xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 1f88aa09417f1cfb3929fd37531b1ab51213c2d6)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020210730:
31	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
32	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
33	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
34	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
35
3620210729:
37	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
38	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
39	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
40
4120210716:
42	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
43	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
44	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
45
4620210715:
47	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
48	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
49	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
50	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
51	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
52	to update your sources past the above hash and do
53		% cd usr.bin/awk
54		% make clean all
55		% sudo -E make install
56	to enable building kernels again.
57
5820210708:
59	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
60	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
61	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
62
6320210707:
64	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
65	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
66
6720210624:
68	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
69	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
70	for NFSv4 mounts.
71	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
72
7320210618:
74	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
75	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
76	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
77	additions and others.
78
7920210618:
80	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
81	renamed to "untrusted".
82
8320210611:
84	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
85	please install the svn package or port.
86
8720210611:
88	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
89	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
90	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
91
9220210610:
93	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
94
9520210608:
96	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
97	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
98https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
99	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
100	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
101	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
102	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
103
10420210525:
105	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
106	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
107	comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this.
108
10920210513:
110	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
111	libraries and utilities are packaged.
112	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
113	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
114	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
115	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
116	on the system.
117
11820210426:
119	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
120	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
121	need to be rebuilt from sources.
122	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
123	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
124	is not recommended.
125
12620210411:
127	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
128	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
129	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
130	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
131	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
132	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
133
13420210330:
135	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
136	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
137	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
138	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
139
14020210225:
141	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
142	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
143	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
144
14520210128:
146	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
147	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003
148	update.
149
15020210108:
151	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
152	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
153	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
154	since it was bumped so recently.
155
15620210107:
157	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
158	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
159	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
160	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
161
16220210105:
163	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
164	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
165	requires a clean build.
166
16720201223:
168	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
169	instructions can be found at
170	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
171	and other documents in that repo.
172
17320201216:
174	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
175	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
176	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
177	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
178
17920201215:
180	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
181	may be installed from ports or packages.
182
18320201124:
184	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
185	See ping(8) for details.
186
18720201108:
188	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
189	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
190	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
191
19220201030:
193	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
194	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
195	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
196	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
197	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
198
19920201026:
200	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
201	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
202	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
203	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
204	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
205	find.
206
20720200923:
208	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
209	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
210	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
211	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
212
213	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
214	command you want to un-auger the tree is
215		cd sys/amd64/conf
216		svn revert -R .
217	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
218	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
219
22020200824:
221	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
222	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
223	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
224	unless you  want to use new features.
225
226	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
227	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
228	rebuilding world may fail.
229
230	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
231	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
232
233	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
234	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
235	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
236	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
237
23820200824:
239	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
240	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
241	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
242	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
243
24420200821:
245	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
246	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
247	sources.
248
24920200817:
250	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
251	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
252
25320200816:
254	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
255	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
256	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
257	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
258
25920200810:
260	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
261	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
262	from sources, so a version bump was done.
263
26420200807:
265	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
266	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
267	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
268	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
269
27020200729:
271	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
272	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
273	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
274	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
275	continue to function.
276
277	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
278	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
279	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
280	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
281
28220200627:
283	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
284	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
285	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
286	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
287	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
288	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
289	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
290
29120200625:
292	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
293	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
294
29520200613:
296	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
297	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
298	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
299
30020200604:
301	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
302	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
303	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
304	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
305
306	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
307	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
308	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
309	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
310	/root/.shrc.
311
31220200523:
313	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
314	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
315	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
316	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
317
31820200512:
319	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
320	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
321
32220200424:
323	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
324	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
325	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
326	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
327	be functional without closefrom(2).
328
32920200414:
330	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
331	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
332	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
333	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
334	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
335	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
336
33720200310:
338	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
339	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
340	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
341	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
342
34320200309:
344	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
345	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
346	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
347
34820200301:
349	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
350
35120200229:
352	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
353	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
354	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
355
35620200229:
357	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
358	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
359
36020200229:
361	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
362	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
363	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
364	ports or packages.
365
36620200220:
367	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
368	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
369	ncurses.
370
37120200217:
372	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
373	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
374	together with their new kernel.
375
37620200212:
377	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
378	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
379	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
380
381	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
382	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
383
38420200108:
385	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
386	linker for riscv64.
387
38820200107:
389	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
390	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
391	external toolchain package.
392
39320200104:
394	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
395	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
396	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
397	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
398	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
399
40020200102:
401	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
402	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
403	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
404	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
405
40620191226:
407	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
408	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
409	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
410	ABI.
411
41220191226:
413	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
414
41520191222:
416	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
417	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
418	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
419	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
420
42120191212:
422	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
423	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
424	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
425
42620191205:
427	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
428	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
429	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
430	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
431	differences between those included in the port and those included in
432	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
433	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
434	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
435
43620191120:
437	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
438	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
439	for automounting.
440
44120191107:
442	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
443	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
444	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
445	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
446	add superio to the set.
447
44820191021:
449	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
450	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
451
45220191021:
453	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
454	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
455	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
456	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
457	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
458	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
459	completely in the future.
460
46120191009:
462	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
463	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
464	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
465	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
466	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
467	will be removed from the list.
468
46920191009:
470	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
471	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
472	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
473	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
474
47520191003:
476	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
477	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
478	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
479	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
480
48120190913:
482	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
483	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
484	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
485	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
486
48720190823:
488	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
489	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
490	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
491
49220190727:
493	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
494	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
495	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
496	your scripts, because they had no effect.
497
498	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
499	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
500	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
501	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
502	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
503
50420190713:
505	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
506	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
507	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
508	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
509	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
510	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
511	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
512
51320190620:
514	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
515	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
516	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
517	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
518
51920190612:
520	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
521	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
522	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
523	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
524
52520190608:
526	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
527	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
528	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
529
53020190513:
531	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
532	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
533	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
534	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
535	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
536	avoid running into the limit.
537
53820190507:
539	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
540	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
541
54220190507:
543	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
544	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
545	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
546	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
547	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
548	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
549
55020190418:
551	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
552	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
553	entropy:
554
555	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
556	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
557	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
558	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
559	availability properties.
560
561	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
562	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
563	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
564	initial condition, if desired.
565
566	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
567	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
568
569	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
570	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
571	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
572	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
573
57420190416:
575	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
576	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
577	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
578	therefore unblocked).
579
58020190404:
581	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
582	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
583	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
584	is added to the command line.
585	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
586	not affected and should continue to work.
587
58820190320:
589	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
590	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
591	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
592	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
593
59420190304:
595	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
596	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
597	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
598	or higher.
599
60020190226:
601	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
602	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
603	kernel config.
604
60520190219:
606	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
607	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
608	migrating to the drm ports.
609
61020190131:
611	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
612	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
613	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
614	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
615	is loaded automatically.
616
61720190125:
618	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
619	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
620	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
621	kernel config files.
622
62320181230:
624	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
625	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
626	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
627	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
628
62920181220:
630	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
631	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
632	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
633	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
634	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
635	most NFSv4 mounts.
636
63720181219:
638	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
639	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
640	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
641
642	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
643	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
644
645	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
646	removed from the mips port.
647
64820181211:
649	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
650	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
651	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
652	or higher.
653
65420181211:
655	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
656	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
657
65820181126:
659	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
660	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
661	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
662	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
663
66420181123:
665	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
666	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
667	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
668
66920181115:
670	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
671	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
672	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
673	FreeBSD versions.
674
67520181110:
676	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
677	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
678	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
679
680	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
681	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
682	being included using the command:
683		$ newsyslog -Nrv
684
68520181015:
686	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
687	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
688	drm-legacy-kmod.
689
690	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
691	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
692	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
693	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
694	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
695	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
696	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
697	that as you will get better support.
698
699	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
700	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
701	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
702	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
703
704	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
705	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
706	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
707	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
708	shortly.
709
71020181012:
711	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
712	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
713	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
714	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
715	be adjusted as necessary.
716
71720181009:
718	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
719	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
720	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
721	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
722
72320181006:
724	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
725	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
726	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
727	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
728	encouraged.
729
73020181002:
731	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
732	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
733	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
734	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
735	nda device name.
736
73720180913:
738	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
739	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
740	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
741	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
742	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
743	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
744
74520180826:
746	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
747	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
748	default since FreeBSD-11.
749
75020180822:
751	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
752	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
753	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
754
75520180818:
756	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
757	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
758	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
759	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
760	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
761	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
762	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
763
764	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
765	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
766
76720180815:
768	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
769	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
770	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
771	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
772	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
773	may not be observed in a future release.
774
77520180808:
776	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
777	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
778	your environment.
779
78020180731:
781	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
782	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
783	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
784	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
785
78620180730:
787	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
788	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
789	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
790	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
791	runtime services.
792
79320180727:
794	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
795	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
796	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
797
79820180723:
799	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
800	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
801	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
802	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
803	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
804
80520180720:
806	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
807	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
808	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
809	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
810	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
811	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
812
81320180719:
814	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
815	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
816	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
817	boot_serial=YES
818	boot_multicons=YES
819	in /boot/loader.conf
820	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
821	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
822	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
823
82420180719:
825	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
826	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
827	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
828	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
829	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
830	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
831	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
832	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
833	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
834	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
835	by the ntpd user.
836
83720180717:
838	Big endian arm support has been removed.
839
84020180711:
841	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
842	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
843	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
844	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
845	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
846
84720180705:
848	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
849	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
850	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
851	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
852	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
853	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
854
85520180702:
856	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
857	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
858
85920180701:
860	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
861	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
862	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
863	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
864	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
865	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
866	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
867
86820180630:
869	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
870	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
871	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
872	or higher.
873
87420180628:
875	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
876	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
877	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
878	file.
879
88020180612:
881	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
882	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
883
88420180530:
885	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
886	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
887	longer necessary.
888
88920180530:
890	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
891	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
892	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
893	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
894
89520180523:
896	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
897	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
898	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
899	later than r334108.
900
90120180517:
902	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
903	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
904	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
905	it must be removed.
906
90720180510:
908	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
909	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
910	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
911	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
912	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
913	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
914	will go away.
915
916	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
917	workaround is necessary.
918
91920180508:
920	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
921	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
922	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
923	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
924
92520180504:
926	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
927	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
928	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
929	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
930	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
931
93220180502:
933	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
934	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
935	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
936	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
937
93820180501:
939	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
940	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
941	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
942	be removed.
943
94420180413:
945	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
946	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
947	removed.
948
94920180411:
950	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
951	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
952	removed.
953
95420180406:
955	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
956	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
957	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
958	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
959	microseconds and time zone offsets.
960
961	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
962	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
963	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
964	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
965	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
966	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
967	adjustments, depending on the software used.
968
969	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
970	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
971
972		source src {
973			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
974		}
975
976	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
977	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
978	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
979
980		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
981
982	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
983	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
984	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
985	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
986	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
987	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
988	thus expected to continue to function as before.
989
990	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
991	change.
992
99320180328:
994	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
995	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
996	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
997
99820180323:
999	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1000	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1001	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1002	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1003	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1004	should be as simple as:
1005
1006		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1007		$ make depend all install
1008
100920180212:
1010	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1011	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1012	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1013	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1014	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1015	provisions for backup boot methods.
1016
101720180211:
1018	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1019	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1020	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1021	imp@freebsd.org.
1022
102320180114:
1024	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1025	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1026	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1027	or higher.
1028
102920180110:
1030	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1031	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1032	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1033
1034	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1035	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1036
103720180110:
1038	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1039	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1040	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1041	remove it from kernel config files.
1042
104320180104:
1044	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1045	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1046	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1047
1048	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1049	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1050
105120180102:
1052	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1053	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1054	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1055	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1056
105720171215:
1058	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1059	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1060
106120171214:
1062	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1063	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1064	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1065	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1066
106720171125:
1068	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1069	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1070	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1071	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1072	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1073	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1074
107520171110:
1076	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1077	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1078	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1079
108020171106:
1081	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1082	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1083	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1084	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1085	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1086
108720171102:
1088	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1089	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1090	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1091	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1092	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1093	environment.
1094
109520171101:
1096	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1097	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1098	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1099	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1100	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1101	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1102	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1103	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1104	than hardcoding paths.
1105
110620171028:
1107	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1108	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1109	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1110
111120171021:
1112	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1113	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1114	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1115	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1116
111720171010:
1118	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1119	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1120
112120171005:
1122	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1123	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1124	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1125	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1126
112720171003:
1128	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1129	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1130	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1131	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1132	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1133
113420170912:
1135	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1136	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1137	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1138	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1139	/etc/ctl.conf .
1140
114120170912:
1142	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1143	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1144	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1145	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1146	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1147
114820170826:
1149	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1150	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1151
115220170825:
1153	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1154	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1155	to complete.
1156
115720170814:
1158	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1159	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1160	${TESTSDIR}.
1161
1162	Behavioral changes:
1163	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1164	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1165	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1166	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1167
1168	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1169	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1170	sandbox if successful.
1171
1172	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1173	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1174	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1175	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1176	an unprivileged user.
1177
117820170808:
1179	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1180	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1181	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1182	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1183	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1184	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1185	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1186	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1187	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1188	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1189	to which you should answer yes.
1190
119120170728:
1192	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1193	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1194	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1195	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1196	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1197
119820170722:
1199	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1200	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1201	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1202
120320170701:
1204	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1205	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1206
120720170625:
1208	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1209	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1210	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1211	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1212	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1213	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1214	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1215
121620170623:
1217	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1218	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1219	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1220	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1221	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1222	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1223
122420170620:
1225	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1226	if you require the GPL compiler.
1227
122820170618:
1229	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1230	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1231	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1232
123320170617:
1234	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1235	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1236	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1237	followed.
1238
123920170531:
1240	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1241	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1242	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1243	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1244	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1245	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1246
124720170524:
1248	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1249	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1250	which only require one chipset support.
1251
1252	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1253
1254	if_ath_load="YES"
1255
1256	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1257	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1258	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1259
1260	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1261	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1262
1263	* load ath_hal
1264	* load the chip modules in question
1265	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1266	* load ath_main
1267	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1268	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1269
1270	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1271
127220170523:
1273	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1274	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1275	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1276
1277	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1278	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1279	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1280
1281	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1282	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1283	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1284	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1285	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1286	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1287	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1288	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1289
129020170424:
1291	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1292	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1293	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1294
129520170420:
1296	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1297	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1298	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1299
130020170413:
1301	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1302	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1303	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1304	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1305	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1306	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1307	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1308
130920170407:
1310	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1311	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1312	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1313	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1314
131520170405:
1316	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1317	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1318	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1319
132020170331:
1321	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1322	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1323	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1324
132520170329:
1326	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1327	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1328
1329	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1330	via one of the following methods:
1331	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1332	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1333	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1334	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1335
1336	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1337
133820170316:
1339	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1340	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1341	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1342	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1343	with mmc.ko).
1344
134520170315:
1346	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1347	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1348	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1349	be prefixed with colon.
1350
135120170311:
1352	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1353	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1354	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1355
135620170302:
1357	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1358	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1359	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1360
136120170221:
1362	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1363	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1364	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1365	change.
1366
136720170216:
1368	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1369	valid.
1370
137120170215:
1372	MCA bus support has been removed.
1373
137420170127:
1375	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1376	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1377
137820170112:
1379	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1380	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1381
138220170109:
1383	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1384	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1385	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1386	configuration.
1387
138820161217:
1389	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1390	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1391	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1392
139320161124:
1394	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1395	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1396	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1397
139820161119:
1399	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1400	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1401	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1402
140320161030:
1404	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1405	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1406	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1407	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1408
140920161017:
1410	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1411	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1412	parts.
1413	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1414	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1415
141620161015:
1417	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1418	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1419	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1420	removed from base.
1421
142220161008:
1423	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1424	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1425	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1426
142720161003:
1428	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1429	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1430
143120160924:
1432	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1433	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1434	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1435	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1436
143720160918:
1438	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1439	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1440	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1441	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1442	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1443
144420160918:
1445	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1446
144720160908:
1448	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1449	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1450	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1451	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1452
145320160824:
1454	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1455	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1456	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1457	to 1200005.
1458
145920160818:
1460	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1461	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1462	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1463	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1464	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1465	0.
1466
146720160818:
1468	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1469	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1470
147120160708:
1472	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1473
147420160622:
1475	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1476	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1477	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1478	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1479	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1480	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1481	kernel.
1482
148320160527:
1484	CAM now strips the leading spaces from each SCSI disk's serial number.
1485	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1486	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1487	previously contained a line like
1488	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1489	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1490	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1491	generally be fine.
1492
149320160523:
1494	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1495	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1496	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1497	built with the old headers.
1498
149920160520:
1500	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1501	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1502	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1503	installing a new libc.
1504
150520160517:
1506	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1507	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1508	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1509	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1510	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1511	packages will be needed.
1512
1513	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1514	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1515	and the install steps.
1516
151720160510:
1518	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1519	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1520	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1521	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1522	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1523	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1524
152520160414:
1526	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1527	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1528	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1529	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1530	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1531
1532		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1533		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1534		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1535		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1536		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1537
1538	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1539	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1540	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1541	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1542	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1543	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1544	vendors work.
1545
1546	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1547	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1548		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1549	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1550	quirks entry to 0x3.
1551
155220160330:
1553	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1554	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1555	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1556
155720160317:
1558	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1559	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1560
156120160311:
1562	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1563	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1564	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1565	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1566	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1567	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1568	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1569	stale .depend files.
1570
157120160306:
1572	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1573	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1574	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1575	rebooting, e.g.:
1576
1577	make buildworld
1578	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1579	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1580	make -C sys/boot install
1581	<reboot in single user>
1582
1583	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1584	below.
1585
158620160305:
1587	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1588	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1589	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1590
159120160301:
1592	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1593	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1594	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1595	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1596	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1597	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1598
159920160226:
1600	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1601	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1602	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1603	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1604	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1605
160620160129:
1607	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1608	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1609	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1610	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1611	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1612
161320160119:
1614	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1615	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1616
161720160113:
1618	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1619	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1620	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1621
162220151216:
1623	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1624	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1625	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1626	other loaders.
1627
162820151211:
1629	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1630	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1631	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1632	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1633	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1634	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1635
163620151207:
1637	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1638	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1639	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1640	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1641	in src.conf(5).
1642
164320151130:
1644	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1645	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1646	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1647
164820151108:
1649	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1650	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1651	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1652
1653	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1654	collation results will be different.
1655
1656	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1657	locales before running make installworld.
1658
1659	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1660
166120151030:
1662	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1663	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1664
166520151020:
1666	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1667	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1668	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1669
167020151017:
1671	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1672	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1673	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1674	and 'make -N' will not.
1675
167620151012:
1677	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1678	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1679	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1680	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1681	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1682	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1683	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1684	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1685
168620151011:
1687	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1688	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1689	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1690	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1691
169220151006:
1693	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1694	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1695	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1696
169720150924:
1698	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1699	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1700	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1701	userland debug files.
1702
1703	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1704	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1705	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1706
1707	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1708	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1709
171020150827:
1711	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1712	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1713	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1714	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1715	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1716	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1717
171820150827:
1719	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1720	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1721	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1722
172320150817:
1724	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1725	them, the kernel must have
1726
1727	device	random
1728	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1729
1730	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1731	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1732	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1733	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1734
1735	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1736	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1737
173820150813:
1739	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1740	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1741	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1742
174320150810:
1744	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1745	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1746	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1747	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1748
1749	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1750	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1751	difference with this change.
1752
1753	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1754	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1755	remove that workaround.
1756
175720150809:
1758	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1759	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1760	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1761	with:
1762
1763	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1764
176520150806:
1766	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1767	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1768	loader.rc.local instead.
1769
177020150805:
1771	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1772	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1773	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1774
177520150728:
1776	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1777	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1778	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1779
1780	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1781	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1782
178320150706:
1784	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1785	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1786	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1787	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1788	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1789	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1790	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1791	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1792	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1793	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1794	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1795	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1796
179720150630:
1798	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1799	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1800
1801	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1802	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1803	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1804
1805	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1806	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1807
1808	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1809	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1810	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1811
1812	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1813	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1814	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1815	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1816
1817	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1818	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1819	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1820	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1821
1822	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1823	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1824	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1825	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1826	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1827	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1828	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1829	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1830	will never happen.
1831
183220150623:
1833	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1834	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1835
183620150616:
1837	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1838	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1839
184020150615:
1841	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1842	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1843	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1844	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1845	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1846
184720150614:
1848	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1849	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1850	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1851	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1852
185320150614:
1854	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1855	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1856	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1857	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1858	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1859	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1860	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1861
1862	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1863	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1864	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1865	   replace it with '2'.
1866	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1867	   a file path, create a new file with:
1868		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1869	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1870		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1871	5. Restart sendmail:
1872		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1873
1874	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1875	updated.
1876
187720150604:
1878	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1879	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1880	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1881	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1882	5.x.
1883
1884	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1885
188620150525:
1887	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1888	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1889	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1890
189120150521:
1892	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1893	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1894	and Pandaboard:
1895
1896	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1897	  same but content is different now
1898	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1899	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1900	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1901	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1902	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1903
190420150501:
1905	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1906	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1907	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1908
190920150423:
1910	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1911	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1912
191320150415:
1914	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1915	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1916
191720150416:
1918	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1919	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1920	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1921
192220150324:
1923	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1924	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1925	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1926	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1927
192820150315:
1929	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1930	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1931	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1932
193320150307:
1934	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1935	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1936	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1937	kernel before rebooting.
1938
193920150217:
1940	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1941	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1942	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1943	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1944	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1945	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1946
194720150210:
1948	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1949	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1950	with the new kernel.
1951
195220150131:
1953	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1954	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1955	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1956
195720150118:
1958	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1959	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1960	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1961	are not already using 3.5.0.
1962
196320150107:
1964	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1965	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1966	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1967	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1968	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1969
197020150105:
1971	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1972	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1973	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1974	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1975
197620150102:
1977	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1978	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1979
198020141231:
1981	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1982
1983	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1984	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1985	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1986	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1987	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1988	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1989	later.
1990
1991	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1992	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1993	of the box.
1994
1995	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1996	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1997	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1998	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1999
2000	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
2001	the instructions for 9.x above.
2002
2003	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
2004	default, and do not build clang.
2005
2006	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
2007	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
2008	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
2009
2010	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
2011	the following are most likely to appear:
2012
2013	-Wabsolute-value
2014
2015	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
2016	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
2017	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
2018	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
2019	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
2020	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
2021	  cast, or disable the warning.
2022
2023	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
2024	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
2025	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
2026	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
2027	  side-effects.
2028
2029	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
2030	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
2031
2032	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
2033	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
2034	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
2035	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
2036
2037	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
2038	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
2039	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
2040	unreachable could be optimized away.
2041
204220141222:
2043	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
2044	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
2045	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
2046	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
2047	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
2048	the utilities will report errors.
2049
205020141121:
2051	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
2052	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
2053	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
2054	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
2055	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
2056	LOCAL_DIRS.
2057
205820141109:
2059	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
2060	has been obsolete for a very long time.
2061
206220141104:
2063	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
2064	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
2065	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
2066	drivers.
2067
2068	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
2069	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
2070	indicate what you need to do.
2071
2072	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
2073	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
2074	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
2075
2076	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
2077	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
2078	  kern.vty=sc
2079
208020141102:
2081	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
2082	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
2083	execute it.
2084
208520141009:
2086	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
2087	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
2088	devel/gperf port.
2089
209020140923:
2091	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
2092	contrib/pjdfstest .
2093
209420140922:
2095	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
2096	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
2097	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
2098	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
2099	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
2100	their next update cycle.
2101
210220140729:
2103	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
2104	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
2105	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
2106	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
2107	1.12.4_8 or newer.
2108
210920140723:
2110	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
2111	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
2112
211320140719:
2114	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
2115	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
2116	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
2117	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
2118	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
2119	new configuration.
2120
212120140709:
2122	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
2123	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
2124	them again.
2125	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
2126
212720140708:
2128	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
2129	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
2130	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
2131	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
2132	requires readline.
2133
213420140702:
2135	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
2136	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
2137	architecture.
2138
213920140701:
2140	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
2141	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
2142	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
2143	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
2144	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2145
214620140629:
2147	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
2148	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
2149	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
2150
215120140619:
2152	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
2153	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
2154	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2155
215620140606:
2157	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2158	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
2159	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2160	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
2161	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2162	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2163	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2164	"make installworld".
2165
2166	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2167	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2168	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2169	is run.
2170
2171	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2172	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2173	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2174	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2175	be removed during a clean upgrade.
2176
217720140512:
2178	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2179
218020140508:
2181	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2182	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2183	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
2184
218520140505:
2186	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2187	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2188	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2189	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2190	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2191	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2192	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2193	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2194	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2195	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2196	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2197	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2198
2199	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2200	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2201	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2202	as well.
2203
220420140430:
2205	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2206	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2207
220820140424:
2209	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2210	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2211	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2212	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2213	build hosts for older releases.
2214
2215	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2216	r276991, respectively.
2217
221820140418:
2219	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2220	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2221	will silently lack HESIOD.
2222
222320140405:
2224	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2225	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2226	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2227	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2228	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2229	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2230	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2231	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2232	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2233	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2234	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2235	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
2236
223720140306:
2238	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2239	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2240	with command line option -W.
2241
224220140226:
2243	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2244	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2245	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2246	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2247	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2248
224920140216:
2250	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2251
225220140216:
2253	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
2254	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2255
225620140212:
2257	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2258	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2259	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
2260	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2261	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2262
226320140204:
2264	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2265	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
2266	kernel is still highly recommended.
2267
226820140131:
2269	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2270	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
2271	capability mode support in kernel.
2272
227320140128:
2274	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2275	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2276	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2277	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2278	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2279
228020140110:
2281	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2282	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2283	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2284	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2285	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2286	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2287
228820131213:
2289	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2290	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2291	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2292	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2293	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2294	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2295	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2296	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2297	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2298
229920131108:
2300	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2301	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
2302	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2303	should change your settings to use the latter.
2304
230520131025:
2306	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2307	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
2308	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
2309	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
2310	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2311
231220131014:
2313	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2314	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2315	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2316	delete-old-libs":
2317	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2318	  or
2319	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2320
232120131010:
2322	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2323	revision r256279.
2324
2325COMMON ITEMS:
2326
2327	General Notes
2328	-------------
2329	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2330	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2331	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2332	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2333	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2334	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2335	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2336	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2337
2338	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2339	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2340	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2341	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2342	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2343	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2344	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2345	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2346	an exception.
2347
2348	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2349	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2350	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2351	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2352	step.
2353
2354	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2355	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2356	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2357	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2358
2359	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2360	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2361	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2362	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2363	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2364	should write them with this in mind.
2365
2366	ZFS notes
2367	---------
2368	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2369	these two steps:
2370
2371	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2372	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2373
2374	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2375
2376	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2377	freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2378	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2379	The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2380	booting from EFI).
2381
2382	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2383
2384	To build a kernel
2385	-----------------
2386	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2387	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2388	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2389
2390	make kernel-toolchain
2391	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2392	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2393
2394	To test a kernel once
2395	---------------------
2396	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2397	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2398	debugging information) run
2399	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2400	nextboot -k testkernel
2401
2402	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2403	-----------------------------------------------------------
2404	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2405	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2406
2407	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2408	make buildworld
2409	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2410	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2411							[1]
2412	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2413	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2414	make installworld
2415	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2416	make delete-old					[6]
2417	<reboot>
2418
2419	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2420	--------------------------------------------------
2421	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2422	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2423	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2424	# size.
2425
2426	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2427	<boot into -stable>
2428	make buildworld
2429	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2430	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2431	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2432	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2433	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2434	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2435	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2436	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2437	<reboot into current>
2438	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2439	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2440	<reboot>
2441
2442
2443	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2444	----------------------------------------------
2445	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2446	make buildworld					[9]
2447	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2448	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2449							[1]
2450	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2451	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2452	make installworld
2453	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2454	make delete-old					[6]
2455	<reboot>
2456
2457	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2458	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2459	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2460	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2461	the UPDATING entries.
2462
2463	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2464	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2465	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2466	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2467	much fewer pitfalls.
2468
2469	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2470	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2471	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2472	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2473	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2474	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2475	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2476	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2477	and effective, eg:
2478	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2479
2480	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2481		fsck -p
2482		mount -u /
2483		mount -a
2484		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2485		cd src			# full path to source
2486		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2487	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2488	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2489
2490	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2491	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2492	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2493	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2494	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2495	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2496	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2497
2498	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2499	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2500	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2501	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2502	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2503	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2504
2505	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2506	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2507	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2508
2509	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2510	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2511	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2512	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2513	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2514	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2515	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2516	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2517
2518	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2519	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2520	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2521	for these as well.
2522
2523	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2524	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2525	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2526
2527	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2528	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2529	warn if it is improperly defined.
2530FORMAT:
2531
2532This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2533breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2534list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2535If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2536to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2537
2538Copyright information:
2539
2540Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2541
2542Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2543modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2544document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2545
2546THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2547IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2548WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2549DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2550INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2551(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2552SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2553HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2554STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2555IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2556POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2557
2558Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2559this document.
2560
2561$FreeBSD$
2562