1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520081009: 26 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 27 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 28 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 29 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 30 controller add the following to loader.conf: 31 32 uhci_load="YES" 33 ehci_load="YES" 34 3520081009: 36 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 37 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 38 sync. 39 4020080820: 41 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 42 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 43 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 44 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 45 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 46 47 PCI/ISA: 48 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 49 50 USB: 51 ubser, ucycom 52 53 Line disciplines: 54 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 55 56 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 57 cause compilation to fail. 58 5920080818: 60 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 61 6220080801: 63 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 64 65 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 66 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 67 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 68 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 69 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 70 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 71 accepting the RSA key. 72 73 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 74 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 75 command line. 76 77 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 78 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 79 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 80 behavior. 81 8220080713: 83 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 84 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 85 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 86 87 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 88 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 89 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 90 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 91 use the new device names. 92 93 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 94 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 95 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 96 at the loader prompt: 97 98 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 99 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 100 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 101 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 102 boot -s 103 10420080609: 105 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 106 disks instead. 107 10820080603: 109 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 110 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 111 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 112 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 113 11420080525: 115 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 116 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 117 11820080509: 119 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 120 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 121 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 122 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 123 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 124 12520080420: 126 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 127 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 128 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 129 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 130 For example, change: 131 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 132 to 133 wlans_ath0=wlan0 134 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 135 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 136 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 137 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 138 139 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 140 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 141 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 142 14320080408: 144 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 145 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 146 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 147 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 148 other operation levels. 149 15020080312: 151 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 152 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 153 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 154 compatibility with any prior release: 155 156 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 157 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 158 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 159 16020080301: 161 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 162 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 163 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 164 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 165 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 166 nonetheless. 167 16820080229: 169 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 170 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 171 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 172 with older hardware easier to do. 173 17420080220: 175 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 176 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 177 17820080211: 179 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 180 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 181 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 182 firewall rules. 183 18420080208: 185 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 186 mbuf chains. 187 18820080126: 189 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 190 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 191 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 192 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 193 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 194 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 195 third-party software might fail to build after this change 196 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 197 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 198 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 199 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 200 case that a portable fix is impossible. 201 20220080123: 203 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 204 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 205 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 206 20720071128: 208 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 209 functionality is the default now. 210 21120071118: 212 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 213 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 214 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 215 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 216 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 217 218 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 219 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 220 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 221 22220071024: 223 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 224 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 225 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 226 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 227 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 228 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 229 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 230 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 231 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 232 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 233 however. 234 23520071020: 236 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 237 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 238 used kproc_start().. 239 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 240 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 241 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 242 24320071010: 244 RELENG_7 branched. 245 24620071009: 247 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 248 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 249 25020070930: 251 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 252 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 253 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 254 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 255 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 256 25720070928: 258 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 259 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 260 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 261 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 262 rc.conf. 263 26420070921: 265 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 266 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 267 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 268 26920070704: 270 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 271 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 272 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 273 27420070702: 275 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 276 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 277 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 278 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 279 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 280 28120070701: 282 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 283 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 284 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 285 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 286 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 287 will change after some settling time. 288 28920070701: 290 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 291 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 292 information. 293 29420070612: 295 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 296 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 297 accordingly. 298 29920070612: 300 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 301 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 302 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 303 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 304 30520070612: 306 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 307 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 308 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 309 the IPv4 network stack. 310 311 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 312 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 313 has now been removed. 314 315 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 316 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 317 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 318 updated to reflect this. 319 320 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 321 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 322 interfaces. 323 32420070610: 325 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 326 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 327 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 328 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 329 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 330 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 331 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 332 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 333 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 334 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 335 operating properly. 336 33720070610: 338 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 339 function and starts providing an account management function. 340 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 341 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 342 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 343 344 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 345 346 and change it according to this example: 347 348 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 349 350 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 351 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 352 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 353 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 354 35520070529: 356 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 357 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 358 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 359 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 360 36120070516: 362 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 363 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 364 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 365 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 366 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 367 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 368 symbol. 369 37020070513: 371 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 372 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 373 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 374 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 375 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 376 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 377 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 378 379 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 380 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 381 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 382 38320070423: 384 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 385 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 386 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 387 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 388 38920070417: 390 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 391 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 392 39320070408: 394 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 395 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 396 base operating system should be recompiled. 397 39820070302: 399 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 400 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 401 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 402 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 403 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 404 40520070228: 406 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 407 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 408 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 409 deprecated in previous releases. 410 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 411 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 412 41320070224: 414 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 415 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 416 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 417 sync. For more info: 418 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 419 42020070224: 421 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 422 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 423 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 424 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 425 42620070214: 427 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 428 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 429 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 430 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 431 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 432 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 433 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 434 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 435 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 436 43720070210: 438 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 439 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 440 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 441 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 442 ip_mroute.ko module. 443 44420070207: 445 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 446 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 447 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 448 mrouted.conf. 449 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 450 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 451 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 452 45320061221: 454 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 455 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 456 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 457 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 458 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 459 in the loader. 460 46120061214: 462 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 463 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 464 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 465 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 466 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 467 46820061214: 469 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 470 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 471 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 472 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 473 47420061205: 475 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 476 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 477 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 478 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 479 linux module. 480 48120061126: 482 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 483 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 484 with exceptions of followings: 485 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 486 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 487 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 488 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 489 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 490 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 491 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 492 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 493 49420061122: 495 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 496 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 497 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 498 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 499 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 500 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 501 502 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 503 504 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 505 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 506 the array the same way you built it originally. 507 50820061122: 509 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 510 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 511 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 512 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 513 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 514 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 515 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 516 51720061113: 518 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 519 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 520 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 521 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 522 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 523 52420061110: 525 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 526 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 527 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 528 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 529 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 530 53120061026: 532 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 533 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 534 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 535 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 536 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 537 added to 'struct proc'. 538 53920060929: 540 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 541 54220060927: 543 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 544 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 545 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 546 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 547 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 548 54920060924: 550 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 551 55220060913: 553 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 554 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 555 systat needs to be rebuilt. 556 55720060903: 558 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 559 56020060816: 561 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 562 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 563 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 564 56520060725: 566 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 567 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 568 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 569 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 570 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 571 57220060709: 573 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 574 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 575 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 576 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 577 57820060627: 579 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 580 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 581 accordingly. 582 58320060514: 584 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 585 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 586 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 587 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 588 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 589 59020060511: 591 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 592 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 593 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 594 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 595 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 596 `make installworld' with: 597 598 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 599 600 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 601 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 602 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 603 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 604 60520060412: 606 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 607 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 608 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 609 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 610 rewrite rules. 611 61220060428: 613 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 614 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 615 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 616 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 617 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 618 implements the interface to support it. 619 62020060330: 621 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 622 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 623 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 624 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 625 functional. 626 62720060317: 628 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 629 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 630 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 631 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 632 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 633 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 634 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 635 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 636 likely follow. Posting to current@: 637 638 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 639 64020060305: 641 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 642 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 643 64420060303: 645 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 646 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 647 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 648 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 649 its dependencies. 650 65120060204: 652 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 653 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 654 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 655 65620060201: 657 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 658 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 659 66020060118: 661 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 662 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 663 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 664 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 665 on your next install. 666 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 667 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 668 to your /etc/make.conf. 669 67020060113: 671 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 672 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 673 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 674 67520060112: 676 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 677 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 678 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 679 68020060106: 681 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 682 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 683 68420060106: 685 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 686 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 687 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 688 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 689 69020051231: 691 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 692 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 693 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 694 69520051211: 696 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 697 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 698 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 699 accordingly. 700 70120051202: 702 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 703 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 704 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 705 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 706 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 707 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 708 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 709 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 710 71120051129: 712 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 713 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 714 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 715 71620051129: 717 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 718 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 719 72020051108: 721 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 722 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 723 72420051029: 725 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 726 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 727 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 728 72920051014: 730 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 731 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 732 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 733 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 734 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 735 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 736 modules afterwards. 737 73820051001: 739 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 740 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 741 74220050927: 743 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 744 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 745 74620050722: 747 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 748 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 749 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 750 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 751 architecture. 752 75320050711: 754 RELENG_6 branched here. 755 75620050629: 757 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 758 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 759 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 760 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 761 removable_interfaces. 762 76320050616: 764 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 765 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 766 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 767 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 768 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 769 affect existing configurations. 770 77120050610: 772 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 773 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 774 updated to the new APIs. 775 77620050609: 777 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 778 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 779 will not behave correctly. 780 781 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 782 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 783 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 784 78520050606: 786 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 787 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 788 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 789 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 790 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 791 792 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 793 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 794 anyway). 795 79620050605: 797 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 798 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 799 80020050603: 801 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 802 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 803 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 804 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 805 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 806 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 807 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 808 80920050528: 810 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 811 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 812 fail after this date. For full details, please see 813 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 814 81520050503: 816 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 817 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 818 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 819 82020050415: 821 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 822 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 823 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 824 should be updated. 825 82620050227: 827 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 828 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 829 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 830 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 831 83220050225: 833 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 834 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 835 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 836 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 837 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 838 none at this point.) 839 84020050224: 841 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 842 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 843 84420050223: 845 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 846 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 847 with the new kernel. 848 84920050223: 850 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 851 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 852 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 853 85420050220: 855 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 856 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 857 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 858 if you have updated the kernel. 859 860 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 861 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 862 mounting the new volume. 863 86420050206: 865 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 866 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 867 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 868 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 869 87020050206: 871 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 872 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 873 87420050114: 875 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 876 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 877 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 878 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 879 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 880 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 881 88220041221: 883 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 884 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 885 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 886 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 887 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 888 88920041219: 890 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 891 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 892 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 893 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 894 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 895 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 896 and wlan_xauth as required. 897 89820041213: 899 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 900 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 901 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 902 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 903 reflect the change. 904 90520041201: 906 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 907 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 908 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 909 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 910 the module when a wep key is configured). 911 91220041201: 913 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 914 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 915 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 916 91720041116: 918 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 919 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 920 92120041110: 922 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 923 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 924 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 925 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 926 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 927 their /etc/rc scripts. 928 92920041104: 930 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 931 93220041102: 933 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 934 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 935 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 936 93720041022: 938 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 939 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 940 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 941 94220041016: 943 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 944 in the RELENG_5 branch. 945 946COMMON ITEMS: 947 948 General Notes 949 ------------- 950 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 951 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 952 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 953 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 954 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 955 on the -current branch). 956 957 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 958 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 959 environment when searching for values for global variables. 960 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 961 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 962 page for more details. 963 964 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 965 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 966 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 967 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 968 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 969 version upgrade. 970 971 To build a kernel 972 ----------------- 973 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 974 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 975 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 976 977 make kernel-toolchain 978 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 979 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 980 981 To test a kernel once 982 --------------------- 983 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 984 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 985 debugging information) run 986 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 987 nextboot -k testkernel 988 989 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 990 -------------------------------------------------------------- 991 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 992 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 993 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 994 995 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 996 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 997 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 998 make depend 999 make 1000 make install 1001 1002 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1003 1004 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1005 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1006 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1007 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1008 1009 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1010 make buildworld 1011 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1012 [1] 1013 <reboot in single user> [3] 1014 mergemaster -p [5] 1015 make installworld 1016 make delete-old 1017 mergemaster [4] 1018 <reboot> 1019 1020 1021 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1022 -------------------------------------------------- 1023 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1024 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1025 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1026 # size. 1027 1028 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1029 <boot into -stable> 1030 make buildworld 1031 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1032 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1033 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1034 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1035 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1036 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1037 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1038 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1039 <reboot into current> 1040 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1041 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1042 <reboot> 1043 1044 1045 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1046 ---------------------------------------------- 1047 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1048 make buildworld [9] 1049 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1050 [1] 1051 <reboot in single user> [3] 1052 mergemaster -p [5] 1053 make installworld 1054 make delete-old 1055 mergemaster -i [4] 1056 <reboot> 1057 1058 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1059 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1060 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1061 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1062 the UPDATING entries. 1063 1064 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1065 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1066 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1067 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1068 much fewer pitfalls. 1069 1070 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1071 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1072 system on reboot. 1073 1074 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1075 fsck -p 1076 mount -u / 1077 mount -a 1078 cd src 1079 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1080 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1081 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1082 1083 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1084 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1085 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1086 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1087 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1088 for potential gotchas. 1089 1090 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1091 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1092 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1093 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1094 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1095 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1096 1097 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1098 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1099 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1100 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1101 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1102 1103 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1104 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1105 1106 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1107 cvs prune empty directories. 1108 1109 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1110 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1111 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1112 1113 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1114 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1115 warn if it is improperly defined. 1116FORMAT: 1117 1118This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1119breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1120and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1121previous releases if your system is older than this. 1122 1123Copyright information: 1124 1125Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1126 1127Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1128modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1129document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1130 1131THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1132IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1133WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1134DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1135INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1136(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1137SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1138HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1139STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1140IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1141POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1142 1143If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1144author a beer. 1145 1146Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1147this document. 1148 1149$FreeBSD$ 1150