1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110608: 26 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 27 machdep.hlt_cpus 28 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 29 The following sysctl is retired: 30 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 31 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 32 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 33 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 34 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 35 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 36 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 37 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 38 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 39 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 40 a default scheduler. 41 4220110607: 43 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 44 a mask of CPUs. 45 4620110531: 47 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 48 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 49 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 50 world. 51 5220110513: 53 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 54 5520110503: 56 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 57 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 58 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 59 drivers need to be recompiled. 60 61 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 62 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 63 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 64 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 65 branches. 66 6720110430: 68 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 69 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 70 7120110427: 72 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 73 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 74 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 75 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 76 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 77 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 78 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 79 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 80 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 81 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 82 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 83 84 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 85 86 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 87 a diskless root fs use the old client. 88 8920110424: 90 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 91 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 92 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 93 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 94 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 95 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 96 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 97 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 98 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 99 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 100 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 101 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 102 103 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 104 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 105 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 106 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 107 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 108 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 109 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 110 them are parts of the cam module. 111 112 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 113 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 114 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 115 116 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 117 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 118 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 119 options ATA_CAM 120 device ahci 121 device mvs 122 device siis 123 , and instead add back: 124 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 125 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 126 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 127 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 128 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 129 13020110423: 131 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 132 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 133 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 134 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 135 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 136 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 137 13820110418: 139 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 140 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 141 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 142 14320110331: 144 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 145 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 146 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 147 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 148 in order to use ath on everything else. 149 150 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 151 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 152 15320110314: 154 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 155 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 156 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 157 15820110218: 159 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 160 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 161 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 162 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 163 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 164 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 165 16620110218: 167 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 168 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 169 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 170 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 171 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 172 authentication). 173 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 174 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 175 17620110207: 177 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 178 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 179 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 180 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 181 The function remains undocumented. 182 18320110112: 184 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 185 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 186 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 187 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 188 systems where the define is not present can check against 189 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 190 191 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 192 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 193 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 194 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 195 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 196 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 197 19820110103: 199 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 200 the following warning: 201 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 202 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 203 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 204 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 205 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 206 install it on your system. 207 208 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 209 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 210 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 211 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 212 21320101228: 214 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 215 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 216 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 217 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 218 be recompiled. 219 22020101114: 221 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 222 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 223 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 224 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 225 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 226 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 227 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 228 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 229 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 230 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 231 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 232 it, for example via: 233 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 234 235 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 236 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 237 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 238 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 239 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 240 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 241 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 242 243 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 244 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 245 24620101111: 247 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 248 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 249 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 250 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 251 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 252 25320101002: 254 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 255 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 256 migrate local entries to the new format. 257 25820100928: 259 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 260 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 261 upstream sshd. 262 26320100915: 264 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 265 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 266 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 267 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 268 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 269 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 270 27120100913: 272 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 273 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 274 275 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 276 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 277 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 278 default is "AUTO". 279 280 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 281 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 282 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 283 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 284 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 285 286 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 287 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 288 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 289 29020100913: 291 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 292 now i386 and amd64 only. 293 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 294 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 295 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 296 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 297 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 298 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 299 30020100725: 301 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 302 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 303 30420100722: 305 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 306 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 307 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 308 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 309 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 310 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 311 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 312 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 313 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 314 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 315 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 316 31720100713: 318 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 319 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 320 machine powerpc powerpc 321 322 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 323 after this change. 324 32520100713: 326 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 327 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 328 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 329 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 330 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 331 33220100429: 333 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 334 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 335 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 336 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 337 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 338 33920100402: 340 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 341 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 342 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 343 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 344 WITH_CTF=yes"). 345 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 346 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 347 to unwanted behavior. 348 34920100311: 350 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 351 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 352 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 353 be modified accordingly. 354 35520100113: 356 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 357 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 358 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 359 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 360 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 361 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 362 363 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 364 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 365 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 366 use of utmpx. 367 368 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 369 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 370 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 371 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 372 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 373 37420100108: 375 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 376 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 377 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 378 37920091202: 380 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 381 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 382 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 383 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 384 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 385 386 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 387 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 388 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 389 390 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 391 39220091125: 393 8.0-RELEASE. 394 39520091113: 396 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 397 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 398 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 399 operation of applications on the console. 400 401 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 402 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 403 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 404 cons25. 405 406 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 407 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 408 performed by syscons(4). 409 41020091109: 411 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 412 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 413 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 414 415 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 416 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 417 new structure. 418 41920091025: 420 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 421 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 422 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 423 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 424 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 425 iwn5150fw. 426 42720090926: 428 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 429 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 430 431 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 432 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 433 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 434 435 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 436 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 437 438 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 439 they are obsolete. 440 441 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 442 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 443 444 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 445 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 446 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 447 448 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 449 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 450 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 451 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 452 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 453 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 454 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 455 using ifconfig(8) like: 456 457 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 458 459 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 460 IPv6-preferred. 461 462 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 463 464 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 465 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 466 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 467 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 468 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 469 47020090922: 471 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 472 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 473 47420090912: 475 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 476 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 477 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 478 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 479 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 480 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 481 48220090910: 483 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 484 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 485 48620090825: 487 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 488 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 489 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 490 is 1000. 491 49220090813: 493 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 494 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 495 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 496 49720090803: 498 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 499 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 500 50120090719: 502 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 503 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 504 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 505 50620090714: 507 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 508 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 509 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 510 51120090713: 512 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 513 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 514 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 515 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 516 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 517 51820090712: 519 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 520 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 521 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 522 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 523 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 524 52520090630: 526 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 527 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 528 may need to be adjusted. 529 53020090629: 531 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 532 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 533 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 534 with routing sockets. 535 53620090628: 537 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 538 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 539 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 540 54120090624: 542 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 543 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 544 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 545 800100. 546 54720090622: 548 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 549 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 550 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 551 55220090619: 553 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 554 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 555 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 556 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 557 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 558 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 559 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 560 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 561 562 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 563 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 564 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 565 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 566 authentication method is used. 567 56820090616: 569 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 570 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 571 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 572 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 573 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 574 57520090613: 576 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 577 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 578 57920090611: 580 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 581 be rebuilt. 582 58320090608: 584 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 585 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 586 58720090602: 588 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 589 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 590 59120090601: 592 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 593 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 594 re-compiled. 595 59620090601: 597 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 598 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 599 rebuilt. 600 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 601 60220090530: 603 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 604 more valid. 605 60620090530: 607 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 608 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 609 61020090529: 611 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 612 rebuilt. 613 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 614 61520090528: 616 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 617 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 618 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 619 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 620 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 621 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 622 62320090527: 624 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 625 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 626 62720090523: 628 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 629 need to be rebuilt. 630 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 631 63220090523: 633 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 634 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 635 63620090520: 637 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 638 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 639 64020090520: 641 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 642 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 643 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 644 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 645 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 646 64720090430: 648 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 649 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 650 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 651 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 652 correctly checking networking state from userland. 653 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 654 65520090429: 656 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 657 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 658 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 659 follows the IPv4 implementation. 660 661 For kernel developers: 662 663 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 664 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 665 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 666 667 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 668 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 669 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 670 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 671 672 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 673 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 674 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 675 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 676 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 677 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 678 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 679 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 680 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 681 multicast membership on-link. 682 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 683 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 684 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 685 686 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 687 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 688 stack. 689 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 690 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 691 semantics. 692 693 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 694 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 695 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 696 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 697 698 For application developers: 699 700 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 701 stack. 702 703 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 704 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 705 706 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 707 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 708 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 709 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 710 711 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 712 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 713 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 714 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 715 Multicast Source Filters'. 716 717 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 718 719 For systems administrators: 720 721 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 722 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 723 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 724 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 725 returned by getifaddrs(3). 726 727 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 728 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 729 730 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 731 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 732 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 733 recommended for optimal system performance. 734 735 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 736 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 737 back forwarded datagrams. 738 739 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 740 74120090422: 742 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 743 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 744 74520090419: 746 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 747 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 748 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 749 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 750 75120090415: 752 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 753 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 754 state will require a world rebuild. 755 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 756 75720090415: 758 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 759 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 760 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 761 76220090414: 763 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 764 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 765 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 766 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 767 load balancing. 768 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 769 77020090408: 771 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 772 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 773 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 774 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 775 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 776 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 777 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 778 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 779 78020090407: 781 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 782 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 783 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 784 78520090320: 786 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 787 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 788 introduces some changes: 789 790 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 791 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 792 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 793 794 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 795 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 796 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 797 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 798 799 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 800 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 801 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 802 the "386BSD" type). 803 804 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 805 80620090319: 807 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 808 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 809 (supported by sane). 810 81120090319: 812 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 813 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 814 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 815 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 816 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 817 81820090315: 819 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 820 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 821 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 822 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 823 used. 824 82520090313: 826 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 827 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 828 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 829 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 830 83120090313: 832 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 833 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 834 83520090309: 836 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 837 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 838 839 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 840 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 841 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 842 843 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 844 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 845 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 846 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 847 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 848 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 849 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 850 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 851 852 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 853 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 854 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 855 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 856 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 857 to preserve the existing behaviour. 858 859 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 860 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 861 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 862 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 863 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 864 865 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 866 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 867 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 868 via IGMP. 869 870 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 871 recompiled to reflect this. 872 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 873 87420090309: 875 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 876 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 877 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 878 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 879 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 880 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 881 88220090302: 883 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 884 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 885 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 886 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 887 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 888 raised to allow such segments to be created. 889 89020090301: 891 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 892 network device driver modules. 893 89420090227: 895 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 896 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 897 89820090223: 899 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 900 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 901 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 902 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 903 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 904 apply. 905 90620090217: 907 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 908 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 909 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 910 use the new name. 911 91220090216: 913 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 914 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 915 add 916 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 917 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 918 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 919 92020090215: 921 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 922 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 923 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 924 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 925 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 926 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 927 928 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 929 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 930 be used for this: 931 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 932 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 933 93420090209: 935 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 936 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 937 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 938 93920090203: 940 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 941 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 942 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 943 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 944 same interface. 945 94620090201: 947 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 948 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 949 95020090119: 951 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 952 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 953 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 954 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 955 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 956 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 957 95820090115: 959 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 960 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 961 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 962 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 963 96420081225: 965 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 966 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 967 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 968 in next mpd5.3 release. 969 97020081219: 971 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 972 the base system (it was a port). 973 97420081216: 975 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 976 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 977 97820081214: 979 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 980 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 981 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 982 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 983 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 984 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 985 none of the L2 information. 986 98720081130: 988 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 989 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 990 991 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 992 993 to their kernel config files when specifying: 994 995 device ath_hal 996 997 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 998 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 999 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1000 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1001 100220081121: 1003 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1004 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1005 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1006 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1007 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1008 packets. 1009 101020081117: 1011 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1012 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1013 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1014 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1015 101620081028: 1017 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1018 101920081009: 1020 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1021 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1022 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1023 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1024 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1025 1026 uhci_load="YES" 1027 ehci_load="YES" 1028 102920081009: 1030 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1031 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1032 sync. 1033 103420081009: 1035 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1036 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1037 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1038 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1039 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1040 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1041 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1042 104320080820: 1044 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1045 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1046 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1047 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1048 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1049 1050 PCI/ISA: 1051 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1052 1053 USB: 1054 ubser, ucycom 1055 1056 Line disciplines: 1057 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1058 1059 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1060 cause compilation to fail. 1061 106220080818: 1063 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1064 106520080801: 1066 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1067 1068 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1069 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1070 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1071 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1072 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1073 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1074 accepting the RSA key. 1075 1076 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1077 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1078 command line. 1079 1080 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1081 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1082 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1083 behavior. 1084 108520080713: 1086 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1087 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1088 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1089 1090 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1091 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1092 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1093 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1094 use the new device names. 1095 1096 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1097 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1098 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1099 at the loader prompt: 1100 1101 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1102 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1103 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1104 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1105 boot -s 1106 110720080609: 1108 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1109 disks instead. 1110 111120080603: 1112 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1113 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1114 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1115 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1116 111720080525: 1118 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1119 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1120 112120080509: 1122 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1123 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1124 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1125 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1126 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1127 112820080420: 1129 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1130 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1131 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1132 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1133 For example, change: 1134 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1135 to 1136 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1137 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1138 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1139 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1140 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1141 1142 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1143 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1144 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1145 114620080408: 1147 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1148 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1149 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1150 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1151 other operation levels. 1152 115320080312: 1154 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1155 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1156 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1157 compatibility with any prior release: 1158 1159 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1160 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1161 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1162 116320080301: 1164 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1165 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1166 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1167 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1168 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1169 nonetheless. 1170 117120080229: 1172 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1173 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1174 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1175 with older hardware easier to do. 1176 117720080220: 1178 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1179 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1180 118120080211: 1182 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1183 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1184 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1185 firewall rules. 1186 118720080208: 1188 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1189 mbuf chains. 1190 119120080126: 1192 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1193 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1194 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1195 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1196 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1197 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1198 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1199 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1200 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1201 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1202 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1203 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1204 120520080123: 1206 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1207 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1208 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1209 121020071128: 1211 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1212 functionality is the default now. 1213 121420071118: 1215 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1216 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1217 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1218 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1219 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1220 1221 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1222 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1223 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1224 122520071024: 1226 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1227 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1228 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1229 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1230 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1231 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1232 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1233 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1234 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1235 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1236 however. 1237 123820071020: 1239 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1240 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1241 used kproc_start().. 1242 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1243 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1244 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1245 124620071010: 1247 RELENG_7 branched. 1248 1249COMMON ITEMS: 1250 1251 General Notes 1252 ------------- 1253 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1254 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1255 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1256 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1257 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1258 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1259 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1260 1261 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1262 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1263 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1264 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1265 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1266 1267 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1268 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1269 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1270 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1271 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1272 1273 ZFS notes 1274 --------- 1275 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1276 these two steps: 1277 1278 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1279 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1280 1281 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1282 1283 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1284 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1285 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1286 1287 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1288 1289 To build a kernel 1290 ----------------- 1291 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1292 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1293 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1294 1295 make kernel-toolchain 1296 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1297 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1298 1299 To test a kernel once 1300 --------------------- 1301 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1302 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1303 debugging information) run 1304 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1305 nextboot -k testkernel 1306 1307 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1308 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1309 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1310 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1311 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1312 1313 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1314 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1315 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1316 make depend 1317 make 1318 make install 1319 1320 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1321 1322 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1323 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1324 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1325 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1326 1327 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1328 make buildworld 1329 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1330 [1] 1331 <reboot in single user> [3] 1332 mergemaster -p [5] 1333 make installworld 1334 mergemaster -i [4] 1335 make delete-old [6] 1336 <reboot> 1337 1338 1339 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1340 -------------------------------------------------- 1341 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1342 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1343 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1344 # size. 1345 1346 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1347 <boot into -stable> 1348 make buildworld 1349 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1350 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1351 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1352 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1353 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1354 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1355 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1356 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1357 <reboot into current> 1358 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1359 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1360 <reboot> 1361 1362 1363 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1364 ---------------------------------------------- 1365 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1366 make buildworld [9] 1367 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1368 [1] 1369 <reboot in single user> [3] 1370 mergemaster -p [5] 1371 make installworld 1372 mergemaster -i [4] 1373 make delete-old [6] 1374 <reboot> 1375 1376 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1377 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1378 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1379 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1380 the UPDATING entries. 1381 1382 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1383 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1384 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1385 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1386 much fewer pitfalls. 1387 1388 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1389 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1390 system on reboot. 1391 1392 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1393 fsck -p 1394 mount -u / 1395 mount -a 1396 cd src 1397 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1398 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1399 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1400 1401 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1402 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1403 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1404 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1405 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1406 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1407 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1408 1409 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1410 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1411 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1412 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1413 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1414 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1415 1416 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1417 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1418 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1419 1420 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1421 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1422 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1423 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1424 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1425 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1426 1427 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1428 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1429 1430 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1431 cvs prune empty directories. 1432 1433 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1434 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1435 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1436 1437 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1438 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1439 warn if it is improperly defined. 1440FORMAT: 1441 1442This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1443breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1444and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1445previous releases if your system is older than this. 1446 1447Copyright information: 1448 1449Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1450 1451Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1452modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1453document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1454 1455THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1456IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1457WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1458DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1459INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1460(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1461SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1462HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1463STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1464IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1465POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1466 1467Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1468this document. 1469 1470$FreeBSD$ 1471