
615	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
616	to which you should answer yes.
617
61820170728:
619	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
620	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
621	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
622	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
623	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
624
62520170722:
626	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
627	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
628	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
629
63020170701:
631	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
632	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
633
63420170625:
635	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
636	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
637	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
638	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
639	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
640	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
641	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
642
64320170623:
644	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
645	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
646	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
647	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
648	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
649	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
650
65120170620:
652	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
653	if you require the GPL compiler.
654
65520170618:
656	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
657	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
658	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
659
66020170617:
661	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
662	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
663	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
664	followed.
665
66620170531:
667	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
668	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
669	from ports (and recommends to install it).
670	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
671	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
672	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
673
67420170524:
675	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
676	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
677	which only require one chipset support.
678
679	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
680
681	if_ath_load="YES"
682
683	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
684	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
685	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
686
687	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
688	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
689
690	* load ath_hal
691	* load the chip modules in question
692	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
693	* load ath_main
694	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
695	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
696
697	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
698
69920170523:
700	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
701	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
702	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
703
704	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
705	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
706	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
707
708	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
709	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
710	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
711	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
712	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
713	installing world.
714
71520170424:
716	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
717	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
718	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
719
72020170420:
721	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
722	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
723	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
724
72520170413:
726	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
727	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
728	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
729	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
730	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
731	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
732	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
733
73420170407:
735	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
736	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
737	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
738	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
739
74020170405:
741	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
742	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
743	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
744
74520170331:
746	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
747	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
748	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
749
75020170329:
751	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
752	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
753
754	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
755	via one of the following methods:
756	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
757	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
758	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
759	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
760
761	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
762
76320170316:
764	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
765	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
766	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
767	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
768	with mmc.ko).
769
77020170315:
771	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
772	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
773	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
774	be prefixed with colon.
775
77620170311:
777	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
778	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
779	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
780
78120170302:
782	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
783	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
784	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
785
78620170221:
787	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
788	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
789	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
790	change.
791
79220170216:
793	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
794	valid.
795
79620170215:
797	MCA bus support has been removed.
798
79920170127:
800	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
801	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
802
80320170112:
804	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
805	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
806
80720170109:
808	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
809	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
810	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
811
81220161217:
813	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
814	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
815	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
816
81720161124:
818	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
819	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
820	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
821
82220161119:
823	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
824	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
825	that link against it need to be recompiled.
826
82720161030:
828	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
829	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
830	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
831	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
832
83320161017:
834	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
835	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
836	parts.
837	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
838	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
839
84020161015:
841	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
842	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
843	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
844	removed from base.
845
84620161008:
847	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
848	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
849	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
850
85120161003:
852	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
853	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
854
85520160924:
856	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
857	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
858	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
859	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
860
86120160918:
862	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
863	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
864	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
865	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
866	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
867
86820160918:
869	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
870
87120160908:
872	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
873	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
874	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
875	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
876
87720160824:
878	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
879	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
880	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
881	to 1200005.
882
88320160818:
884	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
885	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
886	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
887	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
888	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
889	0.
890
89120160818:
892	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
893	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
894
89520160708:
896	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
897
89820160622:
899	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
900	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
901	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
902	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
903	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
904	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
905	kernel.
906
90720160527:
908	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
909	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
910	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
911	previously contained a line like
912	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
913	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
914	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
915	generally be fine.
916
91720160523:
918	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
919	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
920	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
921	built with the old headers.
922
92320160520:
924	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
925	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
926	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
927	installing a new libc.
928
92920160517:
930	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
931	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
932	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
933	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
934	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
935	packages will be needed.
936
937	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
938	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
939	and the install steps.
940
94120160510:
942	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
943	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
944	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
945	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
946	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
947	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
948
94920160414:
950	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
951	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
952	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
953	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
954	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
955
956		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
957		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
958		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
959		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
960		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
961
962	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
963	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
964	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
965	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
966	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
967	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
968	vendors work.
969
970	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
971	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
972		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
973	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
974	quirks entry to 0x3.
975
97620160330:
977	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
978	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
979	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
980
98120160317:
982	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
983	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
984
98520160311:
986	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
987	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
988	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
989	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
990	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
991	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
992	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
993	stale .depend files.
994
99520160306:
996	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
997	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
998	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
999	rebooting, e.g.:
1000
1001	make buildworld
1002	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1003	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1004	make -C sys/boot install
1005	<reboot in single user>
1006
1007	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1008	below.
1009
101020160305:
1011	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1012	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1013	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1014
101520160301:
1016	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1017	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1018	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1019	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1020	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1021	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1022
102320160226:
1024	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1025	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1026	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1027	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1028	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1029
103020160129:
1031	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1032	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1033	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1034	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1035	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1036
103720160119:
1038	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1039	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1040
104120160113:
1042	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1043	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1044	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1045
104620151216:
1047	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1048	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1049	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1050	other loaders.
1051
105220151211:
1053	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1054	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1055	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1056	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1057	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1058	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1059
106020151207:
1061	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1062	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1063	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1064	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1065	in src.conf(5).
1066
106720151130:
1068	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1069	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1070	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1071
107220151108:
1073	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1074	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1075	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1076
1077	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1078	collation results will be different.
1079
1080	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1081	locales before running make installworld.
1082
1083	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1084
108520151030:
1086	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1087	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1088
108920151020:
1090	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1091	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1092	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1093
109420151017:
1095	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1096	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1097	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1098	and 'make -N' will not.
1099
110020151012:
1101	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1102	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1103	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1104	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1105	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1106	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1107	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1108	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1109
111020151011:
1111	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1112	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1113	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1114	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1115
111620151006:
1117	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1118	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1119	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1120
112120150924:
1122	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1123	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1124	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1125	userland debug files.
1126
1127	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1128	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1129	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1130
1131	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1132	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1133
113420150827:
1135	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1136	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1137	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1138	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1139	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1140	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1141
114220150827:
1143	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1144	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1145	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1146
114720150817:
1148	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1149	them, the kernel must have
1150
1151	device	random
1152	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1153
1154	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1155	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1156	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1157	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1158
1159	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1160	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1161
116220150813:
1163	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1164	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1165	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1166
116720150810:
1168	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1169	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1170	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1171	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1172
1173	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1174	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1175	difference with this change.
1176
1177	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1178	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1179	remove that workaround.
1180
118120150809:
1182	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1183	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1184	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1185	with:
1186
1187	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1188
118920150806:
1190	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1191	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1192	loader.rc.local instead.
1193
119420150805:
1195	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1196	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1197	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1198
119920150728:
1200	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1201	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1202	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1203
1204	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1205	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1206
120720150706:
1208	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1209	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1210	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1211	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1212	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1213	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1214	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1215	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1216	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1217	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1218	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1219	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1220
122120150630:
1222	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1223	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1224
1225	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1226	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1227	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1228
1229	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1230	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1231
1232	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1233	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1234	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1235
1236	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1237	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1238	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1239	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1240
1241	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1242	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1243	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1244	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1245
1246	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1247	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1248	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1249	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1250	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1251	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1252	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1253	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1254	will never happen.
1255
125620150623:
1257	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1258	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1259
126020150616:
1261	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1262	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1263
126420150615:
1265	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1266	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1267	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1268	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1269	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1270
127120150614:
1272	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1273	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1274	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1275	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1276
127720150614:
1278	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1279	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1280	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1281	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1282	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1283	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1284	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1285
1286	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1287	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1288	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1289	   replace it with '2'.
1290	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1291	   a file path, create a new file with:
1292		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1293	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1294		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1295	5. Restart sendmail:
1296		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1297
1298	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1299	updated.
1300
130120150604:
1302	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1303	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1304	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1305	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1306	5.x.
1307
1308	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1309
131020150525:
1311	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1312	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1313	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1314
131520150521:
1316	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1317	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1318	and Pandaboard:
1319
1320	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1321	  same but content is different now
1322	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1323	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1324	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1325	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1326	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1327
132820150501:
1329	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1330	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1331	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1332
133320150423:
1334	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1335	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1336
133720150415:
1338	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1339	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1340
134120150416:
1342	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1343	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1344	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1345
134620150324:
1347	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1348	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1349	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1350	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1351
135220150315:
1353	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1354	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1355	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1356
135720150307:
1358	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1359	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1360	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1361	kernel before rebooting.
1362
136320150217:
1364	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1365	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1366	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1367	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1368	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1369	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1370
137120150210:
1372	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1373	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1374	with the new kernel.
1375
137620150131:
1377	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1378	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1379	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1380
138120150118:
1382	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1383	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1384	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1385	are not already using 3.5.0.
1386
138720150107:
1388	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1389	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1390	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1391	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1392	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1393
139420150105:
1395	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1396	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1397	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1398	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1399
140020150102:
1401	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1402	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1403
140420141231:
1405	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1406
1407	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1408	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1409	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1410	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1411	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1412	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1413	later.
1414
1415	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1416	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1417	of the box.
1418
1419	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1420	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1421	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1422	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1423
1424	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1425	the instructions for 9.x above.
1426
1427	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1428	default, and do not build clang.
1429
1430	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1431	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1432	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1433
1434	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1435	the following are most likely to appear:
1436
1437	-Wabsolute-value
1438
1439	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1440	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1441	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1442	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1443	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1444	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1445	  cast, or disable the warning.
1446
1447	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1448	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1449	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1450	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1451	  side-effects.
1452
1453	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1454	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1455
1456	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1457	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1458	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1459	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1460
1461	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1462	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1463	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1464	unreachable could be optimized away.
1465
146620141222:
1467	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1468	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1469	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1470	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1471	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1472	the utilities will report errors.
1473
147420141121:
1475	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1476	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1477	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1478	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1479	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1480	LOCAL_DIRS.
1481
148220141109:
1483	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1484	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1485
148620141104:
1487	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1488	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1489	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1490	drivers.
1491
1492	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1493	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1494	indicate what you need to do.
1495
1496	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1497	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1498	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1499
1500	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1501	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1502	  kern.vty=sc
1503
150420141102:
1505	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1506	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1507	execute it.
1508
150920141009:
1510	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1511	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1512	devel/gperf port.
1513
151420140923:
1515	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1516	contrib/pjdfstest .
1517
151820140922:
1519	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1520	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1521	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1522	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1523	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1524	their next update cycle.
1525
152620140729:
1527	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1528	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1529	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1530	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1531	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1532
153320140723:
1534	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1535	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1536
153720140719:
1538	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1539	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1540	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1541	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1542	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1543	new configuration.
1544
154520140709:
1546	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1547	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1548	them again.
1549	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1550
155120140708:
1552	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1553	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1554	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1555	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1556	requires readline.
1557
155820140702:
1559	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1560	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1561	architecture.
1562
156320140701:
1564	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1565	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1566	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1567	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1568	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1569
157020140629:
1571	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1572	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1573	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1574
157520140619:
1576	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1577	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1578	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1579
158020140606:
1581	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1582	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1583	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1584	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1585	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1586	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1587	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1588	"make installworld".
1589
1590	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1591	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1592	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1593	is run.
1594
1595	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1596	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1597	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1598	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1599	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1600
160120140512:
1602	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1603
160420140508:
1605	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1606	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1607	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1608
160920140505:
1610	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1611	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1612	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1613	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1614	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1615	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1616	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1617	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1618	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1619	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1620	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1621	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1622
1623	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1624	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1625	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1626	as well.
1627
162820140430:
1629	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1630	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1631
163220140424:
1633	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1634	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1635	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1636	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1637	build hosts for older releases.
1638
1639	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1640	r276991, respectively.
1641
164220140418:
1643	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1644	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1645	will silently lack HESIOD.
1646
164720140405:
1648	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1649	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1650	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1651	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1652	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1653	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1654	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1655	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1656	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1657	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1658	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1659	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1660
166120140306:
1662	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1663	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1664	with command line option -W.
1665
166620140226:
1667	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1668	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1669	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1670	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1671	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1672
167320140216:
1674	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1675
167620140216:
1677	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1678	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1679
168020140212:
1681	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1682	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1683	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1684	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1685	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1686
168720140204:
1688	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1689	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1690	kernel is still highly recommended.
1691
169220140131:
1693	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1694	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1695	capability mode support in kernel.
1696
169720140128:
1698	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1699	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1700	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1701	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1702	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1703
170420140110:
1705	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1706	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1707	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1708	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1709	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1710	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1711
171220131213:
1713	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1714	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1715	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1716	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1717	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1718	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1719	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1720	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1721	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1722
172320131108:
1724	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1725	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1726	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1727	should change your settings to use the latter.
1728
172920131025:
1730	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1731	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1732	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1733	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1734	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1735
173620131014:
1737	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1738	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1739	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1740	delete-old-libs":
1741	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1742	  or
1743	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1744
174520131010:
1746	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1747	revision r256279.
1748
1749COMMON ITEMS:
1750
1751	General Notes
1752	-------------
1753	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1754	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1755	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1756	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1757	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1758	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1759	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1760
1761	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1762	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1763	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1764	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1765	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1766
1767	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1768	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1769	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1770	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1771	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1772	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1773	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1774	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1775	an exception.
1776
1777	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1778	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1779	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1780	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1781
1782	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1783	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1784	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1785	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1786	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1787	should write them with this in mind.
1788
1789	ZFS notes
1790	---------
1791	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1792	these two steps:
1793
1794	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1795	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1796
1797	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1798
1799	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1800	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1801	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1802
1803	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1804
1805	To build a kernel
1806	-----------------
1807	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1808	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1809	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1810
1811	make kernel-toolchain
1812	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1813	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1814
1815	To test a kernel once
1816	---------------------
1817	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1818	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1819	debugging information) run
1820	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1821	nextboot -k testkernel
1822
1823	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1824	-----------------------------------------------------------
1825	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1826	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1827
1828	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1829	make buildworld
1830	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1831	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1832							[1]
1833	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1834	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1835	make installworld
1836	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1837	make delete-old					[6]
1838	<reboot>
1839
1840	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1841	--------------------------------------------------
1842	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1843	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1844	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1845	# size.
1846
1847	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1848	<boot into -stable>
1849	make buildworld
1850	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1851	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1852	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1853	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1854	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1855	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1856	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1857	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1858	<reboot into current>
1859	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1860	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1861	<reboot>
1862
1863
1864	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1865	----------------------------------------------
1866	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1867	make buildworld					[9]
1868	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1869	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1870							[1]
1871	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1872	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1873	make installworld
1874	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1875	make delete-old					[6]
1876	<reboot>
1877
1878	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1879	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1880	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1881	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1882	the UPDATING entries.
1883
1884	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1885	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1886	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1887	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1888	much fewer pitfalls.
1889
1890	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1891	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1892	system on reboot.
1893
1894	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1895		fsck -p
1896		mount -u /
1897		mount -a
1898		cd src
1899		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1900	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1901	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1902
1903	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1904	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1905	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1906	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1907	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1908	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1909	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1910
1911	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1912	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1913	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1914	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1915	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1916	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1917
1918	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1919	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1920	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1921
1922	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
1923	an installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new
1924	kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
1925	option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
1926	binaries).  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1927	hard to boot to recover.  A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
1928	compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
1929
1930	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1931	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1932
1933	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1934	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1935	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1936
1937	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1938	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1939	warn if it is improperly defined.
1940FORMAT:
1941
1942This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1943breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1944list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1945If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1946to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1947
1948Copyright information:
1949
1950Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
1951
1952Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1953modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1954document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1955
1956THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1957IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1958WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1959DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1960INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1961(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1962SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1963HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1964STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1965IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1966POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1967
1968Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1969this document.
1970
1971$FreeBSD$
1972