xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 48c779cdecb5f803e5fe5d761987e976ca9609db)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
19	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
20	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
21	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
25	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
28
2920191107:
30	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
31	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
32	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
33	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
34	add superio to the set.
35
3620191021:
37	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
38	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
39
4020191021:
41	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
42	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
43	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
44	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
45	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
46	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
47	completely in the future.
48
4920191009:
50	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
51	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
52	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
53	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
54	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
55	will be removed from the list.
56
5720191009:
58	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
59	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
60	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
61	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
62
6320191003:
64	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
65	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
66	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
67	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
68
6920190913:
70	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
71	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
72	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
73	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
74
7520190823:
76	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
77	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
78	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
79
8020190727:
81	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
82	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
83	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
84	your scripts, because they had no effect.
85
86	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
87	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
88	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
89	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
90	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
91
9220190713:
93	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
94	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
95	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
96	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
97	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
98	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
99	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
100
10120190620:
102	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
103	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
104	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
105	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
106
10720190612:
108	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
109	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
110	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
111	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
112
11320190608:
114	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
115	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
116	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
117
11820190513:
119	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
120	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
121	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
122	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
123	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
124	avoid running into the limit.
125
12620190507:
127	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
128	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
129
13020190507:
131	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
132	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
133	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
134	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
135	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
136	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
137
13820190418:
139	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
140	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
141	entropy:
142
143	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
144	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
145	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
146	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
147	availability properties.
148
149	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
150	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
151	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
152	initial condition, if desired.
153
154	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
155	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
156
157	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
158	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
159	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
160	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
161
16220190416:
163	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
164	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
165	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
166	therefore unblocked).
167
16820190404:
169	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
170	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
171	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
172	is added to the command line.
173	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
174	not affected and should continue to work.
175
17620190320:
177	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
178	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
179	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
180	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
181
18220190304:
183	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
184	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
185	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
186	or higher.
187
18820190226:
189	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
190	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
191	kernel config.
192
19320190219:
194	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
195	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
196	migrating to the drm ports.
197
19820190131:
199	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
200	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
201	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
202	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
203	is loaded automatically.
204
20520190125:
206	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
207	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
208	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
209	kernel config files.
210
21120181230:
212	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
213	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
214	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
215	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
216
21720181220:
218	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
219	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
220	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
221	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
222	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
223	most NFSv4 mounts.
224
22520181219:
226	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
227	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
228	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
229
230	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
231	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
232
233	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
234	removed from the mips port.
235
23620181211:
237	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
238	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
239	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
240	or higher.
241
24220181211:
243	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
244	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
245
24620181126:
247	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
248	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
249	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
250	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
251
25220181123:
253	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
254	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
255	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
256
25720181115:
258	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
259	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
260	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
261	FreeBSD versions.
262
26320181110:
264	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
265	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
266	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
267
268	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
269	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
270	being included using the command:
271		$ newsyslog -Nrv
272
27320181015:
274	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
275	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
276	drm-legacy-kmod.
277
278	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
279	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
280	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
281	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
282	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
283	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
284	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
285	that as you will get better support.
286
287	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
288	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
289	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
290	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
291
292	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
293	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
294	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
295	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
296	shortly.
297
29820181012:
299	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
300	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
301	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
302	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
303	be adjusted as necessary.
304
30520181009:
306	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
307	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
308	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
309	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
310
31120181006:
312	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
313	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
314	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
315	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
316	encouraged.
317
31820181002:
319	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
320	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
321	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
322	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
323	nda device name.
324
32520180913:
326	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
327	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
328	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
329	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
330	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
331	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
332
33320180826:
334	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
335	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
336	default since FreeBSD-11.
337
33820180822:
339	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
340	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
341	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
342
34320180818:
344	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
345	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
346	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
347	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
348	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
349	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
350	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
351
352	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
353	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
354
35520180815:
356	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
357	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
358	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
359	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
360	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
361	may not be observed in a future release.
362
36320180808:
364	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
365	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
366	your environment.
367
36820180731:
369	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
370	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
371	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
372	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
373
37420180730:
375	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
376	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
377	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
378	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
379	runtime services.
380
38120180727:
382	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
383	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
384	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
385
38620180723:
387	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
388	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
389	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
390	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
391	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
392
39320180720:
394	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
395	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
396	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
397	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
398	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
399	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
400
40120180719:
402	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
403	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
404	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
405	boot_serial=YES
406	boot_multicons=YES
407	in /boot/loader.conf
408	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
409	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
410	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
411
41220180719:
413	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
414	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
415	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
416	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
417	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
418	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
419	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
420	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
421	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
422	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
423	by the ntpd user.
424
42520180717:
426	Big endian arm support has been removed.
427
42820180711:
429	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
430	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
431	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
432	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
433	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
434
43520180705:
436	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
437	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
438	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
439	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
440	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
441	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
442
44320180702:
444	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
445	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
446
44720180701:
448	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
449	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
450	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
451	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
452	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
453	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
454	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
455
45620180630:
457	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
458	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
459	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
460	or higher.
461
46220180628:
463	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
464	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
465	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
466	file.
467
46820180612:
469	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
470	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
471
47220180530:
473	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
474	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
475	longer necessary.
476
47720180530:
478	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
479	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
480	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
481	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
482
48320180523:
484	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
485	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
486	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
487	later than r334108.
488
48920180517:
490	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
491	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
492	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
493	it must be removed.
494
49520180510:
496	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
497	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
498	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
499	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
500	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
501	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
502	will go away.
503
504	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
505	workaround is necessary.
506
50720180508:
508	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
509	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
510	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
511	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
512
51320180504:
514	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
515	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
516	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
517	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
518	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
519
52020180502:
521	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
522	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
523	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
524	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
525
52620180501:
527	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
528	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
529	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
530	be removed.
531
53220180413:
533	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
534	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
535	removed.
536
53720180411:
538	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
539	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
540	removed.
541
54220180406:
543	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
544	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
545	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
546	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
547	microseconds and time zone offsets.
548
549	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
550	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
551	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
552	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
553	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
554	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
555	adjustments, depending on the software used.
556
557	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
558	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
559
560		source src {
561			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
562		}
563
564	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
565	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
566	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
567
568		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
569
570	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
571	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
572	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
573	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
574	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
575	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
576	thus expected to continue to function as before.
577
578	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
579	change.
580
58120180328:
582	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
583	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
584	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
585
58620180323:
587	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
588	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
589	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
590	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
591	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
592	should be as simple as:
593
594		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
595		$ make depend all install
596
59720180212:
598	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
599	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
600	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
601	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
602	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
603	provisions for backup boot methods.
604
60520180211:
606	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
607	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
608	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
609	imp@freebsd.org.
610
61120180114:
612	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
613	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
614	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
615	or higher.
616
61720180110:
618	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
619	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
620	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
621
622	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
623	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
624
62520180110:
626	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
627	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
628	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
629	remove it from kernel config files.
630
63120180104:
632	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
633	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
634	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
635
636	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
637	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
638
63920180102:
640	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
641	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
642	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
643	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
644
64520171215:
646	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
647	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
648
64920171214:
650	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
651	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
652	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
653	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
654
65520171125:
656	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
657	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
658	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
659	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
660	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
661	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
662
66320171110:
664	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
665	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
666	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
667
66820171106:
669	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
670	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
671	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
672	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
673	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
674
67520171102:
676	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
677	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
678	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
679	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
680	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
681	environment.
682
68320171101:
684	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
685	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
686	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
687	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
688	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
689	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
690	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
691	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
692	than hardcoding paths.
693
69420171028:
695	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
696	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
697	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
698
69920171021:
700	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
701	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
702	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
703	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
704
70520171010:
706	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
707	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
708
70920171005:
710	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
711	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
712	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
713	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
714
71520171003:
716	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
717	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
718	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
719	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
720	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
721
72220170912:
723	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
724	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
725	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
726	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
727	/etc/ctl.conf .
728
72920170912:
730	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
731	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
732	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
733	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
734	soft-float everything else should be affected.
735
73620170826:
737	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
738	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
739
74020170825:
741	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
742	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
743	to complete.
744
74520170814:
746	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
747	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
748	${TESTSDIR}.
749
750	Behavioral changes:
751	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
752	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
753	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
754	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
755
756	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
757	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
758	sandbox if successful.
759
760	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
761	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
762	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
763	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
764	an unprivileged user.
765
76620170808:
767	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
768	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
769	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
770	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
771	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
772	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
773	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
774	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
775	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
776	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
777	to which you should answer yes.
778
77920170728:
780	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
781	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
782	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
783	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
784	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
785
78620170722:
787	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
788	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
789	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
790
79120170701:
792	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
793	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
794
79520170625:
796	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
797	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
798	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
799	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
800	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
801	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
802	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
803
80420170623:
805	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
806	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
807	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
808	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
809	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
810	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
811
81220170620:
813	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
814	if you require the GPL compiler.
815
81620170618:
817	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
818	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
819	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
820
82120170617:
822	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
823	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
824	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
825	followed.
826
82720170531:
828	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
829	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
830	from ports (and recommends to install it).
831	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
832	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
833	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
834
83520170524:
836	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
837	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
838	which only require one chipset support.
839
840	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
841
842	if_ath_load="YES"
843
844	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
845	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
846	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
847
848	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
849	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
850
851	* load ath_hal
852	* load the chip modules in question
853	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
854	* load ath_main
855	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
856	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
857
858	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
859
86020170523:
861	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
862	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
863	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
864
865	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
866	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
867	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
868
869	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
870	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
871	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
872	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
873	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
874	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
875	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
876	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
877
87820170424:
879	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
880	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
881	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
882
88320170420:
884	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
885	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
886	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
887
88820170413:
889	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
890	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
891	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
892	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
893	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
894	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
895	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
896
89720170407:
898	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
899	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
900	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
901	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
902
90320170405:
904	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
905	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
906	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
907
90820170331:
909	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
910	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
911	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
912
91320170329:
914	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
915	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
916
917	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
918	via one of the following methods:
919	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
920	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
921	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
922	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
923
924	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
925
92620170316:
927	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
928	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
929	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
930	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
931	with mmc.ko).
932
93320170315:
934	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
935	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
936	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
937	be prefixed with colon.
938
93920170311:
940	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
941	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
942	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
943
94420170302:
945	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
946	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
947	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
948
94920170221:
950	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
951	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
952	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
953	change.
954
95520170216:
956	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
957	valid.
958
95920170215:
960	MCA bus support has been removed.
961
96220170127:
963	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
964	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
965
96620170112:
967	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
968	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
969
97020170109:
971	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
972	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
973	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
974	configuration.
975
97620161217:
977	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
978	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
979	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
980
98120161124:
982	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
983	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
984	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
985
98620161119:
987	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
988	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
989	that link against it need to be recompiled.
990
99120161030:
992	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
993	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
994	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
995	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
996
99720161017:
998	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
999	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1000	parts.
1001	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1002	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1003
100420161015:
1005	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1006	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1007	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1008	removed from base.
1009
101020161008:
1011	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1012	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1013	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1014
101520161003:
1016	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1017	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1018
101920160924:
1020	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1021	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1022	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1023	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1024
102520160918:
1026	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1027	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1028	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1029	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1030	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1031
103220160918:
1033	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1034
103520160908:
1036	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1037	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1038	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1039	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1040
104120160824:
1042	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1043	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1044	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1045	to 1200005.
1046
104720160818:
1048	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1049	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1050	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1051	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1052	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1053	0.
1054
105520160818:
1056	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1057	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1058
105920160708:
1060	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1061
106220160622:
1063	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1064	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1065	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1066	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1067	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1068	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1069	kernel.
1070
107120160527:
1072	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1073	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1074	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1075	previously contained a line like
1076	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1077	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1078	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1079	generally be fine.
1080
108120160523:
1082	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1083	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1084	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1085	built with the old headers.
1086
108720160520:
1088	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1089	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1090	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1091	installing a new libc.
1092
109320160517:
1094	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1095	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1096	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1097	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1098	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1099	packages will be needed.
1100
1101	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1102	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1103	and the install steps.
1104
110520160510:
1106	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1107	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1108	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1109	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1110	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1111	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1112
111320160414:
1114	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1115	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1116	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1117	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1118	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1119
1120		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1121		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1122		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1123		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1124		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1125
1126	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1127	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1128	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1129	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1130	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1131	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1132	vendors work.
1133
1134	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1135	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1136		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1137	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1138	quirks entry to 0x3.
1139
114020160330:
1141	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1142	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1143	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1144
114520160317:
1146	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1147	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1148
114920160311:
1150	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1151	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1152	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1153	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1154	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1155	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1156	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1157	stale .depend files.
1158
115920160306:
1160	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1161	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1162	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1163	rebooting, e.g.:
1164
1165	make buildworld
1166	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1167	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1168	make -C sys/boot install
1169	<reboot in single user>
1170
1171	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1172	below.
1173
117420160305:
1175	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1176	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1177	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1178
117920160301:
1180	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1181	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1182	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1183	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1184	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1185	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1186
118720160226:
1188	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1189	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1190	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1191	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1192	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1193
119420160129:
1195	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1196	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1197	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1198	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1199	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1200
120120160119:
1202	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1203	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1204
120520160113:
1206	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1207	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1208	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1209
121020151216:
1211	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1212	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1213	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1214	other loaders.
1215
121620151211:
1217	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1218	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1219	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1220	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1221	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1222	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1223
122420151207:
1225	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1226	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1227	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1228	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1229	in src.conf(5).
1230
123120151130:
1232	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1233	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1234	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1235
123620151108:
1237	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1238	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1239	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1240
1241	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1242	collation results will be different.
1243
1244	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1245	locales before running make installworld.
1246
1247	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1248
124920151030:
1250	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1251	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1252
125320151020:
1254	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1255	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1256	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1257
125820151017:
1259	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1260	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1261	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1262	and 'make -N' will not.
1263
126420151012:
1265	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1266	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1267	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1268	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1269	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1270	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1271	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1272	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1273
127420151011:
1275	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1276	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1277	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1278	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1279
128020151006:
1281	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1282	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1283	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1284
128520150924:
1286	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1287	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1288	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1289	userland debug files.
1290
1291	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1292	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1293	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1294
1295	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1296	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1297
129820150827:
1299	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1300	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1301	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1302	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1303	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1304	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1305
130620150827:
1307	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1308	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1309	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1310
131120150817:
1312	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1313	them, the kernel must have
1314
1315	device	random
1316	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1317
1318	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1319	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1320	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1321	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1322
1323	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1324	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1325
132620150813:
1327	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1328	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1329	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1330
133120150810:
1332	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1333	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1334	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1335	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1336
1337	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1338	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1339	difference with this change.
1340
1341	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1342	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1343	remove that workaround.
1344
134520150809:
1346	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1347	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1348	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1349	with:
1350
1351	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1352
135320150806:
1354	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1355	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1356	loader.rc.local instead.
1357
135820150805:
1359	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1360	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1361	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1362
136320150728:
1364	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1365	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1366	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1367
1368	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1369	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1370
137120150706:
1372	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1373	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1374	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1375	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1376	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1377	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1378	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1379	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1380	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1381	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1382	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1383	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1384
138520150630:
1386	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1387	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1388
1389	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1390	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1391	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1392
1393	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1394	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1395
1396	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1397	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1398	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1399
1400	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1401	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1402	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1403	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1404
1405	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1406	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1407	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1408	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1409
1410	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1411	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1412	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1413	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1414	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1415	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1416	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1417	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1418	will never happen.
1419
142020150623:
1421	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1422	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1423
142420150616:
1425	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1426	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1427
142820150615:
1429	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1430	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1431	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1432	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1433	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1434
143520150614:
1436	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1437	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1438	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1439	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1440
144120150614:
1442	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1443	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1444	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1445	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1446	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1447	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1448	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1449
1450	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1451	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1452	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1453	   replace it with '2'.
1454	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1455	   a file path, create a new file with:
1456		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1457	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1458		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1459	5. Restart sendmail:
1460		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1461
1462	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1463	updated.
1464
146520150604:
1466	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1467	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1468	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1469	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1470	5.x.
1471
1472	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1473
147420150525:
1475	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1476	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1477	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1478
147920150521:
1480	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1481	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1482	and Pandaboard:
1483
1484	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1485	  same but content is different now
1486	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1487	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1488	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1489	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1490	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1491
149220150501:
1493	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1494	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1495	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1496
149720150423:
1498	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1499	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1500
150120150415:
1502	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1503	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1504
150520150416:
1506	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1507	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1508	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1509
151020150324:
1511	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1512	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1513	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1514	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1515
151620150315:
1517	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1518	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1519	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1520
152120150307:
1522	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1523	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1524	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1525	kernel before rebooting.
1526
152720150217:
1528	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1529	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1530	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1531	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1532	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1533	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1534
153520150210:
1536	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1537	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1538	with the new kernel.
1539
154020150131:
1541	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1542	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1543	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1544
154520150118:
1546	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1547	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1548	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1549	are not already using 3.5.0.
1550
155120150107:
1552	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1553	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1554	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1555	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1556	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1557
155820150105:
1559	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1560	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1561	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1562	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1563
156420150102:
1565	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1566	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1567
156820141231:
1569	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1570
1571	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1572	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1573	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1574	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1575	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1576	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1577	later.
1578
1579	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1580	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1581	of the box.
1582
1583	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1584	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1585	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1586	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1587
1588	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1589	the instructions for 9.x above.
1590
1591	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1592	default, and do not build clang.
1593
1594	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1595	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1596	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1597
1598	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1599	the following are most likely to appear:
1600
1601	-Wabsolute-value
1602
1603	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1604	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1605	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1606	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1607	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1608	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1609	  cast, or disable the warning.
1610
1611	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1612	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1613	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1614	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1615	  side-effects.
1616
1617	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1618	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1619
1620	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1621	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1622	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1623	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1624
1625	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1626	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1627	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1628	unreachable could be optimized away.
1629
163020141222:
1631	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1632	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1633	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1634	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1635	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1636	the utilities will report errors.
1637
163820141121:
1639	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1640	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1641	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1642	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1643	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1644	LOCAL_DIRS.
1645
164620141109:
1647	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1648	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1649
165020141104:
1651	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1652	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1653	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1654	drivers.
1655
1656	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1657	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1658	indicate what you need to do.
1659
1660	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1661	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1662	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1663
1664	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1665	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1666	  kern.vty=sc
1667
166820141102:
1669	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1670	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1671	execute it.
1672
167320141009:
1674	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1675	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1676	devel/gperf port.
1677
167820140923:
1679	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1680	contrib/pjdfstest .
1681
168220140922:
1683	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1684	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1685	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1686	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1687	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1688	their next update cycle.
1689
169020140729:
1691	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1692	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1693	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1694	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1695	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1696
169720140723:
1698	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1699	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1700
170120140719:
1702	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1703	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1704	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1705	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1706	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1707	new configuration.
1708
170920140709:
1710	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1711	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1712	them again.
1713	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1714
171520140708:
1716	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1717	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1718	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1719	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1720	requires readline.
1721
172220140702:
1723	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1724	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1725	architecture.
1726
172720140701:
1728	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1729	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1730	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1731	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1732	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1733
173420140629:
1735	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1736	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1737	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1738
173920140619:
1740	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1741	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1742	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1743
174420140606:
1745	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1746	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1747	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1748	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1749	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1750	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1751	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1752	"make installworld".
1753
1754	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1755	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1756	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1757	is run.
1758
1759	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1760	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1761	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1762	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1763	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1764
176520140512:
1766	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1767
176820140508:
1769	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1770	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1771	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1772
177320140505:
1774	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1775	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1776	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1777	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1778	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1779	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1780	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1781	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1782	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1783	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1784	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1785	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1786
1787	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1788	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1789	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1790	as well.
1791
179220140430:
1793	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1794	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1795
179620140424:
1797	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1798	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1799	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1800	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1801	build hosts for older releases.
1802
1803	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1804	r276991, respectively.
1805
180620140418:
1807	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1808	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1809	will silently lack HESIOD.
1810
181120140405:
1812	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1813	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1814	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1815	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1816	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1817	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1818	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1819	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1820	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1821	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1822	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1823	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1824
182520140306:
1826	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1827	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1828	with command line option -W.
1829
183020140226:
1831	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1832	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1833	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1834	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1835	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1836
183720140216:
1838	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1839
184020140216:
1841	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1842	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1843
184420140212:
1845	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1846	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1847	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1848	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1849	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1850
185120140204:
1852	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1853	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1854	kernel is still highly recommended.
1855
185620140131:
1857	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1858	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1859	capability mode support in kernel.
1860
186120140128:
1862	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1863	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1864	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1865	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1866	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1867
186820140110:
1869	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1870	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1871	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1872	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1873	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1874	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1875
187620131213:
1877	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1878	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1879	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1880	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1881	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1882	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1883	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1884	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1885	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1886
188720131108:
1888	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1889	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1890	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1891	should change your settings to use the latter.
1892
189320131025:
1894	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1895	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1896	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1897	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1898	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1899
190020131014:
1901	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1902	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1903	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1904	delete-old-libs":
1905	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1906	  or
1907	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1908
190920131010:
1910	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1911	revision r256279.
1912
1913COMMON ITEMS:
1914
1915	General Notes
1916	-------------
1917	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1918	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1919	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1920	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1921	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1922	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1923	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1924
1925	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1926	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1927	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1928	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1929	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1930
1931	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1932	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1933	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1934	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1935	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1936	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1937	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1938	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1939	an exception.
1940
1941	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1942	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1943	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1944	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1945
1946	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1947	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1948	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1949	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1950	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1951	should write them with this in mind.
1952
1953	ZFS notes
1954	---------
1955	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1956	these two steps:
1957
1958	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1959	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1960
1961	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1962
1963	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1964	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1965	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1966
1967	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1968
1969	To build a kernel
1970	-----------------
1971	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1972	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1973	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1974
1975	make kernel-toolchain
1976	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1977	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1978
1979	To test a kernel once
1980	---------------------
1981	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1982	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1983	debugging information) run
1984	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1985	nextboot -k testkernel
1986
1987	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1988	-----------------------------------------------------------
1989	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1990	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1991
1992	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1993	make buildworld
1994	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1995	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1996							[1]
1997	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1998	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1999	make installworld
2000	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2001	make delete-old					[6]
2002	<reboot>
2003
2004	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2005	--------------------------------------------------
2006	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2007	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2008	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2009	# size.
2010
2011	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2012	<boot into -stable>
2013	make buildworld
2014	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2015	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2016	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2017	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2018	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2019	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2020	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2021	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2022	<reboot into current>
2023	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2024	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2025	<reboot>
2026
2027
2028	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2029	----------------------------------------------
2030	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2031	make buildworld					[9]
2032	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2033	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2034							[1]
2035	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2036	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2037	make installworld
2038	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2039	make delete-old					[6]
2040	<reboot>
2041
2042	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2043	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2044	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2045	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2046	the UPDATING entries.
2047
2048	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2049	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2050	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2051	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2052	much fewer pitfalls.
2053
2054	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2055	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2056	system on reboot.
2057
2058	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2059		fsck -p
2060		mount -u /
2061		mount -a
2062		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2063		cd src			# full path to source
2064		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2065	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2066	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2067
2068	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2069	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2070	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2071	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2072	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2073	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2074	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2075
2076	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2077	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2078	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2079	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2080	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2081	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2082
2083	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2084	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2085	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2086
2087	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2088	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2089	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2090	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2091	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2092	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2093	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2094	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2095
2096	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2097	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2098	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2099	for these as well.
2100
2101	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2102	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2103	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2104
2105	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2106	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2107	warn if it is improperly defined.
2108FORMAT:
2109
2110This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2111breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2112list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2113If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2114to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2115
2116Copyright information:
2117
2118Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
2119
2120Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2121modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2122document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2123
2124THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2125IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2126WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2127DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2128INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2129(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2130SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2131HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2132STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2133IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2134POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2135
2136Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2137this document.
2138
2139$FreeBSD$
2140