1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720120712: 28 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 29 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 30 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 31 3220120712: 33 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 34 with other variables: 35 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 36 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 37 3820120628: 39 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 40 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 41 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 42 installed as "bsdsort". 43 4420120611: 45 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 46 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 47 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 48 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 49 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 50 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 51 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 52 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 53 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 54 5520120417: 56 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 57 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 58 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 59 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 60 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 61 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 62 NAMESPACE section). 63 6420120328: 65 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 66 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 67 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 68 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 69 settings are unchanged. 70 7120120306: 72 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 73 platforms. 74 7520120229: 76 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 77 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 78 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 79 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 80 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 81 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 82 8320120211: 84 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 85 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 86 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 87 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 88 comes from 20111215. 89 9020120114: 91 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 92 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 93 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 94 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 95 96 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 97 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 98 9920120109: 100 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 101 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 102 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 103 tunable/sysctl. 104 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 105 10620111215: 107 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 108 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 109 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 110 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 111 not supported anymore. 112 113 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 114 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 115 need to be recompiled. 116 11720111122: 118 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 119 /dev/wmistat0. 120 12120111108: 122 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 123 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 124 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 125 time. 126 12720111101: 128 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 129 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 130 13120110930: 132 sysinstall has been removed 133 13420110923: 135 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 136 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 137 13820110913: 139 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 140 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 141 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 142 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 143 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 144 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 145 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 146 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 147 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 148 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 149 15020110828: 151 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 152 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 153 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 154 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 155 15620110815: 157 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 158 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 159 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 160 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 161 162 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 163 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 164 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 165 16620110628: 167 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 168 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 169 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 170 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 171 17220110608: 173 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 174 machdep.hlt_cpus 175 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 176 The following sysctl is retired: 177 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 178 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 179 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 180 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 181 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 182 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 183 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 184 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 185 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 186 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 187 a default scheduler. 188 18920110607: 190 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 191 a mask of CPUs. 192 19320110531: 194 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 195 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 196 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 197 world. 198 19920110513: 200 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 201 20220110503: 203 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 204 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 205 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 206 drivers need to be recompiled. 207 208 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 209 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 210 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 211 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 212 branches. 213 21420110430: 215 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 216 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 217 21820110427: 219 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 220 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 221 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 222 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 223 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 224 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 225 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 226 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 227 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 228 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 229 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 230 231 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 232 233 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 234 a diskless root fs use the old client. 235 23620110424: 237 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 238 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 239 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 240 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 241 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 242 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 243 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 244 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 245 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 246 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 247 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 248 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 249 250 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 251 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 252 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 253 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 254 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 255 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 256 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 257 them are parts of the cam module. 258 259 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 260 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 261 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 262 263 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 264 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 265 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 266 options ATA_CAM 267 device ahci 268 device mvs 269 device siis 270 , and instead add back: 271 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 272 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 273 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 274 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 275 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 276 27720110423: 278 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 279 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 280 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 281 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 282 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 283 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 284 28520110418: 286 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 287 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 288 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 289 29020110331: 291 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 292 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 293 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 294 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 295 in order to use ath on everything else. 296 297 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 298 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 299 30020110314: 301 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 302 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 303 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 304 30520110218: 306 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 307 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 308 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 309 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 310 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 311 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 312 31320110218: 314 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 315 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 316 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 317 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 318 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 319 authentication). 320 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 321 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 322 32320110207: 324 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 325 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 326 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 327 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 328 The function remains undocumented. 329 33020110112: 331 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 332 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 333 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 334 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 335 systems where the define is not present can check against 336 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 337 338 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 339 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 340 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 341 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 342 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 343 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 344 34520110103: 346 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 347 the following warning: 348 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 349 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 350 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 351 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 352 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 353 install it on your system. 354 355 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 356 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 357 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 358 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 359 36020101228: 361 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 362 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 363 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 364 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 365 be recompiled. 366 36720101114: 368 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 369 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 370 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 371 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 372 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 373 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 374 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 375 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 376 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 377 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 378 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 379 it, for example via: 380 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 381 382 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 383 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 384 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 385 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 386 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 387 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 388 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 389 390 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 391 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 392 39320101111: 394 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 395 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 396 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 397 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 398 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 399 40020101002: 401 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 402 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 403 migrate local entries to the new format. 404 40520100928: 406 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 407 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 408 upstream sshd. 409 41020100915: 411 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 412 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 413 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 414 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 415 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 416 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 417 41820100913: 419 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 420 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 421 422 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 423 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 424 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 425 default is "AUTO". 426 427 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 428 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 429 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 430 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 431 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 432 433 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 434 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 435 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 436 43720100913: 438 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 439 now i386 and amd64 only. 440 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 441 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 442 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 443 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 444 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 445 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 446 44720100725: 448 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 449 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 450 45120100722: 452 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 453 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 454 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 455 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 456 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 457 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 458 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 459 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 460 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 461 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 462 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 463 46420100713: 465 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 466 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 467 machine powerpc powerpc 468 469 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 470 after this change. 471 47220100713: 473 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 474 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 475 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 476 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 477 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 478 47920100429: 480 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 481 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 482 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 483 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 484 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 485 48620100402: 487 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 488 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 489 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 490 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 491 WITH_CTF=yes"). 492 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 493 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 494 to unwanted behavior. 495 49620100311: 497 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 498 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 499 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 500 be modified accordingly. 501 50220100113: 503 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 504 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 505 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 506 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 507 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 508 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 509 510 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 511 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 512 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 513 use of utmpx. 514 515 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 516 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 517 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 518 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 519 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 520 52120100108: 522 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 523 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 524 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 525 52620091202: 527 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 528 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 529 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 530 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 531 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 532 533 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 534 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 535 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 536 537 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 538 53920091125: 540 8.0-RELEASE. 541 54220091113: 543 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 544 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 545 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 546 operation of applications on the console. 547 548 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 549 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 550 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 551 cons25. 552 553 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 554 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 555 performed by syscons(4). 556 55720091109: 558 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 559 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 560 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 561 562 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 563 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 564 new structure. 565 56620091025: 567 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 568 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 569 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 570 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 571 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 572 iwn5150fw. 573 57420090926: 575 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 576 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 577 578 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 579 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 580 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 581 582 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 583 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 584 585 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 586 they are obsolete. 587 588 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 589 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 590 591 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 592 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 593 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 594 595 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 596 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 597 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 598 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 599 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 600 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 601 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 602 using ifconfig(8) like: 603 604 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 605 606 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 607 IPv6-preferred. 608 609 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 610 611 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 612 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 613 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 614 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 615 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 616 61720090922: 618 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 619 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 620 62120090912: 622 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 623 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 624 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 625 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 626 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 627 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 628 62920090910: 630 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 631 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 632 63320090825: 634 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 635 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 636 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 637 is 1000. 638 63920090813: 640 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 641 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 642 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 643 64420090803: 645 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 646 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 647 64820090719: 649 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 650 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 651 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 652 65320090714: 654 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 655 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 656 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 657 65820090713: 659 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 660 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 661 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 662 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 663 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 664 66520090712: 666 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 667 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 668 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 669 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 670 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 671 67220090630: 673 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 674 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 675 may need to be adjusted. 676 67720090629: 678 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 679 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 680 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 681 with routing sockets. 682 68320090628: 684 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 685 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 686 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 687 68820090624: 689 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 690 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 691 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 692 800100. 693 69420090622: 695 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 696 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 697 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 698 69920090619: 700 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 701 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 702 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 703 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 704 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 705 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 706 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 707 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 708 709 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 710 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 711 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 712 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 713 authentication method is used. 714 71520090616: 716 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 717 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 718 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 719 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 720 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 721 72220090613: 723 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 724 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 725 72620090611: 727 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 728 be rebuilt. 729 73020090608: 731 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 732 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 733 73420090602: 735 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 736 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 737 73820090601: 739 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 740 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 741 re-compiled. 742 74320090601: 744 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 745 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 746 rebuilt. 747 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 748 74920090530: 750 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 751 more valid. 752 75320090530: 754 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 755 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 756 75720090529: 758 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 759 rebuilt. 760 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 761 76220090528: 763 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 764 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 765 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 766 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 767 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 768 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 769 77020090527: 771 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 772 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 773 77420090523: 775 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 776 need to be rebuilt. 777 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 778 77920090523: 780 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 781 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 782 78320090520: 784 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 785 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 786 78720090520: 788 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 789 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 790 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 791 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 792 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 793 79420090430: 795 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 796 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 797 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 798 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 799 correctly checking networking state from userland. 800 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 801 80220090429: 803 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 804 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 805 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 806 follows the IPv4 implementation. 807 808 For kernel developers: 809 810 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 811 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 812 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 813 814 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 815 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 816 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 817 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 818 819 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 820 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 821 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 822 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 823 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 824 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 825 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 826 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 827 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 828 multicast membership on-link. 829 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 830 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 831 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 832 833 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 834 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 835 stack. 836 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 837 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 838 semantics. 839 840 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 841 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 842 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 843 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 844 845 For application developers: 846 847 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 848 stack. 849 850 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 851 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 852 853 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 854 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 855 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 856 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 857 858 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 859 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 860 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 861 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 862 Multicast Source Filters'. 863 864 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 865 866 For systems administrators: 867 868 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 869 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 870 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 871 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 872 returned by getifaddrs(3). 873 874 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 875 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 876 877 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 878 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 879 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 880 recommended for optimal system performance. 881 882 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 883 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 884 back forwarded datagrams. 885 886 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 887 88820090422: 889 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 890 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 891 89220090419: 893 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 894 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 895 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 896 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 897 89820090415: 899 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 900 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 901 state will require a world rebuild. 902 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 903 90420090415: 905 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 906 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 907 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 908 90920090414: 910 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 911 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 912 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 913 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 914 load balancing. 915 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 916 91720090408: 918 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 919 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 920 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 921 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 922 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 923 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 924 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 925 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 926 92720090407: 928 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 929 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 930 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 931 93220090320: 933 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 934 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 935 introduces some changes: 936 937 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 938 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 939 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 940 941 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 942 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 943 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 944 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 945 946 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 947 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 948 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 949 the "386BSD" type). 950 951 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 952 95320090319: 954 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 955 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 956 (supported by sane). 957 95820090319: 959 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 960 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 961 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 962 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 963 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 964 96520090315: 966 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 967 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 968 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 969 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 970 used. 971 97220090313: 973 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 974 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 975 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 976 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 977 97820090313: 979 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 980 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 981 98220090309: 983 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 984 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 985 986 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 987 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 988 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 989 990 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 991 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 992 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 993 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 994 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 995 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 996 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 997 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 998 999 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1000 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1001 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1002 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1003 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1004 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1005 1006 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1007 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1008 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1009 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1010 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1011 1012 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1013 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1014 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1015 via IGMP. 1016 1017 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1018 recompiled to reflect this. 1019 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1020 102120090309: 1022 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1023 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1024 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1025 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1026 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1027 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1028 102920090302: 1030 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1031 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1032 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1033 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1034 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1035 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1036 103720090301: 1038 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1039 network device driver modules. 1040 104120090227: 1042 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1043 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1044 104520090223: 1046 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1047 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1048 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1049 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1050 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1051 apply. 1052 105320090217: 1054 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1055 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1056 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1057 use the new name. 1058 105920090216: 1060 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1061 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1062 add 1063 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1064 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1065 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1066 106720090215: 1068 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1069 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1070 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1071 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1072 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1073 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1074 1075 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1076 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1077 be used for this: 1078 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1079 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1080 108120090209: 1082 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1083 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1084 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1085 108620090203: 1087 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1088 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1089 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1090 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1091 same interface. 1092 109320090201: 1094 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1095 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1096 109720090119: 1098 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1099 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1100 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1101 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1102 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1103 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1104 110520090115: 1106 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1107 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1108 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1109 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1110 111120081225: 1112 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1113 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1114 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1115 in next mpd5.3 release. 1116 111720081219: 1118 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1119 the base system (it was a port). 1120 112120081216: 1122 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1123 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1124 112520081214: 1126 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1127 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1128 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1129 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1130 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1131 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1132 none of the L2 information. 1133 113420081130: 1135 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1136 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1137 1138 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1139 1140 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1141 1142 device ath_hal 1143 1144 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1145 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1146 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1147 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1148 114920081121: 1150 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1151 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1152 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1153 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1154 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1155 packets. 1156 115720081117: 1158 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1159 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1160 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1161 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1162 116320081028: 1164 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1165 116620081009: 1167 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1168 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1169 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1170 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1171 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1172 1173 uhci_load="YES" 1174 ehci_load="YES" 1175 117620081009: 1177 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1178 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1179 sync. 1180 118120081009: 1182 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1183 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1184 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1185 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1186 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1187 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1188 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1189 119020080820: 1191 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1192 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1193 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1194 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1195 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1196 1197 PCI/ISA: 1198 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1199 1200 USB: 1201 ubser, ucycom 1202 1203 Line disciplines: 1204 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1205 1206 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1207 cause compilation to fail. 1208 120920080818: 1210 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1211 121220080801: 1213 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1214 1215 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1216 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1217 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1218 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1219 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1220 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1221 accepting the RSA key. 1222 1223 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1224 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1225 command line. 1226 1227 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1228 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1229 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1230 behavior. 1231 123220080713: 1233 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1234 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1235 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1236 1237 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1238 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1239 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1240 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1241 use the new device names. 1242 1243 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1244 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1245 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1246 at the loader prompt: 1247 1248 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1249 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1250 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1251 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1252 boot -s 1253 125420080609: 1255 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1256 disks instead. 1257 125820080603: 1259 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1260 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1261 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1262 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1263 126420080525: 1265 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1266 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1267 126820080509: 1269 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1270 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1271 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1272 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1273 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1274 127520080420: 1276 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1277 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1278 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1279 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1280 For example, change: 1281 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1282 to 1283 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1284 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1285 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1286 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1287 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1288 1289 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1290 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1291 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1292 129320080408: 1294 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1295 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1296 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1297 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1298 other operation levels. 1299 130020080312: 1301 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1302 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1303 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1304 compatibility with any prior release: 1305 1306 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1307 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1308 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1309 131020080301: 1311 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1312 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1313 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1314 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1315 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1316 nonetheless. 1317 131820080229: 1319 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1320 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1321 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1322 with older hardware easier to do. 1323 132420080220: 1325 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1326 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1327 132820080211: 1329 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1330 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1331 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1332 firewall rules. 1333 133420080208: 1335 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1336 mbuf chains. 1337 133820080126: 1339 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1340 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1341 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1342 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1343 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1344 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1345 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1346 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1347 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1348 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1349 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1350 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1351 135220080123: 1353 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1354 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1355 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1356 135720071128: 1358 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1359 functionality is the default now. 1360 136120071118: 1362 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1363 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1364 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1365 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1366 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1367 1368 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1369 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1370 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1371 137220071024: 1373 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1374 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1375 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1376 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1377 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1378 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1379 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1380 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1381 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1382 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1383 however. 1384 138520071020: 1386 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1387 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1388 used kproc_start().. 1389 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1390 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1391 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1392 139320071010: 1394 RELENG_7 branched. 1395 1396COMMON ITEMS: 1397 1398 General Notes 1399 ------------- 1400 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1401 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1402 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1403 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1404 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1405 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1406 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1407 1408 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1409 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1410 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1411 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1412 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1413 1414 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1415 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1416 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1417 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1418 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1419 1420 ZFS notes 1421 --------- 1422 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1423 these two steps: 1424 1425 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1426 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1427 1428 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1429 1430 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1431 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1432 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1433 1434 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1435 1436 To build a kernel 1437 ----------------- 1438 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1439 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1440 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1441 1442 make kernel-toolchain 1443 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1444 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1445 1446 To test a kernel once 1447 --------------------- 1448 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1449 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1450 debugging information) run 1451 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1452 nextboot -k testkernel 1453 1454 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1455 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1456 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1457 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1458 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1459 1460 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1461 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1462 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1463 make depend 1464 make 1465 make install 1466 1467 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1468 1469 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1470 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1471 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1472 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1473 1474 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1475 make buildworld 1476 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1477 [1] 1478 <reboot in single user> [3] 1479 mergemaster -p [5] 1480 make installworld 1481 mergemaster -i [4] 1482 make delete-old [6] 1483 <reboot> 1484 1485 1486 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1487 -------------------------------------------------- 1488 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1489 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1490 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1491 # size. 1492 1493 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1494 <boot into -stable> 1495 make buildworld 1496 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1497 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1498 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1499 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1500 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1501 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1502 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1503 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1504 <reboot into current> 1505 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1506 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1507 <reboot> 1508 1509 1510 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1511 ---------------------------------------------- 1512 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1513 make buildworld [9] 1514 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1515 [1] 1516 <reboot in single user> [3] 1517 mergemaster -p [5] 1518 make installworld 1519 mergemaster -i [4] 1520 make delete-old [6] 1521 <reboot> 1522 1523 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1524 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1525 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1526 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1527 the UPDATING entries. 1528 1529 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1530 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1531 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1532 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1533 much fewer pitfalls. 1534 1535 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1536 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1537 system on reboot. 1538 1539 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1540 fsck -p 1541 mount -u / 1542 mount -a 1543 cd src 1544 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1545 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1546 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1547 1548 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1549 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1550 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1551 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1552 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1553 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1554 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1555 1556 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1557 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1558 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1559 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1560 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1561 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1562 1563 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1564 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1565 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1566 1567 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1568 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1569 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1570 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1571 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1572 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1573 1574 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1575 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1576 1577 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1578 cvs prune empty directories. 1579 1580 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1581 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1582 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1583 1584 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1585 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1586 warn if it is improperly defined. 1587FORMAT: 1588 1589This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1590breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1591list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1592If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1593to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1594 1595Copyright information: 1596 1597Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1598 1599Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1600modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1601document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1602 1603THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1604IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1605WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1606DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1607INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1608(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1609SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1610HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1611STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1612IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1613POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1614 1615Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1616this document. 1617 1618$FreeBSD$ 1619