1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230126: 31 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 32 system are now built unconditionally. 33 3420230113: 35 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 36 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 37 3820221212: 39 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 40 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 41 42 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 43 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 44 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 45 4620221205: 47 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 48 to reenable sendmail(8): 49 50 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 51 52 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 53 5420221204: 55 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 56 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 57 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 58 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 59 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 60 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 61 62 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 63 6420221122: 65 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 66 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 67 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 68 6920221121: 70 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 71 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 72 7320221026: 74 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 75 for pkgbase users to do: 76 77 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 78 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 79 80 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 81 installed. 82 8320220610: 84 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 85 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 86 8720211230: 88 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 89 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 90 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 91 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 92 reflect this change. 93 9420211214: 95 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 96 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 97 9820211209: 99 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 100 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 101 the coming days and weeks. 102 103 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 104 or touch 105 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 106 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 107 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 108 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 109 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 110 11120211202: 112 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 113 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 114 statement in unbound.conf: 115 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 116 117 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 118 119 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 120 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 121 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 122 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 123 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 124 such names when roaming to different homenets. 125 12620211110: 127 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 128 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 129 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 130 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 131 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 132 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 133 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 134 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 135 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 136 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 137 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 138 13920211118: 140 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 141 tree shortly. 142 14320211106: 144 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 145 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 146 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 147 may need to be modified. 148 14920211022: 150 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 151 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 152 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 153 15420211020: 155 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 156 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 157 158 # chsh -s csh 159 16020211004: 161 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 162 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 163 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 164 this change. 165 16620210923: 167 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 168 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 169 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 170 list of modules to load on their systems. 171 17220210922: 173 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 174 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 175 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 176 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 177 17820210911: 179 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 180 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 181 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 182 being loaded. 183 18420210817: 185 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 186 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 187 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 188 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 189 application-specific configuration option for applications 190 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 191 19220210811: 193 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 194 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 195 19620210730: 197 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 198 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 199 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 200 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 201 20220210729: 203 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 204 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 205 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 206 20720210716: 208 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 209 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 210 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 211 21220210715: 213 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 214 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 215 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 216 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 217 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 218 to update your sources past the above hash and do 219 % cd usr.bin/awk 220 % make clean all 221 % sudo -E make install 222 to enable building kernels again. 223 22420210708: 225 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 226 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 227 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 228 22920210707: 230 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 231 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 232 23320210624: 234 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 235 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 236 for NFSv4 mounts. 237 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 238 23920210618: 240 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 241 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 242 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 243 additions and others. 244 24520210618: 246 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 247 renamed to "untrusted". 248 24920210611: 250 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 251 please install the svn package or port. 252 25320210611: 254 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 255 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 256 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 257 25820210610: 259 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 260 26120210608: 262 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 263 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 264https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 265 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 266 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 267 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 268 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 269 27020210525: 271 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 272 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 273 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 274 detect this. 275 27620210513: 277 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 278 libraries and utilities are packaged. 279 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 280 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 281 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 282 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 283 on the system. 284 28520210426: 286 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 287 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 288 need to be rebuilt from sources. 289 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 290 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 291 is not recommended. 292 29320210411: 294 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 295 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 296 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 297 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 298 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 299 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 300 30120210330: 302 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 303 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 304 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 305 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 306 30720210225: 308 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 309 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 310 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 311 31220210128: 313 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 314 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 315 update. 316 31720210108: 318 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 319 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 320 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 321 since it was bumped so recently. 322 32320210107: 324 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 325 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 326 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 327 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 328 32920210105: 330 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 331 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 332 requires a clean build. 333 33420201223: 335 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 336 instructions can be found at 337 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 338 and other documents in that repo. 339 34020201216: 341 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 342 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 343 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 344 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 345 34620201215: 347 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 348 may be installed from ports or packages. 349 35020201124: 351 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 352 See ping(8) for details. 353 35420201108: 355 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 356 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 357 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 358 35920201030: 360 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 361 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 362 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 363 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 364 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 365 36620201026: 367 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 368 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 369 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 370 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 371 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 372 find. 373 37420200923: 375 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 376 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 377 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 378 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 379 380 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 381 command you want to un-auger the tree is 382 cd sys/amd64/conf 383 svn revert -R . 384 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 385 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 386 38720200824: 388 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 389 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 390 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 391 unless you want to use new features. 392 393 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 394 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 395 rebuilding world may fail. 396 397 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 398 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 399 400 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 401 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 402 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 403 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 404 40520200824: 406 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 407 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 408 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 409 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 410 41120200821: 412 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 413 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 414 sources. 415 41620200817: 417 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 418 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 419 42020200816: 421 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 422 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 423 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 424 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 425 42620200810: 427 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 428 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 429 from sources, so a version bump was done. 430 43120200807: 432 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 433 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 434 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 435 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 436 43720200729: 438 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 439 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 440 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 441 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 442 continue to function. 443 444 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 445 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 446 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 447 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 448 44920200627: 450 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 451 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 452 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 453 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 454 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 455 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 456 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 457 45820200625: 459 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 460 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 461 46220200613: 463 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 464 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 465 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 466 46720200604: 468 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 469 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 470 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 471 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 472 473 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 474 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 475 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 476 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 477 /root/.shrc. 478 47920200523: 480 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 481 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 482 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 483 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 484 48520200512: 486 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 487 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 488 48920200424: 490 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 491 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 492 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 493 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 494 be functional without closefrom(2). 495 49620200414: 497 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 498 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 499 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 500 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 501 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 502 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 503 50420200310: 505 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 506 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 507 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 508 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 509 51020200309: 511 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 512 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 513 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 514 51520200301: 516 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 517 51820200229: 519 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 520 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 521 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 522 52320200229: 524 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 525 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 526 52720200229: 528 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 529 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 530 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 531 ports or packages. 532 53320200220: 534 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 535 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 536 ncurses. 537 53820200217: 539 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 540 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 541 together with their new kernel. 542 54320200212: 544 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 545 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 546 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 547 548 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 549 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 550 55120200108: 552 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 553 linker for riscv64. 554 55520200107: 556 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 557 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 558 external toolchain package. 559 56020200104: 561 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 562 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 563 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 564 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 565 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 566 56720200102: 568 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 569 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 570 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 571 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 572 57320191226: 574 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 575 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 576 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 577 ABI. 578 57920191226: 580 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 581 58220191222: 583 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 584 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 585 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 586 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 587 58820191212: 589 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 590 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 591 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 592 59320191205: 594 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 595 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 596 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 597 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 598 differences between those included in the port and those included in 599 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 600 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 601 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 602 60320191120: 604 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 605 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 606 for automounting. 607 60820191107: 609 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 610 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 611 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 612 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 613 add superio to the set. 614 61520191021: 616 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 617 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 618 61920191021: 620 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 621 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 622 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 623 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 624 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 625 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 626 completely in the future. 627 62820191009: 629 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 630 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 631 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 632 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 633 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 634 will be removed from the list. 635 63620191009: 637 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 638 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 639 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 640 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 641 64220191003: 643 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 644 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 645 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 646 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 647 64820190913: 649 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 650 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 651 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 652 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 653 65420190823: 655 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 656 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 657 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 658 65920190727: 660 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 661 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 662 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 663 your scripts, because they had no effect. 664 665 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 666 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 667 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 668 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 669 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 670 67120190713: 672 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 673 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 674 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 675 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 676 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 677 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 678 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 679 68020190620: 681 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 682 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 683 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 684 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 685 68620190612: 687 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 688 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 689 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 690 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 691 69220190608: 693 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 694 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 695 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 696 69720190513: 698 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 699 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 700 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 701 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 702 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 703 avoid running into the limit. 704 70520190507: 706 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 707 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 708 70920190507: 710 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 711 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 712 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 713 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 714 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 715 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 716 71720190418: 718 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 719 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 720 entropy: 721 722 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 723 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 724 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 725 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 726 availability properties. 727 728 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 729 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 730 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 731 initial condition, if desired. 732 733 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 734 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 735 736 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 737 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 738 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 739 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 740 74120190416: 742 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 743 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 744 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 745 therefore unblocked). 746 74720190404: 748 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 749 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 750 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 751 is added to the command line. 752 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 753 not affected and should continue to work. 754 75520190320: 756 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 757 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 758 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 759 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 760 76120190304: 762 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 763 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 764 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 765 or higher. 766 76720190226: 768 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 769 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 770 kernel config. 771 77220190219: 773 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 774 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 775 migrating to the drm ports. 776 77720190131: 778 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 779 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 780 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 781 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 782 is loaded automatically. 783 78420190125: 785 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 786 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 787 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 788 kernel config files. 789 79020181230: 791 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 792 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 793 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 794 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 795 79620181220: 797 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 798 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 799 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 800 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 801 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 802 most NFSv4 mounts. 803 80420181219: 805 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 806 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 807 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 808 809 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 810 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 811 812 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 813 removed from the mips port. 814 81520181211: 816 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 817 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 818 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 819 or higher. 820 82120181211: 822 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 823 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 824 82520181126: 826 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 827 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 828 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 829 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 830 83120181123: 832 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 833 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 834 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 835 83620181115: 837 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 838 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 839 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 840 FreeBSD versions. 841 84220181110: 843 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 844 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 845 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 846 847 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 848 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 849 being included using the command: 850 $ newsyslog -Nrv 851 85220181015: 853 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 854 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 855 drm-legacy-kmod. 856 857 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 858 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 859 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 860 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 861 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 862 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 863 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 864 that as you will get better support. 865 866 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 867 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 868 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 869 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 870 871 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 872 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 873 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 874 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 875 shortly. 876 87720181012: 878 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 879 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 880 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 881 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 882 be adjusted as necessary. 883 88420181009: 885 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 886 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 887 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 888 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 889 89020181006: 891 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 892 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 893 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 894 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 895 encouraged. 896 89720181002: 898 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 899 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 900 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 901 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 902 nda device name. 903 90420180913: 905 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 906 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 907 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 908 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 909 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 910 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 911 91220180826: 913 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 914 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 915 default since FreeBSD-11. 916 91720180822: 918 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 919 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 920 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 921 92220180818: 923 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 924 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 925 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 926 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 927 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 928 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 929 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 930 931 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 932 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 933 93420180815: 935 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 936 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 937 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 938 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 939 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 940 may not be observed in a future release. 941 94220180808: 943 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 944 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 945 your environment. 946 94720180731: 948 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 949 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 950 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 951 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 952 95320180730: 954 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 955 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 956 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 957 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 958 runtime services. 959 96020180727: 961 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 962 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 963 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 964 96520180723: 966 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 967 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 968 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 969 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 970 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 971 97220180720: 973 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 974 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 975 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 976 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 977 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 978 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 979 98020180719: 981 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 982 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 983 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 984 boot_serial=YES 985 boot_multicons=YES 986 in /boot/loader.conf 987 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 988 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 989 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 990 99120180719: 992 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 993 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 994 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 995 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 996 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 997 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 998 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 999 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1000 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1001 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1002 by the ntpd user. 1003 100420180717: 1005 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1006 100720180711: 1008 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1009 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1010 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1011 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1012 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1013 101420180705: 1015 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1016 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1017 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1018 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1019 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1020 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1021 102220180702: 1023 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1024 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1025 102620180701: 1027 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1028 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1029 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1030 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1031 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1032 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1033 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1034 103520180630: 1036 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1037 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1038 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1039 or higher. 1040 104120180628: 1042 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1043 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1044 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1045 file. 1046 104720180612: 1048 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1049 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1050 105120180530: 1052 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1053 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1054 longer necessary. 1055 105620180530: 1057 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1058 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1059 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1060 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1061 106220180523: 1063 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1064 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1065 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1066 later than r334108. 1067 106820180517: 1069 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1070 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1071 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1072 it must be removed. 1073 107420180510: 1075 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1076 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1077 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1078 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1079 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1080 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1081 will go away. 1082 1083 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1084 workaround is necessary. 1085 108620180508: 1087 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1088 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1089 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1090 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1091 109220180504: 1093 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1094 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1095 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1096 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1097 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1098 109920180502: 1100 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1101 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1102 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1103 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1104 110520180501: 1106 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1107 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1108 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1109 be removed. 1110 111120180413: 1112 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1113 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1114 removed. 1115 111620180411: 1117 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1118 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1119 removed. 1120 112120180406: 1122 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1123 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1124 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1125 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1126 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1127 1128 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1129 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1130 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1131 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1132 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1133 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1134 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1135 1136 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1137 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1138 1139 source src { 1140 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1141 } 1142 1143 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1144 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1145 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1146 1147 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1148 1149 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1150 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1151 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1152 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1153 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1154 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1155 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1156 1157 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1158 change. 1159 116020180328: 1161 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1162 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1163 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1164 116520180323: 1166 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1167 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1168 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1169 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1170 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1171 should be as simple as: 1172 1173 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1174 $ make depend all install 1175 117620180212: 1177 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1178 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1179 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1180 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1181 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1182 provisions for backup boot methods. 1183 118420180211: 1185 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1186 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1187 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1188 imp@freebsd.org. 1189 119020180114: 1191 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1192 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1193 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1194 or higher. 1195 119620180110: 1197 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1198 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1199 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1200 1201 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1202 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1203 120420180110: 1205 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1206 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1207 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1208 remove it from kernel config files. 1209 121020180104: 1211 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1212 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1213 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1214 1215 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1216 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1217 121820180102: 1219 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1220 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1221 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1222 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1223 122420171215: 1225 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1226 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1227 122820171214: 1229 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1230 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1231 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1232 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1233 123420171125: 1235 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1236 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1237 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1238 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1239 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1240 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1241 124220171110: 1243 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1244 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1245 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1246 124720171106: 1248 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1249 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1250 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1251 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1252 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1253 125420171102: 1255 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1256 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1257 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1258 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1259 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1260 environment. 1261 126220171101: 1263 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1264 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1265 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1266 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1267 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1268 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1269 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1270 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1271 than hardcoding paths. 1272 127320171028: 1274 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1275 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1276 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1277 127820171021: 1279 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1280 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1281 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1282 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1283 128420171010: 1285 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1286 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1287 128820171005: 1289 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1290 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1291 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1292 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1293 129420171003: 1295 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1296 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1297 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1298 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1299 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1300 130120170912: 1302 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1303 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1304 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1305 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1306 /etc/ctl.conf . 1307 130820170912: 1309 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1310 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1311 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1312 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1313 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1314 131520170826: 1316 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1317 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1318 131920170825: 1320 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1321 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1322 to complete. 1323 132420170814: 1325 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1326 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1327 ${TESTSDIR}. 1328 1329 Behavioral changes: 1330 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1331 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1332 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1333 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1334 1335 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1336 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1337 sandbox if successful. 1338 1339 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1340 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1341 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1342 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1343 an unprivileged user. 1344 134520170808: 1346 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1347 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1348 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1349 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1350 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1351 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1352 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1353 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1354 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1355 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1356 to which you should answer yes. 1357 135820170728: 1359 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1360 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1361 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1362 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1363 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1364 136520170722: 1366 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1367 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1368 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1369 137020170701: 1371 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1372 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1373 137420170625: 1375 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1376 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1377 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1378 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1379 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1380 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1381 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1382 138320170623: 1384 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1385 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1386 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1387 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1388 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1389 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1390 139120170620: 1392 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1393 if you require the GPL compiler. 1394 139520170618: 1396 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1397 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1398 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1399 140020170617: 1401 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1402 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1403 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1404 followed. 1405 140620170531: 1407 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1408 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1409 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1410 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1411 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1412 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1413 141420170524: 1415 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1416 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1417 which only require one chipset support. 1418 1419 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1420 1421 if_ath_load="YES" 1422 1423 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1424 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1425 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1426 1427 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1428 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1429 1430 * load ath_hal 1431 * load the chip modules in question 1432 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1433 * load ath_main 1434 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1435 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1436 1437 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1438 143920170523: 1440 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1441 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1442 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1443 1444 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1445 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1446 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1447 1448 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1449 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1450 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1451 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1452 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1453 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1454 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1455 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1456 145720170424: 1458 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1459 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1460 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1461 146220170420: 1463 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1464 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1465 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1466 146720170413: 1468 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1469 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1470 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1471 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1472 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1473 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1474 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1475 147620170407: 1477 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1478 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1479 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1480 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1481 148220170405: 1483 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1484 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1485 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1486 148720170331: 1488 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1489 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1490 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1491 149220170329: 1493 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1494 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1495 1496 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1497 via one of the following methods: 1498 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1499 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1500 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1501 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1502 1503 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1504 150520170316: 1506 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1507 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1508 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1509 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1510 with mmc.ko). 1511 151220170315: 1513 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1514 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1515 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1516 be prefixed with colon. 1517 151820170311: 1519 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1520 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1521 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1522 152320170302: 1524 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1525 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1526 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1527 152820170221: 1529 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1530 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1531 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1532 change. 1533 153420170216: 1535 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1536 valid. 1537 153820170215: 1539 MCA bus support has been removed. 1540 154120170127: 1542 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1543 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1544 154520170112: 1546 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1547 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1548 154920170109: 1550 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1551 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1552 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1553 configuration. 1554 155520161217: 1556 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1557 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1558 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1559 156020161124: 1561 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1562 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1563 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1564 156520161119: 1566 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1567 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1568 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1569 157020161030: 1571 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1572 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1573 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1574 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1575 157620161017: 1577 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1578 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1579 parts. 1580 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1581 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1582 158320161015: 1584 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1585 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1586 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1587 removed from base. 1588 158920161008: 1590 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1591 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1592 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1593 159420161003: 1595 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1596 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1597 159820160924: 1599 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1600 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1601 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1602 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1603 160420160918: 1605 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1606 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1607 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1608 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1609 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1610 161120160918: 1612 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1613 161420160908: 1615 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1616 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1617 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1618 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1619 162020160824: 1621 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1622 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1623 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1624 to 1200005. 1625 162620160818: 1627 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1628 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1629 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1630 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1631 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1632 0. 1633 163420160818: 1635 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1636 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1637 163820160708: 1639 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1640 1641After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1642from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1643entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1644UPDATING file. 1645 1646COMMON ITEMS: 1647 1648 General Notes 1649 ------------- 1650 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1651 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1652 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1653 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1654 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1655 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1656 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1657 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1658 1659 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1660 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1661 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1662 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1663 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1664 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1665 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1666 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1667 an exception. 1668 1669 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1670 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1671 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1672 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1673 step. 1674 1675 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1676 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1677 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1678 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1679 1680 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1681 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1682 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1683 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1684 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1685 should write them with this in mind. 1686 1687 ZFS notes 1688 --------- 1689 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1690 always follow these three steps: 1691 1692 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1693 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1694 1695 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1696 doing a zpool upgrade): 1697 1698 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1699 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1700 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1701 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1702 1703 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1704 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1705 zpool upgrade. 1706 1707 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1708 1709 EFI notes 1710 --------- 1711 1712 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1713 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1714 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1715 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1716 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1717 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1718 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1719 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1720 1721 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1722 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1723 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1724 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1725 1726 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1727 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1728 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1729 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1730 1731 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1732 1733 To build a kernel 1734 ----------------- 1735 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1736 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1737 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1738 1739 make kernel-toolchain 1740 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1741 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1742 1743 To test a kernel once 1744 --------------------- 1745 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1746 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1747 debugging information) run 1748 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1749 nextboot -k testkernel 1750 1751 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1752 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1753 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1754 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1755 1756 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1757 make buildworld 1758 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1759 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1760 [1] 1761 <reboot in single user> [3] 1762 etcupdate -p [5] 1763 make installworld 1764 etcupdate -B [4] 1765 make delete-old [6] 1766 <reboot> 1767 1768 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1769 -------------------------------------------------- 1770 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1771 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1772 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1773 # size. 1774 1775 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1776 <boot into -stable> 1777 make buildworld 1778 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1779 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1780 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1781 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1782 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1783 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1784 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1785 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1786 <reboot into current> 1787 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1788 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1789 <reboot> 1790 1791 1792 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1793 ---------------------------------------------- 1794 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1795 make buildworld [9] 1796 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1797 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1798 [1] 1799 <reboot in single user> [3] 1800 etcupdate -p [5] 1801 make installworld 1802 etcupdate -B [4] 1803 make delete-old [6] 1804 <reboot> 1805 1806 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1807 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1808 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1809 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1810 the UPDATING entries. 1811 1812 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1813 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1814 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1815 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1816 much fewer pitfalls. 1817 1818 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1819 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1820 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1821 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1822 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1823 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1824 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1825 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1826 and effective, eg: 1827 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1828 1829 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1830 fsck -p 1831 mount -u / 1832 mount -a 1833 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1834 cd src # full path to source 1835 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1836 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1837 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1838 1839 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1840 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1841 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1842 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1843 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1844 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1845 1846 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1847 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1848 step. 1849 1850 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1851 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1852 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1853 1854 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1855 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1856 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1857 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1858 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1859 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1860 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1861 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1862 1863 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1864 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1865 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1866 for these as well. 1867 1868 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1869 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1870 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1871 1872 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1873 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1874 warn if it is improperly defined. 1875FORMAT: 1876 1877This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1878breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1879list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1880If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1881to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1882 1883Copyright information: 1884 1885Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1886 1887Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1888modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1889document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1890 1891THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1892IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1893WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1894DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1895INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1896(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1897SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1898HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1899STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1900IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1901POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1902 1903Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1904this document. 1905 1906$FreeBSD$ 1907