xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 5e53a4f90f82c4345f277dd87cc9292f26e04a29)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/current-stable.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
34
35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
36
37	Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in
38	the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade
39	either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including
40	10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and
41	11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so
42	you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the
43	stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade.
44	stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs
45	from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on
46	the last couple of stable branches, so be careful.
47
48	If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang
49	compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system
50	will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder.
51
52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
53
54201711xx:
55	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
56	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
57	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
58
5920171106:
60	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
61	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
62	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
63	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
64	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
65
6620171102:
67	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
68	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
69	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
70	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
71	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
72	environment.
73
7420171101:
75	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
76	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
77	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
78	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
79	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
80	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
81	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
82	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
83	than hardcoding paths.
84
8520171028:
86	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
87	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
88	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
89
9020171021:
91	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
92	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
93	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
94	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
95
9620171010:
97	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
98	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
99
10020171005:
101	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
102	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
103	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
104	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
105
10620171003:
107	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
108	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
109	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
110	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
111	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
112
11320170912:
114	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
115	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
116	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
117	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
118	/etc/ctl.conf .
119
12020170912:
121	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
122	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
123	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
124	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
125	soft-float everything else should be affected.
126
12720170826:
128	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
129	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
130
13120170825:
132	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
133	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
134	to complete.
135
13620170814:
137	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
138	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
139	${TESTSDIR}.
140
141	Behavioral changes:
142	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
143	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
144	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
145	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
146
147	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
148	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
149	sandbox if successful.
150
151	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
152	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
153	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
154	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
155	an unprivileged user.
156
15720170808:
158	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
159	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
160	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
161	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
162	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
163	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
164	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
165	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
166	forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
167	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
168	to which you should answer yes.
169
17020170728:
171	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
172	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
173	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
174	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
175	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
176
17720170722:
178	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
179	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
180	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
181
18220170701:
183	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
184	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
185
18620170625:
187	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
188	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
189	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
190	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
191	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
192	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
193	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
194
19520170623:
196	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
197	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
198	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
199	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
200	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
201	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
202
20320170620:
204	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
205	if you require the GPL compiler.
206
20720170618:
208	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
209	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
210	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
211
21220170617:
213	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
214	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
215	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
216	followed.
217
21820170531:
219	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
220	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
221	from ports (and recommends to install it).
222	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
223	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
224	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
225
22620170524:
227	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
228	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
229	which only require one chipset support.
230
231	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
232
233	if_ath_load="YES"
234
235	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
236	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
237	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
238
239	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
240	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
241
242	* load ath_hal
243	* load the chip modules in question
244	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
245	* load ath_main
246	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
247	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
248
249	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
250
25120170523:
252	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
253	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
254	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
255
256	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
257	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
258	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
259
260	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
261	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
262	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
263	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
264	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
265	installing world.
266
26720170424:
268	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
269	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
270	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
271
27220170420:
273	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
274	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
275	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
276
27720170413:
278	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
279	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
280	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
281	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
282	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
283	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
284	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
285
28620170407:
287	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
288	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
289	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
290	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
291
29220170405:
293	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
294	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
295	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
296
29720170331:
298	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
299	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
300	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
301
30220170329:
303	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
304	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
305
306	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
307	via one of the following methods:
308	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
309	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
310	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
311	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
312
313	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
314
31520170316:
316	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
317	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
318	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
319	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
320	with mmc.ko).
321
32220170315:
323	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
324	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
325	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
326	be prefixed with colon.
327
32820170311:
329	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
330	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
331	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
332
33320170302:
334	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
335	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
336	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
337
33820170221:
339	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
340	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
341	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
342	change.
343
34420170216:
345	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
346	valid.
347
34820170215:
349	MCA bus support has been removed.
350
35120170127:
352	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
353	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
354
35520170112:
356	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
357	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
358
35920170109:
360	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
361	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
362	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
363
36420161217:
365	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
366	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
367	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
368
36920161124:
370	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
371	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
372	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
373
37420161119:
375	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
376	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
377	that link against it need to be recompiled.
378
37920161030:
380	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
381	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
382	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
383	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
384
38520161017:
386	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
387	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
388	parts.
389	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
390	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
391
39220161015:
393	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
394	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
395	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
396	removed from base.
397
39820161008:
399	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
400	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
401	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
402
40320161003:
404	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
405	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
406
40720160924:
408	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
409	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
410	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
411	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
412
41320160918:
414	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
415	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
416	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
417	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
418	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
419
42020160918:
421	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
422
42320160908:
424	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
425	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
426	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
427	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
428
42920160824:
430	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
431	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
432	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
433	to 1200005.
434
43520160818:
436	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
437	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
438	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
439	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
440	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
441	0.
442
44320160818:
444	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
445	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
446
44720160622:
448	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
449	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
450	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
451	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
452	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
453	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
454	kernel.
455
45620160527:
457	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
458	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
459	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
460	previously contained a line like
461	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
462	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
463	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
464	generally be fine.
465
46620160523:
467	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
468	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
469	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
470	built with the old headers.
471
47220160520:
473	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
474	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
475	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
476	installing a new libc.
477
47820160517:
479	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
480	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
481	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
482	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
483	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
484	packages will be needed.
485
486	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
487	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
488	and the install steps.
489
49020160510:
491	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
492	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
493	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
494	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
495	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
496	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
497
49820160414:
499	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
500	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
501	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
502	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
503	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
504
505		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
506		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
507		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
508		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
509		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
510
511	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
512	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
513	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
514	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
515	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
516	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
517	vendors work.
518
519	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
520	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
521		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
522	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
523	quirks entry to 0x3.
524
52520160330:
526	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
527	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
528	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
529
53020160317:
531	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
532	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
533
53420160311:
535	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
536	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
537	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
538	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
539	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
540	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
541	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
542	stale .depend files.
543
54420160306:
545	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
546	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
547	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
548	rebooting, e.g.:
549
550	make buildworld
551	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
552	make -C sys/boot install
553	<reboot in single user>
554
555	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
556	below.
557
55820160305:
559	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
560	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
561	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
562
56320160301:
564	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
565	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
566	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
567	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
568	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
569	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
570
57120160226:
572	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
573	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
574	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
575	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
576	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
577
57820160129:
579	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
580	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
581	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
582	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
583	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
584
58520160119:
586	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
587	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
588
58920160113:
590	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
591	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
592	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
593
59420151216:
595	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
596	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
597	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
598	other loaders.
599
60020151211:
601	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
602	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
603	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
604	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
605	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
606	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
607
60820151207:
609	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
610	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
611	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
612	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
613	in src.conf(5).
614
61520151130:
616	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
617	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
618	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
619
62020151108:
621	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
622	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
623	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
624
625	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
626	collation results will be different.
627
628	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
629	locales before running make installworld.
630
631	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
632
63320151030:
634	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
635	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
636
63720151020:
638	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
639	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
640	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
641
64220151017:
643	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
644	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
645	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
646	and 'make -N' will not.
647
64820151012:
649	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
650	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
651	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
652	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
653	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
654	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
655	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
656	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
657
65820151011:
659	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
660	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
661	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
662	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
663
66420151006:
665	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
666	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
667	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
668
66920150924:
670	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
671	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
672	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
673	userland debug files.
674
675	When using the supported kernel installation method the
676	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
677	as is done with /boot/kernel.
678
679	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
680	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
681
68220150827:
683	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
684	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
685	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
686	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
687	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
688	rc.d scripts in /etc.
689
69020150827:
691	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
692	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
693	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
694
69520150817:
696	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
697	them, the kernel must have
698
699	device	random
700	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
701
702	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
703	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
704	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
705	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
706
707	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
708	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
709
71020150813:
711	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
712	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
713	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
714
71520150810:
716	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
717	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
718	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
719	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
720
721	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
722	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
723	difference with this change.
724
725	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
726	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
727	remove that workaround.
728
72920150809:
730	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
731	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
732	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
733	with:
734
735	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
736
73720150806:
738	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
739	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
740	loader.rc.local instead.
741
74220150805:
743	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
744	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
745	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
746
74720150728:
748	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
749	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
750	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
751
752	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
753	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
754
75520150706:
756	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
757	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
758	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
759	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
760	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
761	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
762	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
763	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
764	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
765	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
766	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
767	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
768
76920150630:
770	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
771	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
772
773	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
774	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
775	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
776
777	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
778	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
779
780	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
781	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
782	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
783
784	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
785	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
786	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
787	and it is assumed you know what you need.
788
789	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
790	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
791	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
792	behaviour from your security subsystems.
793
794	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
795	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
796	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
797	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
798	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
799	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
800	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
801	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
802	will never happen.
803
80420150623:
805	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
806	entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
807
80820150616:
809	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
810	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
811
81220150615:
813	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
814	below has been been committed in revision 284436.  The work
815	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
816	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
817	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
818
81920150614:
820	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
821	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
822	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
823	with Kyuafile and kyua.
824
82520150614:
826	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
827	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
828	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
829	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
830	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
831	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
832	2048 bit DH parameter by:
833
834	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
835	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
836	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
837	   replace it with '2'.
838	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
839	   a file path, create a new file with:
840		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
841	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
842		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
843	5. Restart sendmail:
844		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
845
846	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
847	updated.
848
84920150604:
850	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
851	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
852	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
853	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
854	5.x.
855
856	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
857
85820150525:
859	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
860	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
861	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
862
86320150521:
864	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
865	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
866	and Pandaboard:
867
868	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
869	  same but content is different now
870	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
871	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
872	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
873	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
874	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
875
87620150501:
877	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
878	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
879	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
880
88120150423:
882	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
883	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
884
88520150415:
886	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
887	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
888
88920150416:
890	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
891	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
892	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
893
89420150324:
895	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
896	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
897	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
898	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
899
90020150315:
901	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
902	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
903	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
904
90520150307:
906	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
907	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
908	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
909	kernel before rebooting.
910
91120150217:
912	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
913	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
914	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
915	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
916	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
917	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
918
91920150210:
920	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
921	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
922	with the new kernel.
923
92420150131:
925	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
926	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
927	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
928
92920150118:
930	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
931	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
932	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
933	are not already using 3.5.0.
934
93520150107:
936	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
937	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
938	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
939	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
940	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
941
94220150105:
943	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
944	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
945	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
946	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
947
94820150102:
949	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
950	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
951
95220141231:
953	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
954
955	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
956	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
957	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
958	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
959	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
960	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
961	later.
962
963	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
964	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
965	of the box.
966
967	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
968	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
969	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
970	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
971
972	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
973	the instructions for 9.x above.
974
975	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
976	default, and do not build clang.
977
978	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
979	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
980	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
981
982	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
983	the following are most likely to appear:
984
985	-Wabsolute-value
986
987	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
988	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
989	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
990	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
991	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
992	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
993	  cast, or disable the warning.
994
995	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
996	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
997	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
998	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
999	  side-effects.
1000
1001	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1002	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1003
1004	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1005	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1006	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1007	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1008
1009	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1010	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1011	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1012	unreachable could be optimized away.
1013
101420141222:
1015	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1016	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1017	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1018	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1019	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1020	the utilities will report errors.
1021
102220141121:
1023	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1024	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1025	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1026	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1027	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1028	LOCAL_DIRS.
1029
103020141109:
1031	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1032	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1033
103420141104:
1035	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1036	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1037	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1038	drivers.
1039
1040	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1041	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1042	indicate what you need to do.
1043
1044	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1045	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1046	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1047
1048	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1049	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1050	  kern.vty=sc
1051
105220141102:
1053	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1054	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1055	execute it.
1056
105720141009:
1058	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1059	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1060	devel/gperf port.
1061
106220140923:
1063	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1064	contrib/pjdfstest .
1065
106620140922:
1067	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1068	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1069	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1070	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1071	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1072	their next update cycle.
1073
107420140729:
1075	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1076	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1077	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1078	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1079	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1080
108120140723:
1082	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1083	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1084
108520140719:
1086	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1087	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1088	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1089	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1090	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1091	new configuration.
1092
109320140709:
1094	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1095	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1096	them again.
1097	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1098
109920140708:
1100	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1101	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1102	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1103	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1104	requires readline.
1105
110620140702:
1107	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1108	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1109	architecture.
1110
111120140701:
1112	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1113	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1114	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1115	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1116	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1117
111820140629:
1119	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1120	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1121	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1122
112320140619:
1124	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1125	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1126	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1127
112820140606:
1129	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1130	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1131	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1132	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1133	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1134	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1135	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1136	"make installworld".
1137
1138	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1139	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1140	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1141	is run.
1142
1143	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1144	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1145	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1146	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1147	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1148
114920140512:
1150	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1151
115220140508:
1153	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1154	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1155	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1156
115720140505:
1158	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1159	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1160	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1161	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1162	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1163	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1164	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1165	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1166	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1167	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1168	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1169	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1170
1171	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1172	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1173	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1174	as well.
1175
117620140430:
1177	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1178	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1179
118020140424:
1181	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1182	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1183	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1184	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1185	build hosts for older releases.
1186
1187	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1188	r276991, respectively.
1189
119020140418:
1191	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1192	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1193	will silently lack HESIOD.
1194
119520140405:
1196	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1197	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1198	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1199	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1200	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1201	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1202	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1203	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1204	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1205	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1206	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1207	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1208
120920140306:
1210	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1211	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1212	with command line option -W.
1213
121420140226:
1215	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1216	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1217	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1218	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1219	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1220
122120140216:
1222	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1223
122420140216:
1225	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1226	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1227
122820140212:
1229	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1230	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1231	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1232	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1233	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1234
123520140204:
1236	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1237	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1238	kernel is still highly recommended.
1239
124020140131:
1241	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1242	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1243	capability mode support in kernel.
1244
124520140128:
1246	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1247	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1248	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1249	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1250	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1251
125220140110:
1253	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1254	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1255	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1256	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1257	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1258	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1259
126020131213:
1261	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1262	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1263	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1264	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1265	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1266	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1267	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1268	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1269	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1270
127120131108:
1272	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1273	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1274	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1275	should change your settings to use the latter.
1276
127720131025:
1278	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1279	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1280	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1281	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1282	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1283
128420131014:
1285	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1286	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1287	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1288	delete-old-libs":
1289	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1290	  or
1291	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1292
129320131010:
1294	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1295	revision r256279.
1296
129720131010:
1298	The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1299	configuration file.  The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1300	for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1301	/var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1302	This is transparently backward compatible.  See below about some
1303	incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1304
1305	These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1306	file.  One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1307	a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1308	running the jail(8) utility.   The default pathname of the
1309	configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1310	using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1311
1312	Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1313	this moment.  Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1314	with an integer.
1315
131620130930:
1317	BIND has been removed from the base system.  If all you need
1318	is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1319	service instead.  Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1320	available in the ports tree.   The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1321
1322	With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1323	system.  Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1324	in the base system.  Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1325	be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1326
132720130916:
1328	With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1329	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1330	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1331
133220130911:
1333	OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1334	silently trust signed SSHFP records.  This can be controlled with
1335	the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting.  DNSSEC support
1336	can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1337
133820130906:
1339	The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1340	are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1341	compiler.  You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1342	options in src.conf.
1343
134420130905:
1345	The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1346	configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1347	If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1348	'options PROCDESC'.
1349
135020130905:
1351	The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1352	in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1353	have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1354	following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1355	advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1356	kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1357
135820130903:
1359	AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc.  The AES-NI module
1360	has been updated to use this support.  A new gcc is required to build
1361	the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1362
136320130821:
1364	The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1365	Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1366	used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1367
136820130813:
1369	WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets.  WITH_ICONV now
1370	enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1371	WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1372	compatibility.  Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1373	If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1374	need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1375
137620130806:
1377	INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1378	Illumos origin, including ZFS.  If you have INVARIANTS in your
1379	kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1380	explicitly.
1381	DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1382	locks if WITNESS option was set.  Because that generated a lot of
1383	witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1384	positives, this is no longer done.  New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1385	can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1386
138720130806:
1388	Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1389	of time_second.  Although this is not a user-visible functional
1390	change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1391	rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1392	to r253970 or later.
1393
139420130802:
1395	find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1396	instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1397	not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1398	would result:
1399
1400	find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1401
1402	Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1403	without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1404	directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1405	old as well as the new version of find.
1406
140720130726:
1408	Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1409	Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1410	path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1411	slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1412	subdirectories must be reviewed.
1413
141420130716:
1415	The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1416	incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1417	need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1418
1419	To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1420
1421	NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1422	users are advised to upgrade.
1423
142420130709:
1425	pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1426	you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1427
142820130709:
1429	Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1430	keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1431	statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1432
143320130618:
1434	Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1435	to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1436	even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1437	write access to that file.
1438
143920130615:
1440	CVS has been removed from the base system.  An exact copy
1441	of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1442
144320130613:
1444	Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1445
1446		make: illegal option -- J
1447		usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1448			...
1449		*** [buildworld] Error code 2
1450
1451	this likely due to an old instance of make in
1452	${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1453	which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1454	you see the above error:
1455
1456		rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1457
1458	should resolve it.
1459
146020130516:
1461	Use bmake by default.
1462	Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1463	-DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1464	make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1465
1466	It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1467	line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1468	command line.  Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1469	than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1470	behavior in parallel build.
1471
147220130429:
1473	Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1474
147520130426:
1476	The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1477	the IDEA patent expired.
1478
147920130426:
1480	The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1481	from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1482	enabled by default.
1483
148420130425:
1485	The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1486	rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1487	order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1488	install and mtree.  When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1489	the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1490	install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1491	This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1492	&& make install).
1493
149420130404:
1495	Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1496	FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources.  Kernel modules
1497	atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1498	removed.  Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1499	and removed.
1500
150120130319:
1502	SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1503	and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1504	automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1505	binaries will not work on older kernels.
1506
150720130308:
1508	CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1509	information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1510
151120130304:
1512	Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1513	so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1514	in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1515	by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1516	is requested.
1517
1518	The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1519	but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1520	option) to save memory.  To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1521	option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1522	in /boot/loader.conf.
1523
152420130301:
1525	The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1526	This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1527	initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1528	a CAM target device was created.  This makes a FreeBSD system
1529	unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1530
153120130208:
1532	A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD.  Please
1533	refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1534
1535	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1536	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1537
153820130129:
1539	A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1540	as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1541	To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1542	while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1543	and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1544
154520130121:
1546	Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1547	and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1548	make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1549	command line.  If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1550	you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1551	/etc/src.conf.
1552
155320130118:
1554	The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1555	argument that is a file or path to append logs to.  In the
1556	unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1557	and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1558	directory the first file will have logs appended to it.  The -M
1559	option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1560	use is expected to be extremely rare.
1561
156220121223:
1563	After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1564	on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1565	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1566
156720121222:
1568	GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1569	Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1570	'%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1571	be updated.
1572
157320121217:
1574	By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved.  To
1575	restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1576	stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1577
1578		savecore_flags=""
1579
158020121201:
1581	With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1582	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1583	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1584
158520121117:
1586	The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1587	filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1588	sysctl or routing socket.  This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1589	id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1590	This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1591	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1592
159320121105:
1594	On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1595	This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1596	and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1597	and /usr/bin/cpp.  To disable this behavior and revert to building
1598	with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1599	of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1600	build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1601	branch point).
1602
160320121102:
1604	The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1605	functionality now turned on by default.
1606
160720121023:
1608	The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1609	split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1610	NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1611	mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1612	NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1613	driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1614	Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1615	consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1616	of the two kernel options.
1617
161820121023:
1619	The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1620	order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1621	with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1622	pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1623
162420121022:
1625	Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1626	VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1627	recompiled.
1628
162920121018:
1630	All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1631	the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1632	portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1633
163420121016:
1635	The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1636	modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1637	ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1638	vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1639	faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1640
164120121015:
1642	The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1643	Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1644	No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1645	load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1646
164720121014:
1648	Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1649
165020121013:
1651	The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1652	sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1653	problems have been reported.  The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1654	knob has also gone.
1655
165620121006:
1657	The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1658	filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1659	with new kernel.
1660
166120121001:
1662	The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1663	PS-POLL and power-save support.  All wireless drivers need to be
1664	recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1665
166620120913:
1667	The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1668	generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1669	Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1670	needed.  The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1671	device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1672	configurations.
1673
167420120908:
1675	The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1676	snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1677
167820120828:
1679	A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1680	to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1681	imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1682	this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1683	manual page.
1684
168520120727:
1686	The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1687	detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1688	to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1689
169020120712:
1691	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c.  Any binaries requiring
1692	libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled.  Also, there are
1693	configuration changes.  Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1694
169520120712:
1696	The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1697	with other variables:
1698	  kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered   -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1699	  kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1700
170120120628:
1702	The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort.  For now, GNU sort
1703	is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1704	GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT.  In this case, BSD sort will be
1705	installed as "bsdsort".
1706
170720120611:
1708	A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1709	Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1710	is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1711	compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1712	pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1713	is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1714	read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1715	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1716	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1717
171820120417:
1719	The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1720	as contrib/jemalloc.  The most disruptive API change is to
1721	/etc/malloc.conf.  If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1722	delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1723	new format after rebooting.  See malloc.conf(5) for details
1724	(specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1725	NAMESPACE section).
1726
172720120328:
1728	Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb".  mips64eb
1729	is now spelled mips64.  mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32.  mipseb is
1730	now spelled mips.  This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1731	software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3).  Little-endian
1732	settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1733	from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1734	your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1735
173620120306:
1737	Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1738	platforms.
1739
174020120229:
1741	Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on	nullfs(5). Previously
1742	nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1743	as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1744	only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1745	only to	the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1746	lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1747
174820120211:
1749	The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1750	If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1751	recompile libc again with your kernel.  You still need to recompile
1752	world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1753	comes from 20111215.
1754
175520120114:
1756	The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr.  All
1757	base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1758	port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1759	hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1760
1761	An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1762	rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1763
176420120109:
1765	panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1766	on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1767	This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1768	tunable/sysctl.
1769	The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1770
177120111215:
1772	The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1773	of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1774	of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1775	for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1776	not supported anymore.
1777
1778	Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1779	utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1780	need to be recompiled.
1781
178220111122:
1783	The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1784	/dev/wmistat0.
1785
178620111108:
1787	The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1788	explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1789	It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1790	time.
1791
179220111101:
1793	The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1794	i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1795
179620110930:
1797	sysinstall has been removed
1798
179920110923:
1800	The stable/9 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
1801	RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1802
1803COMMON ITEMS:
1804
1805	General Notes
1806	-------------
1807	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1808	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1809	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1810	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1811	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1812	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1813	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1814
1815	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1816	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1817	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1818	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1819	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1820
1821	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1822	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1823	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1824	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1825	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1826	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgade from
1827	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1828	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1829	an exception.
1830
1831	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1832	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1833	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1834	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1835
1836	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1837	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1838	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1839	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1840	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1841	should write them with this in mind.
1842
1843	ZFS notes
1844	---------
1845	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1846	these two steps:
1847
1848	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1849	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1850
1851	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1852
1853	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1854	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1855	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1856
1857	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1858
1859	To build a kernel
1860	-----------------
1861	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1862	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1863	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1864
1865	make kernel-toolchain
1866	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1867	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1868
1869	To test a kernel once
1870	---------------------
1871	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1872	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1873	debugging information) run
1874	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1875	nextboot -k testkernel
1876
1877	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1878	-----------------------------------------------------------
1879	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1880	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1881
1882	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1883	make buildworld
1884	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1885	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1886							[1]
1887	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1888	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1889	make installworld
1890	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1891	make delete-old					[6]
1892	<reboot>
1893
1894	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1895	--------------------------------------------------
1896	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1897	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1898	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1899	# size.
1900
1901	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1902	<boot into -stable>
1903	make buildworld
1904	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1905	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1906	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1907	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1908	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1909	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1910	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1911	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1912	<reboot into current>
1913	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1914	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1915	<reboot>
1916
1917
1918	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1919	----------------------------------------------
1920	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1921	make buildworld					[9]
1922	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
1923							[1]
1924	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1925	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1926	make installworld
1927	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1928	make delete-old					[6]
1929	<reboot>
1930
1931	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1932	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1933	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1934	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1935	the UPDATING entries.
1936
1937	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1938	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1939	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1940	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1941	much fewer pitfalls.
1942
1943	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1944	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1945	system on reboot.
1946
1947	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1948		fsck -p
1949		mount -u /
1950		mount -a
1951		cd src
1952		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1953	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1954	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1955
1956	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1957	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1958	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1959	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1960	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1961	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1962	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1963
1964	[5] Usually this step is a noop.  However, from time to time
1965	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1966	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1967	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1968	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1969	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1970
1971	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1972	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1973	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1974
1975	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1976	do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1977	your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1978	hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1979	required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.  And so on
1980	for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1981
1982	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1983	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1984
1985	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1986	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1987	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1988
1989	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1990	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1991	warn if it is improperly defined.
1992FORMAT:
1993
1994This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1995breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1996list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1997If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1998to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1999
2000Copyright information:
2001
2002Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
2003
2004Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2005modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2006document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2007
2008THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2009IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2010WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2011DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2012INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2013(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2014SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2015HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2016STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2017IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2018POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2019
2020Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2021this document.
2022
2023$FreeBSD$
2024