1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 15 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 16 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 17 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 18 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 19 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 20 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 21 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 22 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 23 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 24 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 25 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 26 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 27 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 28 2920191009: 30 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 31 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 32 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 33 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 34 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 35 will be removed from the list. 36 3720191009: 38 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 39 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 40 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 41 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 42 4320191003: 44 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 45 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 46 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 47 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 48 4920190913: 50 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 51 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 52 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 53 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 54 5520190823: 56 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 57 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 58 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 59 6020190727: 61 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 62 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 63 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 64 your scripts, because they had no effect. 65 66 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 67 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 68 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 69 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 70 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 71 7220190713: 73 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 74 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 75 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 76 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 77 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 78 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 79 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 80 8120190620: 82 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 83 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 84 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 85 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 86 8720190612: 88 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 89 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 90 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 91 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 92 9320190608: 94 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 95 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 96 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 97 9820190513: 99 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 100 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 101 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 102 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 103 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 104 avoid running into the limit. 105 10620190507: 107 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 108 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 109 11020190507: 111 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 112 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 113 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 114 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 115 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 116 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 117 11820190418: 119 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 120 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 121 entropy: 122 123 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 124 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 125 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 126 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 127 availability properties. 128 129 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 130 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 131 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 132 initial condition, if desired. 133 134 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 135 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 136 137 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 138 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 139 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 140 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 141 14220190416: 143 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 144 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 145 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 146 therefore unblocked). 147 14820190404: 149 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 150 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 151 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 152 is added to the command line. 153 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 154 not affected and should continue to work. 155 15620190320: 157 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 158 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 159 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 160 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 161 16220190304: 163 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 164 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 165 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 166 or higher. 167 16820190226: 169 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 170 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 171 kernel config. 172 17320190219: 174 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 175 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 176 migrating to the drm ports. 177 17820190131: 179 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 180 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 181 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 182 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 183 is loaded automatically. 184 18520190125: 186 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 187 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 188 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 189 kernel config files. 190 19120181230: 192 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 193 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 194 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 195 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 196 19720181220: 198 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 199 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 200 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 201 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 202 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 203 most NFSv4 mounts. 204 20520181219: 206 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 207 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 208 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 209 210 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 211 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 212 213 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 214 removed from the mips port. 215 21620181211: 217 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 218 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 219 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 220 or higher. 221 22220181211: 223 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 224 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 225 22620181126: 227 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 228 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 229 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 230 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 231 23220181123: 233 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 234 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 235 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 236 23720181115: 238 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 239 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 240 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 241 FreeBSD versions. 242 24320181110: 244 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 245 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 246 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 247 248 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 249 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 250 being included using the command: 251 $ newsyslog -Nrv 252 25320181015: 254 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 255 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 256 drm-legacy-kmod. 257 258 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 259 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 260 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 261 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 262 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 263 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 264 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 265 that as you will get better support. 266 267 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 268 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 269 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 270 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 271 272 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 273 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 274 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 275 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 276 shortly. 277 27820181012: 279 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 280 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 281 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 282 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 283 be adjusted as necessary. 284 28520181009: 286 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 287 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 288 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 289 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 290 29120181006: 292 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 293 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 294 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 295 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 296 encouraged. 297 29820181002: 299 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 300 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 301 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 302 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 303 nda device name. 304 30520180913: 306 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 307 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 308 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 309 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 310 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 311 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 312 31320180826: 314 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 315 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 316 default since FreeBSD-11. 317 31820180822: 319 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 320 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 321 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 322 32320180818: 324 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 325 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 326 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 327 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 328 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 329 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 330 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 331 332 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 333 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 334 33520180815: 336 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 337 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 338 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 339 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 340 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 341 may not be observed in a future release. 342 34320180808: 344 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 345 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 346 your environment. 347 34820180731: 349 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 350 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 351 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 352 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 353 35420180730: 355 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 356 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 357 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 358 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 359 runtime services. 360 36120180727: 362 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 363 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 364 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 365 36620180723: 367 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 368 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 369 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 370 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 371 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 372 37320180720: 374 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 375 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 376 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 377 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 378 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 379 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 380 38120180719: 382 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 383 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 384 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 385 boot_serial=YES 386 boot_multicons=YES 387 in /boot/loader.conf 388 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 389 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 390 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 391 39220180719: 393 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 394 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 395 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 396 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 397 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 398 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 399 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 400 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 401 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 402 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 403 by the ntpd user. 404 40520180717: 406 Big endian arm support has been removed. 407 40820180711: 409 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 410 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 411 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 412 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 413 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 414 41520180705: 416 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 417 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 418 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 419 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 420 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 421 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 422 42320180702: 424 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 425 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 426 42720180701: 428 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 429 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 430 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 431 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 432 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 433 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 434 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 435 43620180630: 437 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 438 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 439 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 440 or higher. 441 44220180628: 443 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 444 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 445 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 446 file. 447 44820180612: 449 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 450 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 451 45220180530: 453 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 454 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 455 longer necessary. 456 45720180530: 458 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 459 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 460 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 461 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 462 46320180523: 464 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 465 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 466 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 467 later than r334108. 468 46920180517: 470 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 471 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 472 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 473 it must be removed. 474 47520180510: 476 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 477 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 478 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 479 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 480 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 481 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 482 will go away. 483 484 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 485 workaround is necessary. 486 48720180508: 488 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 489 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 490 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 491 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 492 49320180504: 494 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 495 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 496 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 497 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 498 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 499 50020180502: 501 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 502 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 503 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 504 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 505 50620180501: 507 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 508 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 509 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 510 be removed. 511 51220180413: 513 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 514 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 515 removed. 516 51720180411: 518 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 519 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 520 removed. 521 52220180406: 523 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 524 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 525 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 526 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 527 microseconds and time zone offsets. 528 529 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 530 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 531 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 532 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 533 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 534 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 535 adjustments, depending on the software used. 536 537 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 538 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 539 540 source src { 541 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 542 } 543 544 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 545 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 546 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 547 548 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 549 550 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 551 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 552 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 553 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 554 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 555 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 556 thus expected to continue to function as before. 557 558 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 559 change. 560 56120180328: 562 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 563 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 564 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 565 56620180323: 567 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 568 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 569 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 570 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 571 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 572 should be as simple as: 573 574 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 575 $ make depend all install 576 57720180212: 578 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 579 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 580 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 581 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 582 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 583 provisions for backup boot methods. 584 58520180211: 586 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 587 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 588 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 589 imp@freebsd.org. 590 59120180114: 592 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 593 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 594 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 595 or higher. 596 59720180110: 598 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 599 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 600 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 601 602 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 603 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 604 60520180110: 606 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 607 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 608 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 609 remove it from kernel config files. 610 61120180104: 612 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 613 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 614 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 615 616 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 617 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 618 61920180102: 620 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 621 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 622 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 623 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 624 62520171215: 626 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 627 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 628 62920171214: 630 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 631 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 632 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 633 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 634 63520171125: 636 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 637 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 638 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 639 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 640 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 641 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 642 64320171110: 644 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 645 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 646 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 647 64820171106: 649 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 650 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 651 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 652 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 653 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 654 65520171102: 656 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 657 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 658 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 659 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 660 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 661 environment. 662 66320171101: 664 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 665 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 666 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 667 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 668 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 669 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 670 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 671 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 672 than hardcoding paths. 673 67420171028: 675 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 676 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 677 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 678 67920171021: 680 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 681 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 682 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 683 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 684 68520171010: 686 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 687 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 688 68920171005: 690 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 691 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 692 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 693 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 694 69520171003: 696 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 697 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 698 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 699 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 700 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 701 70220170912: 703 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 704 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 705 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 706 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 707 /etc/ctl.conf . 708 70920170912: 710 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 711 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 712 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 713 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 714 soft-float everything else should be affected. 715 71620170826: 717 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 718 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 719 72020170825: 721 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 722 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 723 to complete. 724 72520170814: 726 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 727 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 728 ${TESTSDIR}. 729 730 Behavioral changes: 731 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 732 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 733 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 734 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 735 736 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 737 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 738 sandbox if successful. 739 740 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 741 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 742 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 743 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 744 an unprivileged user. 745 74620170808: 747 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 748 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 749 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 750 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 751 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 752 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 753 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 754 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 755 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 756 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 757 to which you should answer yes. 758 75920170728: 760 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 761 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 762 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 763 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 764 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 765 76620170722: 767 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 768 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 769 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 770 77120170701: 772 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 773 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 774 77520170625: 776 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 777 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 778 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 779 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 780 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 781 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 782 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 783 78420170623: 785 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 786 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 787 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 788 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 789 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 790 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 791 79220170620: 793 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 794 if you require the GPL compiler. 795 79620170618: 797 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 798 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 799 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 800 80120170617: 802 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 803 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 804 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 805 followed. 806 80720170531: 808 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 809 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 810 from ports (and recommends to install it). 811 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 812 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 813 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 814 81520170524: 816 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 817 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 818 which only require one chipset support. 819 820 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 821 822 if_ath_load="YES" 823 824 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 825 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 826 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 827 828 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 829 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 830 831 * load ath_hal 832 * load the chip modules in question 833 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 834 * load ath_main 835 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 836 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 837 838 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 839 84020170523: 841 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 842 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 843 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 844 845 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 846 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 847 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 848 849 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 850 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 851 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 852 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 853 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 854 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 855 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 856 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 857 85820170424: 859 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 860 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 861 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 862 86320170420: 864 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 865 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 866 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 867 86820170413: 869 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 870 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 871 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 872 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 873 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 874 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 875 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 876 87720170407: 878 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 879 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 880 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 881 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 882 88320170405: 884 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 885 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 886 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 887 88820170331: 889 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 890 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 891 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 892 89320170329: 894 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 895 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 896 897 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 898 via one of the following methods: 899 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 900 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 901 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 902 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 903 904 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 905 90620170316: 907 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 908 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 909 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 910 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 911 with mmc.ko). 912 91320170315: 914 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 915 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 916 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 917 be prefixed with colon. 918 91920170311: 920 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 921 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 922 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 923 92420170302: 925 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 926 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 927 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 928 92920170221: 930 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 931 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 932 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 933 change. 934 93520170216: 936 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 937 valid. 938 93920170215: 940 MCA bus support has been removed. 941 94220170127: 943 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 944 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 945 94620170112: 947 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 948 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 949 95020170109: 951 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 952 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 953 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 954 configuration. 955 95620161217: 957 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 958 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 959 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 960 96120161124: 962 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 963 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 964 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 965 96620161119: 967 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 968 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 969 that link against it need to be recompiled. 970 97120161030: 972 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 973 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 974 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 975 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 976 97720161017: 978 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 979 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 980 parts. 981 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 982 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 983 98420161015: 985 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 986 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 987 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 988 removed from base. 989 99020161008: 991 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 992 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 993 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 994 99520161003: 996 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 997 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 998 99920160924: 1000 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1001 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1002 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1003 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1004 100520160918: 1006 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1007 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1008 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1009 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1010 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1011 101220160918: 1013 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1014 101520160908: 1016 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1017 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1018 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1019 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1020 102120160824: 1022 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1023 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1024 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1025 to 1200005. 1026 102720160818: 1028 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1029 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1030 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1031 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1032 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1033 0. 1034 103520160818: 1036 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1037 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1038 103920160708: 1040 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1041 104220160622: 1043 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 1044 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 1045 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 1046 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 1047 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 1048 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 1049 kernel. 1050 105120160527: 1052 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 1053 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 1054 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 1055 previously contained a line like 1056 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 1057 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 1058 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 1059 generally be fine. 1060 106120160523: 1062 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 1063 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 1064 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 1065 built with the old headers. 1066 106720160520: 1068 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 1069 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 1070 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 1071 installing a new libc. 1072 107320160517: 1074 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 1075 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 1076 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 1077 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 1078 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 1079 packages will be needed. 1080 1081 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 1082 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 1083 and the install steps. 1084 108520160510: 1086 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 1087 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 1088 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 1089 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 1090 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 1091 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 1092 109320160414: 1094 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 1095 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 1096 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 1097 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 1098 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 1099 1100 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1101 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1102 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 1103 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 1104 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 1105 1106 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 1107 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 1108 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 1109 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 1110 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 1111 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 1112 vendors work. 1113 1114 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 1115 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 1116 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 1117 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 1118 quirks entry to 0x3. 1119 112020160330: 1121 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 1122 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 1123 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 1124 112520160317: 1126 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 1127 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 1128 112920160311: 1130 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 1131 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 1132 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 1133 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 1134 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 1135 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 1136 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 1137 stale .depend files. 1138 113920160306: 1140 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 1141 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 1142 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 1143 rebooting, e.g.: 1144 1145 make buildworld 1146 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1147 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1148 make -C sys/boot install 1149 <reboot in single user> 1150 1151 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 1152 below. 1153 115420160305: 1155 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 1156 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1157 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1158 115920160301: 1160 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 1161 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 1162 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 1163 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 1164 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 1165 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 1166 116720160226: 1168 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 1169 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 1170 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 1171 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 1172 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 1173 117420160129: 1175 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 1176 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 1177 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 1178 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 1179 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1180 118120160119: 1182 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1183 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1184 118520160113: 1186 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1187 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1188 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1189 119020151216: 1191 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1192 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1193 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1194 other loaders. 1195 119620151211: 1197 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1198 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1199 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1200 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1201 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1202 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1203 120420151207: 1205 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1206 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1207 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1208 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1209 in src.conf(5). 1210 121120151130: 1212 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1213 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1214 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1215 121620151108: 1217 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1218 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1219 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1220 1221 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1222 collation results will be different. 1223 1224 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1225 locales before running make installworld. 1226 1227 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1228 122920151030: 1230 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1231 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1232 123320151020: 1234 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1235 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1236 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1237 123820151017: 1239 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1240 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1241 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1242 and 'make -N' will not. 1243 124420151012: 1245 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1246 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1247 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1248 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1249 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1250 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1251 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1252 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1253 125420151011: 1255 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1256 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1257 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1258 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1259 126020151006: 1261 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1262 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1263 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1264 126520150924: 1266 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1267 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1268 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1269 userland debug files. 1270 1271 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1272 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1273 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1274 1275 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1276 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1277 127820150827: 1279 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1280 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1281 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1282 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1283 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1284 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1285 128620150827: 1287 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1288 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1289 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1290 129120150817: 1292 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1293 them, the kernel must have 1294 1295 device random 1296 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1297 1298 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1299 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1300 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1301 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1302 1303 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1304 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1305 130620150813: 1307 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1308 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1309 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1310 131120150810: 1312 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1313 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1314 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1315 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1316 1317 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1318 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1319 difference with this change. 1320 1321 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1322 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1323 remove that workaround. 1324 132520150809: 1326 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1327 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1328 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1329 with: 1330 1331 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1332 133320150806: 1334 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1335 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1336 loader.rc.local instead. 1337 133820150805: 1339 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1340 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1341 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1342 134320150728: 1344 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1345 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1346 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1347 1348 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1349 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1350 135120150706: 1352 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1353 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1354 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1355 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1356 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1357 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1358 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1359 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1360 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1361 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1362 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1363 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1364 136520150630: 1366 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1367 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1368 1369 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1370 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1371 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1372 1373 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1374 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1375 1376 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1377 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1378 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1379 1380 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1381 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1382 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1383 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1384 1385 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1386 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1387 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1388 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1389 1390 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1391 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1392 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1393 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1394 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1395 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1396 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1397 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1398 will never happen. 1399 140020150623: 1401 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1402 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1403 140420150616: 1405 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1406 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1407 140820150615: 1409 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1410 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1411 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1412 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1413 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1414 141520150614: 1416 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1417 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1418 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1419 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1420 142120150614: 1422 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1423 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1424 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1425 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1426 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1427 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1428 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1429 1430 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1431 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1432 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1433 replace it with '2'. 1434 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1435 a file path, create a new file with: 1436 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1437 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1438 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1439 5. Restart sendmail: 1440 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1441 1442 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1443 updated. 1444 144520150604: 1446 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1447 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1448 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1449 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1450 5.x. 1451 1452 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1453 145420150525: 1455 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1456 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1457 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1458 145920150521: 1460 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1461 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1462 and Pandaboard: 1463 1464 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1465 same but content is different now 1466 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1467 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1468 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1469 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1470 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1471 147220150501: 1473 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1474 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1475 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1476 147720150423: 1478 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1479 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1480 148120150415: 1482 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1483 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1484 148520150416: 1486 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1487 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1488 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1489 149020150324: 1491 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1492 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1493 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1494 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1495 149620150315: 1497 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1498 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1499 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1500 150120150307: 1502 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1503 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1504 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1505 kernel before rebooting. 1506 150720150217: 1508 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1509 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1510 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1511 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1512 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1513 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1514 151520150210: 1516 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1517 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1518 with the new kernel. 1519 152020150131: 1521 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1522 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1523 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1524 152520150118: 1526 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1527 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1528 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1529 are not already using 3.5.0. 1530 153120150107: 1532 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1533 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1534 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1535 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1536 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1537 153820150105: 1539 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1540 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1541 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1542 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1543 154420150102: 1545 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1546 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1547 154820141231: 1549 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1550 1551 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1552 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1553 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1554 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1555 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1556 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1557 later. 1558 1559 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1560 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1561 of the box. 1562 1563 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1564 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1565 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1566 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1567 1568 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1569 the instructions for 9.x above. 1570 1571 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1572 default, and do not build clang. 1573 1574 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1575 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1576 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1577 1578 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1579 the following are most likely to appear: 1580 1581 -Wabsolute-value 1582 1583 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1584 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1585 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1586 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1587 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1588 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1589 cast, or disable the warning. 1590 1591 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1592 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1593 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1594 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1595 side-effects. 1596 1597 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1598 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1599 1600 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1601 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1602 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1603 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1604 1605 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1606 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1607 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1608 unreachable could be optimized away. 1609 161020141222: 1611 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1612 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1613 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1614 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1615 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1616 the utilities will report errors. 1617 161820141121: 1619 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1620 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1621 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1622 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1623 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1624 LOCAL_DIRS. 1625 162620141109: 1627 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1628 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1629 163020141104: 1631 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1632 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1633 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1634 drivers. 1635 1636 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1637 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1638 indicate what you need to do. 1639 1640 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1641 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1642 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1643 1644 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1645 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1646 kern.vty=sc 1647 164820141102: 1649 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1650 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1651 execute it. 1652 165320141009: 1654 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1655 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1656 devel/gperf port. 1657 165820140923: 1659 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1660 contrib/pjdfstest . 1661 166220140922: 1663 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1664 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1665 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1666 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1667 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1668 their next update cycle. 1669 167020140729: 1671 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1672 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1673 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1674 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1675 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1676 167720140723: 1678 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1679 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1680 168120140719: 1682 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1683 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1684 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1685 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1686 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1687 new configuration. 1688 168920140709: 1690 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1691 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1692 them again. 1693 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1694 169520140708: 1696 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1697 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1698 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1699 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1700 requires readline. 1701 170220140702: 1703 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1704 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1705 architecture. 1706 170720140701: 1708 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1709 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1710 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1711 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1712 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1713 171420140629: 1715 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1716 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1717 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1718 171920140619: 1720 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1721 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1722 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1723 172420140606: 1725 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1726 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1727 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1728 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1729 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1730 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1731 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1732 "make installworld". 1733 1734 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1735 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1736 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1737 is run. 1738 1739 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1740 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1741 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1742 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1743 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1744 174520140512: 1746 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1747 174820140508: 1749 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1750 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1751 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1752 175320140505: 1754 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1755 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1756 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1757 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1758 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1759 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1760 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1761 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1762 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1763 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1764 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1765 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1766 1767 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1768 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1769 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1770 as well. 1771 177220140430: 1773 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1774 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1775 177620140424: 1777 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1778 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1779 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1780 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1781 build hosts for older releases. 1782 1783 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1784 r276991, respectively. 1785 178620140418: 1787 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1788 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1789 will silently lack HESIOD. 1790 179120140405: 1792 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1793 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1794 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1795 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1796 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1797 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1798 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1799 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1800 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1801 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1802 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1803 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1804 180520140306: 1806 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1807 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1808 with command line option -W. 1809 181020140226: 1811 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1812 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1813 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1814 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1815 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1816 181720140216: 1818 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1819 182020140216: 1821 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1822 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1823 182420140212: 1825 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1826 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1827 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1828 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1829 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1830 183120140204: 1832 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1833 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1834 kernel is still highly recommended. 1835 183620140131: 1837 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1838 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1839 capability mode support in kernel. 1840 184120140128: 1842 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1843 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1844 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1845 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1846 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1847 184820140110: 1849 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1850 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1851 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1852 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1853 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1854 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1855 185620131213: 1857 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1858 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1859 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1860 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1861 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1862 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1863 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1864 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1865 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1866 186720131108: 1868 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1869 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1870 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1871 should change your settings to use the latter. 1872 187320131025: 1874 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1875 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1876 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1877 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1878 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1879 188020131014: 1881 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1882 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1883 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1884 delete-old-libs": 1885 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1886 or 1887 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1888 188920131010: 1890 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1891 revision r256279. 1892 1893COMMON ITEMS: 1894 1895 General Notes 1896 ------------- 1897 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1898 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1899 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1900 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1901 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1902 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1903 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1904 1905 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1906 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1907 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1908 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1909 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1910 1911 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1912 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1913 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1914 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1915 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1916 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1917 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1918 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1919 an exception. 1920 1921 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1922 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1923 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1924 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1925 1926 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1927 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1928 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1929 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1930 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1931 should write them with this in mind. 1932 1933 ZFS notes 1934 --------- 1935 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1936 these two steps: 1937 1938 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1939 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1940 1941 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1942 1943 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1944 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1945 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1946 1947 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1948 1949 To build a kernel 1950 ----------------- 1951 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1952 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1953 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1954 1955 make kernel-toolchain 1956 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1957 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1958 1959 To test a kernel once 1960 --------------------- 1961 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1962 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1963 debugging information) run 1964 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1965 nextboot -k testkernel 1966 1967 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1968 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1969 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1970 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1971 1972 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1973 make buildworld 1974 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1975 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1976 [1] 1977 <reboot in single user> [3] 1978 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1979 make installworld 1980 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1981 make delete-old [6] 1982 <reboot> 1983 1984 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1985 -------------------------------------------------- 1986 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1987 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1988 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1989 # size. 1990 1991 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1992 <boot into -stable> 1993 make buildworld 1994 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1995 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1996 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1997 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1998 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1999 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2000 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2001 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2002 <reboot into current> 2003 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2004 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2005 <reboot> 2006 2007 2008 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2009 ---------------------------------------------- 2010 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2011 make buildworld [9] 2012 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2013 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2014 [1] 2015 <reboot in single user> [3] 2016 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2017 make installworld 2018 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2019 make delete-old [6] 2020 <reboot> 2021 2022 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2023 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2024 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2025 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2026 the UPDATING entries. 2027 2028 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2029 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2030 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2031 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2032 much fewer pitfalls. 2033 2034 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 2035 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 2036 system on reboot. 2037 2038 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2039 fsck -p 2040 mount -u / 2041 mount -a 2042 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2043 cd src # full path to source 2044 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2045 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 2046 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 2047 2048 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2049 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2050 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2051 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2052 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2053 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2054 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2055 2056 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2057 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2058 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2059 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2060 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2061 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2062 2063 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2064 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2065 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2066 2067 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2068 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2069 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2070 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2071 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2072 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2073 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2074 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2075 2076 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2077 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2078 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2079 for these as well. 2080 2081 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2082 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2083 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2084 2085 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2086 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2087 warn if it is improperly defined. 2088FORMAT: 2089 2090This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2091breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2092list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2093If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2094to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2095 2096Copyright information: 2097 2098Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. 2099 2100Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2101modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2102document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2103 2104THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2105IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2106WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2107DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2108INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2109(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2110SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2111HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2112STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2113IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2114POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2115 2116Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2117this document. 2118 2119$FreeBSD$ 2120