1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020210611: 31 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 32 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 33 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 34 3520210608: 36 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 37 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 38https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 39 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 40 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 41 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 42 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 43 4420210525: 45 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 46 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 47 comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this. 48 4920210513: 50 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 51 libraries and utilities are packaged. 52 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 53 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 54 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 55 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 56 on the system. 57 5820210426: 59 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 60 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 61 need to be rebuilt from sources. 62 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 63 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 64 is not recommended. 65 6620210411: 67 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 68 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 69 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 70 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 71 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 72 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 73 7420210330: 75 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 76 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 77 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 78 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 79 8020210225: 81 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 82 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 83 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 84 8520210128: 86 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 87 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003 88 update. 89 9020210108: 91 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 92 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 93 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 94 since it was bumped so recently. 95 9620210107: 97 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 98 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 99 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 100 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 101 10220210105: 103 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 104 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 105 requires a clean build. 106 10720201223: 108 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 109 instructions can be found at 110 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 111 and other documents in that repo. 112 11320201216: 114 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 115 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 116 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 117 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 118 11920201215: 120 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 121 may be installed from ports or packages. 122 12320201124: 124 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 125 See ping(8) for details. 126 12720201108: 128 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 129 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 130 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 131 13220201030: 133 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 134 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 135 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 136 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 137 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 138 13920201026: 140 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 141 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 142 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 143 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 144 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 145 find. 146 14720200923: 148 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 149 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 150 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 151 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 152 153 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 154 command you want to un-auger the tree is 155 cd sys/amd64/conf 156 svn revert -R . 157 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 158 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 159 16020200824: 161 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 162 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 163 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 164 unless you want to use new features. 165 166 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 167 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 168 rebuilding world may fail. 169 170 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 171 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 172 173 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 174 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 175 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 176 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 177 17820200824: 179 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 180 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 181 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 182 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 183 18420200821: 185 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 186 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 187 sources. 188 18920200817: 190 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 191 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 192 19320200816: 194 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 195 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 196 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 197 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 198 19920200810: 200 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 201 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 202 from sources, so a version bump was done. 203 20420200807: 205 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 206 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 207 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 208 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 209 21020200729: 211 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 212 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 213 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 214 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 215 continue to function. 216 217 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 218 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 219 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 220 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 221 22220200627: 223 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 224 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 225 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 226 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 227 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 228 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 229 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 230 23120200625: 232 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 233 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 234 23520200613: 236 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 237 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 238 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 239 24020200604: 241 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 242 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 243 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 244 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 245 246 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 247 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 248 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 249 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 250 /root/.shrc. 251 25220200523: 253 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 254 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 255 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 256 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 257 25820200512: 259 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 260 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 261 26220200424: 263 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 264 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 265 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 266 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 267 be functional without closefrom(2). 268 26920200414: 270 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 271 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 272 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 273 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 274 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 275 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 276 27720200310: 278 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 279 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 280 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 281 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 282 28320200309: 284 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 285 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 286 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 287 28820200301: 289 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 290 29120200229: 292 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 293 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 294 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 295 29620200229: 297 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 298 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 299 30020200229: 301 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 302 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 303 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 304 ports or packages. 305 30620200220: 307 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 308 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 309 ncurses. 310 31120200217: 312 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 313 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 314 together with their new kernel. 315 31620200212: 317 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 318 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 319 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 320 321 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 322 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 323 32420200108: 325 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 326 linker for riscv64. 327 32820200107: 329 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 330 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 331 external toolchain package. 332 33320200104: 334 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 335 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 336 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 337 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 338 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 339 34020200102: 341 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 342 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 343 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 344 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 345 34620191226: 347 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 348 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 349 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 350 ABI. 351 35220191226: 353 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 354 35520191222: 356 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 357 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 358 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 359 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 360 36120191212: 362 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 363 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 364 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 365 36620191205: 367 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 368 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 369 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 370 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 371 differences between those included in the port and those included in 372 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 373 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 374 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 375 37620191120: 377 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 378 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 379 for automounting. 380 38120191107: 382 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 383 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 384 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 385 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 386 add superio to the set. 387 38820191021: 389 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 390 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 391 39220191021: 393 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 394 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 395 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 396 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 397 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 398 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 399 completely in the future. 400 40120191009: 402 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 403 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 404 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 405 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 406 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 407 will be removed from the list. 408 40920191009: 410 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 411 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 412 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 413 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 414 41520191003: 416 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 417 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 418 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 419 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 420 42120190913: 422 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 423 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 424 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 425 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 426 42720190823: 428 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 429 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 430 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 431 43220190727: 433 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 434 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 435 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 436 your scripts, because they had no effect. 437 438 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 439 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 440 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 441 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 442 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 443 44420190713: 445 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 446 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 447 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 448 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 449 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 450 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 451 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 452 45320190620: 454 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 455 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 456 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 457 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 458 45920190612: 460 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 461 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 462 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 463 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 464 46520190608: 466 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 467 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 468 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 469 47020190513: 471 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 472 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 473 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 474 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 475 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 476 avoid running into the limit. 477 47820190507: 479 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 480 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 481 48220190507: 483 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 484 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 485 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 486 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 487 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 488 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 489 49020190418: 491 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 492 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 493 entropy: 494 495 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 496 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 497 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 498 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 499 availability properties. 500 501 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 502 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 503 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 504 initial condition, if desired. 505 506 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 507 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 508 509 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 510 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 511 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 512 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 513 51420190416: 515 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 516 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 517 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 518 therefore unblocked). 519 52020190404: 521 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 522 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 523 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 524 is added to the command line. 525 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 526 not affected and should continue to work. 527 52820190320: 529 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 530 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 531 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 532 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 533 53420190304: 535 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 536 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 537 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 538 or higher. 539 54020190226: 541 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 542 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 543 kernel config. 544 54520190219: 546 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 547 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 548 migrating to the drm ports. 549 55020190131: 551 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 552 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 553 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 554 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 555 is loaded automatically. 556 55720190125: 558 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 559 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 560 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 561 kernel config files. 562 56320181230: 564 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 565 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 566 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 567 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 568 56920181220: 570 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 571 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 572 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 573 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 574 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 575 most NFSv4 mounts. 576 57720181219: 578 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 579 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 580 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 581 582 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 583 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 584 585 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 586 removed from the mips port. 587 58820181211: 589 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 590 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 591 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 592 or higher. 593 59420181211: 595 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 596 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 597 59820181126: 599 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 600 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 601 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 602 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 603 60420181123: 605 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 606 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 607 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 608 60920181115: 610 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 611 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 612 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 613 FreeBSD versions. 614 61520181110: 616 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 617 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 618 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 619 620 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 621 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 622 being included using the command: 623 $ newsyslog -Nrv 624 62520181015: 626 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 627 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 628 drm-legacy-kmod. 629 630 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 631 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 632 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 633 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 634 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 635 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 636 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 637 that as you will get better support. 638 639 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 640 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 641 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 642 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 643 644 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 645 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 646 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 647 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 648 shortly. 649 65020181012: 651 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 652 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 653 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 654 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 655 be adjusted as necessary. 656 65720181009: 658 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 659 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 660 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 661 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 662 66320181006: 664 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 665 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 666 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 667 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 668 encouraged. 669 67020181002: 671 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 672 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 673 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 674 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 675 nda device name. 676 67720180913: 678 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 679 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 680 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 681 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 682 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 683 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 684 68520180826: 686 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 687 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 688 default since FreeBSD-11. 689 69020180822: 691 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 692 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 693 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 694 69520180818: 696 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 697 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 698 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 699 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 700 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 701 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 702 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 703 704 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 705 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 706 70720180815: 708 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 709 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 710 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 711 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 712 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 713 may not be observed in a future release. 714 71520180808: 716 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 717 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 718 your environment. 719 72020180731: 721 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 722 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 723 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 724 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 725 72620180730: 727 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 728 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 729 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 730 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 731 runtime services. 732 73320180727: 734 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 735 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 736 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 737 73820180723: 739 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 740 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 741 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 742 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 743 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 744 74520180720: 746 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 747 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 748 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 749 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 750 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 751 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 752 75320180719: 754 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 755 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 756 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 757 boot_serial=YES 758 boot_multicons=YES 759 in /boot/loader.conf 760 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 761 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 762 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 763 76420180719: 765 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 766 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 767 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 768 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 769 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 770 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 771 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 772 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 773 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 774 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 775 by the ntpd user. 776 77720180717: 778 Big endian arm support has been removed. 779 78020180711: 781 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 782 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 783 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 784 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 785 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 786 78720180705: 788 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 789 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 790 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 791 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 792 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 793 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 794 79520180702: 796 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 797 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 798 79920180701: 800 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 801 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 802 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 803 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 804 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 805 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 806 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 807 80820180630: 809 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 810 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 811 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 812 or higher. 813 81420180628: 815 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 816 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 817 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 818 file. 819 82020180612: 821 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 822 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 823 82420180530: 825 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 826 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 827 longer necessary. 828 82920180530: 830 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 831 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 832 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 833 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 834 83520180523: 836 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 837 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 838 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 839 later than r334108. 840 84120180517: 842 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 843 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 844 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 845 it must be removed. 846 84720180510: 848 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 849 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 850 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 851 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 852 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 853 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 854 will go away. 855 856 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 857 workaround is necessary. 858 85920180508: 860 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 861 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 862 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 863 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 864 86520180504: 866 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 867 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 868 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 869 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 870 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 871 87220180502: 873 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 874 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 875 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 876 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 877 87820180501: 879 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 880 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 881 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 882 be removed. 883 88420180413: 885 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 886 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 887 removed. 888 88920180411: 890 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 891 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 892 removed. 893 89420180406: 895 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 896 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 897 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 898 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 899 microseconds and time zone offsets. 900 901 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 902 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 903 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 904 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 905 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 906 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 907 adjustments, depending on the software used. 908 909 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 910 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 911 912 source src { 913 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 914 } 915 916 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 917 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 918 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 919 920 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 921 922 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 923 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 924 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 925 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 926 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 927 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 928 thus expected to continue to function as before. 929 930 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 931 change. 932 93320180328: 934 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 935 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 936 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 937 93820180323: 939 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 940 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 941 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 942 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 943 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 944 should be as simple as: 945 946 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 947 $ make depend all install 948 94920180212: 950 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 951 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 952 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 953 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 954 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 955 provisions for backup boot methods. 956 95720180211: 958 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 959 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 960 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 961 imp@freebsd.org. 962 96320180114: 964 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 965 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 966 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 967 or higher. 968 96920180110: 970 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 971 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 972 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 973 974 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 975 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 976 97720180110: 978 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 979 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 980 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 981 remove it from kernel config files. 982 98320180104: 984 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 985 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 986 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 987 988 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 989 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 990 99120180102: 992 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 993 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 994 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 995 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 996 99720171215: 998 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 999 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1000 100120171214: 1002 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1003 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1004 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1005 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1006 100720171125: 1008 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1009 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1010 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1011 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1012 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1013 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1014 101520171110: 1016 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 1017 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1018 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1019 102020171106: 1021 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1022 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1023 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1024 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1025 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1026 102720171102: 1028 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1029 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1030 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1031 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1032 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1033 environment. 1034 103520171101: 1036 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1037 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1038 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1039 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1040 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1041 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1042 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1043 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1044 than hardcoding paths. 1045 104620171028: 1047 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1048 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1049 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1050 105120171021: 1052 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1053 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1054 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1055 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1056 105720171010: 1058 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1059 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1060 106120171005: 1062 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1063 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1064 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1065 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1066 106720171003: 1068 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1069 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1070 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1071 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1072 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1073 107420170912: 1075 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1076 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1077 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1078 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1079 /etc/ctl.conf . 1080 108120170912: 1082 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1083 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1084 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1085 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1086 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1087 108820170826: 1089 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1090 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1091 109220170825: 1093 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1094 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1095 to complete. 1096 109720170814: 1098 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1099 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1100 ${TESTSDIR}. 1101 1102 Behavioral changes: 1103 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1104 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1105 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1106 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1107 1108 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1109 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1110 sandbox if successful. 1111 1112 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1113 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1114 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1115 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1116 an unprivileged user. 1117 111820170808: 1119 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1120 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1121 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1122 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1123 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1124 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1125 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1126 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1127 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1128 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1129 to which you should answer yes. 1130 113120170728: 1132 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1133 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1134 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1135 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1136 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1137 113820170722: 1139 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1140 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1141 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1142 114320170701: 1144 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1145 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1146 114720170625: 1148 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1149 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1150 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1151 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1152 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1153 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1154 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1155 115620170623: 1157 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1158 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1159 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1160 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1161 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1162 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1163 116420170620: 1165 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1166 if you require the GPL compiler. 1167 116820170618: 1169 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1170 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1171 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1172 117320170617: 1174 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1175 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1176 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1177 followed. 1178 117920170531: 1180 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1181 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1182 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1183 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1184 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1185 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1186 118720170524: 1188 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1189 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1190 which only require one chipset support. 1191 1192 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1193 1194 if_ath_load="YES" 1195 1196 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1197 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1198 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1199 1200 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 1201 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1202 1203 * load ath_hal 1204 * load the chip modules in question 1205 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1206 * load ath_main 1207 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1208 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1209 1210 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1211 121220170523: 1213 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1214 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1215 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1216 1217 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1218 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1219 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1220 1221 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1222 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1223 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1224 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1225 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1226 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1227 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1228 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1229 123020170424: 1231 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1232 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1233 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1234 123520170420: 1236 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1237 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1238 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1239 124020170413: 1241 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1242 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1243 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1244 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1245 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1246 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1247 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1248 124920170407: 1250 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1251 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1252 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1253 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1254 125520170405: 1256 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1257 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1258 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1259 126020170331: 1261 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1262 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1263 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1264 126520170329: 1266 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1267 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1268 1269 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1270 via one of the following methods: 1271 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1272 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1273 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1274 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1275 1276 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1277 127820170316: 1279 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1280 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1281 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1282 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1283 with mmc.ko). 1284 128520170315: 1286 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1287 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1288 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1289 be prefixed with colon. 1290 129120170311: 1292 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1293 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1294 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1295 129620170302: 1297 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1298 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1299 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1300 130120170221: 1302 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1303 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1304 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1305 change. 1306 130720170216: 1308 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1309 valid. 1310 131120170215: 1312 MCA bus support has been removed. 1313 131420170127: 1315 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1316 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1317 131820170112: 1319 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1320 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1321 132220170109: 1323 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1324 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1325 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1326 configuration. 1327 132820161217: 1329 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1330 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1331 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1332 133320161124: 1334 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1335 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1336 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1337 133820161119: 1339 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1340 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1341 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1342 134320161030: 1344 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1345 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1346 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1347 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1348 134920161017: 1350 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1351 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1352 parts. 1353 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1354 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1355 135620161015: 1357 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1358 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1359 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1360 removed from base. 1361 136220161008: 1363 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1364 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1365 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1366 136720161003: 1368 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1369 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1370 137120160924: 1372 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1373 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1374 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1375 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1376 137720160918: 1378 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1379 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1380 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1381 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1382 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1383 138420160918: 1385 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1386 138720160908: 1388 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1389 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1390 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1391 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1392 139320160824: 1394 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1395 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1396 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1397 to 1200005. 1398 139920160818: 1400 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1401 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1402 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1403 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1404 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1405 0. 1406 140720160818: 1408 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1409 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1410 141120160708: 1412 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1413 141420160622: 1415 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 1416 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 1417 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 1418 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 1419 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 1420 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 1421 kernel. 1422 142320160527: 1424 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 1425 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 1426 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 1427 previously contained a line like 1428 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 1429 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 1430 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 1431 generally be fine. 1432 143320160523: 1434 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 1435 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 1436 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 1437 built with the old headers. 1438 143920160520: 1440 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 1441 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 1442 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 1443 installing a new libc. 1444 144520160517: 1446 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 1447 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 1448 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 1449 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 1450 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 1451 packages will be needed. 1452 1453 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 1454 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 1455 and the install steps. 1456 145720160510: 1458 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 1459 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 1460 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 1461 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 1462 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 1463 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 1464 146520160414: 1466 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 1467 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 1468 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 1469 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 1470 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 1471 1472 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1473 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1474 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 1475 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 1476 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 1477 1478 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 1479 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 1480 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 1481 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 1482 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 1483 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 1484 vendors work. 1485 1486 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 1487 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 1488 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 1489 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 1490 quirks entry to 0x3. 1491 149220160330: 1493 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 1494 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 1495 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 1496 149720160317: 1498 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 1499 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 1500 150120160311: 1502 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 1503 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 1504 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 1505 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 1506 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 1507 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 1508 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 1509 stale .depend files. 1510 151120160306: 1512 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 1513 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 1514 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 1515 rebooting, e.g.: 1516 1517 make buildworld 1518 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1519 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1520 make -C sys/boot install 1521 <reboot in single user> 1522 1523 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 1524 below. 1525 152620160305: 1527 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 1528 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1529 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1530 153120160301: 1532 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 1533 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 1534 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 1535 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 1536 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 1537 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 1538 153920160226: 1540 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 1541 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 1542 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 1543 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 1544 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 1545 154620160129: 1547 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 1548 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 1549 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 1550 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 1551 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1552 155320160119: 1554 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1555 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1556 155720160113: 1558 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1559 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1560 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1561 156220151216: 1563 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1564 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1565 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1566 other loaders. 1567 156820151211: 1569 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1570 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1571 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1572 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1573 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1574 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1575 157620151207: 1577 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1578 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1579 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1580 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1581 in src.conf(5). 1582 158320151130: 1584 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1585 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1586 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1587 158820151108: 1589 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1590 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1591 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1592 1593 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1594 collation results will be different. 1595 1596 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1597 locales before running make installworld. 1598 1599 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1600 160120151030: 1602 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1603 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1604 160520151020: 1606 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1607 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1608 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1609 161020151017: 1611 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1612 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1613 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1614 and 'make -N' will not. 1615 161620151012: 1617 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1618 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1619 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1620 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1621 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1622 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1623 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1624 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1625 162620151011: 1627 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1628 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1629 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1630 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1631 163220151006: 1633 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1634 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1635 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1636 163720150924: 1638 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1639 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1640 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1641 userland debug files. 1642 1643 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1644 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1645 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1646 1647 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1648 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1649 165020150827: 1651 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1652 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1653 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1654 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1655 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1656 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1657 165820150827: 1659 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1660 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1661 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1662 166320150817: 1664 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1665 them, the kernel must have 1666 1667 device random 1668 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1669 1670 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1671 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1672 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1673 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1674 1675 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1676 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1677 167820150813: 1679 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1680 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1681 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1682 168320150810: 1684 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1685 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1686 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1687 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1688 1689 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1690 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1691 difference with this change. 1692 1693 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1694 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1695 remove that workaround. 1696 169720150809: 1698 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1699 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1700 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1701 with: 1702 1703 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1704 170520150806: 1706 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1707 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1708 loader.rc.local instead. 1709 171020150805: 1711 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1712 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1713 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1714 171520150728: 1716 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1717 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1718 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1719 1720 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1721 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1722 172320150706: 1724 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1725 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1726 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1727 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1728 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1729 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1730 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1731 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1732 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1733 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1734 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1735 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1736 173720150630: 1738 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1739 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1740 1741 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1742 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1743 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1744 1745 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1746 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1747 1748 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1749 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1750 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1751 1752 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1753 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1754 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1755 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1756 1757 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1758 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1759 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1760 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1761 1762 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1763 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1764 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1765 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1766 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1767 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1768 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1769 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1770 will never happen. 1771 177220150623: 1773 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1774 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1775 177620150616: 1777 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1778 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1779 178020150615: 1781 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1782 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1783 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1784 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1785 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1786 178720150614: 1788 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1789 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1790 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1791 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1792 179320150614: 1794 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1795 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1796 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1797 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1798 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1799 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1800 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1801 1802 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1803 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1804 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1805 replace it with '2'. 1806 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1807 a file path, create a new file with: 1808 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1809 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1810 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1811 5. Restart sendmail: 1812 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1813 1814 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1815 updated. 1816 181720150604: 1818 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1819 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1820 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1821 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1822 5.x. 1823 1824 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1825 182620150525: 1827 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1828 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1829 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1830 183120150521: 1832 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1833 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1834 and Pandaboard: 1835 1836 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1837 same but content is different now 1838 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1839 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1840 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1841 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1842 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1843 184420150501: 1845 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1846 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1847 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1848 184920150423: 1850 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1851 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1852 185320150415: 1854 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1855 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1856 185720150416: 1858 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1859 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1860 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1861 186220150324: 1863 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1864 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1865 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1866 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1867 186820150315: 1869 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1870 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1871 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1872 187320150307: 1874 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1875 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1876 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1877 kernel before rebooting. 1878 187920150217: 1880 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1881 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1882 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1883 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1884 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1885 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1886 188720150210: 1888 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1889 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1890 with the new kernel. 1891 189220150131: 1893 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1894 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1895 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1896 189720150118: 1898 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1899 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1900 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1901 are not already using 3.5.0. 1902 190320150107: 1904 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1905 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1906 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1907 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1908 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1909 191020150105: 1911 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1912 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1913 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1914 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1915 191620150102: 1917 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1918 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1919 192020141231: 1921 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1922 1923 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1924 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1925 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1926 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1927 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1928 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1929 later. 1930 1931 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1932 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1933 of the box. 1934 1935 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1936 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1937 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1938 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1939 1940 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1941 the instructions for 9.x above. 1942 1943 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1944 default, and do not build clang. 1945 1946 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1947 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1948 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1949 1950 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1951 the following are most likely to appear: 1952 1953 -Wabsolute-value 1954 1955 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1956 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1957 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1958 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1959 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1960 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1961 cast, or disable the warning. 1962 1963 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1964 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1965 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1966 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1967 side-effects. 1968 1969 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1970 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1971 1972 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1973 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1974 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1975 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1976 1977 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1978 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1979 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1980 unreachable could be optimized away. 1981 198220141222: 1983 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1984 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1985 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1986 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1987 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1988 the utilities will report errors. 1989 199020141121: 1991 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1992 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1993 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1994 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1995 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1996 LOCAL_DIRS. 1997 199820141109: 1999 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 2000 has been obsolete for a very long time. 2001 200220141104: 2003 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 2004 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 2005 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 2006 drivers. 2007 2008 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 2009 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 2010 indicate what you need to do. 2011 2012 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 2013 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 2014 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 2015 2016 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 2017 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 2018 kern.vty=sc 2019 202020141102: 2021 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 2022 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 2023 execute it. 2024 202520141009: 2026 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 2027 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 2028 devel/gperf port. 2029 203020140923: 2031 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 2032 contrib/pjdfstest . 2033 203420140922: 2035 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 2036 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 2037 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 2038 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 2039 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 2040 their next update cycle. 2041 204220140729: 2043 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 2044 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 2045 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 2046 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 2047 1.12.4_8 or newer. 2048 204920140723: 2050 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 2051 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 2052 205320140719: 2054 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 2055 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 2056 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 2057 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 2058 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 2059 new configuration. 2060 206120140709: 2062 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 2063 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 2064 them again. 2065 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 2066 206720140708: 2068 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 2069 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 2070 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 2071 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 2072 requires readline. 2073 207420140702: 2075 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 2076 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 2077 architecture. 2078 207920140701: 2080 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 2081 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 2082 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 2083 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 2084 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2085 208620140629: 2087 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 2088 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 2089 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 2090 209120140619: 2092 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 2093 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 2094 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 2095 209620140606: 2097 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 2098 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 2099 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 2100 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 2101 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 2102 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 2103 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 2104 "make installworld". 2105 2106 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 2107 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 2108 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 2109 is run. 2110 2111 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 2112 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 2113 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 2114 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 2115 be removed during a clean upgrade. 2116 211720140512: 2118 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 2119 212020140508: 2121 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 2122 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 2123 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 2124 212520140505: 2126 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 2127 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 2128 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 2129 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 2130 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 2131 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 2132 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 2133 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 2134 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 2135 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 2136 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 2137 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 2138 2139 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 2140 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 2141 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 2142 as well. 2143 214420140430: 2145 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 2146 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2147 214820140424: 2149 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 2150 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 2151 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 2152 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 2153 build hosts for older releases. 2154 2155 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 2156 r276991, respectively. 2157 215820140418: 2159 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 2160 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 2161 will silently lack HESIOD. 2162 216320140405: 2164 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 2165 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 2166 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 2167 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 2168 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 2169 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 2170 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 2171 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 2172 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 2173 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 2174 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 2175 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 2176 217720140306: 2178 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 2179 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 2180 with command line option -W. 2181 218220140226: 2183 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 2184 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 2185 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 2186 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 2187 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 2188 218920140216: 2190 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 2191 219220140216: 2193 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 2194 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 2195 219620140212: 2197 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 2198 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 2199 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 2200 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 2201 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 2202 220320140204: 2204 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 2205 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 2206 kernel is still highly recommended. 2207 220820140131: 2209 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 2210 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 2211 capability mode support in kernel. 2212 221320140128: 2214 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 2215 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 2216 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 2217 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 2218 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 2219 222020140110: 2221 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 2222 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 2223 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 2224 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 2225 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 2226 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 2227 222820131213: 2229 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 2230 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 2231 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 2232 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 2233 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 2234 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 2235 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 2236 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 2237 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 2238 223920131108: 2240 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 2241 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 2242 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 2243 should change your settings to use the latter. 2244 224520131025: 2246 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 2247 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 2248 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 2249 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 2250 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 2251 225220131014: 2253 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 2254 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 2255 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 2256 delete-old-libs": 2257 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 2258 or 2259 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 2260 226120131010: 2262 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 2263 revision r256279. 2264 2265COMMON ITEMS: 2266 2267 General Notes 2268 ------------- 2269 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2270 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2271 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2272 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2273 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2274 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2275 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2276 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2277 2278 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2279 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2280 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2281 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2282 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2283 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2284 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2285 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2286 an exception. 2287 2288 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2289 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2290 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2291 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2292 step. 2293 2294 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2295 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2296 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2297 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2298 2299 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2300 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2301 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2302 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2303 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2304 should write them with this in mind. 2305 2306 ZFS notes 2307 --------- 2308 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 2309 these two steps: 2310 2311 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2312 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2313 2314 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 2315 2316 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the 2317 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2318 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0" 2319 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if 2320 booting from EFI). 2321 2322 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2323 2324 To build a kernel 2325 ----------------- 2326 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2327 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2328 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2329 2330 make kernel-toolchain 2331 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2332 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2333 2334 To test a kernel once 2335 --------------------- 2336 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2337 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2338 debugging information) run 2339 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2340 nextboot -k testkernel 2341 2342 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2343 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2344 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2345 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2346 2347 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2348 make buildworld 2349 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2350 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2351 [1] 2352 <reboot in single user> [3] 2353 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2354 make installworld 2355 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2356 make delete-old [6] 2357 <reboot> 2358 2359 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2360 -------------------------------------------------- 2361 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2362 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2363 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2364 # size. 2365 2366 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2367 <boot into -stable> 2368 make buildworld 2369 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2370 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2371 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2372 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2373 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2374 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2375 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2376 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2377 <reboot into current> 2378 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2379 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2380 <reboot> 2381 2382 2383 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2384 ---------------------------------------------- 2385 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2386 make buildworld [9] 2387 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2388 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2389 [1] 2390 <reboot in single user> [3] 2391 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2392 make installworld 2393 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2394 make delete-old [6] 2395 <reboot> 2396 2397 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2398 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2399 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2400 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2401 the UPDATING entries. 2402 2403 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2404 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2405 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2406 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2407 much fewer pitfalls. 2408 2409 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 2410 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2411 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2412 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2413 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2414 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2415 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2416 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2417 and effective, eg: 2418 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 2419 2420 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2421 fsck -p 2422 mount -u / 2423 mount -a 2424 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2425 cd src # full path to source 2426 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2427 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2428 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2429 2430 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2431 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2432 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2433 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2434 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2435 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2436 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2437 2438 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2439 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2440 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2441 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2442 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2443 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2444 2445 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2446 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2447 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2448 2449 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2450 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2451 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2452 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2453 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2454 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2455 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2456 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2457 2458 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2459 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2460 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2461 for these as well. 2462 2463 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2464 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2465 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2466 2467 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2468 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2469 warn if it is improperly defined. 2470FORMAT: 2471 2472This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2473breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2474list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2475If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2476to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2477 2478Copyright information: 2479 2480Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2481 2482Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2483modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2484document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2485 2486THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2487IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2488WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2489DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2490INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2491(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2492SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2493HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2494STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2495IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2496POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2497 2498Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2499this document. 2500 2501$FreeBSD$ 2502