1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes). 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420050223: 25 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 26 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 27 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 28 2920050206: 30 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 31 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile(8) script 32 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 33 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. The acpi 34 throttling support has been merged into acpi_perf(4). 35 3620050206: 37 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 38 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 39 4020050114: 41 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 42 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 43 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 44 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 45 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 46 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 47 4820041221: 49 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 50 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 51 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 52 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 53 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 54 5520041219: 56 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 57 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 58 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 59 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 60 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 61 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 62 and wlan_xauth as required. 63 6420041213: 65 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 66 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 67 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 68 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 69 reflect the change. 70 7120041201: 72 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 73 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 74 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 75 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 76 the module when a wep key is configured). 77 7820041201: 79 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 80 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 81 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 82 8320041116: 84 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 85 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 86 8720041110: 88 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 89 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 90 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 91 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 92 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 93 their /etc/rc scripts. 94 9520041104: 96 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 97 9820041102: 99 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 100 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 101 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 102 10320041022: 104 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 105 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 106 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 107 10820041016: 109 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 110 in the RELENG_5 branch. 111 112COMMON ITEMS: 113 114 # NOTE: 5.x below applies to 6.0-current as well, for the 115 # moment. 4.any -> 5.any upgrade support will remain in 116 # place for 6.0 current, but after 5.3 RELEASE, the 4.any -> 117 # 6.0-current upgrade path will require moving through 5.3 118 # RELEASE or newer. 119 120 General Notes 121 ------------- 122 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 123 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 124 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 125 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 126 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 127 on the -current branch). 128 129 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 130 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 131 environment when searching for values for global variables. 132 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 133 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 134 page for more details. 135 136 To build a kernel 137 ----------------- 138 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 139 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 140 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 141 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 142 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 143 144 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 145 -------------------------------------------------------------- 146 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 147 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 148 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 149 150 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 151 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 152 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 153 make depend 154 make 155 make install 156 157 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 158 159 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 160 ----------------------------------------------------------- 161 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 162 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 163 164 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 165 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 166 make buildworld 167 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 168 [1] 169 <reboot in single user> [3] 170 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 171 mergemaster -p [5] 172 make installworld 173 mergemaster [4] 174 <reboot> 175 176 177 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 178 -------------------------------------------------- 179 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 180 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 181 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 182 # size. 183 184 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 185 <boot into -stable> 186 make buildworld 187 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 188 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 189 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 190 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 191 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 192 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 193 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 194 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 195 <reboot into current> 196 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 197 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 198 <reboot> 199 200 201 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current 202 ---------------------------------------------- 203 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 204 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.x onto a 4.x 205 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 206 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 207 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on 208 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 209 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 210 # space on /. 211 212 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 213 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 214 make buildworld [9] 215 cp sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 216 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 217 cd sys/boot ; make STRIP="" install [6] 218 [1] 219 <reboot in single user> [3] 220 src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom [10] 221 mergemaster -p [5] 222 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 223 make installworld 224 mergemaster -i [4] 225 <reboot> 226 227 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 228 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 229 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 230 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 231 the UPDATING entries. 232 233 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 234 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 235 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 236 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 237 much fewer pitfalls. 238 239 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 240 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 241 system on reboot. 242 243 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 244 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 245 configuration. 246 247 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 248 fsck -p 249 mount -u / 250 mount -a 251 cd src 252 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 253 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 254 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 255 For the 4.x -> 5.x upgrade, you will also see many messages about 256 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 257 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 258 259 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 260 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 261 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 262 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 263 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 264 for potential gotchas. 265 266 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 267 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 268 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 269 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 270 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 271 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 272 273 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 274 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 275 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 276 ok unload 277 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 278 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 279 described here. 280 281 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 282 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form /dev/ad0a 283 without the actual slice name. These will break with 5.x and newer. 284 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 285 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. i386 and pc98 are affected, while alpha 286 is not. 287 288 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 289 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 290 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 291 that is hard to boot to recover. 292 293 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 294 last time you updated your kernel config file. 295 296 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 297 cvs prune empty directories. 298 299 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 300 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 301 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 302 303 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 304 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 305 warn if it is improperly defined. 306 307 In case you would like to avoid installing new packages of everything, 308 you might want to uncomment the "COMPAT4X= YES" entry, so that 4.x 309 compatibility libraries are built which should allow you to continue 310 using your existing software for a while. Alternatively, you can 311 install the misc/compat4x port. 312 313 [10] In order to create temporary files, /dev/random must be 314 initialized by feeding data into it. src/etc/rc.d/preseedrandom 315 takes care of this. 316FORMAT: 317 318This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 319breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 320and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 321previous releases if your system is older than this. 322 323Copyright information: 324 325Copyright 1998-2004 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 326 327Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 328modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 329document are permitted without further permission from the author. 330 331THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 332IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 333WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 334DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 335INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 336(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 337SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 338HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 339STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 340IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 341POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 342 343If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 344author a beer. 345 346Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 347this document. 348 349$FreeBSD$ 350