1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130716: 35 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 36 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 37 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 38 39 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 40 41 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 42 users are advised to upgrade. 43 4420130709: 45 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 46 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 47 4820130709: 49 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 50 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 51 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 52 5320130629: 54 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 55 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 56 57 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 58 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 59 overloading the machine. 60 6120130618: 62 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 63 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 64 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 65 write access to that file. 66 6720130615: 68 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 69 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 70 7120130613: 72 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 73 74 make: illegal option -- J 75 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 76 ... 77 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 78 79 this likely due to an old instance of make in 80 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 81 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 82 you see the above error: 83 84 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 85 86 should resolve it. 87 8820130516: 89 Use bmake by default. 90 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 91 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 92 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 93 94 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 95 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 96 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 97 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 98 behavior in parallel build. 99 10020130429: 101 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 102 10320130426: 104 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 105 the IDEA patent expired. 106 10720130426: 108 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 109 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 110 enabled by default. 111 11220130425: 113 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 114 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 115 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 116 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 117 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 118 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 119 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 120 && make install). 121 12220130404: 123 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 124 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 125 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 126 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 127 and removed. 128 12920130319: 130 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 131 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 132 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 133 binaries will not work on older kernels. 134 13520130308: 136 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 137 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 138 13920130304: 140 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 141 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 142 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 143 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 144 is requested. 145 146 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 147 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 148 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 149 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 150 in /boot/loader.conf. 151 15220130301: 153 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 154 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 155 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 156 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 157 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 158 15920130208: 160 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 161 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 162 163 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 164 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 165 16620130129: 167 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 168 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 169 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 170 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 171 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 172 17320130121: 174 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 175 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 176 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 177 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 178 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 179 /etc/src.conf. 180 18120130118: 182 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 183 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 184 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 185 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 186 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 187 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 188 use is expected to be extremely rare. 189 19020121223: 191 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 192 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 193 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 194 19520121222: 196 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 197 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 198 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 199 be updated. 200 20120121217: 202 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 203 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 204 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 205 206 savecore_flags="" 207 20820121201: 209 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 210 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 211 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 212 21320121117: 214 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 215 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 216 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 217 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 218 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 219 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 220 22120121105: 222 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 223 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 224 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 225 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 226 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 227 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 228 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 229 branch point). 230 23120121102: 232 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 233 functionality now turned on by default. 234 23520121023: 236 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 237 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 238 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 239 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 240 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 241 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 242 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 243 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 244 of the two kernel options. 245 24620121023: 247 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 248 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 249 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 250 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 251 25220121022: 253 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 254 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 255 recompiled. 256 25720121018: 258 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 259 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 260 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 261 26220121016: 263 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 264 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 265 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 266 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 267 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 268 26920121015: 270 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 271 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 272 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 273 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 274 27520121014: 276 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 277 27820121013: 279 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 280 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 281 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 282 knob has also gone. 283 28420121006: 285 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 286 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 287 with new kernel. 288 28920121001: 290 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 291 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 292 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 293 29420120913: 295 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 296 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 297 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 298 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 299 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 300 configurations. 301 30220120908: 303 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 304 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 305 30620120828: 307 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 308 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 309 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 310 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 311 manual page. 312 31320120727: 314 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 315 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 316 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 317 31820120712: 319 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 320 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 321 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 322 32320120712: 324 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 325 with other variables: 326 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 327 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 328 32920120628: 330 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 331 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 332 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 333 installed as "bsdsort". 334 33520120611: 336 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 337 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 338 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 339 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 340 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 341 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 342 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 343 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 344 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 345 34620120417: 347 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 348 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 349 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 350 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 351 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 352 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 353 NAMESPACE section). 354 35520120328: 356 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 357 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 358 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 359 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 360 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 361 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 362 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 363 36420120306: 365 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 366 platforms. 367 36820120229: 369 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 370 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 371 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 372 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 373 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 374 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 375 37620120211: 377 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 378 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 379 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 380 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 381 comes from 20111215. 382 38320120114: 384 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 385 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 386 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 387 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 388 389 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 390 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 391 39220120109: 393 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 394 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 395 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 396 tunable/sysctl. 397 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 398 39920111215: 400 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 401 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 402 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 403 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 404 not supported anymore. 405 406 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 407 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 408 need to be recompiled. 409 41020111122: 411 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 412 /dev/wmistat0. 413 41420111108: 415 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 416 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 417 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 418 time. 419 42020111101: 421 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 422 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 423 42420110930: 425 sysinstall has been removed 426 42720110923: 428 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 429 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 430 43120110913: 432 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 433 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 434 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 435 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 436 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 437 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 438 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 439 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 440 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 441 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 442 44320110828: 444 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 445 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 446 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 447 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 448 44920110815: 450 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 451 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 452 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 453 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 454 455 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 456 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 457 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 458 45920110628: 460 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 461 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 462 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 463 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 464 46520110608: 466 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 467 machdep.hlt_cpus 468 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 469 The following sysctl is retired: 470 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 471 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 472 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 473 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 474 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 475 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 476 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 477 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 478 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 479 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 480 a default scheduler. 481 48220110607: 483 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 484 a mask of CPUs. 485 48620110531: 487 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 488 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 489 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 490 world. 491 49220110513: 493 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 494 49520110503: 496 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 497 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 498 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 499 drivers need to be recompiled. 500 501 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 502 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 503 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 504 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 505 branches. 506 50720110430: 508 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 509 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 510 51120110427: 512 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 513 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 514 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 515 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 516 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 517 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 518 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 519 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 520 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 521 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 522 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 523 524 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 525 526 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 527 a diskless root fs use the old client. 528 52920110424: 530 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 531 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 532 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 533 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 534 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 535 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 536 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 537 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 538 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 539 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 540 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 541 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 542 543 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 544 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 545 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 546 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 547 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 548 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 549 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 550 them are parts of the cam module. 551 552 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 553 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 554 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 555 556 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 557 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 558 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 559 options ATA_CAM 560 device ahci 561 device mvs 562 device siis 563 , and instead add back: 564 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 565 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 566 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 567 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 568 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 569 57020110423: 571 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 572 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 573 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 574 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 575 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 576 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 577 57820110418: 579 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 580 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 581 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 582 58320110331: 584 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 585 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 586 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 587 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 588 in order to use ath on everything else. 589 590 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 591 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 592 59320110314: 594 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 595 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 596 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 597 59820110218: 599 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 600 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 601 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 602 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 603 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 604 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 605 60620110218: 607 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 608 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 609 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 610 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 611 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 612 authentication). 613 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 614 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 615 61620110207: 617 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 618 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 619 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 620 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 621 The function remains undocumented. 622 62320110112: 624 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 625 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 626 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 627 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 628 systems where the define is not present can check against 629 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 630 631 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 632 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 633 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 634 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 635 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 636 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 637 63820110103: 639 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 640 the following warning: 641 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 642 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 643 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 644 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 645 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 646 install it on your system. 647 648 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 649 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 650 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 651 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 652 65320101228: 654 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 655 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 656 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 657 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 658 be recompiled. 659 66020101114: 661 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 662 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 663 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 664 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 665 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 666 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 667 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 668 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 669 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 670 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 671 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 672 it, for example via: 673 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 674 675 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 676 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 677 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 678 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 679 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 680 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 681 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 682 683 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 684 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 685 68620101111: 687 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 688 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 689 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 690 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 691 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 692 69320101002: 694 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 695 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 696 migrate local entries to the new format. 697 69820100928: 699 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 700 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 701 upstream sshd. 702 70320100915: 704 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 705 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 706 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 707 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 708 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 709 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 710 71120100913: 712 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 713 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 714 715 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 716 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 717 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 718 default is "AUTO". 719 720 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 721 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 722 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 723 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 724 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 725 726 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 727 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 728 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 729 73020100913: 731 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 732 now i386 and amd64 only. 733 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 734 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 735 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 736 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 737 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 738 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 739 74020100725: 741 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 742 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 743 74420100722: 745 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 746 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 747 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 748 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 749 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 750 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 751 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 752 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 753 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 754 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 755 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 756 75720100713: 758 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 759 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 760 machine powerpc powerpc 761 762 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 763 after this change. 764 76520100713: 766 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 767 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 768 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 769 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 770 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 771 77220100429: 773 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 774 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 775 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 776 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 777 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 778 77920100402: 780 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 781 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 782 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 783 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 784 WITH_CTF=yes"). 785 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 786 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 787 to unwanted behavior. 788 78920100311: 790 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 791 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 792 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 793 be modified accordingly. 794 79520100113: 796 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 797 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 798 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 799 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 800 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 801 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 802 803 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 804 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 805 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 806 use of utmpx. 807 808 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 809 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 810 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 811 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 812 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 813 81420100108: 815 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 816 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 817 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 818 81920091202: 820 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 821 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 822 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 823 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 824 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 825 826 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 827 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 828 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 829 830 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 831 83220091125: 833 8.0-RELEASE. 834 83520091113: 836 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 837 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 838 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 839 operation of applications on the console. 840 841 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 842 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 843 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 844 cons25. 845 846 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 847 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 848 performed by syscons(4). 849 85020091109: 851 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 852 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 853 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 854 855 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 856 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 857 new structure. 858 85920091025: 860 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 861 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 862 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 863 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 864 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 865 iwn5150fw. 866 86720090926: 868 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 869 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 870 871 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 872 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 873 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 874 875 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 876 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 877 878 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 879 they are obsolete. 880 881 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 882 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 883 884 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 885 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 886 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 887 888 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 889 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 890 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 891 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 892 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 893 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 894 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 895 using ifconfig(8) like: 896 897 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 898 899 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 900 IPv6-preferred. 901 902 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 903 904 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 905 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 906 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 907 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 908 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 909 91020090922: 911 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 912 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 913 91420090912: 915 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 916 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 917 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 918 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 919 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 920 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 921 92220090910: 923 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 924 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 925 92620090825: 927 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 928 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 929 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 930 is 1000. 931 93220090813: 933 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 934 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 935 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 936 93720090803: 938 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 939 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 940 94120090719: 942 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 943 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 944 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 945 94620090714: 947 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 948 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 949 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 950 95120090713: 952 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 953 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 954 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 955 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 956 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 957 95820090712: 959 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 960 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 961 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 962 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 963 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 964 96520090630: 966 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 967 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 968 may need to be adjusted. 969 97020090629: 971 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 972 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 973 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 974 with routing sockets. 975 97620090628: 977 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 978 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 979 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 980 98120090624: 982 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 983 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 984 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 985 800100. 986 98720090622: 988 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 989 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 990 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 991 99220090619: 993 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 994 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 995 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 996 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 997 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 998 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 999 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1000 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1001 1002 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1003 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1004 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1005 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1006 authentication method is used. 1007 100820090616: 1009 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1010 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1011 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1012 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1013 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1014 101520090613: 1016 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1017 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1018 101920090611: 1020 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1021 be rebuilt. 1022 102320090608: 1024 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1025 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1026 102720090602: 1028 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1029 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1030 103120090601: 1032 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1033 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1034 re-compiled. 1035 103620090601: 1037 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1038 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1039 rebuilt. 1040 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1041 104220090530: 1043 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1044 more valid. 1045 104620090530: 1047 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1048 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1049 105020090529: 1051 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1052 rebuilt. 1053 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1054 105520090528: 1056 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1057 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1058 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1059 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1060 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1061 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1062 106320090527: 1064 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1065 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1066 106720090523: 1068 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1069 need to be rebuilt. 1070 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1071 107220090523: 1073 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1074 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1075 107620090520: 1077 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1078 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1079 108020090520: 1081 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1082 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1083 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1084 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1085 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1086 108720090430: 1088 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1089 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1090 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1091 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1092 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1093 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1094 109520090429: 1096 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1097 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1098 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1099 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1100 1101 For kernel developers: 1102 1103 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1104 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1105 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1106 1107 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1108 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1109 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1110 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1111 1112 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1113 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1114 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1115 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1116 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1117 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1118 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1119 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1120 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1121 multicast membership on-link. 1122 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1123 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1124 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1125 1126 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1127 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1128 stack. 1129 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1130 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1131 semantics. 1132 1133 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1134 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1135 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1136 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1137 1138 For application developers: 1139 1140 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1141 stack. 1142 1143 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1144 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1145 1146 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1147 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1148 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1149 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1150 1151 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1152 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1153 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1154 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1155 Multicast Source Filters'. 1156 1157 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1158 1159 For systems administrators: 1160 1161 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1162 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1163 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1164 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1165 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1166 1167 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1168 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1169 1170 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1171 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1172 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1173 recommended for optimal system performance. 1174 1175 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1176 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1177 back forwarded datagrams. 1178 1179 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1180 118120090422: 1182 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1183 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1184 118520090419: 1186 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1187 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1188 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1189 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1190 119120090415: 1192 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1193 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1194 state will require a world rebuild. 1195 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1196 119720090415: 1198 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1199 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1200 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1201 120220090414: 1203 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1204 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1205 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1206 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1207 load balancing. 1208 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1209 121020090408: 1211 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1212 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1213 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1214 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1215 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1216 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1217 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1218 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1219 122020090407: 1221 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1222 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1223 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1224 122520090320: 1226 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1227 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1228 introduces some changes: 1229 1230 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1231 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1232 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1233 1234 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1235 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1236 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1237 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1238 1239 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1240 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1241 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1242 the "386BSD" type). 1243 1244 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1245 124620090319: 1247 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1248 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1249 (supported by sane). 1250 125120090319: 1252 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1253 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1254 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1255 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1256 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1257 125820090315: 1259 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1260 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1261 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1262 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1263 used. 1264 126520090313: 1266 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1267 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1268 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1269 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1270 127120090313: 1272 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1273 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1274 127520090309: 1276 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1277 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1278 1279 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1280 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1281 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1282 1283 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1284 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1285 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1286 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1287 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1288 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1289 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1290 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1291 1292 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1293 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1294 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1295 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1296 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1297 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1298 1299 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1300 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1301 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1302 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1303 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1304 1305 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1306 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1307 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1308 via IGMP. 1309 1310 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1311 recompiled to reflect this. 1312 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1313 131420090309: 1315 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1316 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1317 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1318 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1319 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1320 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1321 132220090302: 1323 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1324 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1325 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1326 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1327 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1328 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1329 133020090301: 1331 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1332 network device driver modules. 1333 133420090227: 1335 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1336 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1337 133820090223: 1339 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1340 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1341 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1342 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1343 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1344 apply. 1345 134620090217: 1347 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1348 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1349 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1350 use the new name. 1351 135220090216: 1353 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1354 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1355 add 1356 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1357 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1358 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1359 136020090215: 1361 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1362 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1363 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1364 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1365 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1366 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1367 1368 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1369 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1370 be used for this: 1371 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1372 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1373 137420090209: 1375 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1376 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1377 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1378 137920090203: 1380 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1381 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1382 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1383 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1384 same interface. 1385 138620090201: 1387 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1388 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1389 139020090119: 1391 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1392 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1393 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1394 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1395 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1396 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1397 139820090115: 1399 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1400 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1401 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1402 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1403 140420081225: 1405 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1406 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1407 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1408 in next mpd5.3 release. 1409 141020081219: 1411 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1412 the base system (it was a port). 1413 141420081216: 1415 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1416 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1417 141820081214: 1419 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1420 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1421 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1422 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1423 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1424 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1425 none of the L2 information. 1426 142720081130: 1428 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1429 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1430 1431 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1432 1433 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1434 1435 device ath_hal 1436 1437 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1438 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1439 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1440 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1441 144220081121: 1443 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1444 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1445 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1446 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1447 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1448 packets. 1449 145020081117: 1451 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1452 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1453 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1454 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1455 145620081028: 1457 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1458 145920081009: 1460 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1461 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1462 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1463 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1464 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1465 1466 uhci_load="YES" 1467 ehci_load="YES" 1468 146920081009: 1470 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1471 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1472 sync. 1473 147420081009: 1475 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1476 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1477 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1478 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1479 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1480 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1481 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1482 148320080820: 1484 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1485 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1486 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1487 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1488 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1489 1490 PCI/ISA: 1491 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1492 1493 USB: 1494 ubser, ucycom 1495 1496 Line disciplines: 1497 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1498 1499 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1500 cause compilation to fail. 1501 150220080818: 1503 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1504 150520080801: 1506 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1507 1508 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1509 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1510 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1511 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1512 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1513 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1514 accepting the RSA key. 1515 1516 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1517 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1518 command line. 1519 1520 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1521 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1522 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1523 behavior. 1524 152520080713: 1526 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1527 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1528 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1529 1530 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1531 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1532 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1533 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1534 use the new device names. 1535 1536 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1537 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1538 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1539 at the loader prompt: 1540 1541 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1542 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1543 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1544 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1545 boot -s 1546 154720080609: 1548 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1549 disks instead. 1550 155120080603: 1552 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1553 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1554 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1555 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1556 155720080525: 1558 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1559 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1560 156120080509: 1562 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1563 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1564 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1565 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1566 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1567 156820080420: 1569 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1570 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1571 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1572 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1573 For example, change: 1574 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1575 to 1576 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1577 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1578 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1579 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1580 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1581 1582 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1583 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1584 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1585 158620080408: 1587 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1588 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1589 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1590 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1591 other operation levels. 1592 159320080312: 1594 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1595 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1596 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1597 compatibility with any prior release: 1598 1599 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1600 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1601 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1602 160320080301: 1604 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1605 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1606 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1607 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1608 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1609 nonetheless. 1610 161120080229: 1612 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1613 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1614 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1615 with older hardware easier to do. 1616 161720080220: 1618 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1619 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1620 162120080211: 1622 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1623 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1624 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1625 firewall rules. 1626 162720080208: 1628 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1629 mbuf chains. 1630 163120080126: 1632 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1633 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1634 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1635 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1636 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1637 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1638 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1639 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1640 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1641 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1642 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1643 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1644 164520080123: 1646 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1647 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1648 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1649 165020071128: 1651 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1652 functionality is the default now. 1653 165420071118: 1655 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1656 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1657 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1658 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1659 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1660 1661 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1662 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1663 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1664 166520071024: 1666 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1667 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1668 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1669 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1670 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1671 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1672 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1673 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1674 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1675 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1676 however. 1677 167820071020: 1679 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1680 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1681 used kproc_start().. 1682 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1683 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1684 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1685 168620071010: 1687 RELENG_7 branched. 1688 1689COMMON ITEMS: 1690 1691 General Notes 1692 ------------- 1693 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1694 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1695 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1696 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1697 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1698 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1699 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1700 1701 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1702 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1703 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1704 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1705 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1706 1707 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1708 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1709 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1710 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1711 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1712 1713 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1714 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1715 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1716 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1717 1718 ZFS notes 1719 --------- 1720 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1721 these two steps: 1722 1723 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1724 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1725 1726 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1727 1728 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1729 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1730 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1731 1732 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1733 1734 To build a kernel 1735 ----------------- 1736 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1737 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1738 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1739 1740 make kernel-toolchain 1741 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1742 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1743 1744 To test a kernel once 1745 --------------------- 1746 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1747 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1748 debugging information) run 1749 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1750 nextboot -k testkernel 1751 1752 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1753 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1754 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1755 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1756 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1757 1758 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1759 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1760 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1761 make depend 1762 make 1763 make install 1764 1765 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1766 1767 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1768 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1769 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1770 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1771 1772 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1773 make buildworld 1774 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1775 [1] 1776 <reboot in single user> [3] 1777 mergemaster -p [5] 1778 make installworld 1779 mergemaster -i [4] 1780 make delete-old [6] 1781 <reboot> 1782 1783 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1784 -------------------------------------------------- 1785 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1786 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1787 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1788 # size. 1789 1790 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1791 <boot into -stable> 1792 make buildworld 1793 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1794 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1795 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1796 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1797 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1798 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1799 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1800 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1801 <reboot into current> 1802 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1803 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1804 <reboot> 1805 1806 1807 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1808 ---------------------------------------------- 1809 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1810 make buildworld [9] 1811 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1812 [1] 1813 <reboot in single user> [3] 1814 mergemaster -p [5] 1815 make installworld 1816 mergemaster -i [4] 1817 make delete-old [6] 1818 <reboot> 1819 1820 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1821 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1822 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1823 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1824 the UPDATING entries. 1825 1826 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1827 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1828 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1829 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1830 much fewer pitfalls. 1831 1832 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1833 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1834 system on reboot. 1835 1836 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1837 fsck -p 1838 mount -u / 1839 mount -a 1840 cd src 1841 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1842 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1843 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1844 1845 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1846 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1847 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1848 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1849 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1850 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1851 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1852 1853 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1854 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1855 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1856 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1857 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1858 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1859 1860 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1861 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1862 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1863 1864 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1865 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1866 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1867 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1868 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1869 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1870 1871 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1872 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1873 1874 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1875 cvs prune empty directories. 1876 1877 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1878 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1879 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1880 1881 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1882 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1883 warn if it is improperly defined. 1884FORMAT: 1885 1886This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1887breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1888list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1889If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1890to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1891 1892Copyright information: 1893 1894Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1895 1896Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1897modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1898document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1899 1900THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1901IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1902WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1903DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1904INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1905(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1906SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1907HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1908STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1909IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1910POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1911 1912Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1913this document. 1914 1915$FreeBSD$ 1916