1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420150131: 35 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 36 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 37 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 38 3920150118: 40 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 41 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 42 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 43 are not already using 3.5.0. 44 4520150107: 46 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 47 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 48 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 49 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 50 binutils tools, if necessary. 51 5220150105: 53 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 54 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 55 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 56 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 57 5820150102: 59 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 60 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 61 6220141231: 63 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 64 65 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 66 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 67 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 68 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 69 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 70 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 71 later. 72 73 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 74 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 75 of the box. 76 77 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 78 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 79 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 80 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 81 82 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 83 the instructions for 9.x above. 84 85 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 86 default, and do not build clang. 87 88 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 89 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 90 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 91 92 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 93 the following are most likely to appear: 94 95 -Wabsolute-value 96 97 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 98 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 99 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 100 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 101 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 102 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 103 cast, or disable the warning. 104 105 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 106 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 107 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 108 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 109 side-effects. 110 111 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 112 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 113 114 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 115 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 116 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 117 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 118 119 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 120 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 121 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 122 unreachable could be optimized away. 123 12420141222: 125 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 126 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 127 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 128 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 129 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 130 the utilities will report errors. 131 13220141121: 133 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 134 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 135 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 136 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 137 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 138 LOCAL_DIRS. 139 14020141109: 141 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 142 has been obsolete for a very long time. 143 14420141104: 145 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 146 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 147 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 148 drivers. 149 150 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 151 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 152 indicate what you need to do. 153 154 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 155 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 156 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 157 158 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 159 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 160 kern.vty=sc 161 16220141102: 163 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 164 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 165 execute it. 166 16720141009: 168 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 169 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 170 devel/gperf port. 171 17220140923: 173 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 174 contrib/pjdfstest . 175 17620140922: 177 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 178 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 179 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 180 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 181 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 182 their next update cycle. 183 18420140729: 185 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 186 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 187 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 188 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 189 1.12.4_8 or newer. 190 19120140723: 192 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 193 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 194 19520140719: 196 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 197 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 198 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 199 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 200 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 201 new configuration. 202 20320140709: 204 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 205 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 206 them again. 207 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 208 20920140708: 210 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 211 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 212 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 213 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 214 requires readline. 215 21620140702: 217 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 218 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 219 architecture. 220 22120140701: 222 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 223 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 224 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 225 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 226 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 227 22820140629: 229 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 230 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 231 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 232 23320140619: 234 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 235 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 236 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 237 23820140606: 239 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 240 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 241 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 242 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 243 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 244 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 245 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 246 "make installworld". 247 248 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 249 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 250 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 251 is run. 252 253 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 254 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 255 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 256 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 257 be removed during a clean upgrade. 258 25920140512: 260 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 261 26220140508: 263 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 264 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 265 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 266 26720140505: 268 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 269 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 270 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 271 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 272 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 273 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 274 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 275 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 276 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 277 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 278 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 279 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 280 281 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 282 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 283 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 284 as well. 285 28620140430: 287 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 288 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 289 29020140418: 291 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 292 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 293 will silently lack HESIOD. 294 29520140405: 296 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 297 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 298 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 299 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 300 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 301 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 302 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 303 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 304 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 305 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 306 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 307 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 308 30920140306: 310 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 311 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 312 with command line option -W. 313 31420140226: 315 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 316 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 317 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 318 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 319 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 320 32120140216: 322 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 323 32420140216: 325 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 326 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 327 32820140212: 329 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 330 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 331 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 332 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 333 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 334 33520140204: 336 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 337 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 338 kernel is still highly recommended. 339 34020140131: 341 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 342 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 343 capability mode support in kernel. 344 34520140128: 346 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 347 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 348 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 349 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 350 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 351 35220140110: 353 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 354 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 355 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 356 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 357 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 358 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 359 36020131213: 361 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 362 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 363 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 364 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 365 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 366 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 367 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 368 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 369 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 370 37120131108: 372 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 373 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 374 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 375 should change your settings to use the latter. 376 37720131025: 378 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 379 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 380 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 381 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 382 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 383 38420131014: 385 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 386 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 387 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 388 delete-old-libs": 389 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 390 or 391 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 392 39320131010: 394 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 395 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 396 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 397 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 398 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 399 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 400 401 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 402 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 403 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 404 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 405 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 406 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 407 408 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 409 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 410 with an integer. 411 41220130930: 413 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 414 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 415 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 416 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 417 418 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 419 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 420 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 421 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 422 42320130916: 424 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 425 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 426 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 427 42820130911: 429 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 430 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 431 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 432 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 433 43420130906: 435 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 436 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 437 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 438 options in src.conf. 439 44020130905: 441 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 442 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 443 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 444 'options PROCDESC'. 445 44620130905: 447 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 448 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 449 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 450 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 451 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 452 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 453 45420130903: 455 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 456 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 457 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 458 45920130821: 460 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 461 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 462 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 463 46420130813: 465 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 466 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 467 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 468 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 469 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 470 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 471 47220130806: 473 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 474 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 475 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 476 explicitly. 477 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 478 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 479 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 480 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 481 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 482 48320130806: 484 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 485 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 486 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 487 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 488 to r253970 or later. 489 49020130802: 491 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 492 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 493 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 494 would result: 495 496 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 497 498 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 499 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 500 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 501 old as well as the new version of find. 502 50320130726: 504 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 505 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 506 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 507 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 508 subdirectories must be reviewed. 509 51020130716: 511 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 512 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 513 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 514 515 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 516 517 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 518 users are advised to upgrade. 519 52020130709: 521 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 522 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 523 52420130709: 525 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 526 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 527 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 528 52920130629: 530 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 531 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 532 533 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 534 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 535 overloading the machine. 536 53720130618: 538 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 539 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 540 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 541 write access to that file. 542 54320130615: 544 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 545 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 546 54720130613: 548 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 549 550 make: illegal option -- J 551 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 552 ... 553 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 554 555 this likely due to an old instance of make in 556 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 557 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 558 you see the above error: 559 560 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 561 562 should resolve it. 563 56420130516: 565 Use bmake by default. 566 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 567 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 568 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 569 570 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 571 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 572 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 573 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 574 behavior in parallel build. 575 57620130429: 577 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 578 57920130426: 580 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 581 the IDEA patent expired. 582 58320130426: 584 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 585 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 586 enabled by default. 587 58820130425: 589 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 590 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 591 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 592 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 593 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 594 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 595 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 596 && make install). 597 59820130404: 599 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 600 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 601 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 602 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 603 and removed. 604 60520130319: 606 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 607 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 608 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 609 binaries will not work on older kernels. 610 61120130308: 612 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 613 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 614 61520130304: 616 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 617 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 618 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 619 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 620 is requested. 621 622 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 623 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 624 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 625 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 626 in /boot/loader.conf. 627 62820130301: 629 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 630 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 631 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 632 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 633 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 634 63520130208: 636 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 637 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 638 639 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 640 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 641 64220130129: 643 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 644 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 645 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 646 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 647 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 648 64920130121: 650 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 651 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 652 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 653 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 654 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 655 /etc/src.conf. 656 65720130118: 658 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 659 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 660 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 661 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 662 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 663 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 664 use is expected to be extremely rare. 665 66620121223: 667 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 668 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 669 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 670 67120121222: 672 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 673 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 674 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 675 be updated. 676 67720121217: 678 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 679 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 680 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 681 682 savecore_flags="" 683 68420121201: 685 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 686 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 687 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 688 68920121117: 690 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 691 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 692 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 693 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 694 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 695 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 696 69720121105: 698 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 699 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 700 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 701 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 702 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 703 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 704 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 705 branch point). 706 70720121102: 708 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 709 functionality now turned on by default. 710 71120121023: 712 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 713 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 714 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 715 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 716 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 717 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 718 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 719 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 720 of the two kernel options. 721 72220121023: 723 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 724 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 725 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 726 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 727 72820121022: 729 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 730 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 731 recompiled. 732 73320121018: 734 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 735 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 736 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 737 73820121016: 739 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 740 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 741 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 742 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 743 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 744 74520121015: 746 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 747 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 748 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 749 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 750 75120121014: 752 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 753 75420121013: 755 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 756 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 757 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 758 knob has also gone. 759 76020121006: 761 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 762 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 763 with new kernel. 764 76520121001: 766 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 767 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 768 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 769 77020120913: 771 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 772 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 773 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 774 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 775 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 776 configurations. 777 77820120908: 779 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 780 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 781 78220120828: 783 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 784 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 785 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 786 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 787 manual page. 788 78920120727: 790 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 791 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 792 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 793 79420120712: 795 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 796 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 797 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 798 79920120712: 800 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 801 with other variables: 802 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 803 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 804 80520120628: 806 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 807 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 808 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 809 installed as "bsdsort". 810 81120120611: 812 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 813 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 814 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 815 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 816 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 817 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 818 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 819 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 820 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 821 82220120417: 823 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 824 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 825 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 826 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 827 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 828 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 829 NAMESPACE section). 830 83120120328: 832 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 833 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 834 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 835 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 836 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 837 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 838 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 839 84020120306: 841 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 842 platforms. 843 84420120229: 845 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 846 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 847 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 848 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 849 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 850 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 851 85220120211: 853 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 854 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 855 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 856 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 857 comes from 20111215. 858 85920120114: 860 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 861 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 862 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 863 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 864 865 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 866 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 867 86820120109: 869 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 870 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 871 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 872 tunable/sysctl. 873 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 874 87520111215: 876 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 877 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 878 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 879 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 880 not supported anymore. 881 882 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 883 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 884 need to be recompiled. 885 88620111122: 887 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 888 /dev/wmistat0. 889 89020111108: 891 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 892 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 893 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 894 time. 895 89620111101: 897 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 898 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 899 90020110930: 901 sysinstall has been removed 902 90320110923: 904 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 905 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 906 907COMMON ITEMS: 908 909 General Notes 910 ------------- 911 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 912 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 913 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 914 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 915 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 916 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 917 several months have passed on the -current branch). 918 919 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 920 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 921 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 922 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 923 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 924 925 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 926 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 927 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 928 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 929 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 930 931 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 932 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 933 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 934 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 935 936 ZFS notes 937 --------- 938 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 939 these two steps: 940 941 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 942 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 943 944 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 945 946 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 947 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 948 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 949 950 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 951 952 To build a kernel 953 ----------------- 954 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 955 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 956 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 957 958 make kernel-toolchain 959 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 960 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 961 962 To test a kernel once 963 --------------------- 964 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 965 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 966 debugging information) run 967 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 968 nextboot -k testkernel 969 970 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 971 -------------------------------------------------------------- 972 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 973 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 974 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 975 976 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 977 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 978 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 979 make depend 980 make 981 make install 982 983 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 984 985 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 986 ----------------------------------------------------------- 987 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 988 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 989 990 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 991 make buildworld 992 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 993 [1] 994 <reboot in single user> [3] 995 mergemaster -Fp [5] 996 make installworld 997 mergemaster -Fi [4] 998 make delete-old [6] 999 <reboot> 1000 1001 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1002 -------------------------------------------------- 1003 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1004 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1005 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1006 # size. 1007 1008 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1009 <boot into -stable> 1010 make buildworld 1011 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1012 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1013 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1014 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1015 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1016 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1017 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1018 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1019 <reboot into current> 1020 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1021 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1022 <reboot> 1023 1024 1025 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1026 ---------------------------------------------- 1027 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1028 make buildworld [9] 1029 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1030 [1] 1031 <reboot in single user> [3] 1032 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1033 make installworld 1034 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1035 make delete-old [6] 1036 <reboot> 1037 1038 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1039 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1040 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1041 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1042 the UPDATING entries. 1043 1044 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1045 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1046 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1047 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1048 much fewer pitfalls. 1049 1050 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1051 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1052 system on reboot. 1053 1054 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1055 fsck -p 1056 mount -u / 1057 mount -a 1058 cd src 1059 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1060 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1061 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1062 1063 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1064 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1065 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1066 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1067 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1068 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1069 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1070 1071 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1072 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1073 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1074 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1075 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1076 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1077 1078 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1079 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1080 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1081 1082 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1083 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1084 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1085 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1086 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1087 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1088 1089 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1090 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1091 1092 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1093 cvs prune empty directories. 1094 1095 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1096 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1097 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1098 1099 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1100 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1101 warn if it is improperly defined. 1102FORMAT: 1103 1104This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1105breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1106list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1107If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1108to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1109 1110Copyright information: 1111 1112Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1113 1114Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1115modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1116document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1117 1118THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1119IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1120WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1121DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1122INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1123(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1124SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1125HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1126STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1127IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1128POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1129 1130Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1131this document. 1132 1133$FreeBSD$ 1134