1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230724: 31 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 32 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 33 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 34 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 35 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 36 3720230629: 38 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 39 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 40 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 41 file a PR and assign it to imp. 42 4320230623: 44 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 45 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 46 after upgrading. 47 4820230619: 49 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 50 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 51 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 52 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 53 54 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 55 service pf restart 56 57 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 58 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 59 6020230613: 61 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 62 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 63 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 64 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 65 already properly quoted or escaped. 66 6720230612: 68 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 69 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 70 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 71 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 72 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 73 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 74 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 75 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 76 77 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 78 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 79 8020230422: 81 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 82 using git instead. 83 8420230420: 85 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 86 eg. 87 make buildworld-jobs 88 runs 89 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 90 91 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 92 9320230316: 94 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 95 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 96 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 97 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 98 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 99 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 100 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 101 exist anymore. 102 10320230221: 104 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 105 for details. 106 10720230206: 108 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 109 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 110 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 111 11220230204: 113 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 114 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 115 11620230130: 117 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 118 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 119 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 120 12120230126: 122 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 123 system are now built unconditionally. 124 12520230113: 126 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 127 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 128 12920221212: 130 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 131 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 132 133 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 134 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 135 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 136 13720221205: 138 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 139 to reenable sendmail(8): 140 141 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 142 143 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 144 14520221204: 146 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 147 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 148 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 149 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 150 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 151 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 152 153 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 154 15520221122: 156 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 157 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 158 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 159 16020221121: 161 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 162 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 163 16420221026: 165 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 166 for pkgbase users to do: 167 168 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 169 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 170 171 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 172 installed. 173 17420220610: 175 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 176 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 177 17820211230: 179 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 180 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 181 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 182 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 183 reflect this change. 184 18520211214: 186 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 187 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 188 18920211209: 190 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 191 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 192 the coming days and weeks. 193 194 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 195 or touch 196 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 197 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 198 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 199 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 200 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 201 20220211202: 203 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 204 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 205 statement in unbound.conf: 206 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 207 208 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 209 210 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 211 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 212 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 213 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 214 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 215 such names when roaming to different homenets. 216 21720211110: 218 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 219 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 220 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 221 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 222 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 223 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 224 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 225 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 226 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 227 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 228 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 229 23020211118: 231 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 232 tree shortly. 233 23420211106: 235 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 236 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 237 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 238 may need to be modified. 239 24020211022: 241 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 242 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 243 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 244 24520211020: 246 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 247 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 248 249 # chsh -s csh 250 25120211004: 252 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 253 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 254 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 255 this change. 256 25720210923: 258 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 259 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 260 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 261 list of modules to load on their systems. 262 26320210922: 264 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 265 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 266 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 267 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 268 26920210911: 270 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 271 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 272 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 273 being loaded. 274 27520210817: 276 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 277 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 278 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 279 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 280 application-specific configuration option for applications 281 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 282 28320210811: 284 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 285 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 286 28720210730: 288 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 289 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 290 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 291 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 292 29320210729: 294 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 295 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 296 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 297 29820210716: 299 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 300 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 301 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 302 30320210715: 304 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 305 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 306 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 307 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 308 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 309 to update your sources past the above hash and do 310 % cd usr.bin/awk 311 % make clean all 312 % sudo -E make install 313 to enable building kernels again. 314 31520210708: 316 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 317 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 318 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 319 32020210707: 321 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 322 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 323 32420210624: 325 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 326 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 327 for NFSv4 mounts. 328 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 329 33020210618: 331 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 332 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 333 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 334 additions and others. 335 33620210618: 337 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 338 renamed to "untrusted". 339 34020210611: 341 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 342 please install the svn package or port. 343 34420210611: 345 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 346 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 347 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 348 34920210610: 350 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 351 35220210608: 353 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 354 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 355https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 356 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 357 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 358 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 359 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 360 36120210525: 362 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 363 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 364 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 365 detect this. 366 36720210513: 368 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 369 libraries and utilities are packaged. 370 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 371 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 372 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 373 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 374 on the system. 375 37620210426: 377 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 378 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 379 need to be rebuilt from sources. 380 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 381 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 382 is not recommended. 383 38420210411: 385 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 386 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 387 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 388 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 389 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 390 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 391 39220210330: 393 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 394 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 395 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 396 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 397 39820210225: 399 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 400 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 401 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 402 40320210128: 404 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 405 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 406 update. 407 40820210108: 409 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 410 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 411 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 412 since it was bumped so recently. 413 41420210107: 415 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 416 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 417 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 418 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 419 42020210105: 421 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 422 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 423 requires a clean build. 424 42520201223: 426 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 427 instructions can be found at 428 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 429 and other documents in that repo. 430 43120201216: 432 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 433 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 434 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 435 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 436 43720201215: 438 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 439 may be installed from ports or packages. 440 44120201124: 442 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 443 See ping(8) for details. 444 44520201108: 446 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 447 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 448 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 449 45020201030: 451 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 452 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 453 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 454 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 455 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 456 45720201026: 458 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 459 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 460 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 461 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 462 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 463 find. 464 46520200923: 466 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 467 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 468 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 469 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 470 471 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 472 command you want to un-auger the tree is 473 cd sys/amd64/conf 474 svn revert -R . 475 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 476 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 477 47820200824: 479 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 480 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 481 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 482 unless you want to use new features. 483 484 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 485 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 486 rebuilding world may fail. 487 488 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 489 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 490 491 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 492 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 493 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 494 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 495 49620200824: 497 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 498 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 499 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 500 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 501 50220200821: 503 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 504 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 505 sources. 506 50720200817: 508 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 509 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 510 51120200816: 512 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 513 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 514 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 515 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 516 51720200810: 518 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 519 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 520 from sources, so a version bump was done. 521 52220200807: 523 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 524 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 525 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 526 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 527 52820200729: 529 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 530 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 531 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 532 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 533 continue to function. 534 535 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 536 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 537 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 538 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 539 54020200627: 541 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 542 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 543 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 544 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 545 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 546 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 547 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 548 54920200625: 550 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 551 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 552 55320200613: 554 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 555 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 556 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 557 55820200604: 559 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 560 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 561 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 562 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 563 564 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 565 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 566 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 567 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 568 /root/.shrc. 569 57020200523: 571 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 572 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 573 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 574 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 575 57620200512: 577 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 578 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 579 58020200424: 581 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 582 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 583 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 584 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 585 be functional without closefrom(2). 586 58720200414: 588 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 589 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 590 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 591 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 592 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 593 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 594 59520200310: 596 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 597 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 598 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 599 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 600 60120200309: 602 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 603 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 604 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 605 60620200301: 607 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 608 60920200229: 610 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 611 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 612 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 613 61420200229: 615 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 616 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 617 61820200229: 619 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 620 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 621 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 622 ports or packages. 623 62420200220: 625 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 626 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 627 ncurses. 628 62920200217: 630 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 631 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 632 together with their new kernel. 633 63420200212: 635 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 636 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 637 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 638 639 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 640 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 641 64220200108: 643 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 644 linker for riscv64. 645 64620200107: 647 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 648 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 649 external toolchain package. 650 65120200104: 652 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 653 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 654 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 655 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 656 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 657 65820200102: 659 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 660 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 661 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 662 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 663 66420191226: 665 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 666 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 667 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 668 ABI. 669 67020191226: 671 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 672 67320191222: 674 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 675 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 676 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 677 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 678 67920191212: 680 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 681 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 682 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 683 68420191205: 685 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 686 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 687 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 688 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 689 differences between those included in the port and those included in 690 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 691 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 692 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 693 69420191120: 695 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 696 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 697 for automounting. 698 69920191107: 700 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 701 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 702 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 703 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 704 add superio to the set. 705 70620191021: 707 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 708 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 709 71020191021: 711 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 712 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 713 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 714 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 715 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 716 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 717 completely in the future. 718 71920191009: 720 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 721 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 722 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 723 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 724 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 725 will be removed from the list. 726 72720191009: 728 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 729 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 730 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 731 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 732 73320191003: 734 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 735 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 736 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 737 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 738 73920190913: 740 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 741 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 742 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 743 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 744 74520190823: 746 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 747 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 748 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 749 75020190727: 751 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 752 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 753 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 754 your scripts, because they had no effect. 755 756 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 757 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 758 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 759 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 760 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 761 76220190713: 763 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 764 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 765 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 766 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 767 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 768 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 769 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 770 77120190620: 772 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 773 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 774 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 775 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 776 77720190612: 778 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 779 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 780 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 781 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 782 78320190608: 784 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 785 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 786 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 787 78820190513: 789 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 790 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 791 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 792 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 793 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 794 avoid running into the limit. 795 79620190507: 797 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 798 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 799 80020190507: 801 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 802 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 803 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 804 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 805 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 806 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 807 80820190418: 809 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 810 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 811 entropy: 812 813 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 814 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 815 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 816 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 817 availability properties. 818 819 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 820 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 821 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 822 initial condition, if desired. 823 824 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 825 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 826 827 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 828 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 829 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 830 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 831 83220190416: 833 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 834 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 835 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 836 therefore unblocked). 837 83820190404: 839 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 840 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 841 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 842 is added to the command line. 843 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 844 not affected and should continue to work. 845 84620190320: 847 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 848 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 849 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 850 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 851 85220190304: 853 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 854 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 855 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 856 or higher. 857 85820190226: 859 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 860 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 861 kernel config. 862 86320190219: 864 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 865 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 866 migrating to the drm ports. 867 86820190131: 869 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 870 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 871 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 872 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 873 is loaded automatically. 874 87520190125: 876 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 877 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 878 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 879 kernel config files. 880 88120181230: 882 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 883 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 884 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 885 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 886 88720181220: 888 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 889 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 890 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 891 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 892 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 893 most NFSv4 mounts. 894 89520181219: 896 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 897 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 898 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 899 900 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 901 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 902 903 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 904 removed from the mips port. 905 90620181211: 907 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 908 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 909 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 910 or higher. 911 91220181211: 913 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 914 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 915 91620181126: 917 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 918 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 919 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 920 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 921 92220181123: 923 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 924 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 925 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 926 92720181115: 928 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 929 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 930 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 931 FreeBSD versions. 932 93320181110: 934 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 935 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 936 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 937 938 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 939 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 940 being included using the command: 941 $ newsyslog -Nrv 942 94320181015: 944 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 945 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 946 drm-legacy-kmod. 947 948 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 949 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 950 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 951 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 952 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 953 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 954 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 955 that as you will get better support. 956 957 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 958 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 959 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 960 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 961 962 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 963 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 964 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 965 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 966 shortly. 967 96820181012: 969 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 970 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 971 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 972 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 973 be adjusted as necessary. 974 97520181009: 976 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 977 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 978 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 979 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 980 98120181006: 982 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 983 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 984 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 985 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 986 encouraged. 987 98820181002: 989 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 990 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 991 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 992 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 993 nda device name. 994 99520180913: 996 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 997 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 998 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 999 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1000 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1001 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1002 100320180826: 1004 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1005 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1006 default since FreeBSD-11. 1007 100820180822: 1009 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1010 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1011 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1012 101320180818: 1014 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1015 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1016 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1017 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1018 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1019 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1020 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1021 1022 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1023 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1024 102520180815: 1026 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1027 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1028 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1029 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1030 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1031 may not be observed in a future release. 1032 103320180808: 1034 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1035 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1036 your environment. 1037 103820180731: 1039 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1040 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1041 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1042 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1043 104420180730: 1045 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1046 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1047 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1048 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1049 runtime services. 1050 105120180727: 1052 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1053 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1054 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1055 105620180723: 1057 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1058 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1059 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1060 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1061 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1062 106320180720: 1064 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1065 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1066 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1067 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1068 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1069 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1070 107120180719: 1072 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1073 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1074 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1075 boot_serial=YES 1076 boot_multicons=YES 1077 in /boot/loader.conf 1078 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1079 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1080 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1081 108220180719: 1083 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1084 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1085 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1086 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1087 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1088 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1089 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1090 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1091 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1092 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1093 by the ntpd user. 1094 109520180717: 1096 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1097 109820180711: 1099 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1100 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1101 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1102 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1103 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1104 110520180705: 1106 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1107 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1108 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1109 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1110 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1111 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1112 111320180702: 1114 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1115 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1116 111720180701: 1118 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1119 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1120 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1121 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1122 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1123 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1124 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1125 112620180630: 1127 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1128 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1129 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1130 or higher. 1131 113220180628: 1133 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1134 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1135 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1136 file. 1137 113820180612: 1139 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1140 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1141 114220180530: 1143 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1144 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1145 longer necessary. 1146 114720180530: 1148 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1149 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1150 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1151 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1152 115320180523: 1154 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1155 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1156 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1157 later than r334108. 1158 115920180517: 1160 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1161 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1162 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1163 it must be removed. 1164 116520180510: 1166 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1167 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1168 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1169 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1170 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1171 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1172 will go away. 1173 1174 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1175 workaround is necessary. 1176 117720180508: 1178 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1179 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1180 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1181 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1182 118320180504: 1184 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1185 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1186 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1187 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1188 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1189 119020180502: 1191 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1192 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1193 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1194 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1195 119620180501: 1197 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1198 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1199 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1200 be removed. 1201 120220180413: 1203 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1204 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1205 removed. 1206 120720180411: 1208 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1209 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1210 removed. 1211 121220180406: 1213 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1214 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1215 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1216 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1217 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1218 1219 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1220 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1221 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1222 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1223 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1224 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1225 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1226 1227 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1228 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1229 1230 source src { 1231 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1232 } 1233 1234 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1235 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1236 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1237 1238 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1239 1240 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1241 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1242 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1243 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1244 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1245 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1246 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1247 1248 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1249 change. 1250 125120180328: 1252 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1253 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1254 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1255 125620180323: 1257 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1258 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1259 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1260 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1261 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1262 should be as simple as: 1263 1264 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1265 $ make depend all install 1266 126720180212: 1268 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1269 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1270 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1271 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1272 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1273 provisions for backup boot methods. 1274 127520180211: 1276 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1277 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1278 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1279 imp@freebsd.org. 1280 128120180114: 1282 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1283 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1284 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1285 or higher. 1286 128720180110: 1288 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1289 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1290 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1291 1292 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1293 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1294 129520180110: 1296 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1297 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1298 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1299 remove it from kernel config files. 1300 130120180104: 1302 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1303 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1304 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1305 1306 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1307 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1308 130920180102: 1310 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1311 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1312 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1313 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1314 131520171215: 1316 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1317 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1318 131920171214: 1320 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1321 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1322 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1323 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1324 132520171125: 1326 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1327 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1328 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1329 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1330 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1331 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1332 133320171110: 1334 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1335 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1336 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1337 133820171106: 1339 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1340 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1341 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1342 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1343 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1344 134520171102: 1346 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1347 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1348 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1349 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1350 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1351 environment. 1352 135320171101: 1354 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1355 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1356 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1357 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1358 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1359 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1360 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1361 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1362 than hardcoding paths. 1363 136420171028: 1365 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1366 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1367 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1368 136920171021: 1370 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1371 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1372 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1373 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1374 137520171010: 1376 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1377 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1378 137920171005: 1380 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1381 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1382 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1383 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1384 138520171003: 1386 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1387 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1388 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1389 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1390 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1391 139220170912: 1393 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1394 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1395 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1396 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1397 /etc/ctl.conf . 1398 139920170912: 1400 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1401 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1402 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1403 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1404 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1405 140620170826: 1407 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1408 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1409 141020170825: 1411 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1412 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1413 to complete. 1414 141520170814: 1416 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1417 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1418 ${TESTSDIR}. 1419 1420 Behavioral changes: 1421 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1422 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1423 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1424 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1425 1426 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1427 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1428 sandbox if successful. 1429 1430 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1431 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1432 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1433 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1434 an unprivileged user. 1435 143620170808: 1437 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1438 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1439 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1440 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1441 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1442 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1443 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1444 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1445 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1446 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1447 to which you should answer yes. 1448 144920170728: 1450 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1451 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1452 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1453 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1454 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1455 145620170722: 1457 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1458 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1459 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1460 146120170701: 1462 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1463 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1464 146520170625: 1466 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1467 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1468 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1469 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1470 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1471 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1472 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1473 147420170623: 1475 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1476 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1477 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1478 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1479 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1480 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1481 148220170620: 1483 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1484 if you require the GPL compiler. 1485 148620170618: 1487 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1488 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1489 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1490 149120170617: 1492 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1493 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1494 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1495 followed. 1496 149720170531: 1498 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1499 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1500 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1501 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1502 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1503 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1504 150520170524: 1506 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1507 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1508 which only require one chipset support. 1509 1510 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1511 1512 if_ath_load="YES" 1513 1514 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1515 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1516 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1517 1518 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1519 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1520 1521 * load ath_hal 1522 * load the chip modules in question 1523 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1524 * load ath_main 1525 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1526 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1527 1528 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1529 153020170523: 1531 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1532 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1533 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1534 1535 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1536 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1537 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1538 1539 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1540 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1541 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1542 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1543 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1544 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1545 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1546 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1547 154820170424: 1549 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1550 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1551 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1552 155320170420: 1554 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1555 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1556 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1557 155820170413: 1559 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1560 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1561 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1562 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1563 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1564 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1565 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1566 156720170407: 1568 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1569 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1570 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1571 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1572 157320170405: 1574 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1575 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1576 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1577 157820170331: 1579 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1580 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1581 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1582 158320170329: 1584 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1585 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1586 1587 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1588 via one of the following methods: 1589 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1590 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1591 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1592 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1593 1594 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1595 159620170316: 1597 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1598 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1599 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1600 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1601 with mmc.ko). 1602 160320170315: 1604 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1605 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1606 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1607 be prefixed with colon. 1608 160920170311: 1610 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1611 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1612 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1613 161420170302: 1615 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1616 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1617 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1618 161920170221: 1620 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1621 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1622 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1623 change. 1624 162520170216: 1626 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1627 valid. 1628 162920170215: 1630 MCA bus support has been removed. 1631 163220170127: 1633 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1634 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1635 163620170112: 1637 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1638 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1639 164020170109: 1641 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1642 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1643 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1644 configuration. 1645 164620161217: 1647 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1648 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1649 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1650 165120161124: 1652 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1653 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1654 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1655 165620161119: 1657 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1658 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1659 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1660 166120161030: 1662 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1663 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1664 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1665 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1666 166720161017: 1668 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1669 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1670 parts. 1671 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1672 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1673 167420161015: 1675 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1676 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1677 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1678 removed from base. 1679 168020161008: 1681 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1682 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1683 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1684 168520161003: 1686 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1687 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1688 168920160924: 1690 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1691 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1692 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1693 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1694 169520160918: 1696 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1697 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1698 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1699 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1700 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1701 170220160918: 1703 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1704 170520160908: 1706 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1707 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1708 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1709 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1710 171120160824: 1712 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1713 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1714 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1715 to 1200005. 1716 171720160818: 1718 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1719 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1720 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1721 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1722 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1723 0. 1724 172520160818: 1726 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1727 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1728 172920160708: 1730 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1731 1732After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1733from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1734entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1735UPDATING file. 1736 1737COMMON ITEMS: 1738 1739 General Notes 1740 ------------- 1741 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1742 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1743 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1744 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1745 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1746 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1747 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1748 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1749 1750 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1751 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1752 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1753 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1754 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1755 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1756 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1757 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1758 an exception. 1759 1760 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1761 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1762 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1763 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1764 step. 1765 1766 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1767 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1768 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1769 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1770 1771 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1772 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1773 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1774 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1775 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1776 should write them with this in mind. 1777 1778 ZFS notes 1779 --------- 1780 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1781 always follow these three steps: 1782 1783 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1784 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1785 1786 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1787 doing a zpool upgrade): 1788 1789 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1790 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1791 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1792 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1793 1794 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1795 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1796 zpool upgrade. 1797 1798 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1799 1800 EFI notes 1801 --------- 1802 1803 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1804 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1805 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1806 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1807 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1808 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1809 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1810 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1811 1812 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1813 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1814 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1815 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1816 1817 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1818 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1819 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1820 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1821 1822 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1823 1824 To build a kernel 1825 ----------------- 1826 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1827 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1828 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1829 1830 make kernel-toolchain 1831 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1832 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1833 1834 To test a kernel once 1835 --------------------- 1836 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1837 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1838 debugging information) run 1839 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1840 nextboot -k testkernel 1841 1842 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1843 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1844 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1845 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1846 1847 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1848 make buildworld 1849 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1850 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1851 [1] 1852 <reboot in single user> [3] 1853 etcupdate -p [5] 1854 make installworld 1855 etcupdate -B [4] 1856 make delete-old [6] 1857 <reboot> 1858 1859 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1860 -------------------------------------------------- 1861 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1862 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1863 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1864 # size. 1865 1866 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1867 <boot into -stable> 1868 make buildworld 1869 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1870 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1871 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1872 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1873 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1874 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1875 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1876 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1877 <reboot into current> 1878 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1879 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1880 <reboot> 1881 1882 1883 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1884 ---------------------------------------------- 1885 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1886 make buildworld [9] 1887 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1888 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1889 [1] 1890 <reboot in single user> [3] 1891 etcupdate -p [5] 1892 make installworld 1893 etcupdate -B [4] 1894 make delete-old [6] 1895 <reboot> 1896 1897 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1898 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1899 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1900 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1901 the UPDATING entries. 1902 1903 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1904 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1905 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1906 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1907 much fewer pitfalls. 1908 1909 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1910 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1911 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1912 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1913 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1914 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1915 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1916 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1917 and effective, eg: 1918 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1919 1920 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1921 fsck -p 1922 mount -u / 1923 mount -a 1924 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1925 cd src # full path to source 1926 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1927 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1928 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1929 1930 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1931 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1932 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1933 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1934 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1935 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1936 1937 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1938 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1939 step. 1940 1941 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1942 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1943 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1944 1945 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1946 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1947 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1948 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1949 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1950 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1951 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1952 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1953 1954 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1955 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1956 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1957 for these as well. 1958 1959 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1960 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1961 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1962 1963 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1964 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1965 warn if it is improperly defined. 1966FORMAT: 1967 1968This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1969breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1970list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1971If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1972to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1973 1974Copyright information: 1975 1976Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1977 1978Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1979modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1980document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1981 1982THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1983IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1984WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1985DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1986INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1987(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1988SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1989HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1990STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1991IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1992POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1993 1994Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1995this document. 1996 1997$FreeBSD$ 1998