1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080820: 26 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 27 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 28 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 29 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 30 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 31 32 PCI/ISA: 33 cy, digi, rc, rp, si, sio 34 35 USB: 36 ubser, ucycom, ufoma 37 38 Line disciplines: 39 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 40 41 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 42 cause compilation to fail. 43 4420080713: 45 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 46 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 47 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 48 49 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 50 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 51 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 52 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 53 use the new device names. 54 55 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 56 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 57 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 58 at the loader prompt: 59 60 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 61 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 62 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 63 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 64 boot -s 65 6620080609: 67 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 68 disks instead. 69 7020080603: 71 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 72 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 73 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 74 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 75 7620080525: 77 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 78 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 79 8020080509: 81 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 82 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 83 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 84 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 85 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 86 8720080420: 88 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 89 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 90 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 91 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 92 For example, change: 93 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 94 to 95 wlans_ath0=wlan0 96 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 97 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 98 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 99 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 100 101 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 102 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 103 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 104 10520080408: 106 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 107 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 108 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 109 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 110 other operation levels. 111 11220080312: 113 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 114 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 115 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 116 compatibility with any prior release: 117 118 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 119 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 120 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 121 12220080301: 123 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 124 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 125 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 126 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 127 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 128 nonetheless. 129 13020080229: 131 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 132 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 133 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 134 with older hardware easier to do. 135 13620080220: 137 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 138 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 139 14020080211: 141 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 142 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 143 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 144 firewall rules. 145 14620080208: 147 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 148 mbuf chains. 149 15020080126: 151 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 152 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 153 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 154 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 155 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 156 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 157 third-party software might fail to build after this change 158 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 159 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 160 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 161 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 162 case that a portable fix is impossible. 163 16420080123: 165 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 166 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 167 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 168 16920071128: 170 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 171 functionality is the default now. 172 17320071118: 174 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 175 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 176 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 177 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 178 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 179 180 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 181 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 182 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 183 18420071024: 185 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 186 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 187 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 188 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 189 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 190 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 191 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 192 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 193 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 194 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 195 however. 196 19720071020: 198 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 199 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 200 used kproc_start().. 201 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 202 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 203 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 204 20520071010: 206 RELENG_7 branched. 207 20820071009: 209 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 210 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 211 21220070930: 213 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 214 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 215 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 216 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 217 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 218 21920070928: 220 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 221 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 222 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 223 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 224 rc.conf. 225 22620070921: 227 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 228 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 229 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 230 23120070704: 232 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 233 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 234 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 235 23620070702: 237 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 238 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 239 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 240 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 241 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 242 24320070701: 244 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 245 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 246 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 247 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 248 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 249 will change after some settling time. 250 25120070701: 252 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 253 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 254 information. 255 25620070612: 257 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 258 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 259 accordingly. 260 26120070612: 262 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 263 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 264 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 265 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 266 26720070612: 268 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 269 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 270 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 271 the IPv4 network stack. 272 273 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 274 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 275 has now been removed. 276 277 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 278 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 279 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 280 updated to reflect this. 281 282 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 283 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 284 interfaces. 285 28620070610: 287 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 288 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 289 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 290 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 291 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 292 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 293 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 294 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 295 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 296 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 297 operating properly. 298 29920070610: 300 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 301 function and starts providing an account management function. 302 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 303 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 304 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 305 306 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 307 308 and change it according to this example: 309 310 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 311 312 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 313 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 314 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 315 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 316 31720070529: 318 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 319 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 320 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 321 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 322 32320070516: 324 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 325 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 326 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 327 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 328 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 329 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 330 symbol. 331 33220070513: 333 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 334 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 335 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 336 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 337 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 338 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 339 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 340 341 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 342 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 343 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 344 34520070423: 346 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 347 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 348 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 349 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 350 35120070417: 352 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 353 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 354 35520070408: 356 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 357 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 358 base operating system should be recompiled. 359 36020070302: 361 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 362 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 363 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 364 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 365 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 366 36720070228: 368 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 369 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 370 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 371 deprecated in previous releases. 372 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 373 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 374 37520070224: 376 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 377 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 378 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 379 sync. For more info: 380 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 381 38220070224: 383 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 384 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 385 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 386 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 387 38820070214: 389 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 390 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 391 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 392 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 393 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 394 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 395 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 396 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 397 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 398 39920070210: 400 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 401 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 402 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 403 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 404 ip_mroute.ko module. 405 40620070207: 407 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 408 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 409 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 410 mrouted.conf. 411 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 412 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 413 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 414 41520061221: 416 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 417 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 418 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 419 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 420 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 421 in the loader. 422 42320061214: 424 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 425 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 426 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 427 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 428 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 429 43020061214: 431 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 432 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 433 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 434 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 435 43620061205: 437 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 438 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 439 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 440 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 441 linux module. 442 44320061126: 444 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 445 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 446 with exceptions of followings: 447 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 448 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 449 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 450 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 451 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 452 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 453 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 454 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 455 45620061122: 457 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 458 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 459 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 460 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 461 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 462 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 463 464 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 465 466 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 467 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 468 the array the same way you built it originally. 469 47020061122: 471 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 472 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 473 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 474 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 475 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 476 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 477 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 478 47920061113: 480 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 481 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 482 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 483 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 484 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 485 48620061110: 487 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 488 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 489 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 490 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 491 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 492 49320061026: 494 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 495 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 496 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 497 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 498 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 499 added to 'struct proc'. 500 50120060929: 502 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 503 50420060927: 505 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 506 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 507 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 508 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 509 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 510 51120060924: 512 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 513 51420060913: 515 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 516 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 517 systat needs to be rebuilt. 518 51920060903: 520 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 521 52220060816: 523 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 524 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 525 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 526 52720060725: 528 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 529 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 530 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 531 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 532 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 533 53420060709: 535 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 536 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 537 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 538 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 539 54020060627: 541 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 542 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 543 accordingly. 544 54520060514: 546 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 547 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 548 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 549 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 550 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 551 55220060511: 553 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 554 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 555 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 556 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 557 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 558 `make installworld' with: 559 560 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 561 562 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 563 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 564 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 565 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 566 56720060412: 568 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 569 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 570 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 571 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 572 rewrite rules. 573 57420060428: 575 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 576 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 577 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 578 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 579 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 580 implements the interface to support it. 581 58220060330: 583 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 584 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 585 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 586 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 587 functional. 588 58920060317: 590 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 591 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 592 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 593 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 594 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 595 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 596 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 597 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 598 likely follow. Posting to current@: 599 600 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 601 60220060305: 603 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 604 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 605 60620060303: 607 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 608 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 609 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 610 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 611 its dependencies. 612 61320060204: 614 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 615 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 616 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 617 61820060201: 619 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 620 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 621 62220060118: 623 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 624 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 625 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 626 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 627 on your next install. 628 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 629 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 630 to your /etc/make.conf. 631 63220060113: 633 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 634 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 635 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 636 63720060112: 638 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 639 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 640 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 641 64220060106: 643 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 644 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 645 64620060106: 647 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 648 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 649 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 650 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 651 65220051231: 653 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 654 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 655 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 656 65720051211: 658 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 659 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 660 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 661 accordingly. 662 66320051202: 664 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 665 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 666 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 667 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 668 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 669 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 670 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 671 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 672 67320051129: 674 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 675 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 676 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 677 67820051129: 679 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 680 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 681 68220051108: 683 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 684 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 685 68620051029: 687 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 688 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 689 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 690 69120051014: 692 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 693 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 694 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 695 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 696 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 697 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 698 modules afterwards. 699 70020051001: 701 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 702 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 703 70420050927: 705 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 706 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 707 70820050722: 709 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 710 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 711 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 712 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 713 architecture. 714 71520050711: 716 RELENG_6 branched here. 717 71820050629: 719 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 720 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 721 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 722 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 723 removable_interfaces. 724 72520050616: 726 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 727 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 728 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 729 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 730 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 731 affect existing configurations. 732 73320050610: 734 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 735 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 736 updated to the new APIs. 737 73820050609: 739 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 740 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 741 will not behave correctly. 742 743 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 744 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 745 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 746 74720050606: 748 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 749 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 750 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 751 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 752 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 753 754 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 755 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 756 anyway). 757 75820050605: 759 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 760 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 761 76220050603: 763 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 764 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 765 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 766 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 767 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 768 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 769 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 770 77120050528: 772 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 773 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 774 fail after this date. For full details, please see 775 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 776 77720050503: 778 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 779 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 780 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 781 78220050415: 783 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 784 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 785 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 786 should be updated. 787 78820050227: 789 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 790 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 791 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 792 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 793 79420050225: 795 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 796 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 797 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 798 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 799 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 800 none at this point.) 801 80220050224: 803 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 804 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 805 80620050223: 807 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 808 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 809 with the new kernel. 810 81120050223: 812 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 813 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 814 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 815 81620050220: 817 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 818 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 819 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 820 if you have updated the kernel. 821 822 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 823 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 824 mounting the new volume. 825 82620050206: 827 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 828 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 829 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 830 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 831 83220050206: 833 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 834 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 835 83620050114: 837 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 838 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 839 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 840 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 841 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 842 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 843 84420041221: 845 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 846 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 847 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 848 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 849 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 850 85120041219: 852 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 853 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 854 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 855 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 856 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 857 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 858 and wlan_xauth as required. 859 86020041213: 861 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 862 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 863 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 864 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 865 reflect the change. 866 86720041201: 868 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 869 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 870 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 871 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 872 the module when a wep key is configured). 873 87420041201: 875 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 876 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 877 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 878 87920041116: 880 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 881 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 882 88320041110: 884 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 885 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 886 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 887 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 888 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 889 their /etc/rc scripts. 890 89120041104: 892 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 893 89420041102: 895 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 896 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 897 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 898 89920041022: 900 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 901 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 902 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 903 90420041016: 905 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 906 in the RELENG_5 branch. 907 908COMMON ITEMS: 909 910 General Notes 911 ------------- 912 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 913 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 914 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 915 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 916 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 917 on the -current branch). 918 919 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 920 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 921 environment when searching for values for global variables. 922 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 923 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 924 page for more details. 925 926 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 927 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 928 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 929 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 930 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 931 version upgrade. 932 933 To build a kernel 934 ----------------- 935 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 936 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 937 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 938 939 make kernel-toolchain 940 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 941 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 942 943 To test a kernel once 944 --------------------- 945 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 946 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 947 debugging information) run 948 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 949 nextboot -k testkernel 950 951 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 952 -------------------------------------------------------------- 953 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 954 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 955 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 956 957 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 958 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 959 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 960 make depend 961 make 962 make install 963 964 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 965 966 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 967 ----------------------------------------------------------- 968 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 969 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 970 971 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 972 make buildworld 973 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 974 [1] 975 <reboot in single user> [3] 976 mergemaster -p [5] 977 make installworld 978 make delete-old 979 mergemaster [4] 980 <reboot> 981 982 983 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 984 -------------------------------------------------- 985 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 986 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 987 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 988 # size. 989 990 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 991 <boot into -stable> 992 make buildworld 993 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 994 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 995 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 996 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 997 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 998 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 999 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1000 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1001 <reboot into current> 1002 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1003 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 1004 <reboot> 1005 1006 1007 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1008 ---------------------------------------------- 1009 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1010 make buildworld [9] 1011 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1012 [1] 1013 <reboot in single user> [3] 1014 mergemaster -p [5] 1015 make installworld 1016 make delete-old 1017 mergemaster -i [4] 1018 <reboot> 1019 1020 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1021 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1022 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1023 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1024 the UPDATING entries. 1025 1026 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1027 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1028 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1029 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1030 much fewer pitfalls. 1031 1032 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1033 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1034 system on reboot. 1035 1036 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1037 fsck -p 1038 mount -u / 1039 mount -a 1040 cd src 1041 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1042 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1043 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1044 1045 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1046 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1047 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1048 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1049 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1050 for potential gotchas. 1051 1052 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1053 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1054 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1055 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1056 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1057 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1058 1059 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1060 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1061 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1062 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1063 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1064 1065 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1066 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1067 1068 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1069 cvs prune empty directories. 1070 1071 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1072 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1073 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1074 1075 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1076 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1077 warn if it is improperly defined. 1078FORMAT: 1079 1080This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1081breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1082and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1083previous releases if your system is older than this. 1084 1085Copyright information: 1086 1087Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1088 1089Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1090modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1091document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1092 1093THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1094IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1095WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1096DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1097INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1098(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1099SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1100HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1101STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1102IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1103POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1104 1105If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1106author a beer. 1107 1108Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1109this document. 1110 1111$FreeBSD$ 1112