xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 55b92c5ffa16d42d3d0f19e402f39d1a7ea22c19)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
19	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
20	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
21	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
25	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
28
2920191009:
30	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
31	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
32	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
33	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
34	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
35	will be removed from the list.
36
3720191009:
38	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
39	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
40	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
41	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
42
4320191003:
44	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
45	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
46	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
47	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
48
4920190913:
50	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
51	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
52	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
53	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
54
5520190823:
56	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
57	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
58	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
59
6020190727:
61	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
62	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
63	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
64	your scripts, because they had no effect.
65
66	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
67	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
68	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
69	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
70	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
71
7220190713:
73	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
74	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
75	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
76	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
77	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
78	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
79	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
80
8120190620:
82	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
83	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
84	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
85	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
86
8720190612:
88	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
89	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
90	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
91	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
92
9320190608:
94	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
95	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
96	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
97
9820190513:
99	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
100	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
101	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
102	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
103	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
104	avoid running into the limit.
105
10620190507:
107	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
108	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
109
11020190507:
111	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
112	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
113	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
114	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
115	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
116	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
117
11820190418:
119	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
120	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
121	entropy:
122
123	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
124	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
125	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
126	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
127	availability properties.
128
129	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
130	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
131	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
132	initial condition, if desired.
133
134	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
135	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
136
137	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
138	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
139	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
140	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
141
14220190416:
143	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
144	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
145	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
146	therefore unblocked).
147
14820190404:
149	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
150	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
151	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
152	is added to the command line.
153	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
154	not affected and should continue to work.
155
15620190320:
157	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
158	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
159	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
160	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
161
16220190304:
163	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
164	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
165	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
166	or higher.
167
16820190226:
169	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
170	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
171	kernel config.
172
17320190219:
174	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
175	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
176	migrating to the drm ports.
177
17820190131:
179	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
180	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
181	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
182	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
183	is loaded automatically.
184
18520190125:
186	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
187	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
188	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
189	kernel config files.
190
19120181230:
192	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
193	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
194	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
195	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
196
19720181220:
198	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
199	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
200	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
201	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
202	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
203	most NFSv4 mounts.
204
20520181219:
206	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
207	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
208	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
209
210	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
211	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
212
213	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
214	removed from the mips port.
215
21620181211:
217	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
218	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
219	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
220	or higher.
221
22220181211:
223	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
224	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
225
22620181126:
227	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
228	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
229	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
230	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
231
23220181123:
233	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
234	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
235	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
236
23720181115:
238	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
239	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
240	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
241	FreeBSD versions.
242
24320181110:
244	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
245	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
246	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
247
248	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
249	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
250	being included using the command:
251		$ newsyslog -Nrv
252
25320181015:
254	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
255	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
256	drm-legacy-kmod.
257
258	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
259	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
260	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
261	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
262	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
263	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
264	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
265	that as you will get better support.
266
267	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
268	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
269	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
270	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
271
272	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
273	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
274	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
275	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
276	shortly.
277
27820181012:
279	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
280	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
281	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
282	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
283	be adjusted as necessary.
284
28520181009:
286	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
287	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
288	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
289	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
290
29120181006:
292	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
293	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
294	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
295	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
296	encouraged.
297
29820181002:
299	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
300	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
301	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
302	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
303	nda device name.
304
30520180913:
306	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
307	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
308	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
309	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
310	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
311	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
312
31320180826:
314	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
315	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
316	default since FreeBSD-11.
317
31820180822:
319	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
320	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
321	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
322
32320180818:
324	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
325	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
326	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
327	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
328	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
329	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
330	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
331
332	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
333	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
334
33520180815:
336	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
337	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
338	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
339	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
340	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
341	may not be observed in a future release.
342
34320180808:
344	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
345	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
346	your environment.
347
34820180731:
349	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
350	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
351	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
352	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
353
35420180730:
355	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
356	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
357	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
358	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
359	runtime services.
360
36120180727:
362	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
363	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
364	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
365
36620180723:
367	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
368	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
369	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
370	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
371	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
372
37320180720:
374	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
375	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
376	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
377	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
378	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
379	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
380
38120180719:
382	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
383	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
384	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
385	boot_serial=YES
386	boot_multicons=YES
387	in /boot/loader.conf
388	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
389	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
390	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
391
39220180719:
393	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
394	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
395	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
396	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
397	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
398	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
399	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
400	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
401	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
402	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
403	by the ntpd user.
404
40520180717:
406	Big endian arm support has been removed.
407
40820180711:
409	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
410	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
411	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
412	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
413	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
414
41520180705:
416	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
417	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
418	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
419	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
420	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
421	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
422
42320180702:
424	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
425	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
426
42720180701:
428	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
429	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
430	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
431	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
432	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
433	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
434	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
435
43620180630:
437	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
438	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
439	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
440	or higher.
441
44220180628:
443	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
444	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
445	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
446	file.
447
44820180612:
449	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
450	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
451
45220180530:
453	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
454	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
455	longer necessary.
456
45720180530:
458	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
459	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
460	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
461	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
462
46320180523:
464	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
465	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
466	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
467	later than r334108.
468
46920180517:
470	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
471	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
472	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
473	it must be removed.
474
47520180510:
476	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
477	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
478	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
479	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
480	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
481	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
482	will go away.
483
484	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
485	workaround is necessary.
486
48720180508:
488	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
489	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
490	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
491	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
492
49320180504:
494	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
495	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
496	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
497	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
498	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
499
50020180502:
501	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
502	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
503	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
504	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
505
50620180501:
507	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
508	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
509	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
510	be removed.
511
51220180413:
513	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
514	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
515	removed.
516
51720180411:
518	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
519	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
520	removed.
521
52220180406:
523	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
524	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
525	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
526	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
527	microseconds and time zone offsets.
528
529	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
530	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
531	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
532	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
533	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
534	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
535	adjustments, depending on the software used.
536
537	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
538	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
539
540		source src {
541			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
542		}
543
544	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
545	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
546	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
547
548		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
549
550	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
551	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
552	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
553	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
554	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
555	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
556	thus expected to continue to function as before.
557
558	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
559	change.
560
56120180328:
562	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
563	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
564	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
565
56620180323:
567	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
568	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
569	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
570	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
571	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
572	should be as simple as:
573
574		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
575		$ make depend all install
576
57720180212:
578	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
579	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
580	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
581	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
582	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
583	provisions for backup boot methods.
584
58520180211:
586	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
587	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
588	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
589	imp@freebsd.org.
590
59120180114:
592	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
593	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
594	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
595	or higher.
596
59720180110:
598	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
599	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
600	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
601
602	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
603	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
604
60520180110:
606	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
607	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
608	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
609	remove it from kernel config files.
610
61120180104:
612	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
613	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
614	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
615
616	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
617	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
618
61920180102:
620	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
621	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
622	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
623	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
624
62520171215:
626	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
627	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
628
62920171214:
630	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
631	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
632	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
633	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
634
63520171125:
636	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
637	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
638	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
639	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
640	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
641	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
642
64320171110:
644	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
645	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
646	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
647
64820171106:
649	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
650	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
651	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
652	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
653	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
654
65520171102:
656	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
657	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
658	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
659	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
660	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
661	environment.
662
66320171101:
664	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
665	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
666	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
667	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
668	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
669	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
670	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
671	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
672	than hardcoding paths.
673
67420171028:
675	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
676	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
677	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
678
67920171021:
680	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
681	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
682	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
683	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
684
68520171010:
686	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
687	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
688
68920171005:
690	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
691	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
692	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
693	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
694
69520171003:
696	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
697	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
698	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
699	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
700	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
701
70220170912:
703	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
704	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
705	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
706	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
707	/etc/ctl.conf .
708
70920170912:
710	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
711	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
712	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
713	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
714	soft-float everything else should be affected.
715
71620170826:
717	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
718	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
719
72020170825:
721	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
722	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
723	to complete.
724
72520170814:
726	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
727	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
728	${TESTSDIR}.
729
730	Behavioral changes:
731	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
732	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
733	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
734	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
735
736	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
737	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
738	sandbox if successful.
739
740	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
741	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
742	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
743	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
744	an unprivileged user.
745
74620170808:
747	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
748	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
749	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
750	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
751	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
752	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
753	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
754	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
755	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
756	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
757	to which you should answer yes.
758
75920170728:
760	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
761	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
762	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
763	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
764	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
765
76620170722:
767	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
768	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
769	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
770
77120170701:
772	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
773	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
774
77520170625:
776	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
777	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
778	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
779	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
780	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
781	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
782	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
783
78420170623:
785	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
786	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
787	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
788	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
789	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
790	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
791
79220170620:
793	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
794	if you require the GPL compiler.
795
79620170618:
797	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
798	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
799	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
800
80120170617:
802	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
803	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
804	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
805	followed.
806
80720170531:
808	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
809	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
810	from ports (and recommends to install it).
811	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
812	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
813	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
814
81520170524:
816	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
817	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
818	which only require one chipset support.
819
820	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
821
822	if_ath_load="YES"
823
824	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
825	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
826	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
827
828	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
829	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
830
831	* load ath_hal
832	* load the chip modules in question
833	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
834	* load ath_main
835	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
836	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
837
838	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
839
84020170523:
841	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
842	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
843	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
844
845	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
846	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
847	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
848
849	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
850	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
851	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
852	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
853	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
854	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
855	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
856	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
857
85820170424:
859	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
860	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
861	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
862
86320170420:
864	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
865	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
866	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
867
86820170413:
869	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
870	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
871	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
872	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
873	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
874	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
875	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
876
87720170407:
878	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
879	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
880	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
881	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
882
88320170405:
884	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
885	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
886	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
887
88820170331:
889	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
890	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
891	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
892
89320170329:
894	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
895	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
896
897	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
898	via one of the following methods:
899	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
900	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
901	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
902	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
903
904	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
905
90620170316:
907	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
908	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
909	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
910	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
911	with mmc.ko).
912
91320170315:
914	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
915	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
916	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
917	be prefixed with colon.
918
91920170311:
920	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
921	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
922	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
923
92420170302:
925	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
926	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
927	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
928
92920170221:
930	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
931	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
932	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
933	change.
934
93520170216:
936	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
937	valid.
938
93920170215:
940	MCA bus support has been removed.
941
94220170127:
943	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
944	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
945
94620170112:
947	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
948	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
949
95020170109:
951	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
952	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
953	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
954	configuration.
955
95620161217:
957	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
958	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
959	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
960
96120161124:
962	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
963	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
964	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
965
96620161119:
967	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
968	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
969	that link against it need to be recompiled.
970
97120161030:
972	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
973	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
974	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
975	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
976
97720161017:
978	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
979	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
980	parts.
981	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
982	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
983
98420161015:
985	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
986	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
987	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
988	removed from base.
989
99020161008:
991	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
992	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
993	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
994
99520161003:
996	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
997	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
998
99920160924:
1000	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1001	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1002	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1003	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1004
100520160918:
1006	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1007	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1008	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1009	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1010	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1011
101220160918:
1013	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1014
101520160908:
1016	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1017	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1018	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1019	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1020
102120160824:
1022	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1023	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1024	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1025	to 1200005.
1026
102720160818:
1028	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1029	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1030	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1031	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1032	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1033	0.
1034
103520160818:
1036	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1037	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1038
103920160708:
1040	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1041
104220160622:
1043	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1044	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1045	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1046	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1047	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1048	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1049	kernel.
1050
105120160527:
1052	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1053	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1054	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1055	previously contained a line like
1056	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1057	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1058	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1059	generally be fine.
1060
106120160523:
1062	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1063	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1064	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1065	built with the old headers.
1066
106720160520:
1068	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1069	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1070	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1071	installing a new libc.
1072
107320160517:
1074	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1075	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1076	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1077	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1078	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1079	packages will be needed.
1080
1081	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1082	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1083	and the install steps.
1084
108520160510:
1086	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1087	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1088	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1089	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1090	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1091	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1092
109320160414:
1094	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1095	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1096	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1097	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1098	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1099
1100		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1101		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1102		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1103		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1104		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1105
1106	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1107	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1108	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1109	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1110	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1111	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1112	vendors work.
1113
1114	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1115	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1116		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1117	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1118	quirks entry to 0x3.
1119
112020160330:
1121	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1122	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1123	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1124
112520160317:
1126	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1127	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1128
112920160311:
1130	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1131	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1132	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1133	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1134	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1135	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1136	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1137	stale .depend files.
1138
113920160306:
1140	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1141	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1142	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1143	rebooting, e.g.:
1144
1145	make buildworld
1146	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1147	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1148	make -C sys/boot install
1149	<reboot in single user>
1150
1151	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1152	below.
1153
115420160305:
1155	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1156	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1157	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1158
115920160301:
1160	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1161	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1162	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1163	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1164	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1165	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1166
116720160226:
1168	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1169	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1170	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1171	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1172	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1173
117420160129:
1175	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1176	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1177	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1178	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1179	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1180
118120160119:
1182	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1183	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1184
118520160113:
1186	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1187	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1188	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1189
119020151216:
1191	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1192	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1193	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1194	other loaders.
1195
119620151211:
1197	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1198	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1199	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1200	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1201	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1202	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1203
120420151207:
1205	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1206	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1207	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1208	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1209	in src.conf(5).
1210
121120151130:
1212	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1213	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1214	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1215
121620151108:
1217	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1218	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1219	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1220
1221	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1222	collation results will be different.
1223
1224	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1225	locales before running make installworld.
1226
1227	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1228
122920151030:
1230	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1231	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1232
123320151020:
1234	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1235	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1236	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1237
123820151017:
1239	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1240	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1241	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1242	and 'make -N' will not.
1243
124420151012:
1245	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1246	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1247	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1248	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1249	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1250	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1251	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1252	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1253
125420151011:
1255	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1256	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1257	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1258	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1259
126020151006:
1261	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1262	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1263	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1264
126520150924:
1266	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1267	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1268	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1269	userland debug files.
1270
1271	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1272	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1273	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1274
1275	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1276	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1277
127820150827:
1279	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1280	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1281	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1282	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1283	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1284	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1285
128620150827:
1287	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1288	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1289	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1290
129120150817:
1292	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1293	them, the kernel must have
1294
1295	device	random
1296	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1297
1298	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1299	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1300	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1301	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1302
1303	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1304	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1305
130620150813:
1307	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1308	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1309	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1310
131120150810:
1312	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1313	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1314	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1315	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1316
1317	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1318	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1319	difference with this change.
1320
1321	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1322	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1323	remove that workaround.
1324
132520150809:
1326	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1327	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1328	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1329	with:
1330
1331	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1332
133320150806:
1334	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1335	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1336	loader.rc.local instead.
1337
133820150805:
1339	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1340	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1341	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1342
134320150728:
1344	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1345	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1346	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1347
1348	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1349	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1350
135120150706:
1352	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1353	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1354	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1355	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1356	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1357	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1358	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1359	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1360	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1361	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1362	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1363	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1364
136520150630:
1366	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1367	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1368
1369	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1370	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1371	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1372
1373	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1374	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1375
1376	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1377	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1378	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1379
1380	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1381	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1382	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1383	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1384
1385	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1386	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1387	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1388	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1389
1390	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1391	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1392	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1393	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1394	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1395	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1396	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1397	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1398	will never happen.
1399
140020150623:
1401	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1402	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1403
140420150616:
1405	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1406	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1407
140820150615:
1409	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1410	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1411	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1412	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1413	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1414
141520150614:
1416	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1417	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1418	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1419	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1420
142120150614:
1422	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1423	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1424	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1425	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1426	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1427	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1428	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1429
1430	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1431	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1432	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1433	   replace it with '2'.
1434	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1435	   a file path, create a new file with:
1436		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1437	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1438		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1439	5. Restart sendmail:
1440		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1441
1442	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1443	updated.
1444
144520150604:
1446	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1447	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1448	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1449	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1450	5.x.
1451
1452	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1453
145420150525:
1455	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1456	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1457	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1458
145920150521:
1460	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1461	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1462	and Pandaboard:
1463
1464	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1465	  same but content is different now
1466	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1467	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1468	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1469	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1470	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1471
147220150501:
1473	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1474	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1475	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1476
147720150423:
1478	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1479	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1480
148120150415:
1482	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1483	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1484
148520150416:
1486	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1487	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1488	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1489
149020150324:
1491	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1492	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1493	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1494	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1495
149620150315:
1497	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1498	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1499	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1500
150120150307:
1502	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1503	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1504	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1505	kernel before rebooting.
1506
150720150217:
1508	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1509	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1510	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1511	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1512	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1513	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1514
151520150210:
1516	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1517	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1518	with the new kernel.
1519
152020150131:
1521	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1522	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1523	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1524
152520150118:
1526	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1527	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1528	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1529	are not already using 3.5.0.
1530
153120150107:
1532	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1533	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1534	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1535	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1536	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1537
153820150105:
1539	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1540	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1541	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1542	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1543
154420150102:
1545	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1546	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1547
154820141231:
1549	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1550
1551	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1552	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1553	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1554	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1555	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1556	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1557	later.
1558
1559	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1560	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1561	of the box.
1562
1563	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1564	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1565	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1566	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1567
1568	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1569	the instructions for 9.x above.
1570
1571	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1572	default, and do not build clang.
1573
1574	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1575	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1576	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1577
1578	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1579	the following are most likely to appear:
1580
1581	-Wabsolute-value
1582
1583	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1584	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1585	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1586	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1587	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1588	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1589	  cast, or disable the warning.
1590
1591	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1592	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1593	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1594	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1595	  side-effects.
1596
1597	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1598	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1599
1600	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1601	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1602	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1603	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1604
1605	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1606	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1607	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1608	unreachable could be optimized away.
1609
161020141222:
1611	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1612	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1613	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1614	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1615	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1616	the utilities will report errors.
1617
161820141121:
1619	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1620	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1621	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1622	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1623	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1624	LOCAL_DIRS.
1625
162620141109:
1627	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1628	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1629
163020141104:
1631	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1632	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1633	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1634	drivers.
1635
1636	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1637	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1638	indicate what you need to do.
1639
1640	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1641	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1642	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1643
1644	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1645	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1646	  kern.vty=sc
1647
164820141102:
1649	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1650	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1651	execute it.
1652
165320141009:
1654	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1655	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1656	devel/gperf port.
1657
165820140923:
1659	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1660	contrib/pjdfstest .
1661
166220140922:
1663	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1664	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1665	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1666	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1667	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1668	their next update cycle.
1669
167020140729:
1671	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1672	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1673	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1674	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1675	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1676
167720140723:
1678	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1679	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1680
168120140719:
1682	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1683	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1684	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1685	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1686	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1687	new configuration.
1688
168920140709:
1690	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1691	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1692	them again.
1693	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1694
169520140708:
1696	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1697	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1698	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1699	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1700	requires readline.
1701
170220140702:
1703	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1704	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1705	architecture.
1706
170720140701:
1708	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1709	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1710	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1711	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1712	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1713
171420140629:
1715	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1716	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1717	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1718
171920140619:
1720	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1721	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1722	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1723
172420140606:
1725	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1726	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1727	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1728	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1729	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1730	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1731	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1732	"make installworld".
1733
1734	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1735	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1736	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1737	is run.
1738
1739	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1740	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1741	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1742	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1743	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1744
174520140512:
1746	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1747
174820140508:
1749	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1750	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1751	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1752
175320140505:
1754	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1755	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1756	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1757	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1758	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1759	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1760	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1761	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1762	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1763	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1764	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1765	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1766
1767	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1768	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1769	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1770	as well.
1771
177220140430:
1773	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1774	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1775
177620140424:
1777	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1778	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1779	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1780	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1781	build hosts for older releases.
1782
1783	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1784	r276991, respectively.
1785
178620140418:
1787	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1788	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1789	will silently lack HESIOD.
1790
179120140405:
1792	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1793	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1794	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1795	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1796	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1797	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1798	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1799	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1800	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1801	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1802	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1803	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1804
180520140306:
1806	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1807	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1808	with command line option -W.
1809
181020140226:
1811	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1812	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1813	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1814	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1815	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1816
181720140216:
1818	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1819
182020140216:
1821	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1822	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1823
182420140212:
1825	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1826	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1827	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1828	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1829	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1830
183120140204:
1832	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1833	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1834	kernel is still highly recommended.
1835
183620140131:
1837	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1838	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1839	capability mode support in kernel.
1840
184120140128:
1842	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1843	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1844	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1845	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1846	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1847
184820140110:
1849	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1850	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1851	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1852	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1853	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1854	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1855
185620131213:
1857	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1858	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1859	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1860	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1861	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1862	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1863	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1864	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1865	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1866
186720131108:
1868	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1869	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1870	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1871	should change your settings to use the latter.
1872
187320131025:
1874	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1875	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1876	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1877	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1878	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1879
188020131014:
1881	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1882	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1883	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1884	delete-old-libs":
1885	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1886	  or
1887	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1888
188920131010:
1890	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1891	revision r256279.
1892
1893COMMON ITEMS:
1894
1895	General Notes
1896	-------------
1897	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1898	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1899	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1900	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1901	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1902	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1903	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1904
1905	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1906	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1907	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1908	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1909	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1910
1911	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1912	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1913	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1914	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1915	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1916	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1917	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1918	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1919	an exception.
1920
1921	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1922	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1923	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1924	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1925
1926	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1927	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1928	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1929	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1930	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1931	should write them with this in mind.
1932
1933	ZFS notes
1934	---------
1935	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1936	these two steps:
1937
1938	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1939	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1940
1941	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1942
1943	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1944	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1945	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1946
1947	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1948
1949	To build a kernel
1950	-----------------
1951	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1952	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1953	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1954
1955	make kernel-toolchain
1956	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1957	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1958
1959	To test a kernel once
1960	---------------------
1961	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1962	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1963	debugging information) run
1964	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1965	nextboot -k testkernel
1966
1967	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1968	-----------------------------------------------------------
1969	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1970	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1971
1972	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1973	make buildworld
1974	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1975	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1976							[1]
1977	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1978	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1979	make installworld
1980	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1981	make delete-old					[6]
1982	<reboot>
1983
1984	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1985	--------------------------------------------------
1986	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1987	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1988	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1989	# size.
1990
1991	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1992	<boot into -stable>
1993	make buildworld
1994	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1995	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1996	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1997	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1998	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1999	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2000	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2001	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2002	<reboot into current>
2003	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2004	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2005	<reboot>
2006
2007
2008	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2009	----------------------------------------------
2010	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2011	make buildworld					[9]
2012	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2013	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2014							[1]
2015	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2016	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2017	make installworld
2018	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2019	make delete-old					[6]
2020	<reboot>
2021
2022	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2023	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2024	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2025	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2026	the UPDATING entries.
2027
2028	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2029	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2030	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2031	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2032	much fewer pitfalls.
2033
2034	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2035	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2036	system on reboot.
2037
2038	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2039		fsck -p
2040		mount -u /
2041		mount -a
2042		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2043		cd src			# full path to source
2044		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2045	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2046	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2047
2048	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2049	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2050	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2051	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2052	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2053	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2054	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2055
2056	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2057	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2058	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2059	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2060	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2061	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2062
2063	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2064	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2065	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2066
2067	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2068	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2069	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2070	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2071	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2072	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2073	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2074	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2075
2076	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2077	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2078	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2079	for these as well.
2080
2081	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2082	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2083	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2084
2085	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2086	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2087	warn if it is improperly defined.
2088FORMAT:
2089
2090This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2091breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2092list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2093If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2094to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2095
2096Copyright information:
2097
2098Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
2099
2100Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2101modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2102document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2103
2104THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2105IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2106WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2107DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2108INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2109(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2110SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2111HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2112STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2113IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2114POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2115
2116Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2117this document.
2118
2119$FreeBSD$
2120