1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420150616: 35 /etc/make.conf now included earlier. 36 sys.mk now includes /etc/make.conf and {local,src}.sys.mk earlier 37 than previously. 38 This makes it simple to interpose external toolchains etc. 39 However it may cause problems for users who have things like:: 40 41 INSTALL+= something 42 43 in /etc/make.conf, since INSTALL is not yet defined. 44 A safe fix for that is to have:: 45 46 INSTALL?= install 47 INSTALL+= something 48 49 which is equivalent to previous behavior. 50 5120150616: 52 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 53 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 54 5520150615: 56 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 57 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work 58 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 59 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 60 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 61 6220150614: 63 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 64 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 65 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 66 with Kyuafile and kyua. 67 6820150614: 69 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 70 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 71 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 72 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 73 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 74 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 75 2048 bit DH parameter by: 76 77 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 78 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 79 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 80 replace it with '2'. 81 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 82 a file path, create a new file with: 83 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 84 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 85 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 86 5. Restart sendmail: 87 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 88 89 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 90 updated. 91 9220150604: 93 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 94 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 95 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 96 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 97 5.x. 98 99 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 100 10120150525: 102 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 103 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 104 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 105 10620150521: 107 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 108 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 109 and Pandaboard: 110 111 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 112 same but content is different now 113 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 114 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 115 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 116 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 117 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 118 11920150501: 120 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 121 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 122 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 123 12420150423: 125 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 126 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 127 12820150415: 129 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 130 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 131 13220150416: 133 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 134 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 135 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 136 13720150324: 138 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 139 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 140 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 141 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 142 14320150315: 144 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 145 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 146 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 147 14820150307: 149 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 150 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 151 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 152 kernel before rebooting. 153 15420150217: 155 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 156 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 157 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 158 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 159 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 160 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 161 16220150210: 163 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 164 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 165 with the new kernel. 166 16720150131: 168 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 169 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 170 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 171 17220150118: 173 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 174 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 175 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 176 are not already using 3.5.0. 177 17820150107: 179 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 180 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 181 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 182 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 183 binutils tools, if necessary. 184 18520150105: 186 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 187 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 188 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 189 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 190 19120150102: 192 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 193 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 194 19520141231: 196 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 197 198 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 199 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 200 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 201 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 202 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 203 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 204 later. 205 206 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 207 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 208 of the box. 209 210 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 211 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 212 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 213 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 214 215 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 216 the instructions for 9.x above. 217 218 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 219 default, and do not build clang. 220 221 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 222 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 223 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 224 225 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 226 the following are most likely to appear: 227 228 -Wabsolute-value 229 230 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 231 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 232 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 233 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 234 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 235 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 236 cast, or disable the warning. 237 238 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 239 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 240 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 241 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 242 side-effects. 243 244 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 245 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 246 247 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 248 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 249 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 250 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 251 252 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 253 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 254 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 255 unreachable could be optimized away. 256 25720141222: 258 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 259 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 260 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 261 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 262 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 263 the utilities will report errors. 264 26520141121: 266 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 267 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 268 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 269 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 270 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 271 LOCAL_DIRS. 272 27320141109: 274 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 275 has been obsolete for a very long time. 276 27720141104: 278 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 279 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 280 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 281 drivers. 282 283 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 284 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 285 indicate what you need to do. 286 287 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 288 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 289 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 290 291 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 292 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 293 kern.vty=sc 294 29520141102: 296 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 297 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 298 execute it. 299 30020141009: 301 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 302 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 303 devel/gperf port. 304 30520140923: 306 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 307 contrib/pjdfstest . 308 30920140922: 310 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 311 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 312 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 313 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 314 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 315 their next update cycle. 316 31720140729: 318 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 319 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 320 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 321 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 322 1.12.4_8 or newer. 323 32420140723: 325 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 326 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 327 32820140719: 329 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 330 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 331 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 332 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 333 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 334 new configuration. 335 33620140709: 337 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 338 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 339 them again. 340 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 341 34220140708: 343 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 344 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 345 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 346 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 347 requires readline. 348 34920140702: 350 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 351 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 352 architecture. 353 35420140701: 355 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 356 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 357 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 358 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 359 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 360 36120140629: 362 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 363 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 364 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 365 36620140619: 367 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 368 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 369 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 370 37120140606: 372 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 373 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 374 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 375 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 376 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 377 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 378 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 379 "make installworld". 380 381 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 382 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 383 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 384 is run. 385 386 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 387 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 388 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 389 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 390 be removed during a clean upgrade. 391 39220140512: 393 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 394 39520140508: 396 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 397 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 398 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 399 40020140505: 401 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 402 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 403 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 404 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 405 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 406 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 407 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 408 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 409 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 410 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 411 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 412 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 413 414 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 415 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 416 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 417 as well. 418 41920140430: 420 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 421 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 422 42320140424: 424 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 425 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 426 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 427 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 428 build hosts for older releases. 429 430 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 431 r276991, respectively. 432 43320140418: 434 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 435 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 436 will silently lack HESIOD. 437 43820140405: 439 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 440 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 441 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 442 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 443 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 444 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 445 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 446 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 447 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 448 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 449 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 450 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 451 45220140306: 453 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 454 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 455 with command line option -W. 456 45720140226: 458 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 459 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 460 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 461 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 462 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 463 46420140216: 465 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 466 46720140216: 468 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 469 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 470 47120140212: 472 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 473 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 474 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 475 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 476 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 477 47820140204: 479 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 480 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 481 kernel is still highly recommended. 482 48320140131: 484 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 485 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 486 capability mode support in kernel. 487 48820140128: 489 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 490 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 491 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 492 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 493 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 494 49520140110: 496 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 497 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 498 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 499 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 500 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 501 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 502 50320131213: 504 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 505 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 506 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 507 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 508 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 509 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 510 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 511 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 512 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 513 51420131108: 515 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 516 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 517 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 518 should change your settings to use the latter. 519 52020131025: 521 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 522 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 523 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 524 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 525 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 526 52720131014: 528 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 529 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 530 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 531 delete-old-libs": 532 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 533 or 534 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 535 53620131010: 537 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 538 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 539 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 540 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 541 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 542 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 543 544 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 545 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 546 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 547 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 548 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 549 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 550 551 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 552 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 553 with an integer. 554 55520130930: 556 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 557 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 558 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 559 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 560 561 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 562 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 563 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 564 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 565 56620130916: 567 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 568 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 569 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 570 57120130911: 572 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 573 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 574 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 575 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 576 57720130906: 578 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 579 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 580 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 581 options in src.conf. 582 58320130905: 584 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 585 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 586 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 587 'options PROCDESC'. 588 58920130905: 590 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 591 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 592 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 593 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 594 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 595 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 596 59720130903: 598 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 599 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 600 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 601 60220130821: 603 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 604 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 605 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 606 60720130813: 608 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 609 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 610 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 611 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 612 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 613 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 614 61520130806: 616 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 617 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 618 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 619 explicitly. 620 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 621 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 622 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 623 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 624 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 625 62620130806: 627 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 628 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 629 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 630 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 631 to r253970 or later. 632 63320130802: 634 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 635 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 636 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 637 would result: 638 639 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 640 641 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 642 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 643 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 644 old as well as the new version of find. 645 64620130726: 647 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 648 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 649 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 650 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 651 subdirectories must be reviewed. 652 65320130716: 654 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 655 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 656 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 657 658 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 659 660 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 661 users are advised to upgrade. 662 66320130709: 664 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 665 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 666 66720130709: 668 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 669 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 670 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 671 67220130629: 673 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 674 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 675 676 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 677 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 678 overloading the machine. 679 68020130618: 681 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 682 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 683 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 684 write access to that file. 685 68620130615: 687 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 688 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 689 69020130613: 691 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 692 693 make: illegal option -- J 694 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 695 ... 696 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 697 698 this likely due to an old instance of make in 699 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 700 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 701 you see the above error: 702 703 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 704 705 should resolve it. 706 70720130516: 708 Use bmake by default. 709 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 710 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 711 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 712 713 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 714 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 715 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 716 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 717 behavior in parallel build. 718 71920130429: 720 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 721 72220130426: 723 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 724 the IDEA patent expired. 725 72620130426: 727 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 728 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 729 enabled by default. 730 73120130425: 732 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 733 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 734 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 735 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 736 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 737 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 738 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 739 && make install). 740 74120130404: 742 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 743 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 744 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 745 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 746 and removed. 747 74820130319: 749 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 750 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 751 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 752 binaries will not work on older kernels. 753 75420130308: 755 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 756 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 757 75820130304: 759 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 760 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 761 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 762 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 763 is requested. 764 765 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 766 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 767 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 768 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 769 in /boot/loader.conf. 770 77120130301: 772 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 773 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 774 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 775 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 776 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 777 77820130208: 779 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 780 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 781 782 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 783 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 784 78520130129: 786 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 787 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 788 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 789 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 790 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 791 79220130121: 793 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 794 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 795 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 796 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 797 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 798 /etc/src.conf. 799 80020130118: 801 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 802 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 803 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 804 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 805 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 806 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 807 use is expected to be extremely rare. 808 80920121223: 810 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 811 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 812 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 813 81420121222: 815 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 816 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 817 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 818 be updated. 819 82020121217: 821 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 822 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 823 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 824 825 savecore_flags="" 826 82720121201: 828 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 829 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 830 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 831 83220121117: 833 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 834 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 835 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 836 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 837 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 838 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 839 84020121105: 841 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 842 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 843 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 844 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 845 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 846 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 847 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 848 branch point). 849 85020121102: 851 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 852 functionality now turned on by default. 853 85420121023: 855 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 856 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 857 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 858 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 859 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 860 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 861 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 862 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 863 of the two kernel options. 864 86520121023: 866 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 867 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 868 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 869 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 870 87120121022: 872 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 873 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 874 recompiled. 875 87620121018: 877 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 878 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 879 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 880 88120121016: 882 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 883 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 884 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 885 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 886 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 887 88820121015: 889 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 890 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 891 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 892 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 893 89420121014: 895 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 896 89720121013: 898 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 899 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 900 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 901 knob has also gone. 902 90320121006: 904 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 905 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 906 with new kernel. 907 90820121001: 909 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 910 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 911 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 912 91320120913: 914 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 915 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 916 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 917 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 918 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 919 configurations. 920 92120120908: 922 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 923 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 924 92520120828: 926 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 927 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 928 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 929 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 930 manual page. 931 93220120727: 933 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 934 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 935 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 936 93720120712: 938 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 939 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 940 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 941 94220120712: 943 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 944 with other variables: 945 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 946 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 947 94820120628: 949 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 950 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 951 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 952 installed as "bsdsort". 953 95420120611: 955 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 956 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 957 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 958 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 959 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 960 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 961 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 962 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 963 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 964 96520120417: 966 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 967 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 968 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 969 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 970 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 971 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 972 NAMESPACE section). 973 97420120328: 975 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 976 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 977 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 978 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 979 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 980 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 981 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 982 98320120306: 984 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 985 platforms. 986 98720120229: 988 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 989 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 990 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 991 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 992 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 993 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 994 99520120211: 996 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 997 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 998 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 999 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 1000 comes from 20111215. 1001 100220120114: 1003 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 1004 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 1005 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 1006 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 1007 1008 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 1009 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 1010 101120120109: 1012 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 1013 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 1014 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 1015 tunable/sysctl. 1016 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 1017 101820111215: 1019 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 1020 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 1021 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 1022 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 1023 not supported anymore. 1024 1025 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 1026 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 1027 need to be recompiled. 1028 102920111122: 1030 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 1031 /dev/wmistat0. 1032 103320111108: 1034 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 1035 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 1036 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 1037 time. 1038 103920111101: 1040 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 1041 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 1042 104320110930: 1044 sysinstall has been removed 1045 104620110923: 1047 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1048 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 1049 1050COMMON ITEMS: 1051 1052 General Notes 1053 ------------- 1054 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1055 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1056 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1057 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1058 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1059 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1060 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1061 1062 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1063 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1064 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1065 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1066 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1067 1068 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1069 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1070 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1071 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1072 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1073 1074 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1075 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1076 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1077 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1078 1079 ZFS notes 1080 --------- 1081 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1082 these two steps: 1083 1084 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1085 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1086 1087 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1088 1089 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1090 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1091 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1092 1093 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1094 1095 To build a kernel 1096 ----------------- 1097 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1098 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1099 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1100 1101 make kernel-toolchain 1102 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1103 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1104 1105 To test a kernel once 1106 --------------------- 1107 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1108 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1109 debugging information) run 1110 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1111 nextboot -k testkernel 1112 1113 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1114 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1115 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1116 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1117 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1118 1119 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1120 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1121 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1122 make depend 1123 make 1124 make install 1125 1126 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1127 1128 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1129 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1130 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1131 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1132 1133 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1134 make buildworld 1135 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1136 [1] 1137 <reboot in single user> [3] 1138 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1139 make installworld 1140 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1141 make delete-old [6] 1142 <reboot> 1143 1144 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1145 -------------------------------------------------- 1146 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1147 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1148 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1149 # size. 1150 1151 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1152 <boot into -stable> 1153 make buildworld 1154 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1155 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1156 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1157 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1158 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1159 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1160 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1161 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1162 <reboot into current> 1163 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1164 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1165 <reboot> 1166 1167 1168 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1169 ---------------------------------------------- 1170 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1171 make buildworld [9] 1172 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1173 [1] 1174 <reboot in single user> [3] 1175 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1176 make installworld 1177 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1178 make delete-old [6] 1179 <reboot> 1180 1181 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1182 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1183 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1184 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1185 the UPDATING entries. 1186 1187 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1188 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1189 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1190 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1191 much fewer pitfalls. 1192 1193 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1194 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1195 system on reboot. 1196 1197 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1198 fsck -p 1199 mount -u / 1200 mount -a 1201 cd src 1202 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1203 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1204 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1205 1206 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1207 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1208 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1209 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1210 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1211 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1212 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1213 1214 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1215 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1216 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1217 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1218 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1219 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1220 1221 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1222 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1223 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1224 1225 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1226 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1227 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1228 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1229 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1230 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1231 1232 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1233 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1234 1235 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1236 cvs prune empty directories. 1237 1238 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1239 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1240 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1241 1242 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1243 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1244 warn if it is improperly defined. 1245FORMAT: 1246 1247This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1248breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1249list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1250If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1251to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1252 1253Copyright information: 1254 1255Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1256 1257Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1258modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1259document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1260 1261THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1262IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1263WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1264DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1265INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1266(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1267SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1268HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1269STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1270IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1271POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1272 1273Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1274this document. 1275 1276$FreeBSD$ 1277