xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 5ac766ab8ec23e780f108b7903d46e553d5e39d1)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020211230:
31	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
32	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
33	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
34	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
35	reflect this change.
36
3720211214:
38	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
39	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
40
4120211209:
42	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
43	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
44	the coming days and weeks.
45
46	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
47	or touch
48		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
49		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
50		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
51		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
52	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
53
5420211202:
55	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
56	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
57	statement in unbound.conf:
58		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
59
60	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
61
62	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
63	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
64	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
65	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
66	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
67	such names when roaming to different homenets.
68
6920211110:
70	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
71	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
72	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
73	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
74	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
75	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
76	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
77	The GENERIC configuation includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
78	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
79	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
80	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
81
8220211118:
83	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
84	tree shortly.
85
8620211106:
87	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
88	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
89	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
90	may need to be modified.
91
9220211022:
93	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
94	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
95	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
96
9720211020:
98	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
99	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
100
101	# chsh -s csh
102
10320211004:
104	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
105	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
106	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
107	this change.
108
10920210923:
110	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
111	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
112	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
113	list of modules to load on their systems.
114
11520210922:
116	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
117	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
118	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
119	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
120
12120210911:
122	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
123	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
124	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
125	being loaded.
126
12720210817:
128	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
129	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
130	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
131	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
132	application-specific configuration option for applications
133	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
134
13520210811:
136	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
137	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
138
13920210730:
140	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
141	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
142	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
143	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
144
14520210729:
146	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
147	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
148	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
149
15020210716:
151	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
152	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
153	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
154
15520210715:
156	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
157	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
158	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
159	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
160	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
161	to update your sources past the above hash and do
162		% cd usr.bin/awk
163		% make clean all
164		% sudo -E make install
165	to enable building kernels again.
166
16720210708:
168	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
169	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
170	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
171
17220210707:
173	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
174	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
175
17620210624:
177	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
178	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
179	for NFSv4 mounts.
180	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
181
18220210618:
183	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
184	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
185	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
186	additions and others.
187
18820210618:
189	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
190	renamed to "untrusted".
191
19220210611:
193	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
194	please install the svn package or port.
195
19620210611:
197	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
198	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
199	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
200
20120210610:
202	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
203
20420210608:
205	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
206	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
207https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
208	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
209	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
210	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
211	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
212
21320210525:
214	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
215	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
216	comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this.
217
21820210513:
219	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
220	libraries and utilities are packaged.
221	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
222	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
223	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
224	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
225	on the system.
226
22720210426:
228	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
229	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
230	need to be rebuilt from sources.
231	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
232	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
233	is not recommended.
234
23520210411:
236	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
237	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
238	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
239	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
240	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
241	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
242
24320210330:
244	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
245	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
246	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
247	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
248
24920210225:
250	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
251	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
252	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
253
25420210128:
255	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
256	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003
257	update.
258
25920210108:
260	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
261	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
262	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
263	since it was bumped so recently.
264
26520210107:
266	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
267	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
268	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
269	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
270
27120210105:
272	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
273	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
274	requires a clean build.
275
27620201223:
277	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
278	instructions can be found at
279	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
280	and other documents in that repo.
281
28220201216:
283	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
284	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
285	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
286	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
287
28820201215:
289	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
290	may be installed from ports or packages.
291
29220201124:
293	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
294	See ping(8) for details.
295
29620201108:
297	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
298	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
299	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
300
30120201030:
302	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
303	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
304	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
305	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
306	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
307
30820201026:
309	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
310	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
311	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
312	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
313	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
314	find.
315
31620200923:
317	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
318	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
319	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
320	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
321
322	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
323	command you want to un-auger the tree is
324		cd sys/amd64/conf
325		svn revert -R .
326	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
327	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
328
32920200824:
330	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
331	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
332	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
333	unless you  want to use new features.
334
335	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
336	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
337	rebuilding world may fail.
338
339	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
340	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
341
342	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
343	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
344	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
345	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
346
34720200824:
348	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
349	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
350	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
351	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
352
35320200821:
354	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
355	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
356	sources.
357
35820200817:
359	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
360	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
361
36220200816:
363	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
364	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
365	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
366	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
367
36820200810:
369	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
370	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
371	from sources, so a version bump was done.
372
37320200807:
374	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
375	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
376	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
377	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
378
37920200729:
380	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
381	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
382	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
383	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
384	continue to function.
385
386	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
387	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
388	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
389	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
390
39120200627:
392	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
393	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
394	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
395	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
396	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
397	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
398	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
399
40020200625:
401	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
402	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
403
40420200613:
405	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
406	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
407	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
408
40920200604:
410	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
411	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
412	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
413	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
414
415	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
416	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
417	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
418	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
419	/root/.shrc.
420
42120200523:
422	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
423	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
424	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
425	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
426
42720200512:
428	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
429	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
430
43120200424:
432	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
433	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
434	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
435	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
436	be functional without closefrom(2).
437
43820200414:
439	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
440	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
441	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
442	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
443	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
444	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
445
44620200310:
447	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
448	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
449	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
450	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
451
45220200309:
453	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
454	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
455	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
456
45720200301:
458	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
459
46020200229:
461	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
462	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
463	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
464
46520200229:
466	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
467	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
468
46920200229:
470	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
471	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
472	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
473	ports or packages.
474
47520200220:
476	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
477	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
478	ncurses.
479
48020200217:
481	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
482	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
483	together with their new kernel.
484
48520200212:
486	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
487	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
488	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
489
490	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
491	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
492
49320200108:
494	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
495	linker for riscv64.
496
49720200107:
498	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
499	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
500	external toolchain package.
501
50220200104:
503	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
504	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
505	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
506	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
507	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
508
50920200102:
510	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
511	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
512	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
513	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
514
51520191226:
516	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
517	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
518	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
519	ABI.
520
52120191226:
522	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
523
52420191222:
525	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
526	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
527	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
528	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
529
53020191212:
531	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
532	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
533	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
534
53520191205:
536	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
537	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
538	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
539	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
540	differences between those included in the port and those included in
541	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
542	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
543	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
544
54520191120:
546	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
547	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
548	for automounting.
549
55020191107:
551	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
552	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
553	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
554	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
555	add superio to the set.
556
55720191021:
558	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
559	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
560
56120191021:
562	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
563	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
564	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
565	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
566	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
567	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
568	completely in the future.
569
57020191009:
571	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
572	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
573	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
574	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
575	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
576	will be removed from the list.
577
57820191009:
579	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
580	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
581	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
582	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
583
58420191003:
585	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
586	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
587	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
588	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
589
59020190913:
591	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
592	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
593	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
594	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
595
59620190823:
597	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
598	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
599	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
600
60120190727:
602	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
603	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
604	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
605	your scripts, because they had no effect.
606
607	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
608	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
609	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
610	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
611	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
612
61320190713:
614	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
615	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
616	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
617	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
618	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
619	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
620	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
621
62220190620:
623	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
624	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
625	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
626	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
627
62820190612:
629	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
630	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
631	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
632	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
633
63420190608:
635	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
636	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
637	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
638
63920190513:
640	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
641	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
642	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
643	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
644	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
645	avoid running into the limit.
646
64720190507:
648	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
649	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
650
65120190507:
652	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
653	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
654	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
655	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
656	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
657	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
658
65920190418:
660	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
661	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
662	entropy:
663
664	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
665	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
666	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
667	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
668	availability properties.
669
670	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
671	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
672	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
673	initial condition, if desired.
674
675	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
676	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
677
678	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
679	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
680	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
681	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
682
68320190416:
684	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
685	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
686	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
687	therefore unblocked).
688
68920190404:
690	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
691	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
692	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
693	is added to the command line.
694	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
695	not affected and should continue to work.
696
69720190320:
698	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
699	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
700	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
701	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
702
70320190304:
704	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
705	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
706	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
707	or higher.
708
70920190226:
710	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
711	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
712	kernel config.
713
71420190219:
715	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
716	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
717	migrating to the drm ports.
718
71920190131:
720	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
721	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
722	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
723	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
724	is loaded automatically.
725
72620190125:
727	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
728	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
729	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
730	kernel config files.
731
73220181230:
733	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
734	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
735	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
736	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
737
73820181220:
739	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
740	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
741	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
742	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
743	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
744	most NFSv4 mounts.
745
74620181219:
747	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
748	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
749	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
750
751	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
752	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
753
754	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
755	removed from the mips port.
756
75720181211:
758	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
759	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
760	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
761	or higher.
762
76320181211:
764	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
765	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
766
76720181126:
768	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
769	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
770	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
771	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
772
77320181123:
774	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
775	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
776	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
777
77820181115:
779	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
780	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
781	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
782	FreeBSD versions.
783
78420181110:
785	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
786	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
787	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
788
789	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
790	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
791	being included using the command:
792		$ newsyslog -Nrv
793
79420181015:
795	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
796	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
797	drm-legacy-kmod.
798
799	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
800	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
801	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
802	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
803	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
804	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
805	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
806	that as you will get better support.
807
808	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
809	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
810	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
811	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
812
813	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
814	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
815	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
816	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
817	shortly.
818
81920181012:
820	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
821	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
822	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
823	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
824	be adjusted as necessary.
825
82620181009:
827	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
828	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
829	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
830	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
831
83220181006:
833	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
834	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
835	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
836	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
837	encouraged.
838
83920181002:
840	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
841	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
842	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
843	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
844	nda device name.
845
84620180913:
847	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
848	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
849	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
850	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
851	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
852	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
853
85420180826:
855	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
856	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
857	default since FreeBSD-11.
858
85920180822:
860	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
861	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
862	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
863
86420180818:
865	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
866	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
867	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
868	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
869	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
870	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
871	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
872
873	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
874	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
875
87620180815:
877	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
878	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
879	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
880	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
881	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
882	may not be observed in a future release.
883
88420180808:
885	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
886	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
887	your environment.
888
88920180731:
890	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
891	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
892	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
893	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
894
89520180730:
896	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
897	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
898	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
899	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
900	runtime services.
901
90220180727:
903	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
904	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
905	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
906
90720180723:
908	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
909	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
910	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
911	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
912	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
913
91420180720:
915	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
916	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
917	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
918	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
919	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
920	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
921
92220180719:
923	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
924	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
925	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
926	boot_serial=YES
927	boot_multicons=YES
928	in /boot/loader.conf
929	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
930	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
931	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
932
93320180719:
934	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
935	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
936	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
937	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
938	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
939	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
940	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
941	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
942	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
943	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
944	by the ntpd user.
945
94620180717:
947	Big endian arm support has been removed.
948
94920180711:
950	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
951	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
952	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
953	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
954	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
955
95620180705:
957	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
958	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
959	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
960	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
961	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
962	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
963
96420180702:
965	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
966	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
967
96820180701:
969	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
970	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
971	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
972	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
973	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
974	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
975	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
976
97720180630:
978	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
979	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
980	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
981	or higher.
982
98320180628:
984	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
985	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
986	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
987	file.
988
98920180612:
990	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
991	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
992
99320180530:
994	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
995	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
996	longer necessary.
997
99820180530:
999	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1000	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1001	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1002	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1003
100420180523:
1005	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1006	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1007	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1008	later than r334108.
1009
101020180517:
1011	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1012	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1013	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1014	it must be removed.
1015
101620180510:
1017	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1018	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1019	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1020	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1021	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1022	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1023	will go away.
1024
1025	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1026	workaround is necessary.
1027
102820180508:
1029	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1030	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1031	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1032	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1033
103420180504:
1035	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1036	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1037	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1038	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1039	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1040
104120180502:
1042	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1043	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1044	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1045	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1046
104720180501:
1048	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1049	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1050	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1051	be removed.
1052
105320180413:
1054	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1055	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1056	removed.
1057
105820180411:
1059	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1060	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1061	removed.
1062
106320180406:
1064	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1065	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1066	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1067	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1068	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1069
1070	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1071	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1072	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1073	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1074	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1075	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1076	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1077
1078	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1079	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1080
1081		source src {
1082			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1083		}
1084
1085	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1086	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1087	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1088
1089		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1090
1091	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1092	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1093	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1094	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1095	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1096	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1097	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1098
1099	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1100	change.
1101
110220180328:
1103	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1104	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1105	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1106
110720180323:
1108	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1109	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1110	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1111	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1112	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1113	should be as simple as:
1114
1115		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1116		$ make depend all install
1117
111820180212:
1119	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1120	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1121	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1122	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1123	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1124	provisions for backup boot methods.
1125
112620180211:
1127	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1128	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1129	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1130	imp@freebsd.org.
1131
113220180114:
1133	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1134	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1135	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1136	or higher.
1137
113820180110:
1139	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1140	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1141	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1142
1143	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1144	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1145
114620180110:
1147	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1148	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1149	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1150	remove it from kernel config files.
1151
115220180104:
1153	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1154	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1155	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1156
1157	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1158	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1159
116020180102:
1161	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1162	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1163	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1164	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1165
116620171215:
1167	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1168	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1169
117020171214:
1171	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1172	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1173	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1174	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1175
117620171125:
1177	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1178	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1179	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1180	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1181	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1182	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1183
118420171110:
1185	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1186	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1187	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1188
118920171106:
1190	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1191	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1192	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1193	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1194	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1195
119620171102:
1197	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1198	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1199	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1200	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1201	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1202	environment.
1203
120420171101:
1205	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1206	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1207	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1208	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1209	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1210	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1211	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1212	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1213	than hardcoding paths.
1214
121520171028:
1216	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1217	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1218	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1219
122020171021:
1221	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1222	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1223	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1224	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1225
122620171010:
1227	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1228	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1229
123020171005:
1231	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1232	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1233	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1234	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1235
123620171003:
1237	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1238	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1239	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1240	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1241	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1242
124320170912:
1244	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1245	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1246	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1247	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1248	/etc/ctl.conf .
1249
125020170912:
1251	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1252	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1253	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1254	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1255	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1256
125720170826:
1258	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1259	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1260
126120170825:
1262	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1263	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1264	to complete.
1265
126620170814:
1267	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1268	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1269	${TESTSDIR}.
1270
1271	Behavioral changes:
1272	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1273	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1274	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1275	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1276
1277	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1278	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1279	sandbox if successful.
1280
1281	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1282	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1283	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1284	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1285	an unprivileged user.
1286
128720170808:
1288	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1289	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1290	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1291	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1292	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1293	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1294	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1295	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1296	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1297	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1298	to which you should answer yes.
1299
130020170728:
1301	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1302	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1303	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1304	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1305	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1306
130720170722:
1308	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1309	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1310	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1311
131220170701:
1313	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1314	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1315
131620170625:
1317	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1318	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1319	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1320	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1321	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1322	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1323	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1324
132520170623:
1326	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1327	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1328	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1329	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1330	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1331	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1332
133320170620:
1334	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1335	if you require the GPL compiler.
1336
133720170618:
1338	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1339	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1340	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1341
134220170617:
1343	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1344	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1345	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1346	followed.
1347
134820170531:
1349	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1350	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1351	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1352	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1353	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1354	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1355
135620170524:
1357	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1358	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1359	which only require one chipset support.
1360
1361	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1362
1363	if_ath_load="YES"
1364
1365	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1366	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1367	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1368
1369	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1370	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1371
1372	* load ath_hal
1373	* load the chip modules in question
1374	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1375	* load ath_main
1376	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1377	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1378
1379	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1380
138120170523:
1382	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1383	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1384	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1385
1386	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1387	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1388	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1389
1390	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1391	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1392	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1393	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1394	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1395	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1396	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1397	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1398
139920170424:
1400	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1401	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1402	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1403
140420170420:
1405	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1406	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1407	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1408
140920170413:
1410	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1411	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1412	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1413	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1414	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1415	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1416	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1417
141820170407:
1419	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1420	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1421	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1422	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1423
142420170405:
1425	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1426	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1427	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1428
142920170331:
1430	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1431	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1432	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1433
143420170329:
1435	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1436	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1437
1438	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1439	via one of the following methods:
1440	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1441	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1442	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1443	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1444
1445	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1446
144720170316:
1448	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1449	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1450	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1451	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1452	with mmc.ko).
1453
145420170315:
1455	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1456	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1457	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1458	be prefixed with colon.
1459
146020170311:
1461	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1462	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1463	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1464
146520170302:
1466	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1467	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1468	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1469
147020170221:
1471	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1472	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1473	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1474	change.
1475
147620170216:
1477	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1478	valid.
1479
148020170215:
1481	MCA bus support has been removed.
1482
148320170127:
1484	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1485	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1486
148720170112:
1488	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1489	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1490
149120170109:
1492	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1493	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1494	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1495	configuration.
1496
149720161217:
1498	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1499	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1500	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1501
150220161124:
1503	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1504	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1505	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1506
150720161119:
1508	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1509	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1510	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1511
151220161030:
1513	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1514	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1515	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1516	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1517
151820161017:
1519	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1520	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1521	parts.
1522	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1523	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1524
152520161015:
1526	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1527	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1528	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1529	removed from base.
1530
153120161008:
1532	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1533	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1534	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1535
153620161003:
1537	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1538	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1539
154020160924:
1541	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1542	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1543	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1544	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1545
154620160918:
1547	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1548	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1549	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1550	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1551	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1552
155320160918:
1554	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1555
155620160908:
1557	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1558	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1559	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1560	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1561
156220160824:
1563	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1564	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1565	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1566	to 1200005.
1567
156820160818:
1569	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1570	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1571	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1572	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1573	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1574	0.
1575
157620160818:
1577	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1578	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1579
158020160708:
1581	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1582
158320160622:
1584	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1585	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1586	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1587	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1588	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1589	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1590	kernel.
1591
159220160527:
1593	CAM now strips the leading spaces from each SCSI disk's serial number.
1594	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1595	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1596	previously contained a line like
1597	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1598	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1599	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1600	generally be fine.
1601
160220160523:
1603	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1604	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1605	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1606	built with the old headers.
1607
160820160520:
1609	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1610	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1611	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1612	installing a new libc.
1613
161420160517:
1615	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1616	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1617	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1618	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1619	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1620	packages will be needed.
1621
1622	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1623	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1624	and the install steps.
1625
162620160510:
1627	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1628	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1629	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1630	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1631	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1632	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1633
163420160414:
1635	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1636	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1637	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1638	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1639	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1640
1641		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1642		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1643		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1644		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1645		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1646
1647	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1648	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1649	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1650	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1651	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1652	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1653	vendors work.
1654
1655	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1656	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1657		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1658	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1659	quirks entry to 0x3.
1660
166120160330:
1662	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1663	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1664	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1665
166620160317:
1667	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1668	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1669
167020160311:
1671	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1672	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1673	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1674	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1675	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1676	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1677	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1678	stale .depend files.
1679
168020160306:
1681	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1682	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1683	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1684	rebooting, e.g.:
1685
1686	make buildworld
1687	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1688	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1689	make -C sys/boot install
1690	<reboot in single user>
1691
1692	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1693	below.
1694
169520160305:
1696	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1697	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1698	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1699
170020160301:
1701	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1702	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1703	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1704	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1705	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1706	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1707
170820160226:
1709	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1710	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1711	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1712	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1713	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1714
171520160129:
1716	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1717	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1718	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1719	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1720	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1721
172220160119:
1723	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1724	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1725
172620160113:
1727	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1728	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1729	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1730
173120151216:
1732	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1733	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1734	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1735	other loaders.
1736
173720151211:
1738	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1739	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1740	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1741	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1742	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1743	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1744
174520151207:
1746	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1747	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1748	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1749	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1750	in src.conf(5).
1751
175220151130:
1753	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1754	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1755	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1756
175720151108:
1758	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1759	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1760	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1761
1762	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1763	collation results will be different.
1764
1765	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1766	locales before running make installworld.
1767
1768	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1769
177020151030:
1771	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1772	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1773
177420151020:
1775	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1776	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1777	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1778
177920151017:
1780	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1781	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1782	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1783	and 'make -N' will not.
1784
178520151012:
1786	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1787	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1788	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1789	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1790	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1791	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1792	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1793	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1794
179520151011:
1796	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1797	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1798	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1799	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1800
180120151006:
1802	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1803	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1804	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1805
180620150924:
1807	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1808	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1809	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1810	userland debug files.
1811
1812	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1813	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1814	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1815
1816	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1817	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1818
181920150827:
1820	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1821	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1822	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1823	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1824	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1825	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1826
182720150827:
1828	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1829	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1830	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1831
183220150817:
1833	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1834	them, the kernel must have
1835
1836	device	random
1837	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1838
1839	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1840	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1841	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1842	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1843
1844	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1845	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1846
184720150813:
1848	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1849	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1850	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1851
185220150810:
1853	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1854	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1855	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1856	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1857
1858	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1859	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1860	difference with this change.
1861
1862	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1863	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1864	remove that workaround.
1865
186620150809:
1867	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1868	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1869	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1870	with:
1871
1872	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1873
187420150806:
1875	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1876	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1877	loader.rc.local instead.
1878
187920150805:
1880	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1881	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1882	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1883
188420150728:
1885	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1886	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1887	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1888
1889	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1890	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1891
189220150706:
1893	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1894	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1895	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1896	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1897	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1898	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1899	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1900	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1901	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1902	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1903	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1904	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1905
190620150630:
1907	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1908	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1909
1910	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1911	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1912	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1913
1914	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1915	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1916
1917	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1918	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1919	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1920
1921	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1922	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1923	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1924	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1925
1926	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1927	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1928	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1929	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1930
1931	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1932	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1933	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1934	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1935	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1936	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1937	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1938	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1939	will never happen.
1940
194120150623:
1942	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1943	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1944
194520150616:
1946	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1947	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1948
194920150615:
1950	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1951	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1952	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1953	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1954	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1955
195620150614:
1957	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1958	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1959	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1960	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1961
196220150614:
1963	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1964	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1965	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1966	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1967	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1968	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1969	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1970
1971	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1972	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1973	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1974	   replace it with '2'.
1975	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1976	   a file path, create a new file with:
1977		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1978	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1979		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1980	5. Restart sendmail:
1981		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1982
1983	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1984	updated.
1985
198620150604:
1987	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1988	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1989	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1990	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1991	5.x.
1992
1993	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1994
199520150525:
1996	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1997	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1998	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1999
200020150521:
2001	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
2002	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
2003	and Pandaboard:
2004
2005	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
2006	  same but content is different now
2007	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
2008	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
2009	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
2010	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
2011	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
2012
201320150501:
2014	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
2015	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
2016	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
2017
201820150423:
2019	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
2020	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
2021
202220150415:
2023	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
2024	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
2025
202620150416:
2027	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
2028	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
2029	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
2030
203120150324:
2032	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
2033	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
2034	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
2035	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
2036
203720150315:
2038	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
2039	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
2040	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
2041
204220150307:
2043	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2044	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
2045	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
2046	kernel before rebooting.
2047
204820150217:
2049	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
2050	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
2051	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
2052	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
2053	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
2054	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
2055
205620150210:
2057	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
2058	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
2059	with the new kernel.
2060
206120150131:
2062	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
2063	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
2064	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
2065
206620150118:
2067	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
2068	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
2069	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
2070	are not already using 3.5.0.
2071
207220150107:
2073	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
2074	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
2075	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
2076	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
2077	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
2078
207920150105:
2080	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
2081	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
2082	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
2083	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
2084
208520150102:
2086	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
2087	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
2088
208920141231:
2090	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
2091
2092	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
2093	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
2094	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
2095	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
2096	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
2097	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
2098	later.
2099
2100	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
2101	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
2102	of the box.
2103
2104	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
2105	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
2106	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
2107	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
2108
2109	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2110	the instructions for 9.x above.
2111
2112	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2113	default, and do not build clang.
2114
2115	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2116	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
2117	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2118
2119	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2120	the following are most likely to appear:
2121
2122	-Wabsolute-value
2123
2124	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2125	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2126	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2127	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
2128	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2129	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2130	  cast, or disable the warning.
2131
2132	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2133	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2134	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2135	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2136	  side-effects.
2137
2138	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2139	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
2140
2141	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2142	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
2143	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2144	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2145
2146	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
2147	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2148	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2149	unreachable could be optimized away.
2150
215120141222:
2152	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2153	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2154	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2155	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2156	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2157	the utilities will report errors.
2158
215920141121:
2160	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2161	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2162	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
2163	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2164	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2165	LOCAL_DIRS.
2166
216720141109:
2168	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2169	has been obsolete for a very long time.
2170
217120141104:
2172	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2173	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2174	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2175	drivers.
2176
2177	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2178	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2179	indicate what you need to do.
2180
2181	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2182	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2183	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2184
2185	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2186	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2187	  kern.vty=sc
2188
218920141102:
2190	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2191	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2192	execute it.
2193
219420141009:
2195	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2196	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2197	devel/gperf port.
2198
219920140923:
2200	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2201	contrib/pjdfstest .
2202
220320140922:
2204	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2205	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2206	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2207	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
2208	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2209	their next update cycle.
2210
221120140729:
2212	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2213	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2214	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2215	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2216	1.12.4_8 or newer.
2217
221820140723:
2219	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2220	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2221
222220140719:
2223	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2224	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2225	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
2226	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2227	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2228	new configuration.
2229
223020140709:
2231	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2232	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2233	them again.
2234	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2235
223620140708:
2237	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2238	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2239	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
2240	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2241	requires readline.
2242
224320140702:
2244	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2245	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2246	architecture.
2247
224820140701:
2249	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2250	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
2251	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2252	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2253	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2254
225520140629:
2256	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2257	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2258	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2259
226020140619:
2261	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2262	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2263	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2264
226520140606:
2266	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2267	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
2268	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2269	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
2270	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2271	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2272	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2273	"make installworld".
2274
2275	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2276	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2277	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2278	is run.
2279
2280	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2281	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2282	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2283	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2284	be removed during a clean upgrade.
2285
228620140512:
2287	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2288
228920140508:
2290	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2291	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2292	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
2293
229420140505:
2295	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2296	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2297	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2298	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2299	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2300	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2301	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2302	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2303	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2304	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2305	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2306	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2307
2308	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2309	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2310	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2311	as well.
2312
231320140430:
2314	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2315	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2316
231720140424:
2318	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2319	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2320	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2321	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2322	build hosts for older releases.
2323
2324	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2325	r276991, respectively.
2326
232720140418:
2328	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2329	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2330	will silently lack HESIOD.
2331
233220140405:
2333	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2334	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2335	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2336	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2337	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2338	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2339	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2340	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2341	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2342	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2343	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2344	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
2345
234620140306:
2347	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2348	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2349	with command line option -W.
2350
235120140226:
2352	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2353	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2354	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2355	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2356	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2357
235820140216:
2359	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2360
236120140216:
2362	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
2363	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2364
236520140212:
2366	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2367	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2368	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
2369	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2370	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2371
237220140204:
2373	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2374	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
2375	kernel is still highly recommended.
2376
237720140131:
2378	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2379	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
2380	capability mode support in kernel.
2381
238220140128:
2383	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2384	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2385	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2386	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2387	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2388
238920140110:
2390	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2391	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2392	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2393	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2394	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2395	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2396
239720131213:
2398	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2399	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2400	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2401	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2402	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2403	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2404	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2405	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2406	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2407
240820131108:
2409	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2410	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
2411	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2412	should change your settings to use the latter.
2413
241420131025:
2415	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2416	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
2417	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
2418	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
2419	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2420
242120131014:
2422	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2423	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2424	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2425	delete-old-libs":
2426	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2427	  or
2428	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2429
243020131010:
2431	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2432	revision r256279.
2433
2434COMMON ITEMS:
2435
2436	General Notes
2437	-------------
2438	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2439	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2440	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2441	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2442	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2443	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2444	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2445	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2446
2447	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2448	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2449	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2450	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2451	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2452	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2453	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2454	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2455	an exception.
2456
2457	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2458	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2459	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2460	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2461	step.
2462
2463	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2464	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2465	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2466	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2467
2468	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2469	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2470	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2471	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2472	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2473	should write them with this in mind.
2474
2475	ZFS notes
2476	---------
2477	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2478	these two steps:
2479
2480	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2481	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2482
2483	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2484
2485	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2486	freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2487	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2488	The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2489	booting from EFI).
2490
2491	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2492
2493	To build a kernel
2494	-----------------
2495	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2496	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2497	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2498
2499	make kernel-toolchain
2500	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2501	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2502
2503	To test a kernel once
2504	---------------------
2505	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2506	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2507	debugging information) run
2508	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2509	nextboot -k testkernel
2510
2511	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2512	-----------------------------------------------------------
2513	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2514	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2515
2516	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2517	make buildworld
2518	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2519	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2520							[1]
2521	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2522	etcupdate -p					[5]
2523	make installworld
2524	etcupdate -B					[4]
2525	make delete-old					[6]
2526	<reboot>
2527
2528	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2529	--------------------------------------------------
2530	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2531	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2532	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2533	# size.
2534
2535	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2536	<boot into -stable>
2537	make buildworld
2538	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2539	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2540	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2541	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2542	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2543	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2544	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2545	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2546	<reboot into current>
2547	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2548	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2549	<reboot>
2550
2551
2552	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2553	----------------------------------------------
2554	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2555	make buildworld					[9]
2556	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2557	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2558							[1]
2559	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2560	etcupdate -p					[5]
2561	make installworld
2562	etcupdate -B					[4]
2563	make delete-old					[6]
2564	<reboot>
2565
2566	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2567	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2568	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2569	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2570	the UPDATING entries.
2571
2572	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2573	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2574	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2575	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2576	much fewer pitfalls.
2577
2578	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2579	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2580	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2581	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2582	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2583	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2584	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2585	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2586	and effective, eg:
2587	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2588
2589	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2590		fsck -p
2591		mount -u /
2592		mount -a
2593		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2594		cd src			# full path to source
2595		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2596	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2597	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2598
2599	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2600	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2601	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2602	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2603	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2604	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2605
2606	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2607	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2608	step.
2609
2610	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2611	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2612	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2613
2614	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2615	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2616	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2617	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2618	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2619	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2620	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2621	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2622
2623	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2624	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2625	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2626	for these as well.
2627
2628	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2629	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2630	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2631
2632	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2633	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2634	warn if it is improperly defined.
2635FORMAT:
2636
2637This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2638breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2639list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2640If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2641to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2642
2643Copyright information:
2644
2645Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2646
2647Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2648modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2649document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2650
2651THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2652IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2653WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2654DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2655INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2656(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2657SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2658HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2659STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2660IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2661POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2662
2663Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2664this document.
2665
2666$FreeBSD$
2667