xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 52c1066f52d48de3782e8ab3585172a19113e81a)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020230824:
31	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
32
3320230817:
34	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
35	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
36	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
37	configuration.
38
39	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
40	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
41	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
42	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
43	with the serial port at 115200.
44
4520230807:
46	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
47	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
48	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
49	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
50	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
51
5220230803:
53	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
54	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
55
5620230724:
57	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
58	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
59	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
60	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
61	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
62
6320230629:
64	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
65	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
66	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
67	file a PR and assign it to imp.
68
6920230623:
70	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
71	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
72	after upgrading.
73
7420230619:
75	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
76	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
77	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
78	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
79
80		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
81		service pf restart
82
83	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
84	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
85
8620230613:
87	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
88	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
89	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
90	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
91	already properly quoted or escaped.
92
9320230612:
94	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
95	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
96	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
97	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
98	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
99	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
100	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
101	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
102
103	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
104	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
105
10620230422:
107	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
108	using git instead.
109
11020230420:
111	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
112	eg.
113		make buildworld-jobs
114	runs
115		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
116
117	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
118
11920230316:
120	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
121	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
122	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
123	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
124	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
125	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
126	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
127	exist anymore.
128
12920230221:
130	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
131	for details.
132
13320230206:
134	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
135	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
136	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
137
13820230204:
139	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
140	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
141
14220230130:
143	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
144	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
145	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
146
14720230126:
148	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
149	system are now built unconditionally.
150
15120230113:
152	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
153	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
154
15520221212:
156	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
157	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
158
159	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
160	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
161	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
162
16320221205:
164	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
165	to reenable sendmail(8):
166
167	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
168
169	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
170
17120221204:
172	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
173	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
174	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
175	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
176	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
177	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
178
179	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
180
18120221122:
182	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
183	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
184	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
185
18620221121:
187	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
188	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
189
19020221026:
191	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
192	for pkgbase users to do:
193
194	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
195	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
196
197	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
198	installed.
199
20020220610:
201	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
202	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
203
20420211230:
205	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
206	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
207	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
208	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
209	reflect this change.
210
21120211214:
212	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
213	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
214
21520211209:
216	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
217	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
218	the coming days and weeks.
219
220	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
221	or touch
222		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
223		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
224		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
225		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
226	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
227
22820211202:
229	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
230	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
231	statement in unbound.conf:
232		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
233
234	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
235
236	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
237	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
238	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
239	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
240	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
241	such names when roaming to different homenets.
242
24320211110:
244	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
245	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
246	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
247	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
248	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
249	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
250	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
251	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
252	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
253	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
254	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
255
25620211118:
257	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
258	tree shortly.
259
26020211106:
261	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
262	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
263	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
264	may need to be modified.
265
26620211022:
267	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
268	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
269	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
270
27120211020:
272	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
273	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
274
275	# chsh -s csh
276
27720211004:
278	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
279	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
280	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
281	this change.
282
28320210923:
284	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
285	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
286	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
287	list of modules to load on their systems.
288
28920210922:
290	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
291	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
292	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
293	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
294
29520210911:
296	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
297	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
298	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
299	being loaded.
300
30120210817:
302	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
303	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
304	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
305	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
306	application-specific configuration option for applications
307	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
308
30920210811:
310	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
311	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
312
31320210730:
314	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
315	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
316	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
317	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
318
31920210729:
320	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
321	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
322	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
323
32420210716:
325	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
326	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
327	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
328
32920210715:
330	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
331	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
332	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
333	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
334	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
335	to update your sources past the above hash and do
336		% cd usr.bin/awk
337		% make clean all
338		% sudo -E make install
339	to enable building kernels again.
340
34120210708:
342	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
343	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
344	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
345
34620210707:
347	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
348	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
349
35020210624:
351	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
352	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
353	for NFSv4 mounts.
354	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
355
35620210618:
357	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
358	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
359	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
360	additions and others.
361
36220210618:
363	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
364	renamed to "untrusted".
365
36620210611:
367	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
368	please install the svn package or port.
369
37020210611:
371	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
372	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
373	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
374
37520210610:
376	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
377
37820210608:
379	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
380	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
381https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
382	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
383	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
384	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
385	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
386
38720210525:
388	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
389	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
390	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
391	detect this.
392
39320210513:
394	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
395	libraries and utilities are packaged.
396	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
397	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
398	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
399	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
400	on the system.
401
40220210426:
403	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
404	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
405	need to be rebuilt from sources.
406	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
407	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
408	is not recommended.
409
41020210411:
411	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
412	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
413	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
414	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
415	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
416	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
417
41820210330:
419	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
420	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
421	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
422	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
423
42420210225:
425	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
426	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
427	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
428
42920210128:
430	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
431	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
432	update.
433
43420210108:
435	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
436	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
437	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
438	since it was bumped so recently.
439
44020210107:
441	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
442	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
443	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
444	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
445
44620210105:
447	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
448	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
449	requires a clean build.
450
45120201223:
452	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
453	instructions can be found at
454	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
455	and other documents in that repo.
456
45720201216:
458	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
459	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
460	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
461	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
462
46320201215:
464	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
465	may be installed from ports or packages.
466
46720201124:
468	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
469	See ping(8) for details.
470
47120201108:
472	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
473	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
474	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
475
47620201030:
477	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
478	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
479	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
480	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
481	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
482
48320201026:
484	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
485	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
486	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
487	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
488	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
489	find.
490
49120200923:
492	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
493	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
494	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
495	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
496
497	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
498	command you want to un-auger the tree is
499		cd sys/amd64/conf
500		svn revert -R .
501	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
502	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
503
50420200824:
505	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
506	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
507	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
508	unless you  want to use new features.
509
510	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
511	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
512	rebuilding world may fail.
513
514	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
515	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
516
517	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
518	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
519	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
520	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
521
52220200824:
523	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
524	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
525	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
526	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
527
52820200821:
529	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
530	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
531	sources.
532
53320200817:
534	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
535	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
536
53720200816:
538	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
539	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
540	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
541	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
542
54320200810:
544	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
545	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
546	from sources, so a version bump was done.
547
54820200807:
549	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
550	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
551	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
552	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
553
55420200729:
555	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
556	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
557	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
558	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
559	continue to function.
560
561	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
562	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
563	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
564	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
565
56620200627:
567	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
568	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
569	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
570	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
571	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
572	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
573	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
574
57520200625:
576	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
577	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
578
57920200613:
580	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
581	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
582	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
583
58420200604:
585	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
586	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
587	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
588	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
589
590	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
591	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
592	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
593	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
594	/root/.shrc.
595
59620200523:
597	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
598	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
599	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
600	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
601
60220200512:
603	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
604	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
605
60620200424:
607	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
608	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
609	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
610	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
611	be functional without closefrom(2).
612
61320200414:
614	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
615	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
616	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
617	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
618	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
619	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
620
62120200310:
622	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
623	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
624	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
625	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
626
62720200309:
628	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
629	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
630	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
631
63220200301:
633	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
634
63520200229:
636	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
637	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
638	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
639
64020200229:
641	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
642	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
643
64420200229:
645	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
646	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
647	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
648	ports or packages.
649
65020200220:
651	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
652	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
653	ncurses.
654
65520200217:
656	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
657	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
658	together with their new kernel.
659
66020200212:
661	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
662	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
663	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
664
665	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
666	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
667
66820200108:
669	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
670	linker for riscv64.
671
67220200107:
673	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
674	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
675	external toolchain package.
676
67720200104:
678	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
679	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
680	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
681	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
682	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
683
68420200102:
685	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
686	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
687	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
688	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
689
69020191226:
691	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
692	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
693	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
694	ABI.
695
69620191226:
697	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
698
69920191222:
700	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
701	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
702	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
703	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
704
70520191212:
706	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
707	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
708	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
709
71020191205:
711	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
712	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
713	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
714	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
715	differences between those included in the port and those included in
716	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
717	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
718	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
719
72020191120:
721	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
722	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
723	for automounting.
724
72520191107:
726	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
727	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
728	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
729	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
730	add superio to the set.
731
73220191021:
733	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
734	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
735
73620191021:
737	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
738	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
739	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
740	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
741	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
742	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
743	completely in the future.
744
74520191009:
746	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
747	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
748	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
749	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
750	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
751	will be removed from the list.
752
75320191009:
754	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
755	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
756	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
757	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
758
75920191003:
760	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
761	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
762	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
763	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
764
76520190913:
766	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
767	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
768	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
769	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
770
77120190823:
772	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
773	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
774	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
775
77620190727:
777	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
778	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
779	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
780	your scripts, because they had no effect.
781
782	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
783	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
784	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
785	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
786	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
787
78820190713:
789	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
790	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
791	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
792	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
793	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
794	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
795	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
796
79720190620:
798	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
799	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
800	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
801	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
802
80320190612:
804	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
805	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
806	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
807	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
808
80920190608:
810	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
811	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
812	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
813
81420190513:
815	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
816	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
817	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
818	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
819	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
820	avoid running into the limit.
821
82220190507:
823	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
824	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
825
82620190507:
827	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
828	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
829	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
830	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
831	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
832	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
833
83420190418:
835	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
836	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
837	entropy:
838
839	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
840	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
841	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
842	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
843	availability properties.
844
845	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
846	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
847	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
848	initial condition, if desired.
849
850	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
851	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
852
853	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
854	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
855	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
856	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
857
85820190416:
859	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
860	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
861	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
862	therefore unblocked).
863
86420190404:
865	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
866	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
867	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
868	is added to the command line.
869	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
870	not affected and should continue to work.
871
87220190320:
873	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
874	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
875	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
876	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
877
87820190304:
879	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
880	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
881	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
882	or higher.
883
88420190226:
885	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
886	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
887	kernel config.
888
88920190219:
890	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
891	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
892	migrating to the drm ports.
893
89420190131:
895	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
896	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
897	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
898	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
899	is loaded automatically.
900
90120190125:
902	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
903	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
904	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
905	kernel config files.
906
90720181230:
908	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
909	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
910	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
911	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
912
91320181220:
914	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
915	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
916	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
917	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
918	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
919	most NFSv4 mounts.
920
92120181219:
922	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
923	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
924	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
925
926	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
927	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
928
929	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
930	removed from the mips port.
931
93220181211:
933	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
934	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
935	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
936	or higher.
937
93820181211:
939	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
940	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
941
94220181126:
943	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
944	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
945	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
946	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
947
94820181123:
949	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
950	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
951	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
952
95320181115:
954	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
955	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
956	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
957	FreeBSD versions.
958
95920181110:
960	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
961	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
962	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
963
964	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
965	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
966	being included using the command:
967		$ newsyslog -Nrv
968
96920181015:
970	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
971	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
972	drm-legacy-kmod.
973
974	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
975	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
976	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
977	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
978	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
979	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
980	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
981	that as you will get better support.
982
983	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
984	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
985	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
986	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
987
988	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
989	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
990	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
991	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
992	shortly.
993
99420181012:
995	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
996	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
997	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
998	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
999	be adjusted as necessary.
1000
100120181009:
1002	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1003	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1004	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1005	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1006
100720181006:
1008	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1009	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1010	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1011	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1012	encouraged.
1013
101420181002:
1015	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1016	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1017	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1018	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1019	nda device name.
1020
102120180913:
1022	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1023	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1024	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1025	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1026	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1027	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1028
102920180826:
1030	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1031	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1032	default since FreeBSD-11.
1033
103420180822:
1035	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1036	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1037	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1038
103920180818:
1040	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1041	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1042	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1043	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1044	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1045	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1046	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1047
1048	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1049	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1050
105120180815:
1052	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1053	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1054	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1055	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1056	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1057	may not be observed in a future release.
1058
105920180808:
1060	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1061	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1062	your environment.
1063
106420180731:
1065	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1066	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1067	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1068	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1069
107020180730:
1071	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1072	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1073	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1074	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1075	runtime services.
1076
107720180727:
1078	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1079	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1080	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1081
108220180723:
1083	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1084	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1085	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1086	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1087	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1088
108920180720:
1090	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1091	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1092	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1093	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1094	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1095	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1096
109720180719:
1098	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1099	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1100	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1101	boot_serial=YES
1102	boot_multicons=YES
1103	in /boot/loader.conf
1104	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1105	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1106	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1107
110820180719:
1109	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1110	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1111	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1112	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1113	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1114	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1115	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1116	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1117	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1118	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1119	by the ntpd user.
1120
112120180717:
1122	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1123
112420180711:
1125	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1126	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1127	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1128	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1129	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1130
113120180705:
1132	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1133	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1134	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1135	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1136	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1137	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1138
113920180702:
1140	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1141	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1142
114320180701:
1144	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1145	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1146	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1147	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1148	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1149	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1150	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1151
115220180630:
1153	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1154	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1155	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1156	or higher.
1157
115820180628:
1159	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1160	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1161	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1162	file.
1163
116420180612:
1165	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1166	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1167
116820180530:
1169	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1170	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1171	longer necessary.
1172
117320180530:
1174	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1175	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1176	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1177	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1178
117920180523:
1180	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1181	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1182	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1183	later than r334108.
1184
118520180517:
1186	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1187	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1188	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1189	it must be removed.
1190
119120180510:
1192	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1193	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1194	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1195	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1196	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1197	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1198	will go away.
1199
1200	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1201	workaround is necessary.
1202
120320180508:
1204	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1205	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1206	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1207	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1208
120920180504:
1210	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1211	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1212	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1213	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1214	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1215
121620180502:
1217	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1218	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1219	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1220	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1221
122220180501:
1223	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1224	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1225	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1226	be removed.
1227
122820180413:
1229	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1230	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1231	removed.
1232
123320180411:
1234	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1235	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1236	removed.
1237
123820180406:
1239	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1240	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1241	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1242	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1243	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1244
1245	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1246	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1247	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1248	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1249	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1250	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1251	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1252
1253	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1254	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1255
1256		source src {
1257			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1258		}
1259
1260	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1261	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1262	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1263
1264		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1265
1266	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1267	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1268	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1269	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1270	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1271	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1272	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1273
1274	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1275	change.
1276
127720180328:
1278	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1279	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1280	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1281
128220180323:
1283	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1284	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1285	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1286	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1287	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1288	should be as simple as:
1289
1290		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1291		$ make depend all install
1292
129320180212:
1294	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1295	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1296	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1297	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1298	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1299	provisions for backup boot methods.
1300
130120180211:
1302	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1303	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1304	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1305	imp@freebsd.org.
1306
130720180114:
1308	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1309	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1310	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1311	or higher.
1312
131320180110:
1314	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1315	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1316	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1317
1318	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1319	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1320
132120180110:
1322	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1323	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1324	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1325	remove it from kernel config files.
1326
132720180104:
1328	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1329	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1330	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1331
1332	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1333	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1334
133520180102:
1336	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1337	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1338	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1339	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1340
134120171215:
1342	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1343	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1344
134520171214:
1346	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1347	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1348	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1349	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1350
135120171125:
1352	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1353	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1354	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1355	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1356	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1357	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1358
135920171110:
1360	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1361	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1362	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1363
136420171106:
1365	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1366	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1367	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1368	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1369	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1370
137120171102:
1372	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1373	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1374	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1375	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1376	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1377	environment.
1378
137920171101:
1380	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1381	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1382	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1383	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1384	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1385	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1386	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1387	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1388	than hardcoding paths.
1389
139020171028:
1391	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1392	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1393	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1394
139520171021:
1396	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1397	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1398	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1399	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1400
140120171010:
1402	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1403	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1404
140520171005:
1406	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1407	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1408	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1409	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1410
141120171003:
1412	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1413	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1414	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1415	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1416	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1417
141820170912:
1419	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1420	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1421	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1422	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1423	/etc/ctl.conf .
1424
142520170912:
1426	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1427	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1428	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1429	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1430	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1431
143220170826:
1433	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1434	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1435
143620170825:
1437	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1438	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1439	to complete.
1440
144120170814:
1442	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1443	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1444	${TESTSDIR}.
1445
1446	Behavioral changes:
1447	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1448	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1449	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1450	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1451
1452	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1453	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1454	sandbox if successful.
1455
1456	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1457	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1458	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1459	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1460	an unprivileged user.
1461
146220170808:
1463	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1464	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1465	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1466	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1467	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1468	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1469	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1470	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1471	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1472	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1473	to which you should answer yes.
1474
147520170728:
1476	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1477	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1478	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1479	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1480	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1481
148220170722:
1483	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1484	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1485	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1486
148720170701:
1488	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1489	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1490
149120170625:
1492	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1493	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1494	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1495	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1496	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1497	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1498	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1499
150020170623:
1501	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1502	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1503	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1504	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1505	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1506	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1507
150820170620:
1509	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1510	if you require the GPL compiler.
1511
151220170618:
1513	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1514	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1515	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1516
151720170617:
1518	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1519	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1520	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1521	followed.
1522
152320170531:
1524	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1525	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1526	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1527	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1528	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1529	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1530
153120170524:
1532	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1533	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1534	which only require one chipset support.
1535
1536	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1537
1538	if_ath_load="YES"
1539
1540	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1541	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1542	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1543
1544	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1545	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1546
1547	* load ath_hal
1548	* load the chip modules in question
1549	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1550	* load ath_main
1551	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1552	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1553
1554	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1555
155620170523:
1557	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1558	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1559	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1560
1561	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1562	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1563	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1564
1565	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1566	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1567	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1568	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1569	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1570	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1571	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1572	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1573
157420170424:
1575	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1576	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1577	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1578
157920170420:
1580	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1581	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1582	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1583
158420170413:
1585	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1586	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1587	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1588	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1589	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1590	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1591	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1592
159320170407:
1594	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1595	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1596	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1597	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1598
159920170405:
1600	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1601	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1602	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1603
160420170331:
1605	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1606	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1607	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1608
160920170329:
1610	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1611	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1612
1613	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1614	via one of the following methods:
1615	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1616	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1617	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1618	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1619
1620	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1621
162220170316:
1623	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1624	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1625	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1626	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1627	with mmc.ko).
1628
162920170315:
1630	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1631	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1632	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1633	be prefixed with colon.
1634
163520170311:
1636	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1637	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1638	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1639
164020170302:
1641	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1642	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1643	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1644
164520170221:
1646	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1647	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1648	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1649	change.
1650
165120170216:
1652	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1653	valid.
1654
165520170215:
1656	MCA bus support has been removed.
1657
165820170127:
1659	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1660	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1661
166220170112:
1663	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1664	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1665
166620170109:
1667	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1668	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1669	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1670	configuration.
1671
167220161217:
1673	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1674	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1675	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1676
167720161124:
1678	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1679	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1680	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1681
168220161119:
1683	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1684	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1685	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1686
168720161030:
1688	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1689	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1690	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1691	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1692
169320161017:
1694	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1695	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1696	parts.
1697	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1698	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1699
170020161015:
1701	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1702	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1703	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1704	removed from base.
1705
170620161008:
1707	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1708	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1709	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1710
171120161003:
1712	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1713	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1714
171520160924:
1716	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1717	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1718	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1719	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1720
172120160918:
1722	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1723	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1724	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1725	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1726	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1727
172820160918:
1729	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1730
173120160908:
1732	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1733	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1734	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1735	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1736
173720160824:
1738	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1739	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1740	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1741	to 1200005.
1742
174320160818:
1744	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1745	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1746	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1747	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1748	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1749	0.
1750
175120160818:
1752	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1753	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1754
175520160708:
1756	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1757
1758After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1759from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1760entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1761UPDATING file.
1762
1763COMMON ITEMS:
1764
1765	General Notes
1766	-------------
1767	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1768	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1769	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1770	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1771	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1772	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1773	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1774	report a bug if it happens consistently.
1775
1776	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1777	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1778	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1779	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1780	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1781	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1782	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1783	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1784	an exception.
1785
1786	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1787	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1788	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1789	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1790	step.
1791
1792	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1793	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1794	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1795	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1796
1797	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1798	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1799	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1800	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1801	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1802	should write them with this in mind.
1803
1804	ZFS notes
1805	---------
1806	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1807	always follow these three steps:
1808
1809	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1810	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1811
1812	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1813	doing a zpool upgrade):
1814
1815	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1816	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1817		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1818	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1819
1820	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1821	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1822	zpool upgrade.
1823
1824	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1825
1826	EFI notes
1827	---------
1828
1829	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1830	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1831	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1832	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1833	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1834	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1835	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1836	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1837
1838	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1839	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1840	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1841	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1842
1843	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1844	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1845	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1846	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1847
1848	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1849
1850	To build a kernel
1851	-----------------
1852	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1853	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1854	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1855
1856	make kernel-toolchain
1857	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1858	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1859
1860	To test a kernel once
1861	---------------------
1862	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1863	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1864	debugging information) run
1865	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1866	nextboot -k testkernel
1867
1868	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1869	-----------------------------------------------------------
1870	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1871	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1872
1873	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1874	make buildworld
1875	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1876	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1877							[1]
1878	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1879	etcupdate -p					[5]
1880	make installworld
1881	etcupdate -B					[4]
1882	make delete-old					[6]
1883	<reboot>
1884
1885	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1886	--------------------------------------------------
1887	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1888	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1889	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1890	# size.
1891
1892	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1893	<boot into -stable>
1894	make buildworld
1895	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1896	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1897	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1898	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1899	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1900	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1901	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1902	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1903	<reboot into current>
1904	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1905	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1906	<reboot>
1907
1908
1909	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1910	----------------------------------------------
1911	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1912	make buildworld					[9]
1913	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1914	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1915							[1]
1916	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1917	etcupdate -p					[5]
1918	make installworld
1919	etcupdate -B					[4]
1920	make delete-old					[6]
1921	<reboot>
1922
1923	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1924	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1925	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1926	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1927	the UPDATING entries.
1928
1929	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1930	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1931	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1932	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1933	much fewer pitfalls.
1934
1935	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1936	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1937	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1938	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
1939	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1940	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1941	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1942	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1943	and effective, eg:
1944	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1945
1946	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1947		fsck -p
1948		mount -u /
1949		mount -a
1950		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1951		cd src			# full path to source
1952		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1953	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1954	into single user mode to do the installworld.
1955
1956	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1957	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1958	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1959	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1960	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1961	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
1962
1963	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1964	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1965	step.
1966
1967	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1968	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1969	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1970
1971	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
1972	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
1973	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
1974	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
1975	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
1976	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
1977	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
1978	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
1979
1980	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1981	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
1982	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
1983	for these as well.
1984
1985	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1986	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1987	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1988
1989	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1990	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1991	warn if it is improperly defined.
1992FORMAT:
1993
1994This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1995breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1996list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1997If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1998to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1999
2000Copyright information:
2001
2002Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2003
2004Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2005modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2006document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2007
2008THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2009IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2010WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2011DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2012INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2013(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2014SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2015HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2016STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2017IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2018POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2019
2020Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2021this document.
2022