1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020210513: 31 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 32 libraries and utilities are packaged. 33 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 34 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 35 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 36 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 37 on the system. 38 3920210426: 40 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 41 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 42 need to be rebuilt from sources. 43 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 44 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 45 is not recommended. 46 4720210411: 48 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 49 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 50 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 51 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 52 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 53 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 54 5520210330: 56 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 57 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 58 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 59 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 60 6120210225: 62 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 63 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 64 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 65 6620210128: 67 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 68 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003 69 update. 70 7120210108: 72 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 73 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 74 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 75 since it was bumped so recently. 76 7720210107: 78 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 79 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 80 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 81 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 82 8320210105: 84 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 85 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 86 requires a clean build. 87 8820201223: 89 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 90 instructions can be found at 91 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 92 and other documents in that repo. 93 9420201216: 95 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 96 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 97 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 98 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 99 10020201215: 101 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 102 may be installed from ports or packages. 103 10420201124: 105 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 106 See ping(8) for details. 107 10820201108: 109 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 110 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 111 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 112 11320201030: 114 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 115 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 116 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 117 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 118 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 119 12020201026: 121 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 122 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 123 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 124 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 125 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 126 find. 127 12820200923: 129 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 130 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 131 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 132 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 133 134 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 135 command you want to un-auger the tree is 136 cd sys/amd64/conf 137 svn revert -R . 138 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 139 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 140 14120200824: 142 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 143 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 144 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 145 unless you want to use new features. 146 147 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 148 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 149 rebuilding world may fail. 150 151 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 152 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 153 154 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 155 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 156 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 157 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 158 15920200824: 160 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 161 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 162 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 163 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 164 16520200821: 166 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 167 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 168 sources. 169 17020200817: 171 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 172 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 173 17420200816: 175 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 176 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 177 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 178 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 179 18020200810: 181 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 182 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 183 from sources, so a version bump was done. 184 18520200807: 186 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 187 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 188 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 189 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 190 19120200729: 192 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 193 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 194 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 195 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 196 continue to function. 197 198 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 199 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 200 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 201 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 202 20320200627: 204 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 205 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 206 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 207 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 208 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 209 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 210 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 211 21220200625: 213 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 214 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 215 21620200613: 217 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 218 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 219 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 220 22120200604: 222 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 223 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 224 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 225 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 226 227 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 228 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 229 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 230 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 231 /root/.shrc. 232 23320200523: 234 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 235 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 236 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 237 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 238 23920200512: 240 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 241 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 242 24320200424: 244 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 245 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 246 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 247 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 248 be functional without closefrom(2). 249 25020200414: 251 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 252 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 253 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 254 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 255 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 256 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 257 25820200310: 259 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 260 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 261 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 262 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 263 26420200309: 265 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 266 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 267 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 268 26920200301: 270 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 271 27220200229: 273 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 274 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 275 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 276 27720200229: 278 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 279 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 280 28120200229: 282 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 283 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 284 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 285 ports or packages. 286 28720200220: 288 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 289 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 290 ncurses. 291 29220200217: 293 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 294 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 295 together with their new kernel. 296 29720200212: 298 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 299 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 300 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 301 302 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 303 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 304 30520200108: 306 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 307 linker for riscv64. 308 30920200107: 310 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 311 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 312 external toolchain package. 313 31420200104: 315 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 316 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 317 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 318 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 319 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 320 32120200102: 322 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 323 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 324 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 325 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 326 32720191226: 328 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 329 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 330 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 331 ABI. 332 33320191226: 334 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 335 33620191222: 337 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 338 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 339 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 340 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 341 34220191212: 343 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 344 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 345 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 346 34720191205: 348 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 349 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 350 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 351 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 352 differences between those included in the port and those included in 353 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 354 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 355 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 356 35720191120: 358 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 359 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 360 for automounting. 361 36220191107: 363 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 364 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 365 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 366 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 367 add superio to the set. 368 36920191021: 370 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 371 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 372 37320191021: 374 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 375 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 376 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 377 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 378 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 379 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 380 completely in the future. 381 38220191009: 383 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 384 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 385 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 386 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 387 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 388 will be removed from the list. 389 39020191009: 391 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 392 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 393 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 394 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 395 39620191003: 397 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 398 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 399 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 400 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 401 40220190913: 403 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 404 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 405 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 406 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 407 40820190823: 409 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 410 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 411 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 412 41320190727: 414 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 415 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 416 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 417 your scripts, because they had no effect. 418 419 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 420 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 421 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 422 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 423 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 424 42520190713: 426 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 427 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 428 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 429 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 430 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 431 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 432 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 433 43420190620: 435 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 436 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 437 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 438 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 439 44020190612: 441 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 442 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 443 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 444 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 445 44620190608: 447 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 448 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 449 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 450 45120190513: 452 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 453 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 454 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 455 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 456 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 457 avoid running into the limit. 458 45920190507: 460 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 461 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 462 46320190507: 464 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 465 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 466 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 467 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 468 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 469 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 470 47120190418: 472 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 473 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 474 entropy: 475 476 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 477 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 478 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 479 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 480 availability properties. 481 482 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 483 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 484 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 485 initial condition, if desired. 486 487 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 488 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 489 490 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 491 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 492 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 493 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 494 49520190416: 496 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 497 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 498 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 499 therefore unblocked). 500 50120190404: 502 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 503 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 504 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 505 is added to the command line. 506 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 507 not affected and should continue to work. 508 50920190320: 510 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 511 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 512 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 513 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 514 51520190304: 516 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 517 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 518 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 519 or higher. 520 52120190226: 522 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 523 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 524 kernel config. 525 52620190219: 527 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 528 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 529 migrating to the drm ports. 530 53120190131: 532 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 533 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 534 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 535 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 536 is loaded automatically. 537 53820190125: 539 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 540 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 541 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 542 kernel config files. 543 54420181230: 545 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 546 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 547 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 548 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 549 55020181220: 551 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 552 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 553 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 554 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 555 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 556 most NFSv4 mounts. 557 55820181219: 559 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 560 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 561 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 562 563 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 564 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 565 566 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 567 removed from the mips port. 568 56920181211: 570 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 571 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 572 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 573 or higher. 574 57520181211: 576 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 577 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 578 57920181126: 580 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 581 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 582 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 583 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 584 58520181123: 586 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 587 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 588 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 589 59020181115: 591 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 592 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 593 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 594 FreeBSD versions. 595 59620181110: 597 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 598 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 599 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 600 601 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 602 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 603 being included using the command: 604 $ newsyslog -Nrv 605 60620181015: 607 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 608 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 609 drm-legacy-kmod. 610 611 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 612 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 613 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 614 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 615 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 616 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 617 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 618 that as you will get better support. 619 620 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 621 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 622 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 623 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 624 625 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 626 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 627 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 628 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 629 shortly. 630 63120181012: 632 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 633 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 634 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 635 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 636 be adjusted as necessary. 637 63820181009: 639 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 640 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 641 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 642 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 643 64420181006: 645 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 646 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 647 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 648 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 649 encouraged. 650 65120181002: 652 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 653 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 654 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 655 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 656 nda device name. 657 65820180913: 659 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 660 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 661 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 662 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 663 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 664 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 665 66620180826: 667 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 668 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 669 default since FreeBSD-11. 670 67120180822: 672 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 673 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 674 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 675 67620180818: 677 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 678 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 679 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 680 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 681 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 682 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 683 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 684 685 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 686 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 687 68820180815: 689 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 690 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 691 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 692 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 693 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 694 may not be observed in a future release. 695 69620180808: 697 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 698 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 699 your environment. 700 70120180731: 702 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 703 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 704 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 705 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 706 70720180730: 708 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 709 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 710 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 711 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 712 runtime services. 713 71420180727: 715 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 716 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 717 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 718 71920180723: 720 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 721 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 722 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 723 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 724 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 725 72620180720: 727 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 728 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 729 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 730 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 731 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 732 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 733 73420180719: 735 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 736 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 737 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 738 boot_serial=YES 739 boot_multicons=YES 740 in /boot/loader.conf 741 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 742 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 743 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 744 74520180719: 746 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 747 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 748 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 749 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 750 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 751 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 752 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 753 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 754 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 755 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 756 by the ntpd user. 757 75820180717: 759 Big endian arm support has been removed. 760 76120180711: 762 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 763 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 764 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 765 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 766 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 767 76820180705: 769 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 770 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 771 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 772 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 773 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 774 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 775 77620180702: 777 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 778 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 779 78020180701: 781 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 782 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 783 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 784 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 785 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 786 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 787 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 788 78920180630: 790 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 791 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 792 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 793 or higher. 794 79520180628: 796 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 797 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 798 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 799 file. 800 80120180612: 802 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 803 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 804 80520180530: 806 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 807 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 808 longer necessary. 809 81020180530: 811 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 812 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 813 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 814 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 815 81620180523: 817 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 818 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 819 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 820 later than r334108. 821 82220180517: 823 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 824 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 825 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 826 it must be removed. 827 82820180510: 829 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 830 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 831 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 832 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 833 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 834 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 835 will go away. 836 837 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 838 workaround is necessary. 839 84020180508: 841 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 842 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 843 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 844 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 845 84620180504: 847 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 848 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 849 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 850 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 851 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 852 85320180502: 854 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 855 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 856 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 857 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 858 85920180501: 860 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 861 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 862 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 863 be removed. 864 86520180413: 866 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 867 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 868 removed. 869 87020180411: 871 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 872 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 873 removed. 874 87520180406: 876 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 877 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 878 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 879 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 880 microseconds and time zone offsets. 881 882 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 883 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 884 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 885 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 886 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 887 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 888 adjustments, depending on the software used. 889 890 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 891 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 892 893 source src { 894 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 895 } 896 897 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 898 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 899 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 900 901 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 902 903 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 904 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 905 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 906 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 907 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 908 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 909 thus expected to continue to function as before. 910 911 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 912 change. 913 91420180328: 915 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 916 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 917 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 918 91920180323: 920 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 921 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 922 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 923 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 924 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 925 should be as simple as: 926 927 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 928 $ make depend all install 929 93020180212: 931 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 932 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 933 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 934 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 935 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 936 provisions for backup boot methods. 937 93820180211: 939 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 940 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 941 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 942 imp@freebsd.org. 943 94420180114: 945 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 946 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 947 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 948 or higher. 949 95020180110: 951 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 952 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 953 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 954 955 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 956 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 957 95820180110: 959 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 960 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 961 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 962 remove it from kernel config files. 963 96420180104: 965 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 966 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 967 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 968 969 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 970 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 971 97220180102: 973 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 974 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 975 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 976 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 977 97820171215: 979 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 980 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 981 98220171214: 983 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 984 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 985 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 986 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 987 98820171125: 989 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 990 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 991 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 992 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 993 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 994 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 995 99620171110: 997 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 998 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 999 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1000 100120171106: 1002 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1003 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1004 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1005 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1006 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1007 100820171102: 1009 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1010 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1011 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1012 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1013 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1014 environment. 1015 101620171101: 1017 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1018 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1019 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1020 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1021 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1022 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1023 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1024 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1025 than hardcoding paths. 1026 102720171028: 1028 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1029 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1030 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1031 103220171021: 1033 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1034 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1035 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1036 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1037 103820171010: 1039 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1040 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1041 104220171005: 1043 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1044 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1045 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1046 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1047 104820171003: 1049 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1050 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1051 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1052 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1053 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1054 105520170912: 1056 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1057 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1058 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1059 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1060 /etc/ctl.conf . 1061 106220170912: 1063 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1064 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1065 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1066 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1067 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1068 106920170826: 1070 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1071 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1072 107320170825: 1074 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1075 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1076 to complete. 1077 107820170814: 1079 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1080 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1081 ${TESTSDIR}. 1082 1083 Behavioral changes: 1084 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1085 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1086 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1087 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1088 1089 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1090 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1091 sandbox if successful. 1092 1093 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1094 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1095 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1096 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1097 an unprivileged user. 1098 109920170808: 1100 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1101 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1102 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1103 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1104 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1105 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1106 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1107 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1108 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1109 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1110 to which you should answer yes. 1111 111220170728: 1113 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1114 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1115 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1116 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1117 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1118 111920170722: 1120 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1121 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1122 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1123 112420170701: 1125 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1126 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1127 112820170625: 1129 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1130 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1131 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1132 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1133 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1134 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1135 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1136 113720170623: 1138 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1139 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1140 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1141 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1142 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1143 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1144 114520170620: 1146 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1147 if you require the GPL compiler. 1148 114920170618: 1150 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1151 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1152 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1153 115420170617: 1155 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1156 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1157 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1158 followed. 1159 116020170531: 1161 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1162 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1163 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1164 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1165 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1166 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1167 116820170524: 1169 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1170 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1171 which only require one chipset support. 1172 1173 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1174 1175 if_ath_load="YES" 1176 1177 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1178 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1179 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1180 1181 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 1182 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1183 1184 * load ath_hal 1185 * load the chip modules in question 1186 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1187 * load ath_main 1188 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1189 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1190 1191 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1192 119320170523: 1194 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1195 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1196 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1197 1198 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1199 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1200 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1201 1202 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1203 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1204 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1205 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1206 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1207 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1208 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1209 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1210 121120170424: 1212 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1213 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1214 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1215 121620170420: 1217 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1218 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1219 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1220 122120170413: 1222 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1223 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1224 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1225 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1226 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1227 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1228 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1229 123020170407: 1231 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1232 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1233 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1234 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1235 123620170405: 1237 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1238 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1239 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1240 124120170331: 1242 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1243 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1244 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1245 124620170329: 1247 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1248 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1249 1250 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1251 via one of the following methods: 1252 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1253 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1254 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1255 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1256 1257 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1258 125920170316: 1260 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1261 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1262 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1263 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1264 with mmc.ko). 1265 126620170315: 1267 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1268 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1269 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1270 be prefixed with colon. 1271 127220170311: 1273 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1274 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1275 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1276 127720170302: 1278 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1279 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1280 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1281 128220170221: 1283 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1284 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1285 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1286 change. 1287 128820170216: 1289 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1290 valid. 1291 129220170215: 1293 MCA bus support has been removed. 1294 129520170127: 1296 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1297 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1298 129920170112: 1300 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1301 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1302 130320170109: 1304 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1305 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1306 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1307 configuration. 1308 130920161217: 1310 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1311 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1312 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1313 131420161124: 1315 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1316 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1317 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1318 131920161119: 1320 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1321 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1322 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1323 132420161030: 1325 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1326 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1327 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1328 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1329 133020161017: 1331 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1332 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1333 parts. 1334 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1335 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1336 133720161015: 1338 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1339 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1340 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1341 removed from base. 1342 134320161008: 1344 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1345 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1346 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1347 134820161003: 1349 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1350 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1351 135220160924: 1353 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1354 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1355 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1356 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1357 135820160918: 1359 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1360 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1361 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1362 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1363 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1364 136520160918: 1366 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1367 136820160908: 1369 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1370 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1371 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1372 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1373 137420160824: 1375 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1376 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1377 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1378 to 1200005. 1379 138020160818: 1381 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1382 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1383 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1384 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1385 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1386 0. 1387 138820160818: 1389 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1390 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1391 139220160708: 1393 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1394 139520160622: 1396 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 1397 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 1398 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 1399 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 1400 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 1401 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 1402 kernel. 1403 140420160527: 1405 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 1406 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 1407 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 1408 previously contained a line like 1409 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 1410 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 1411 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 1412 generally be fine. 1413 141420160523: 1415 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 1416 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 1417 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 1418 built with the old headers. 1419 142020160520: 1421 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 1422 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 1423 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 1424 installing a new libc. 1425 142620160517: 1427 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 1428 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 1429 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 1430 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 1431 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 1432 packages will be needed. 1433 1434 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 1435 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 1436 and the install steps. 1437 143820160510: 1439 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 1440 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 1441 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 1442 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 1443 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 1444 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 1445 144620160414: 1447 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 1448 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 1449 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 1450 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 1451 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 1452 1453 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1454 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1455 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 1456 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 1457 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 1458 1459 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 1460 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 1461 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 1462 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 1463 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 1464 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 1465 vendors work. 1466 1467 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 1468 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 1469 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 1470 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 1471 quirks entry to 0x3. 1472 147320160330: 1474 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 1475 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 1476 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 1477 147820160317: 1479 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 1480 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 1481 148220160311: 1483 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 1484 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 1485 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 1486 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 1487 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 1488 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 1489 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 1490 stale .depend files. 1491 149220160306: 1493 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 1494 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 1495 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 1496 rebooting, e.g.: 1497 1498 make buildworld 1499 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1500 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1501 make -C sys/boot install 1502 <reboot in single user> 1503 1504 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 1505 below. 1506 150720160305: 1508 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 1509 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1510 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1511 151220160301: 1513 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 1514 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 1515 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 1516 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 1517 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 1518 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 1519 152020160226: 1521 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 1522 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 1523 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 1524 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 1525 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 1526 152720160129: 1528 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 1529 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 1530 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 1531 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 1532 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1533 153420160119: 1535 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1536 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1537 153820160113: 1539 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1540 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1541 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1542 154320151216: 1544 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1545 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1546 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1547 other loaders. 1548 154920151211: 1550 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1551 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1552 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1553 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1554 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1555 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1556 155720151207: 1558 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1559 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1560 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1561 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1562 in src.conf(5). 1563 156420151130: 1565 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1566 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1567 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1568 156920151108: 1570 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1571 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1572 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1573 1574 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1575 collation results will be different. 1576 1577 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1578 locales before running make installworld. 1579 1580 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1581 158220151030: 1583 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1584 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1585 158620151020: 1587 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1588 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1589 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1590 159120151017: 1592 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1593 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1594 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1595 and 'make -N' will not. 1596 159720151012: 1598 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1599 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1600 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1601 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1602 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1603 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1604 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1605 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1606 160720151011: 1608 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1609 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1610 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1611 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1612 161320151006: 1614 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1615 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1616 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1617 161820150924: 1619 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1620 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1621 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1622 userland debug files. 1623 1624 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1625 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1626 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1627 1628 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1629 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1630 163120150827: 1632 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1633 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1634 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1635 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1636 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1637 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1638 163920150827: 1640 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1641 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1642 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1643 164420150817: 1645 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1646 them, the kernel must have 1647 1648 device random 1649 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1650 1651 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1652 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1653 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1654 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1655 1656 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1657 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1658 165920150813: 1660 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1661 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1662 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1663 166420150810: 1665 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1666 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1667 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1668 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1669 1670 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1671 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1672 difference with this change. 1673 1674 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1675 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1676 remove that workaround. 1677 167820150809: 1679 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1680 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1681 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1682 with: 1683 1684 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1685 168620150806: 1687 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1688 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1689 loader.rc.local instead. 1690 169120150805: 1692 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1693 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1694 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1695 169620150728: 1697 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1698 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1699 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1700 1701 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1702 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1703 170420150706: 1705 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1706 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1707 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1708 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1709 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1710 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1711 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1712 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1713 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1714 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1715 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1716 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1717 171820150630: 1719 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1720 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1721 1722 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1723 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1724 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1725 1726 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1727 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1728 1729 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1730 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1731 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1732 1733 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1734 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1735 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1736 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1737 1738 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1739 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1740 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1741 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1742 1743 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1744 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1745 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1746 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1747 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1748 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1749 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1750 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1751 will never happen. 1752 175320150623: 1754 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1755 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1756 175720150616: 1758 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1759 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1760 176120150615: 1762 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1763 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1764 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1765 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1766 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1767 176820150614: 1769 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1770 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1771 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1772 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1773 177420150614: 1775 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1776 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1777 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1778 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1779 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1780 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1781 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1782 1783 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1784 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1785 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1786 replace it with '2'. 1787 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1788 a file path, create a new file with: 1789 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1790 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1791 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1792 5. Restart sendmail: 1793 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1794 1795 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1796 updated. 1797 179820150604: 1799 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1800 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1801 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1802 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1803 5.x. 1804 1805 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1806 180720150525: 1808 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1809 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1810 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1811 181220150521: 1813 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1814 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1815 and Pandaboard: 1816 1817 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1818 same but content is different now 1819 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1820 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1821 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1822 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1823 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1824 182520150501: 1826 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1827 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1828 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1829 183020150423: 1831 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1832 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1833 183420150415: 1835 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1836 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1837 183820150416: 1839 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1840 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1841 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1842 184320150324: 1844 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1845 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1846 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1847 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1848 184920150315: 1850 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1851 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1852 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1853 185420150307: 1855 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1856 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1857 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1858 kernel before rebooting. 1859 186020150217: 1861 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1862 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1863 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1864 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1865 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1866 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1867 186820150210: 1869 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1870 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1871 with the new kernel. 1872 187320150131: 1874 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1875 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1876 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1877 187820150118: 1879 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1880 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1881 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1882 are not already using 3.5.0. 1883 188420150107: 1885 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1886 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1887 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1888 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1889 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1890 189120150105: 1892 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1893 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1894 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1895 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1896 189720150102: 1898 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1899 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1900 190120141231: 1902 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1903 1904 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1905 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1906 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1907 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1908 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1909 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1910 later. 1911 1912 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1913 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1914 of the box. 1915 1916 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1917 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1918 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1919 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1920 1921 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1922 the instructions for 9.x above. 1923 1924 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1925 default, and do not build clang. 1926 1927 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1928 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1929 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1930 1931 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1932 the following are most likely to appear: 1933 1934 -Wabsolute-value 1935 1936 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1937 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1938 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1939 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1940 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1941 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1942 cast, or disable the warning. 1943 1944 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1945 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1946 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1947 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1948 side-effects. 1949 1950 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1951 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1952 1953 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1954 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1955 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1956 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1957 1958 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1959 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1960 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1961 unreachable could be optimized away. 1962 196320141222: 1964 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1965 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1966 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1967 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1968 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1969 the utilities will report errors. 1970 197120141121: 1972 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1973 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1974 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1975 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1976 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1977 LOCAL_DIRS. 1978 197920141109: 1980 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1981 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1982 198320141104: 1984 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1985 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1986 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1987 drivers. 1988 1989 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1990 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1991 indicate what you need to do. 1992 1993 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1994 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1995 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1996 1997 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1998 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1999 kern.vty=sc 2000 200120141102: 2002 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 2003 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 2004 execute it. 2005 200620141009: 2007 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 2008 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 2009 devel/gperf port. 2010 201120140923: 2012 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 2013 contrib/pjdfstest . 2014 201520140922: 2016 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 2017 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 2018 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 2019 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 2020 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 2021 their next update cycle. 2022 202320140729: 2024 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 2025 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 2026 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 2027 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 2028 1.12.4_8 or newer. 2029 203020140723: 2031 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 2032 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 2033 203420140719: 2035 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 2036 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 2037 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 2038 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 2039 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 2040 new configuration. 2041 204220140709: 2043 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 2044 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 2045 them again. 2046 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 2047 204820140708: 2049 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 2050 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 2051 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 2052 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 2053 requires readline. 2054 205520140702: 2056 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 2057 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 2058 architecture. 2059 206020140701: 2061 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 2062 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 2063 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 2064 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 2065 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2066 206720140629: 2068 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 2069 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 2070 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 2071 207220140619: 2073 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 2074 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 2075 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 2076 207720140606: 2078 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 2079 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 2080 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 2081 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 2082 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 2083 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 2084 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 2085 "make installworld". 2086 2087 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 2088 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 2089 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 2090 is run. 2091 2092 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 2093 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 2094 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 2095 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 2096 be removed during a clean upgrade. 2097 209820140512: 2099 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 2100 210120140508: 2102 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 2103 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 2104 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 2105 210620140505: 2107 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 2108 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 2109 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 2110 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 2111 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 2112 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 2113 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 2114 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 2115 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 2116 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 2117 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 2118 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 2119 2120 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 2121 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 2122 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 2123 as well. 2124 212520140430: 2126 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 2127 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2128 212920140424: 2130 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 2131 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 2132 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 2133 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 2134 build hosts for older releases. 2135 2136 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 2137 r276991, respectively. 2138 213920140418: 2140 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 2141 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 2142 will silently lack HESIOD. 2143 214420140405: 2145 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 2146 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 2147 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 2148 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 2149 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 2150 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 2151 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 2152 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 2153 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 2154 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 2155 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 2156 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 2157 215820140306: 2159 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 2160 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 2161 with command line option -W. 2162 216320140226: 2164 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 2165 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 2166 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 2167 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 2168 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 2169 217020140216: 2171 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 2172 217320140216: 2174 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 2175 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 2176 217720140212: 2178 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 2179 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 2180 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 2181 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 2182 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 2183 218420140204: 2185 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 2186 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 2187 kernel is still highly recommended. 2188 218920140131: 2190 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 2191 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 2192 capability mode support in kernel. 2193 219420140128: 2195 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 2196 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 2197 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 2198 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 2199 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 2200 220120140110: 2202 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 2203 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 2204 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 2205 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 2206 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 2207 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 2208 220920131213: 2210 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 2211 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 2212 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 2213 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 2214 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 2215 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 2216 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 2217 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 2218 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 2219 222020131108: 2221 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 2222 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 2223 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 2224 should change your settings to use the latter. 2225 222620131025: 2227 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 2228 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 2229 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 2230 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 2231 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 2232 223320131014: 2234 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 2235 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 2236 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 2237 delete-old-libs": 2238 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 2239 or 2240 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 2241 224220131010: 2243 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 2244 revision r256279. 2245 2246COMMON ITEMS: 2247 2248 General Notes 2249 ------------- 2250 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2251 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2252 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2253 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2254 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2255 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2256 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2257 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2258 2259 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2260 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2261 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2262 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2263 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2264 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2265 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2266 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2267 an exception. 2268 2269 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2270 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2271 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2272 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2273 step. 2274 2275 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2276 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2277 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2278 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2279 2280 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2281 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2282 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2283 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2284 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2285 should write them with this in mind. 2286 2287 ZFS notes 2288 --------- 2289 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 2290 these two steps: 2291 2292 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2293 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2294 2295 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 2296 2297 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the 2298 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2299 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0" 2300 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if 2301 booting from EFI). 2302 2303 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2304 2305 To build a kernel 2306 ----------------- 2307 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2308 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2309 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2310 2311 make kernel-toolchain 2312 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2313 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2314 2315 To test a kernel once 2316 --------------------- 2317 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2318 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2319 debugging information) run 2320 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2321 nextboot -k testkernel 2322 2323 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2324 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2325 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2326 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2327 2328 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2329 make buildworld 2330 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2331 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2332 [1] 2333 <reboot in single user> [3] 2334 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2335 make installworld 2336 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2337 make delete-old [6] 2338 <reboot> 2339 2340 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2341 -------------------------------------------------- 2342 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2343 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2344 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2345 # size. 2346 2347 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2348 <boot into -stable> 2349 make buildworld 2350 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2351 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2352 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2353 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2354 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2355 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2356 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2357 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2358 <reboot into current> 2359 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2360 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2361 <reboot> 2362 2363 2364 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2365 ---------------------------------------------- 2366 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2367 make buildworld [9] 2368 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2369 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2370 [1] 2371 <reboot in single user> [3] 2372 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2373 make installworld 2374 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2375 make delete-old [6] 2376 <reboot> 2377 2378 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2379 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2380 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2381 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2382 the UPDATING entries. 2383 2384 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2385 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2386 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2387 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2388 much fewer pitfalls. 2389 2390 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 2391 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2392 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2393 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2394 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2395 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2396 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2397 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2398 and effective, eg: 2399 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 2400 2401 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2402 fsck -p 2403 mount -u / 2404 mount -a 2405 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2406 cd src # full path to source 2407 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2408 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2409 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2410 2411 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2412 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2413 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2414 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2415 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2416 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2417 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2418 2419 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2420 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2421 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2422 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2423 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2424 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2425 2426 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2427 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2428 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2429 2430 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2431 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2432 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2433 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2434 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2435 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2436 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2437 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2438 2439 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2440 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2441 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2442 for these as well. 2443 2444 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2445 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2446 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2447 2448 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2449 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2450 warn if it is improperly defined. 2451FORMAT: 2452 2453This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2454breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2455list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2456If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2457to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2458 2459Copyright information: 2460 2461Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2462 2463Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2464modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2465document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2466 2467THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2468IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2469WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2470DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2471INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2472(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2473SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2474HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2475STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2476IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2477POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2478 2479Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2480this document. 2481 2482$FreeBSD$ 2483