xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 23c30549affbe0343c01fd78998248956a246252)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
19	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
20	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
21	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
25	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
28
2920191212:
30	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
31	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
32	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
33
3420191205:
35	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
36	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
37	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
38	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
39	differences between those included in the port and those included in
40	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
41	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
42	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
43
4420191120:
45	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
46	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
47	for automounting.
48
4920191107:
50	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
51	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
52	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
53	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
54	add superio to the set.
55
5620191021:
57	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
58	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
59
6020191021:
61	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
62	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
63	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
64	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
65	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
66	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
67	completely in the future.
68
6920191009:
70	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
71	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
72	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
73	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
74	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
75	will be removed from the list.
76
7720191009:
78	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
79	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
80	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
81	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
82
8320191003:
84	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
85	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
86	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
87	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
88
8920190913:
90	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
91	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
92	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
93	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
94
9520190823:
96	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
97	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
98	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
99
10020190727:
101	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
102	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
103	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
104	your scripts, because they had no effect.
105
106	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
107	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
108	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
109	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
110	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
111
11220190713:
113	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
114	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
115	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
116	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
117	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
118	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
119	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
120
12120190620:
122	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
123	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
124	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
125	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
126
12720190612:
128	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
129	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
130	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
131	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
132
13320190608:
134	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
135	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
136	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
137
13820190513:
139	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
140	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
141	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
142	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
143	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
144	avoid running into the limit.
145
14620190507:
147	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
148	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
149
15020190507:
151	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
152	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
153	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
154	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
155	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
156	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
157
15820190418:
159	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
160	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
161	entropy:
162
163	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
164	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
165	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
166	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
167	availability properties.
168
169	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
170	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
171	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
172	initial condition, if desired.
173
174	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
175	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
176
177	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
178	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
179	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
180	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
181
18220190416:
183	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
184	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
185	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
186	therefore unblocked).
187
18820190404:
189	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
190	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
191	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
192	is added to the command line.
193	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
194	not affected and should continue to work.
195
19620190320:
197	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
198	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
199	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
200	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
201
20220190304:
203	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
204	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
205	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
206	or higher.
207
20820190226:
209	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
210	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
211	kernel config.
212
21320190219:
214	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
215	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
216	migrating to the drm ports.
217
21820190131:
219	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
220	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
221	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
222	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
223	is loaded automatically.
224
22520190125:
226	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
227	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
228	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
229	kernel config files.
230
23120181230:
232	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
233	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
234	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
235	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
236
23720181220:
238	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
239	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
240	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
241	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
242	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
243	most NFSv4 mounts.
244
24520181219:
246	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
247	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
248	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
249
250	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
251	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
252
253	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
254	removed from the mips port.
255
25620181211:
257	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
258	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
259	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
260	or higher.
261
26220181211:
263	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
264	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
265
26620181126:
267	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
268	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
269	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
270	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
271
27220181123:
273	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
274	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
275	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
276
27720181115:
278	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
279	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
280	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
281	FreeBSD versions.
282
28320181110:
284	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
285	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
286	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
287
288	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
289	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
290	being included using the command:
291		$ newsyslog -Nrv
292
29320181015:
294	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
295	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
296	drm-legacy-kmod.
297
298	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
299	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
300	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
301	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
302	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
303	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
304	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
305	that as you will get better support.
306
307	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
308	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
309	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
310	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
311
312	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
313	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
314	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
315	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
316	shortly.
317
31820181012:
319	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
320	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
321	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
322	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
323	be adjusted as necessary.
324
32520181009:
326	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
327	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
328	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
329	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
330
33120181006:
332	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
333	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
334	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
335	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
336	encouraged.
337
33820181002:
339	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
340	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
341	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
342	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
343	nda device name.
344
34520180913:
346	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
347	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
348	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
349	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
350	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
351	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
352
35320180826:
354	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
355	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
356	default since FreeBSD-11.
357
35820180822:
359	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
360	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
361	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
362
36320180818:
364	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
365	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
366	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
367	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
368	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
369	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
370	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
371
372	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
373	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
374
37520180815:
376	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
377	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
378	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
379	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
380	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
381	may not be observed in a future release.
382
38320180808:
384	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
385	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
386	your environment.
387
38820180731:
389	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
390	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
391	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
392	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
393
39420180730:
395	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
396	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
397	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
398	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
399	runtime services.
400
40120180727:
402	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
403	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
404	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
405
40620180723:
407	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
408	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
409	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
410	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
411	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
412
41320180720:
414	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
415	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
416	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
417	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
418	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
419	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
420
42120180719:
422	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
423	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
424	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
425	boot_serial=YES
426	boot_multicons=YES
427	in /boot/loader.conf
428	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
429	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
430	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
431
43220180719:
433	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
434	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
435	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
436	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
437	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
438	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
439	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
440	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
441	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
442	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
443	by the ntpd user.
444
44520180717:
446	Big endian arm support has been removed.
447
44820180711:
449	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
450	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
451	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
452	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
453	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
454
45520180705:
456	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
457	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
458	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
459	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
460	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
461	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
462
46320180702:
464	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
465	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
466
46720180701:
468	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
469	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
470	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
471	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
472	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
473	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
474	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
475
47620180630:
477	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
478	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
479	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
480	or higher.
481
48220180628:
483	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
484	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
485	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
486	file.
487
48820180612:
489	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
490	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
491
49220180530:
493	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
494	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
495	longer necessary.
496
49720180530:
498	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
499	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
500	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
501	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
502
50320180523:
504	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
505	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
506	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
507	later than r334108.
508
50920180517:
510	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
511	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
512	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
513	it must be removed.
514
51520180510:
516	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
517	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
518	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
519	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
520	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
521	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
522	will go away.
523
524	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
525	workaround is necessary.
526
52720180508:
528	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
529	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
530	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
531	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
532
53320180504:
534	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
535	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
536	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
537	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
538	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
539
54020180502:
541	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
542	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
543	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
544	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
545
54620180501:
547	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
548	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
549	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
550	be removed.
551
55220180413:
553	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
554	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
555	removed.
556
55720180411:
558	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
559	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
560	removed.
561
56220180406:
563	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
564	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
565	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
566	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
567	microseconds and time zone offsets.
568
569	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
570	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
571	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
572	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
573	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
574	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
575	adjustments, depending on the software used.
576
577	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
578	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
579
580		source src {
581			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
582		}
583
584	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
585	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
586	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
587
588		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
589
590	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
591	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
592	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
593	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
594	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
595	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
596	thus expected to continue to function as before.
597
598	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
599	change.
600
60120180328:
602	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
603	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
604	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
605
60620180323:
607	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
608	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
609	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
610	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
611	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
612	should be as simple as:
613
614		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
615		$ make depend all install
616
61720180212:
618	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
619	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
620	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
621	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
622	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
623	provisions for backup boot methods.
624
62520180211:
626	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
627	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
628	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
629	imp@freebsd.org.
630
63120180114:
632	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
633	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
634	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
635	or higher.
636
63720180110:
638	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
639	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
640	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
641
642	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
643	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
644
64520180110:
646	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
647	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
648	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
649	remove it from kernel config files.
650
65120180104:
652	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
653	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
654	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
655
656	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
657	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
658
65920180102:
660	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
661	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
662	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
663	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
664
66520171215:
666	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
667	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
668
66920171214:
670	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
671	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
672	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
673	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
674
67520171125:
676	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
677	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
678	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
679	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
680	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
681	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
682
68320171110:
684	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
685	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
686	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
687
68820171106:
689	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
690	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
691	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
692	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
693	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
694
69520171102:
696	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
697	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
698	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
699	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
700	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
701	environment.
702
70320171101:
704	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
705	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
706	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
707	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
708	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
709	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
710	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
711	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
712	than hardcoding paths.
713
71420171028:
715	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
716	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
717	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
718
71920171021:
720	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
721	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
722	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
723	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
724
72520171010:
726	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
727	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
728
72920171005:
730	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
731	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
732	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
733	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
734
73520171003:
736	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
737	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
738	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
739	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
740	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
741
74220170912:
743	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
744	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
745	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
746	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
747	/etc/ctl.conf .
748
74920170912:
750	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
751	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
752	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
753	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
754	soft-float everything else should be affected.
755
75620170826:
757	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
758	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
759
76020170825:
761	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
762	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
763	to complete.
764
76520170814:
766	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
767	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
768	${TESTSDIR}.
769
770	Behavioral changes:
771	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
772	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
773	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
774	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
775
776	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
777	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
778	sandbox if successful.
779
780	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
781	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
782	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
783	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
784	an unprivileged user.
785
78620170808:
787	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
788	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
789	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
790	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
791	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
792	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
793	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
794	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
795	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
796	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
797	to which you should answer yes.
798
79920170728:
800	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
801	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
802	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
803	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
804	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
805
80620170722:
807	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
808	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
809	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
810
81120170701:
812	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
813	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
814
81520170625:
816	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
817	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
818	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
819	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
820	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
821	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
822	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
823
82420170623:
825	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
826	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
827	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
828	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
829	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
830	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
831
83220170620:
833	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
834	if you require the GPL compiler.
835
83620170618:
837	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
838	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
839	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
840
84120170617:
842	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
843	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
844	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
845	followed.
846
84720170531:
848	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
849	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
850	from ports (and recommends to install it).
851	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
852	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
853	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
854
85520170524:
856	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
857	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
858	which only require one chipset support.
859
860	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
861
862	if_ath_load="YES"
863
864	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
865	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
866	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
867
868	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
869	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
870
871	* load ath_hal
872	* load the chip modules in question
873	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
874	* load ath_main
875	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
876	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
877
878	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
879
88020170523:
881	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
882	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
883	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
884
885	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
886	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
887	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
888
889	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
890	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
891	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
892	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
893	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
894	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
895	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
896	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
897
89820170424:
899	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
900	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
901	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
902
90320170420:
904	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
905	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
906	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
907
90820170413:
909	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
910	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
911	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
912	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
913	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
914	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
915	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
916
91720170407:
918	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
919	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
920	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
921	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
922
92320170405:
924	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
925	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
926	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
927
92820170331:
929	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
930	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
931	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
932
93320170329:
934	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
935	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
936
937	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
938	via one of the following methods:
939	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
940	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
941	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
942	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
943
944	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
945
94620170316:
947	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
948	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
949	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
950	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
951	with mmc.ko).
952
95320170315:
954	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
955	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
956	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
957	be prefixed with colon.
958
95920170311:
960	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
961	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
962	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
963
96420170302:
965	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
966	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
967	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
968
96920170221:
970	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
971	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
972	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
973	change.
974
97520170216:
976	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
977	valid.
978
97920170215:
980	MCA bus support has been removed.
981
98220170127:
983	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
984	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
985
98620170112:
987	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
988	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
989
99020170109:
991	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
992	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
993	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
994	configuration.
995
99620161217:
997	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
998	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
999	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1000
100120161124:
1002	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1003	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1004	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1005
100620161119:
1007	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1008	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1009	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1010
101120161030:
1012	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1013	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1014	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1015	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1016
101720161017:
1018	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1019	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1020	parts.
1021	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1022	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1023
102420161015:
1025	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1026	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1027	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1028	removed from base.
1029
103020161008:
1031	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1032	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1033	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1034
103520161003:
1036	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1037	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1038
103920160924:
1040	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1041	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1042	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1043	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1044
104520160918:
1046	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1047	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1048	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1049	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1050	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1051
105220160918:
1053	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1054
105520160908:
1056	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1057	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1058	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1059	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1060
106120160824:
1062	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1063	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1064	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1065	to 1200005.
1066
106720160818:
1068	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1069	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1070	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1071	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1072	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1073	0.
1074
107520160818:
1076	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1077	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1078
107920160708:
1080	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1081
108220160622:
1083	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1084	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1085	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1086	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1087	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1088	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1089	kernel.
1090
109120160527:
1092	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1093	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1094	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1095	previously contained a line like
1096	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1097	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1098	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1099	generally be fine.
1100
110120160523:
1102	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1103	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1104	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1105	built with the old headers.
1106
110720160520:
1108	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1109	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1110	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1111	installing a new libc.
1112
111320160517:
1114	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1115	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1116	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1117	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1118	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1119	packages will be needed.
1120
1121	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1122	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1123	and the install steps.
1124
112520160510:
1126	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1127	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1128	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1129	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1130	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1131	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1132
113320160414:
1134	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1135	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1136	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1137	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1138	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1139
1140		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1141		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1142		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1143		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1144		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1145
1146	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1147	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1148	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1149	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1150	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1151	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1152	vendors work.
1153
1154	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1155	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1156		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1157	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1158	quirks entry to 0x3.
1159
116020160330:
1161	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1162	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1163	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1164
116520160317:
1166	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1167	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1168
116920160311:
1170	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1171	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1172	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1173	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1174	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1175	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1176	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1177	stale .depend files.
1178
117920160306:
1180	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1181	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1182	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1183	rebooting, e.g.:
1184
1185	make buildworld
1186	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1187	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1188	make -C sys/boot install
1189	<reboot in single user>
1190
1191	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1192	below.
1193
119420160305:
1195	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1196	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1197	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1198
119920160301:
1200	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1201	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1202	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1203	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1204	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1205	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1206
120720160226:
1208	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1209	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1210	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1211	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1212	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1213
121420160129:
1215	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1216	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1217	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1218	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1219	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1220
122120160119:
1222	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1223	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1224
122520160113:
1226	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1227	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1228	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1229
123020151216:
1231	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1232	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1233	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1234	other loaders.
1235
123620151211:
1237	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1238	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1239	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1240	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1241	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1242	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1243
124420151207:
1245	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1246	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1247	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1248	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1249	in src.conf(5).
1250
125120151130:
1252	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1253	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1254	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1255
125620151108:
1257	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1258	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1259	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1260
1261	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1262	collation results will be different.
1263
1264	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1265	locales before running make installworld.
1266
1267	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1268
126920151030:
1270	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1271	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1272
127320151020:
1274	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1275	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1276	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1277
127820151017:
1279	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1280	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1281	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1282	and 'make -N' will not.
1283
128420151012:
1285	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1286	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1287	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1288	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1289	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1290	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1291	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1292	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1293
129420151011:
1295	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1296	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1297	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1298	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1299
130020151006:
1301	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1302	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1303	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1304
130520150924:
1306	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1307	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1308	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1309	userland debug files.
1310
1311	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1312	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1313	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1314
1315	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1316	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1317
131820150827:
1319	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1320	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1321	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1322	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1323	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1324	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1325
132620150827:
1327	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1328	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1329	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1330
133120150817:
1332	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1333	them, the kernel must have
1334
1335	device	random
1336	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1337
1338	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1339	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1340	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1341	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1342
1343	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1344	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1345
134620150813:
1347	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1348	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1349	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1350
135120150810:
1352	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1353	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1354	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1355	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1356
1357	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1358	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1359	difference with this change.
1360
1361	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1362	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1363	remove that workaround.
1364
136520150809:
1366	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1367	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1368	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1369	with:
1370
1371	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1372
137320150806:
1374	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1375	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1376	loader.rc.local instead.
1377
137820150805:
1379	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1380	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1381	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1382
138320150728:
1384	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1385	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1386	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1387
1388	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1389	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1390
139120150706:
1392	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1393	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1394	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1395	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1396	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1397	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1398	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1399	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1400	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1401	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1402	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1403	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1404
140520150630:
1406	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1407	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1408
1409	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1410	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1411	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1412
1413	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1414	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1415
1416	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1417	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1418	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1419
1420	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1421	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1422	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1423	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1424
1425	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1426	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1427	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1428	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1429
1430	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1431	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1432	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1433	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1434	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1435	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1436	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1437	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1438	will never happen.
1439
144020150623:
1441	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1442	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1443
144420150616:
1445	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1446	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1447
144820150615:
1449	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1450	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1451	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1452	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1453	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1454
145520150614:
1456	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1457	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1458	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1459	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1460
146120150614:
1462	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1463	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1464	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1465	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1466	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1467	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1468	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1469
1470	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1471	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1472	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1473	   replace it with '2'.
1474	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1475	   a file path, create a new file with:
1476		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1477	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1478		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1479	5. Restart sendmail:
1480		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1481
1482	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1483	updated.
1484
148520150604:
1486	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1487	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1488	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1489	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1490	5.x.
1491
1492	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1493
149420150525:
1495	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1496	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1497	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1498
149920150521:
1500	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1501	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1502	and Pandaboard:
1503
1504	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1505	  same but content is different now
1506	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1507	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1508	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1509	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1510	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1511
151220150501:
1513	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1514	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1515	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1516
151720150423:
1518	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1519	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1520
152120150415:
1522	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1523	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1524
152520150416:
1526	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1527	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1528	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1529
153020150324:
1531	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1532	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1533	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1534	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1535
153620150315:
1537	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1538	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1539	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1540
154120150307:
1542	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1543	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1544	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1545	kernel before rebooting.
1546
154720150217:
1548	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1549	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1550	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1551	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1552	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1553	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1554
155520150210:
1556	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1557	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1558	with the new kernel.
1559
156020150131:
1561	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1562	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1563	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1564
156520150118:
1566	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1567	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1568	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1569	are not already using 3.5.0.
1570
157120150107:
1572	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1573	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1574	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1575	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1576	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1577
157820150105:
1579	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1580	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1581	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1582	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1583
158420150102:
1585	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1586	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1587
158820141231:
1589	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1590
1591	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1592	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1593	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1594	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1595	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1596	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1597	later.
1598
1599	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1600	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1601	of the box.
1602
1603	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1604	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1605	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1606	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1607
1608	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1609	the instructions for 9.x above.
1610
1611	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1612	default, and do not build clang.
1613
1614	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1615	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1616	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1617
1618	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1619	the following are most likely to appear:
1620
1621	-Wabsolute-value
1622
1623	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1624	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1625	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1626	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1627	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1628	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1629	  cast, or disable the warning.
1630
1631	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1632	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1633	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1634	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1635	  side-effects.
1636
1637	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1638	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1639
1640	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1641	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1642	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1643	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1644
1645	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1646	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1647	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1648	unreachable could be optimized away.
1649
165020141222:
1651	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1652	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1653	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1654	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1655	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1656	the utilities will report errors.
1657
165820141121:
1659	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1660	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1661	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1662	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1663	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1664	LOCAL_DIRS.
1665
166620141109:
1667	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1668	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1669
167020141104:
1671	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1672	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1673	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1674	drivers.
1675
1676	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1677	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1678	indicate what you need to do.
1679
1680	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1681	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1682	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1683
1684	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1685	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1686	  kern.vty=sc
1687
168820141102:
1689	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1690	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1691	execute it.
1692
169320141009:
1694	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1695	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1696	devel/gperf port.
1697
169820140923:
1699	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1700	contrib/pjdfstest .
1701
170220140922:
1703	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1704	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1705	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1706	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1707	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1708	their next update cycle.
1709
171020140729:
1711	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1712	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1713	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1714	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1715	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1716
171720140723:
1718	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1719	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1720
172120140719:
1722	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1723	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1724	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1725	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1726	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1727	new configuration.
1728
172920140709:
1730	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1731	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1732	them again.
1733	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1734
173520140708:
1736	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1737	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1738	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1739	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1740	requires readline.
1741
174220140702:
1743	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1744	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1745	architecture.
1746
174720140701:
1748	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1749	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1750	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1751	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1752	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1753
175420140629:
1755	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1756	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1757	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1758
175920140619:
1760	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1761	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1762	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1763
176420140606:
1765	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1766	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1767	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1768	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1769	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1770	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1771	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1772	"make installworld".
1773
1774	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1775	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1776	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1777	is run.
1778
1779	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1780	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1781	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1782	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1783	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1784
178520140512:
1786	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1787
178820140508:
1789	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1790	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1791	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1792
179320140505:
1794	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1795	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1796	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1797	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1798	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1799	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1800	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1801	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1802	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1803	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1804	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1805	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1806
1807	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1808	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1809	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1810	as well.
1811
181220140430:
1813	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1814	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1815
181620140424:
1817	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1818	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1819	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1820	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1821	build hosts for older releases.
1822
1823	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1824	r276991, respectively.
1825
182620140418:
1827	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1828	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1829	will silently lack HESIOD.
1830
183120140405:
1832	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1833	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1834	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1835	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1836	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1837	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1838	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1839	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1840	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1841	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1842	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1843	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1844
184520140306:
1846	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1847	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1848	with command line option -W.
1849
185020140226:
1851	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1852	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1853	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1854	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1855	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1856
185720140216:
1858	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1859
186020140216:
1861	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1862	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1863
186420140212:
1865	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1866	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1867	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1868	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1869	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1870
187120140204:
1872	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1873	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1874	kernel is still highly recommended.
1875
187620140131:
1877	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1878	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1879	capability mode support in kernel.
1880
188120140128:
1882	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1883	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1884	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1885	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1886	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1887
188820140110:
1889	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1890	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1891	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1892	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1893	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1894	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1895
189620131213:
1897	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1898	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1899	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1900	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1901	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1902	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1903	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1904	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1905	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1906
190720131108:
1908	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1909	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1910	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1911	should change your settings to use the latter.
1912
191320131025:
1914	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1915	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1916	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1917	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1918	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1919
192020131014:
1921	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1922	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1923	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1924	delete-old-libs":
1925	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1926	  or
1927	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1928
192920131010:
1930	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1931	revision r256279.
1932
1933COMMON ITEMS:
1934
1935	General Notes
1936	-------------
1937	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1938	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1939	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1940	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1941	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1942	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1943	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1944
1945	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1946	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1947	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1948	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1949	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1950
1951	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1952	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1953	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1954	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1955	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1956	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1957	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1958	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1959	an exception.
1960
1961	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1962	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1963	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1964	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1965
1966	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1967	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1968	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1969	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1970	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1971	should write them with this in mind.
1972
1973	ZFS notes
1974	---------
1975	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1976	these two steps:
1977
1978	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1979	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1980
1981	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1982
1983	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1984	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1985	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1986
1987	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1988
1989	To build a kernel
1990	-----------------
1991	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1992	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1993	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1994
1995	make kernel-toolchain
1996	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1997	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1998
1999	To test a kernel once
2000	---------------------
2001	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2002	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2003	debugging information) run
2004	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2005	nextboot -k testkernel
2006
2007	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2008	-----------------------------------------------------------
2009	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2010	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2011
2012	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2013	make buildworld
2014	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2015	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2016							[1]
2017	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2018	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2019	make installworld
2020	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2021	make delete-old					[6]
2022	<reboot>
2023
2024	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2025	--------------------------------------------------
2026	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2027	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2028	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2029	# size.
2030
2031	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2032	<boot into -stable>
2033	make buildworld
2034	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2035	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2036	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2037	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2038	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2039	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2040	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2041	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2042	<reboot into current>
2043	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2044	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2045	<reboot>
2046
2047
2048	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2049	----------------------------------------------
2050	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2051	make buildworld					[9]
2052	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2053	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2054							[1]
2055	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2056	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2057	make installworld
2058	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2059	make delete-old					[6]
2060	<reboot>
2061
2062	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2063	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2064	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2065	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2066	the UPDATING entries.
2067
2068	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2069	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2070	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2071	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2072	much fewer pitfalls.
2073
2074	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2075	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2076	system on reboot.
2077
2078	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2079		fsck -p
2080		mount -u /
2081		mount -a
2082		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2083		cd src			# full path to source
2084		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2085	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2086	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2087
2088	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2089	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2090	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2091	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2092	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2093	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2094	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2095
2096	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2097	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2098	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2099	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2100	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2101	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2102
2103	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2104	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2105	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2106
2107	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2108	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2109	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2110	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2111	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2112	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2113	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2114	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2115
2116	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2117	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2118	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2119	for these as well.
2120
2121	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2122	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2123	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2124
2125	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2126	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2127	warn if it is improperly defined.
2128FORMAT:
2129
2130This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2131breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2132list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2133If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2134to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2135
2136Copyright information:
2137
2138Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2139
2140Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2141modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2142document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2143
2144THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2145IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2146WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2147DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2148INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2149(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2150SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2151HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2152STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2153IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2154POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2155
2156Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2157this document.
2158
2159$FreeBSD$
2160