xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 40427cca7a9ae77b095936fb1954417c290cfb17)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/updating-src.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
34
35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
36
37	Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in
38	the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade
39	either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including
40	10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and
41	11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so
42	you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the
43	stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade.
44	stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs
45	from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on
46	the last couple of stable branches, so be careful.
47
48	If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang
49	compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system
50	will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder.
51
52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
53
5420170912:
55	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
56	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
57	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
58	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
59	/etc/ctl.conf .
60
6120170912:
62	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
63	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
64	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
65	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
66	soft-float everything else should be affected.
67
6820170826:
69	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
70	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
71
7220170825:
73	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
74	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
75	to complete.
76
7720170814:
78	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
79	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
80	${TESTSDIR}.
81
82	Behavioral changes:
83	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
84	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
85	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
86	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
87
88	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
89	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
90	sandbox if successful.
91
92	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
93	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
94	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
95	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
96	an unprivileged user.
97
9820170808:
99	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
100	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
101	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
102	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
103	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
104	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
105	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
106	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
107	forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
108	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
109	to which you should answer yes.
110
11120170728:
112	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
113	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
114	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
115	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
116	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
117
11820170722:
119	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
120	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
121	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
122
12320170701:
124	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
125	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
126
12720170625:
128	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
129	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
130	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
131	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
132	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
133	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
134	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
135
13620170623:
137	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
138	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
139	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
140	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
141	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
142	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
143
14420170620:
145	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
146	if you require the GPL compiler.
147
14820170618:
149	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
150	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
151	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
152
15320170617:
154	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
155	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
156	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
157	followed.
158
15920170531:
160	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
161	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
162	from ports (and recommends to install it).
163	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
164	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
165	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
166
16720170524:
168	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
169	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
170	which only require one chipset support.
171
172	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
173
174	if_ath_load="YES"
175
176	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
177	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
178	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
179
180	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
181	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
182
183	* load ath_hal
184	* load the chip modules in question
185	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
186	* load ath_main
187	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
188	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
189
190	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
191
19220170523:
193	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
194	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
195	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
196
197	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
198	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
199	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
200
201	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
202	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
203	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
204	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
205	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
206	installing world.
207
20820170424:
209	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
210	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
211	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
212
21320170420:
214	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
215	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
216	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
217
21820170413:
219	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
220	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
221	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
222	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
223	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
224	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
225	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
226
22720170407:
228	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
229	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
230	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
231	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
232
23320170405:
234	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
235	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
236	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
237
23820170331:
239	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
240	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
241	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
242
24320170329:
244	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
245	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
246
247	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
248	via one of the following methods:
249	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
250	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
251	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
252	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
253
254	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
255
25620170316:
257	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
258	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
259	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
260	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
261	with mmc.ko).
262
26320170315:
264	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
265	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
266	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
267	be prefixed with colon.
268
26920170311:
270	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
271	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
272	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
273
27420170302:
275	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
276	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
277	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
278
27920170221:
280	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
281	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
282	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
283	change.
284
28520170216:
286	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
287	valid.
288
28920170215:
290	MCA bus support has been removed.
291
29220170127:
293	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
294	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
295
29620170112:
297	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
298	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
299
30020170109:
301	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
302	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
303	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
304
30520161217:
306	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
307	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
308	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
309
31020161124:
311	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
312	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
313	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
314
31520161119:
316	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
317	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
318	that link against it need to be recompiled.
319
32020161030:
321	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
322	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
323	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
324	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
325
32620161017:
327	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
328	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
329	parts.
330	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
331	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
332
33320161015:
334	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
335	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
336	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
337	removed from base.
338
33920161008:
340	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
341	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
342	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
343
34420161003:
345	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
346	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
347
34820160924:
349	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
350	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
351	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
352	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
353
35420160918:
355	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
356	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
357	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
358	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
359	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
360
36120160918:
362	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
363
36420160908:
365	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
366	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
367	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
368	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
369
37020160824:
371	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
372	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
373	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
374	to 1200005.
375
37620160818:
377	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
378	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
379	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
380	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
381	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
382	0.
383
38420160818:
385	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
386	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
387
38820160622:
389	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
390	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
391	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
392	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
393	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
394	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
395	kernel.
396
39720160527:
398	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
399	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
400	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
401	previously contained a line like
402	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
403	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
404	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
405	generally be fine.
406
40720160523:
408	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
409	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
410	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
411	built with the old headers.
412
41320160520:
414	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
415	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
416	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
417	installing a new libc.
418
41920160517:
420	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
421	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
422	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
423	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
424	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
425	packages will be needed.
426
427	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
428	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
429	and the install steps.
430
43120160510:
432	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
433	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
434	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
435	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
436	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
437	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
438
43920160414:
440	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
441	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
442	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
443	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
444	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
445
446		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
447		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
448		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
449		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
450		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
451
452	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
453	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
454	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
455	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
456	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
457	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
458	vendors work.
459
460	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
461	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
462		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
463	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
464	quirks entry to 0x3.
465
46620160330:
467	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
468	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
469	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
470
47120160317:
472	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
473	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
474
47520160311:
476	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
477	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
478	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
479	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
480	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
481	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
482	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
483	stale .depend files.
484
48520160306:
486	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
487	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
488	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
489	rebooting, e.g.:
490
491	make buildworld
492	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
493	make -C sys/boot install
494	<reboot in single user>
495
496	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
497	below.
498
49920160305:
500	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
501	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
502	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
503
50420160301:
505	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
506	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
507	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
508	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
509	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
510	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
511
51220160226:
513	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
514	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
515	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
516	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
517	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
518
51920160129:
520	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
521	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
522	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
523	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
524	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
525
52620160119:
527	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
528	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
529
53020160113:
531	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
532	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
533	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
534
53520151216:
536	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
537	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
538	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
539	other loaders.
540
54120151211:
542	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
543	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
544	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
545	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
546	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
547	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
548
54920151207:
550	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
551	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
552	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
553	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
554	in src.conf(5).
555
55620151130:
557	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
558	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
559	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
560
56120151108:
562	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
563	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
564	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
565
566	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
567	collation results will be different.
568
569	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
570	locales before running make installworld.
571
572	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
573
57420151030:
575	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
576	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
577
57820151020:
579	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
580	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
581	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
582
58320151017:
584	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
585	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
586	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
587	and 'make -N' will not.
588
58920151012:
590	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
591	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
592	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
593	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
594	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
595	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
596	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
597	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
598
59920151011:
600	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
601	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
602	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
603	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
604
60520151006:
606	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
607	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
608	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
609
61020150924:
611	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
612	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
613	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
614	userland debug files.
615
616	When using the supported kernel installation method the
617	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
618	as is done with /boot/kernel.
619
620	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
621	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
622
62320150827:
624	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
625	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
626	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
627	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
628	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
629	rc.d scripts in /etc.
630
63120150827:
632	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
633	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
634	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
635
63620150817:
637	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
638	them, the kernel must have
639
640	device	random
641	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
642
643	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
644	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
645	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
646	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
647
648	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
649	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
650
65120150813:
652	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
653	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
654	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
655
65620150810:
657	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
658	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
659	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
660	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
661
662	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
663	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
664	difference with this change.
665
666	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
667	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
668	remove that workaround.
669
67020150809:
671	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
672	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
673	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
674	with:
675
676	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
677
67820150806:
679	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
680	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
681	loader.rc.local instead.
682
68320150805:
684	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
685	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
686	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
687
68820150728:
689	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
690	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
691	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
692
693	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
694	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
695
69620150706:
697	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
698	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
699	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
700	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
701	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
702	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
703	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
704	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
705	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
706	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
707	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
708	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
709
71020150630:
711	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
712	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
713
714	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
715	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
716	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
717
718	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
719	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
720
721	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
722	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
723	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
724
725	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
726	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
727	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
728	and it is assumed you know what you need.
729
730	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
731	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
732	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
733	behaviour from your security subsystems.
734
735	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
736	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
737	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
738	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
739	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
740	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
741	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
742	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
743	will never happen.
744
74520150623:
746	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
747	entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
748
74920150616:
750	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
751	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
752
75320150615:
754	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
755	below has been been committed in revision 284436.  The work
756	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
757	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
758	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
759
76020150614:
761	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
762	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
763	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
764	with Kyuafile and kyua.
765
76620150614:
767	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
768	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
769	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
770	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
771	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
772	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
773	2048 bit DH parameter by:
774
775	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
776	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
777	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
778	   replace it with '2'.
779	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
780	   a file path, create a new file with:
781		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
782	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
783		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
784	5. Restart sendmail:
785		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
786
787	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
788	updated.
789
79020150604:
791	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
792	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
793	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
794	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
795	5.x.
796
797	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
798
79920150525:
800	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
801	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
802	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
803
80420150521:
805	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
806	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
807	and Pandaboard:
808
809	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
810	  same but content is different now
811	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
812	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
813	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
814	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
815	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
816
81720150501:
818	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
819	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
820	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
821
82220150423:
823	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
824	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
825
82620150415:
827	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
828	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
829
83020150416:
831	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
832	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
833	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
834
83520150324:
836	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
837	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
838	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
839	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
840
84120150315:
842	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
843	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
844	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
845
84620150307:
847	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
848	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
849	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
850	kernel before rebooting.
851
85220150217:
853	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
854	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
855	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
856	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
857	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
858	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
859
86020150210:
861	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
862	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
863	with the new kernel.
864
86520150131:
866	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
867	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
868	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
869
87020150118:
871	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
872	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
873	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
874	are not already using 3.5.0.
875
87620150107:
877	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
878	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
879	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
880	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
881	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
882
88320150105:
884	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
885	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
886	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
887	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
888
88920150102:
890	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
891	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
892
89320141231:
894	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
895
896	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
897	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
898	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
899	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
900	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
901	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
902	later.
903
904	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
905	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
906	of the box.
907
908	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
909	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
910	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
911	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
912
913	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
914	the instructions for 9.x above.
915
916	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
917	default, and do not build clang.
918
919	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
920	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
921	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
922
923	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
924	the following are most likely to appear:
925
926	-Wabsolute-value
927
928	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
929	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
930	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
931	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
932	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
933	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
934	  cast, or disable the warning.
935
936	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
937	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
938	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
939	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
940	  side-effects.
941
942	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
943	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
944
945	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
946	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
947	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
948	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
949
950	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
951	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
952	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
953	unreachable could be optimized away.
954
95520141222:
956	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
957	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
958	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
959	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
960	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
961	the utilities will report errors.
962
96320141121:
964	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
965	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
966	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
967	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
968	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
969	LOCAL_DIRS.
970
97120141109:
972	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
973	has been obsolete for a very long time.
974
97520141104:
976	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
977	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
978	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
979	drivers.
980
981	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
982	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
983	indicate what you need to do.
984
985	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
986	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
987	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
988
989	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
990	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
991	  kern.vty=sc
992
99320141102:
994	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
995	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
996	execute it.
997
99820141009:
999	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1000	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1001	devel/gperf port.
1002
100320140923:
1004	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1005	contrib/pjdfstest .
1006
100720140922:
1008	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1009	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1010	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1011	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1012	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1013	their next update cycle.
1014
101520140729:
1016	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1017	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1018	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1019	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1020	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1021
102220140723:
1023	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1024	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1025
102620140719:
1027	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1028	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1029	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1030	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1031	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1032	new configuration.
1033
103420140709:
1035	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1036	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1037	them again.
1038	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1039
104020140708:
1041	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1042	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1043	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1044	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1045	requires readline.
1046
104720140702:
1048	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1049	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1050	architecture.
1051
105220140701:
1053	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1054	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1055	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1056	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1057	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1058
105920140629:
1060	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1061	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1062	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1063
106420140619:
1065	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1066	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1067	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1068
106920140606:
1070	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1071	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1072	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1073	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1074	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1075	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1076	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1077	"make installworld".
1078
1079	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1080	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1081	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1082	is run.
1083
1084	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1085	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1086	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1087	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1088	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1089
109020140512:
1091	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1092
109320140508:
1094	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1095	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1096	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1097
109820140505:
1099	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1100	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1101	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1102	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1103	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1104	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1105	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1106	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1107	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1108	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1109	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1110	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1111
1112	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1113	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1114	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1115	as well.
1116
111720140430:
1118	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1119	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1120
112120140424:
1122	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1123	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1124	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1125	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1126	build hosts for older releases.
1127
1128	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1129	r276991, respectively.
1130
113120140418:
1132	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1133	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1134	will silently lack HESIOD.
1135
113620140405:
1137	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1138	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1139	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1140	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1141	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1142	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1143	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1144	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1145	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1146	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1147	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1148	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1149
115020140306:
1151	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1152	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1153	with command line option -W.
1154
115520140226:
1156	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1157	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1158	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1159	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1160	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1161
116220140216:
1163	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1164
116520140216:
1166	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1167	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1168
116920140212:
1170	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1171	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1172	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1173	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1174	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1175
117620140204:
1177	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1178	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1179	kernel is still highly recommended.
1180
118120140131:
1182	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1183	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1184	capability mode support in kernel.
1185
118620140128:
1187	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1188	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1189	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1190	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1191	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1192
119320140110:
1194	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1195	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1196	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1197	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1198	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1199	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1200
120120131213:
1202	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1203	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1204	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1205	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1206	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1207	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1208	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1209	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1210	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1211
121220131108:
1213	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1214	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1215	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1216	should change your settings to use the latter.
1217
121820131025:
1219	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1220	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1221	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1222	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1223	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1224
122520131014:
1226	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1227	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1228	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1229	delete-old-libs":
1230	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1231	  or
1232	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1233
123420131010:
1235	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1236	revision r256279.
1237
123820131010:
1239	The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1240	configuration file.  The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1241	for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1242	/var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1243	This is transparently backward compatible.  See below about some
1244	incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1245
1246	These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1247	file.  One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1248	a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1249	running the jail(8) utility.   The default pathname of the
1250	configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1251	using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1252
1253	Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1254	this moment.  Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1255	with an integer.
1256
125720130930:
1258	BIND has been removed from the base system.  If all you need
1259	is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1260	service instead.  Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1261	available in the ports tree.   The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1262
1263	With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1264	system.  Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1265	in the base system.  Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1266	be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1267
126820130916:
1269	With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1270	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1271	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1272
127320130911:
1274	OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1275	silently trust signed SSHFP records.  This can be controlled with
1276	the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting.  DNSSEC support
1277	can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1278
127920130906:
1280	The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1281	are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1282	compiler.  You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1283	options in src.conf.
1284
128520130905:
1286	The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1287	configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1288	If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1289	'options PROCDESC'.
1290
129120130905:
1292	The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1293	in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1294	have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1295	following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1296	advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1297	kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1298
129920130903:
1300	AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc.  The AES-NI module
1301	has been updated to use this support.  A new gcc is required to build
1302	the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1303
130420130821:
1305	The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1306	Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1307	used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1308
130920130813:
1310	WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets.  WITH_ICONV now
1311	enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1312	WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1313	compatibility.  Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1314	If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1315	need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1316
131720130806:
1318	INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1319	Illumos origin, including ZFS.  If you have INVARIANTS in your
1320	kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1321	explicitly.
1322	DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1323	locks if WITNESS option was set.  Because that generated a lot of
1324	witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1325	positives, this is no longer done.  New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1326	can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1327
132820130806:
1329	Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1330	of time_second.  Although this is not a user-visible functional
1331	change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1332	rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1333	to r253970 or later.
1334
133520130802:
1336	find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1337	instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1338	not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1339	would result:
1340
1341	find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1342
1343	Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1344	without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1345	directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1346	old as well as the new version of find.
1347
134820130726:
1349	Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1350	Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1351	path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1352	slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1353	subdirectories must be reviewed.
1354
135520130716:
1356	The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1357	incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1358	need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1359
1360	To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1361
1362	NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1363	users are advised to upgrade.
1364
136520130709:
1366	pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1367	you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1368
136920130709:
1370	Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1371	keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1372	statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1373
137420130618:
1375	Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1376	to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1377	even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1378	write access to that file.
1379
138020130615:
1381	CVS has been removed from the base system.  An exact copy
1382	of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1383
138420130613:
1385	Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1386
1387		make: illegal option -- J
1388		usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1389			...
1390		*** [buildworld] Error code 2
1391
1392	this likely due to an old instance of make in
1393	${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1394	which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1395	you see the above error:
1396
1397		rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1398
1399	should resolve it.
1400
140120130516:
1402	Use bmake by default.
1403	Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1404	-DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1405	make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1406
1407	It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1408	line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1409	command line.  Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1410	than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1411	behavior in parallel build.
1412
141320130429:
1414	Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1415
141620130426:
1417	The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1418	the IDEA patent expired.
1419
142020130426:
1421	The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1422	from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1423	enabled by default.
1424
142520130425:
1426	The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1427	rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1428	order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1429	install and mtree.  When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1430	the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1431	install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1432	This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1433	&& make install).
1434
143520130404:
1436	Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1437	FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources.  Kernel modules
1438	atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1439	removed.  Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1440	and removed.
1441
144220130319:
1443	SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1444	and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1445	automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1446	binaries will not work on older kernels.
1447
144820130308:
1449	CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1450	information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1451
145220130304:
1453	Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1454	so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1455	in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1456	by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1457	is requested.
1458
1459	The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1460	but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1461	option) to save memory.  To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1462	option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1463	in /boot/loader.conf.
1464
146520130301:
1466	The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1467	This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1468	initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1469	a CAM target device was created.  This makes a FreeBSD system
1470	unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1471
147220130208:
1473	A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD.  Please
1474	refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1475
1476	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1477	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1478
147920130129:
1480	A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1481	as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1482	To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1483	while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1484	and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1485
148620130121:
1487	Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1488	and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1489	make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1490	command line.  If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1491	you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1492	/etc/src.conf.
1493
149420130118:
1495	The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1496	argument that is a file or path to append logs to.  In the
1497	unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1498	and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1499	directory the first file will have logs appended to it.  The -M
1500	option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1501	use is expected to be extremely rare.
1502
150320121223:
1504	After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1505	on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1506	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1507
150820121222:
1509	GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1510	Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1511	'%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1512	be updated.
1513
151420121217:
1515	By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved.  To
1516	restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1517	stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1518
1519		savecore_flags=""
1520
152120121201:
1522	With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1523	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1524	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1525
152620121117:
1527	The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1528	filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1529	sysctl or routing socket.  This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1530	id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1531	This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1532	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1533
153420121105:
1535	On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1536	This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1537	and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1538	and /usr/bin/cpp.  To disable this behavior and revert to building
1539	with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1540	of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1541	build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1542	branch point).
1543
154420121102:
1545	The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1546	functionality now turned on by default.
1547
154820121023:
1549	The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1550	split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1551	NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1552	mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1553	NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1554	driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1555	Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1556	consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1557	of the two kernel options.
1558
155920121023:
1560	The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1561	order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1562	with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1563	pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1564
156520121022:
1566	Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1567	VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1568	recompiled.
1569
157020121018:
1571	All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1572	the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1573	portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1574
157520121016:
1576	The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1577	modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1578	ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1579	vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1580	faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1581
158220121015:
1583	The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1584	Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1585	No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1586	load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1587
158820121014:
1589	Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1590
159120121013:
1592	The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1593	sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1594	problems have been reported.  The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1595	knob has also gone.
1596
159720121006:
1598	The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1599	filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1600	with new kernel.
1601
160220121001:
1603	The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1604	PS-POLL and power-save support.  All wireless drivers need to be
1605	recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1606
160720120913:
1608	The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1609	generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1610	Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1611	needed.  The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1612	device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1613	configurations.
1614
161520120908:
1616	The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1617	snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1618
161920120828:
1620	A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1621	to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1622	imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1623	this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1624	manual page.
1625
162620120727:
1627	The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1628	detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1629	to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1630
163120120712:
1632	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c.  Any binaries requiring
1633	libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled.  Also, there are
1634	configuration changes.  Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1635
163620120712:
1637	The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1638	with other variables:
1639	  kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered   -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1640	  kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1641
164220120628:
1643	The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort.  For now, GNU sort
1644	is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1645	GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT.  In this case, BSD sort will be
1646	installed as "bsdsort".
1647
164820120611:
1649	A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1650	Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1651	is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1652	compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1653	pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1654	is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1655	read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1656	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1657	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1658
165920120417:
1660	The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1661	as contrib/jemalloc.  The most disruptive API change is to
1662	/etc/malloc.conf.  If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1663	delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1664	new format after rebooting.  See malloc.conf(5) for details
1665	(specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1666	NAMESPACE section).
1667
166820120328:
1669	Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb".  mips64eb
1670	is now spelled mips64.  mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32.  mipseb is
1671	now spelled mips.  This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1672	software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3).  Little-endian
1673	settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1674	from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1675	your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1676
167720120306:
1678	Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1679	platforms.
1680
168120120229:
1682	Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on	nullfs(5). Previously
1683	nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1684	as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1685	only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1686	only to	the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1687	lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1688
168920120211:
1690	The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1691	If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1692	recompile libc again with your kernel.  You still need to recompile
1693	world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1694	comes from 20111215.
1695
169620120114:
1697	The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr.  All
1698	base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1699	port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1700	hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1701
1702	An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1703	rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1704
170520120109:
1706	panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1707	on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1708	This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1709	tunable/sysctl.
1710	The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1711
171220111215:
1713	The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1714	of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1715	of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1716	for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1717	not supported anymore.
1718
1719	Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1720	utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1721	need to be recompiled.
1722
172320111122:
1724	The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1725	/dev/wmistat0.
1726
172720111108:
1728	The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1729	explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1730	It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1731	time.
1732
173320111101:
1734	The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1735	i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1736
173720110930:
1738	sysinstall has been removed
1739
174020110923:
1741	The stable/9 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
1742	RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1743
1744COMMON ITEMS:
1745
1746	General Notes
1747	-------------
1748	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1749	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1750	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1751	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1752	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1753	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1754	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1755
1756	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1757	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1758	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1759	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1760	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1761
1762	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1763	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1764	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1765	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1766	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1767	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgade from
1768	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1769	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1770	an exception.
1771
1772	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1773	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1774	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1775	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1776
1777	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1778	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1779	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1780	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1781	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1782	should write them with this in mind.
1783
1784	ZFS notes
1785	---------
1786	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1787	these two steps:
1788
1789	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1790	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1791
1792	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1793
1794	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1795	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1796	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1797
1798	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1799
1800	To build a kernel
1801	-----------------
1802	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1803	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1804	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1805
1806	make kernel-toolchain
1807	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1808	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1809
1810	To test a kernel once
1811	---------------------
1812	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1813	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1814	debugging information) run
1815	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1816	nextboot -k testkernel
1817
1818	To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1819	--------------------------------------------------------------
1820	This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system.  Replace
1821	${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1822	"arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1823
1824	cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1825	config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1826	cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1827	make depend
1828	make
1829	make install
1830
1831	If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1832
1833	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1834	-----------------------------------------------------------
1835	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1836	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1837
1838	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1839	make buildworld
1840	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1841							[1]
1842	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1843	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1844	make installworld
1845	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1846	make delete-old					[6]
1847	<reboot>
1848
1849	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1850	--------------------------------------------------
1851	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1852	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1853	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1854	# size.
1855
1856	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1857	<boot into -stable>
1858	make buildworld
1859	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1860	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1861	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1862	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1863	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1864	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1865	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1866	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1867	<reboot into current>
1868	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1869	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1870	<reboot>
1871
1872
1873	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1874	----------------------------------------------
1875	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1876	make buildworld					[9]
1877	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
1878							[1]
1879	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1880	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1881	make installworld
1882	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1883	make delete-old					[6]
1884	<reboot>
1885
1886	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1887	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1888	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1889	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1890	the UPDATING entries.
1891
1892	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1893	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1894	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1895	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1896	much fewer pitfalls.
1897
1898	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1899	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1900	system on reboot.
1901
1902	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1903		fsck -p
1904		mount -u /
1905		mount -a
1906		cd src
1907		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1908	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1909	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1910
1911	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1912	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1913	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1914	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1915	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1916	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1917	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1918
1919	[5] Usually this step is a noop.  However, from time to time
1920	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1921	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1922	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1923	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1924	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1925
1926	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1927	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1928	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1929
1930	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1931	do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1932	your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1933	hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1934	required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.  And so on
1935	for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1936
1937	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1938	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1939
1940	[9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1941	cvs prune empty directories.
1942
1943	If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1944	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1945	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1946
1947	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1948	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1949	warn if it is improperly defined.
1950FORMAT:
1951
1952This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1953breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1954list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1955If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1956to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1957
1958Copyright information:
1959
1960Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
1961
1962Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1963modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1964document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1965
1966THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1967IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1968WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1969DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1970INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1971(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1972SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1973HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1974STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1975IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1976POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1977
1978Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1979this document.
1980
1981$FreeBSD$
1982