1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 34 35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ****************************** 36 37 Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in 38 the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade 39 either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including 40 10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and 41 11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so 42 you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the 43 stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade. 44 stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs 45 from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on 46 the last couple of stable branches, so be careful. 47 48 If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang 49 compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system 50 will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder. 51 52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ****************************** 53 5420170216: 55 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 56 valid. 57 5820170215: 59 MCA bus support has been removed. 60 6120170127: 62 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 63 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 64 6520170112: 66 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 67 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 68 6920170109: 70 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 71 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 72 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 73 7420161217: 75 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 76 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 77 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 78 7920161124: 80 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 81 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 82 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 83 8420161119: 85 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 86 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 87 that link against it need to be recompiled. 88 8920161030: 90 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 91 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 92 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 93 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 94 9520161017: 96 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 97 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 98 parts. 99 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 100 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 101 10220161015: 103 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 104 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 105 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 106 removed from base. 107 10820161008: 109 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 110 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 111 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 112 11320161003: 114 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 115 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 116 11720160924: 118 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 119 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 120 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 121 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 122 12320160918: 124 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 125 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 126 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 127 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 128 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 129 13020160918: 131 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 132 13320160908: 134 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 135 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 136 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 137 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 138 13920160824: 140 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 141 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 142 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 143 to 1200005. 144 14520160818: 146 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 147 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 148 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 149 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 150 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 151 0. 152 15320160818: 154 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 155 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 156 15720160622: 158 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 159 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 160 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 161 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 162 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 163 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 164 kernel. 165 16620160527: 167 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 168 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 169 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 170 previously contained a line like 171 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 172 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 173 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 174 generally be fine. 175 17620160523: 177 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 178 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 179 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 180 built with the old headers. 181 18220160520: 183 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 184 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 185 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 186 installing a new libc. 187 18820160517: 189 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 190 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 191 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 192 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 193 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 194 packages will be needed. 195 196 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 197 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 198 and the install steps. 199 20020160510: 201 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 202 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 203 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 204 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 205 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 206 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 207 20820160414: 209 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 210 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 211 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 212 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 213 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 214 215 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 216 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 217 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 218 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 219 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 220 221 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 222 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 223 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 224 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 225 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 226 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 227 vendors work. 228 229 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 230 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 231 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 232 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 233 quirks entry to 0x3. 234 23520160330: 236 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 237 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 238 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 239 24020160317: 241 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 242 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 243 24420160311: 245 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 246 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 247 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 248 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 249 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 250 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 251 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 252 stale .depend files. 253 25420160306: 255 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 256 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 257 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 258 rebooting, e.g.: 259 260 make buildworld 261 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 262 make -C sys/boot install 263 <reboot in single user> 264 265 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 266 below. 267 26820160305: 269 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 270 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 271 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 272 27320160301: 274 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 275 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 276 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 277 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 278 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 279 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 280 28120160226: 282 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 283 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 284 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 285 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 286 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 287 28820160129: 289 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 290 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 291 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 292 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 293 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 294 29520160119: 296 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 297 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 298 29920160113: 300 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 301 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 302 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 303 30420151216: 305 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 306 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 307 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 308 other loaders. 309 31020151211: 311 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 312 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 313 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 314 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 315 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 316 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 317 31820151207: 319 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 320 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 321 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 322 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 323 in src.conf(5). 324 32520151130: 326 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 327 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 328 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 329 33020151108: 331 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 332 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 333 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 334 335 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 336 collation results will be different. 337 338 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 339 locales before running make installworld. 340 341 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 342 34320151030: 344 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 345 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 346 34720151020: 348 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 349 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 350 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 351 35220151017: 353 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 354 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 355 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 356 and 'make -N' will not. 357 35820151012: 359 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 360 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 361 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 362 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 363 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 364 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 365 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 366 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 367 36820151011: 369 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 370 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 371 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 372 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 373 37420151006: 375 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 376 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 377 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 378 37920150924: 380 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 381 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 382 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 383 userland debug files. 384 385 When using the supported kernel installation method the 386 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 387 as is done with /boot/kernel. 388 389 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 390 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 391 39220150827: 393 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 394 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 395 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 396 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 397 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 398 rc.d scripts in /etc. 399 40020150827: 401 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 402 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 403 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 404 40520150817: 406 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 407 them, the kernel must have 408 409 device random 410 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 411 412 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 413 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 414 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 415 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 416 417 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 418 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 419 42020150813: 421 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 422 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 423 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 424 42520150810: 426 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 427 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 428 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 429 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 430 431 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 432 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 433 difference with this change. 434 435 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 436 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 437 remove that workaround. 438 43920150809: 440 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 441 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 442 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 443 with: 444 445 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 446 44720150806: 448 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 449 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 450 loader.rc.local instead. 451 45220150805: 453 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 454 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 455 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 456 45720150728: 458 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 459 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 460 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 461 462 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 463 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 464 46520150706: 466 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 467 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 468 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 469 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 470 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 471 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 472 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 473 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 474 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 475 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 476 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 477 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 478 47920150630: 480 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 481 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 482 483 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 484 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 485 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 486 487 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 488 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 489 490 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 491 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 492 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 493 494 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 495 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 496 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 497 and it is assumed you know what you need. 498 499 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 500 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 501 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 502 behaviour from your security subsystems. 503 504 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 505 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 506 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 507 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 508 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 509 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 510 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 511 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 512 will never happen. 513 51420150623: 515 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 516 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717. 517 51820150616: 519 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 520 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 521 52220150615: 523 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 524 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work 525 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 526 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 527 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 528 52920150614: 530 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 531 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 532 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 533 with Kyuafile and kyua. 534 53520150614: 536 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 537 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 538 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 539 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 540 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 541 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 542 2048 bit DH parameter by: 543 544 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 545 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 546 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 547 replace it with '2'. 548 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 549 a file path, create a new file with: 550 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 551 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 552 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 553 5. Restart sendmail: 554 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 555 556 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 557 updated. 558 55920150604: 560 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 561 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 562 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 563 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 564 5.x. 565 566 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 567 56820150525: 569 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 570 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 571 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 572 57320150521: 574 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 575 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 576 and Pandaboard: 577 578 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 579 same but content is different now 580 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 581 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 582 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 583 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 584 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 585 58620150501: 587 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 588 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 589 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 590 59120150423: 592 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 593 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 594 59520150415: 596 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 597 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 598 59920150416: 600 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 601 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 602 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 603 60420150324: 605 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 606 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 607 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 608 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 609 61020150315: 611 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 612 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 613 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 614 61520150307: 616 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 617 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 618 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 619 kernel before rebooting. 620 62120150217: 622 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 623 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 624 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 625 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 626 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 627 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 628 62920150210: 630 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 631 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 632 with the new kernel. 633 63420150131: 635 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 636 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 637 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 638 63920150118: 640 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 641 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 642 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 643 are not already using 3.5.0. 644 64520150107: 646 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 647 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 648 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 649 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 650 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 651 65220150105: 653 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 654 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 655 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 656 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 657 65820150102: 659 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 660 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 661 66220141231: 663 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 664 665 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 666 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 667 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 668 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 669 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 670 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 671 later. 672 673 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 674 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 675 of the box. 676 677 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 678 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 679 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 680 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 681 682 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 683 the instructions for 9.x above. 684 685 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 686 default, and do not build clang. 687 688 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 689 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 690 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 691 692 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 693 the following are most likely to appear: 694 695 -Wabsolute-value 696 697 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 698 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 699 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 700 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 701 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 702 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 703 cast, or disable the warning. 704 705 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 706 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 707 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 708 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 709 side-effects. 710 711 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 712 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 713 714 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 715 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 716 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 717 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 718 719 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 720 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 721 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 722 unreachable could be optimized away. 723 72420141222: 725 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 726 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 727 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 728 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 729 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 730 the utilities will report errors. 731 73220141121: 733 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 734 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 735 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 736 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 737 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 738 LOCAL_DIRS. 739 74020141109: 741 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 742 has been obsolete for a very long time. 743 74420141104: 745 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 746 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 747 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 748 drivers. 749 750 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 751 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 752 indicate what you need to do. 753 754 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 755 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 756 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 757 758 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 759 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 760 kern.vty=sc 761 76220141102: 763 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 764 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 765 execute it. 766 76720141009: 768 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 769 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 770 devel/gperf port. 771 77220140923: 773 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 774 contrib/pjdfstest . 775 77620140922: 777 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 778 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 779 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 780 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 781 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 782 their next update cycle. 783 78420140729: 785 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 786 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 787 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 788 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 789 1.12.4_8 or newer. 790 79120140723: 792 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 793 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 794 79520140719: 796 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 797 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 798 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 799 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 800 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 801 new configuration. 802 80320140709: 804 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 805 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 806 them again. 807 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 808 80920140708: 810 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 811 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 812 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 813 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 814 requires readline. 815 81620140702: 817 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 818 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 819 architecture. 820 82120140701: 822 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 823 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 824 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 825 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 826 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 827 82820140629: 829 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 830 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 831 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 832 83320140619: 834 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 835 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 836 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 837 83820140606: 839 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 840 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 841 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 842 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 843 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 844 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 845 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 846 "make installworld". 847 848 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 849 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 850 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 851 is run. 852 853 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 854 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 855 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 856 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 857 be removed during a clean upgrade. 858 85920140512: 860 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 861 86220140508: 863 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 864 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 865 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 866 86720140505: 868 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 869 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 870 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 871 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 872 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 873 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 874 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 875 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 876 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 877 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 878 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 879 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 880 881 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 882 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 883 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 884 as well. 885 88620140430: 887 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 888 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 889 89020140424: 891 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 892 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 893 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 894 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 895 build hosts for older releases. 896 897 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 898 r276991, respectively. 899 90020140418: 901 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 902 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 903 will silently lack HESIOD. 904 90520140405: 906 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 907 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 908 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 909 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 910 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 911 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 912 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 913 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 914 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 915 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 916 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 917 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 918 91920140306: 920 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 921 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 922 with command line option -W. 923 92420140226: 925 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 926 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 927 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 928 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 929 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 930 93120140216: 932 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 933 93420140216: 935 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 936 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 937 93820140212: 939 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 940 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 941 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 942 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 943 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 944 94520140204: 946 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 947 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 948 kernel is still highly recommended. 949 95020140131: 951 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 952 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 953 capability mode support in kernel. 954 95520140128: 956 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 957 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 958 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 959 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 960 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 961 96220140110: 963 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 964 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 965 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 966 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 967 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 968 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 969 97020131213: 971 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 972 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 973 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 974 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 975 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 976 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 977 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 978 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 979 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 980 98120131108: 982 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 983 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 984 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 985 should change your settings to use the latter. 986 98720131025: 988 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 989 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 990 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 991 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 992 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 993 99420131014: 995 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 996 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 997 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 998 delete-old-libs": 999 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1000 or 1001 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1002 100320131010: 1004 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1005 revision r256279. 1006 100720131010: 1008 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 1009 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 1010 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 1011 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 1012 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 1013 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 1014 1015 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 1016 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 1017 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 1018 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 1019 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 1020 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 1021 1022 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 1023 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 1024 with an integer. 1025 102620130930: 1027 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 1028 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 1029 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 1030 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 1031 1032 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 1033 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 1034 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 1035 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 1036 103720130916: 1038 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 1039 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1040 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1041 104220130911: 1043 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 1044 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 1045 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 1046 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 1047 104820130906: 1049 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 1050 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 1051 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 1052 options in src.conf. 1053 105420130905: 1055 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 1056 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 1057 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 1058 'options PROCDESC'. 1059 106020130905: 1061 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 1062 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 1063 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 1064 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 1065 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 1066 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 1067 106820130903: 1069 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 1070 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 1071 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 1072 107320130821: 1074 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 1075 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 1076 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 1077 107820130813: 1079 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 1080 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 1081 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 1082 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 1083 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 1084 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 1085 108620130806: 1087 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 1088 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 1089 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 1090 explicitly. 1091 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 1092 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 1093 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 1094 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 1095 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 1096 109720130806: 1098 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 1099 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 1100 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 1101 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 1102 to r253970 or later. 1103 110420130802: 1105 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 1106 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 1107 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 1108 would result: 1109 1110 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 1111 1112 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 1113 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 1114 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 1115 old as well as the new version of find. 1116 111720130726: 1118 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 1119 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 1120 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 1121 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 1122 subdirectories must be reviewed. 1123 112420130716: 1125 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 1126 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 1127 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1128 1129 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 1130 1131 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 1132 users are advised to upgrade. 1133 113420130709: 1135 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 1136 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 1137 113820130709: 1139 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 1140 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 1141 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 1142 114320130618: 1144 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 1145 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 1146 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 1147 write access to that file. 1148 114920130615: 1150 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 1151 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 1152 115320130613: 1154 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 1155 1156 make: illegal option -- J 1157 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 1158 ... 1159 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 1160 1161 this likely due to an old instance of make in 1162 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 1163 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 1164 you see the above error: 1165 1166 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 1167 1168 should resolve it. 1169 117020130516: 1171 Use bmake by default. 1172 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 1173 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 1174 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 1175 1176 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 1177 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 1178 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 1179 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 1180 behavior in parallel build. 1181 118220130429: 1183 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 1184 118520130426: 1186 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 1187 the IDEA patent expired. 1188 118920130426: 1190 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 1191 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 1192 enabled by default. 1193 119420130425: 1195 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 1196 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 1197 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 1198 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 1199 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 1200 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 1201 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 1202 && make install). 1203 120420130404: 1205 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 1206 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 1207 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 1208 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 1209 and removed. 1210 121120130319: 1212 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 1213 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 1214 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 1215 binaries will not work on older kernels. 1216 121720130308: 1218 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 1219 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 1220 122120130304: 1222 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 1223 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 1224 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 1225 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 1226 is requested. 1227 1228 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 1229 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 1230 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 1231 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 1232 in /boot/loader.conf. 1233 123420130301: 1235 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 1236 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 1237 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 1238 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 1239 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 1240 124120130208: 1242 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 1243 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 1244 1245 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1246 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1247 124820130129: 1249 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 1250 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 1251 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 1252 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 1253 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 1254 125520130121: 1256 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 1257 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 1258 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 1259 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 1260 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 1261 /etc/src.conf. 1262 126320130118: 1264 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 1265 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 1266 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 1267 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 1268 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 1269 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 1270 use is expected to be extremely rare. 1271 127220121223: 1273 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 1274 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 1275 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 1276 127720121222: 1278 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 1279 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 1280 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 1281 be updated. 1282 128320121217: 1284 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 1285 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 1286 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 1287 1288 savecore_flags="" 1289 129020121201: 1291 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 1292 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1293 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1294 129520121117: 1296 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 1297 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 1298 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 1299 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 1300 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 1301 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 1302 130320121105: 1304 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 1305 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 1306 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 1307 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 1308 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 1309 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 1310 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 1311 branch point). 1312 131320121102: 1314 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 1315 functionality now turned on by default. 1316 131720121023: 1318 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 1319 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 1320 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 1321 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 1322 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 1323 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 1324 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 1325 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 1326 of the two kernel options. 1327 132820121023: 1329 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 1330 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 1331 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 1332 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 1333 133420121022: 1335 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 1336 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 1337 recompiled. 1338 133920121018: 1340 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 1341 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 1342 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 1343 134420121016: 1345 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 1346 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 1347 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 1348 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 1349 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 1350 135120121015: 1352 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 1353 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 1354 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 1355 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 1356 135720121014: 1358 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 1359 136020121013: 1361 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 1362 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 1363 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 1364 knob has also gone. 1365 136620121006: 1367 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 1368 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 1369 with new kernel. 1370 137120121001: 1372 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 1373 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 1374 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 1375 137620120913: 1377 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 1378 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 1379 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 1380 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 1381 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 1382 configurations. 1383 138420120908: 1385 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 1386 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 1387 138820120828: 1389 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 1390 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 1391 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 1392 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 1393 manual page. 1394 139520120727: 1396 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 1397 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 1398 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 1399 140020120712: 1401 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 1402 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 1403 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 1404 140520120712: 1406 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 1407 with other variables: 1408 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 1409 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 1410 141120120628: 1412 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 1413 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 1414 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 1415 installed as "bsdsort". 1416 141720120611: 1418 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 1419 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 1420 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 1421 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 1422 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 1423 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 1424 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 1425 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1426 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1427 142820120417: 1429 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 1430 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 1431 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 1432 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 1433 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 1434 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 1435 NAMESPACE section). 1436 143720120328: 1438 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 1439 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 1440 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 1441 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 1442 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 1443 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 1444 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 1445 144620120306: 1447 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 1448 platforms. 1449 145020120229: 1451 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 1452 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 1453 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 1454 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 1455 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 1456 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 1457 145820120211: 1459 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 1460 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 1461 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 1462 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 1463 comes from 20111215. 1464 146520120114: 1466 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 1467 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 1468 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 1469 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 1470 1471 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 1472 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 1473 147420120109: 1475 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 1476 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 1477 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 1478 tunable/sysctl. 1479 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 1480 148120111215: 1482 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 1483 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 1484 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 1485 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 1486 not supported anymore. 1487 1488 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 1489 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 1490 need to be recompiled. 1491 149220111122: 1493 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 1494 /dev/wmistat0. 1495 149620111108: 1497 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 1498 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 1499 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 1500 time. 1501 150220111101: 1503 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 1504 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 1505 150620110930: 1507 sysinstall has been removed 1508 150920110923: 1510 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1511 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 1512 1513COMMON ITEMS: 1514 1515 General Notes 1516 ------------- 1517 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1518 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1519 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1520 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1521 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1522 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1523 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1524 1525 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1526 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1527 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1528 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1529 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1530 1531 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1532 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1533 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1534 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1535 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1536 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgade from 1537 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1538 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1539 an exception. 1540 1541 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1542 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1543 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1544 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1545 1546 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1547 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1548 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1549 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1550 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1551 should write them with this in mind. 1552 1553 ZFS notes 1554 --------- 1555 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1556 these two steps: 1557 1558 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1559 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1560 1561 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1562 1563 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1564 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1565 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1566 1567 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1568 1569 To build a kernel 1570 ----------------- 1571 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1572 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1573 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1574 1575 make kernel-toolchain 1576 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1577 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1578 1579 To test a kernel once 1580 --------------------- 1581 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1582 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1583 debugging information) run 1584 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1585 nextboot -k testkernel 1586 1587 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1588 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1589 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1590 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1591 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1592 1593 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1594 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1595 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1596 make depend 1597 make 1598 make install 1599 1600 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1601 1602 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1603 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1604 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1605 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1606 1607 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1608 make buildworld 1609 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1610 [1] 1611 <reboot in single user> [3] 1612 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1613 make installworld 1614 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1615 make delete-old [6] 1616 <reboot> 1617 1618 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1619 -------------------------------------------------- 1620 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1621 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1622 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1623 # size. 1624 1625 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1626 <boot into -stable> 1627 make buildworld 1628 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1629 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1630 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1631 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1632 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1633 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1634 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1635 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1636 <reboot into current> 1637 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1638 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1639 <reboot> 1640 1641 1642 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1643 ---------------------------------------------- 1644 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1645 make buildworld [9] 1646 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1647 [1] 1648 <reboot in single user> [3] 1649 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1650 make installworld 1651 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1652 make delete-old [6] 1653 <reboot> 1654 1655 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1656 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1657 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1658 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1659 the UPDATING entries. 1660 1661 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1662 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1663 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1664 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1665 much fewer pitfalls. 1666 1667 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1668 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1669 system on reboot. 1670 1671 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1672 fsck -p 1673 mount -u / 1674 mount -a 1675 cd src 1676 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1677 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1678 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1679 1680 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1681 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1682 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1683 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1684 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1685 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1686 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1687 1688 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1689 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1690 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1691 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1692 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1693 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1694 1695 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1696 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1697 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1698 1699 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1700 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1701 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1702 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1703 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1704 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1705 1706 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1707 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1708 1709 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1710 cvs prune empty directories. 1711 1712 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1713 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1714 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1715 1716 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1717 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1718 warn if it is improperly defined. 1719FORMAT: 1720 1721This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1722breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1723list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1724If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1725to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1726 1727Copyright information: 1728 1729Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1730 1731Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1732modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1733document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1734 1735THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1736IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1737WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1738DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1739INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1740(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1741SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1742HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1743STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1744IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1745POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1746 1747Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1748this document. 1749 1750$FreeBSD$ 1751