1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110218: 26 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 27 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 28 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 29 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 30 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 31 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 32 3320110218: 34 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 35 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 36 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 37 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 38 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 39 authentication). 40 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 41 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 42 4320110207: 44 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 45 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 46 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 47 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 48 The function remains undocumented. 49 5020110112: 51 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 52 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 53 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 54 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 55 systems where the define is not present can check against 56 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 57 58 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 59 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 60 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 61 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 62 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 63 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 64 6520110103: 66 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 67 the following warning: 68 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 69 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 70 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 71 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 72 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 73 install it on your system. 74 75 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 76 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 77 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 78 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 79 8020101228: 81 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 82 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 83 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 84 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 85 be recompiled. 86 8720101114: 88 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 89 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 90 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 91 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 92 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 93 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 94 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 95 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 96 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 97 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 98 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 99 it, for example via: 100 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 101 102 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 103 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 104 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 105 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 106 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 107 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 108 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 109 110 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 111 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 112 11320101111: 114 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 115 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 116 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 117 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 118 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 119 12020101002: 121 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 122 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 123 migrate local entries to the new format. 124 12520100928: 126 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 127 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 128 upstream sshd. 129 13020100915: 131 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 132 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 133 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 134 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 135 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 136 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 137 13820100913: 139 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 140 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 141 142 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 143 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 144 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 145 default is "AUTO". 146 147 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 148 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 149 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 150 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 151 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 152 153 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 154 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 155 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 156 15720100913: 158 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 159 now i386 and amd64 only. 160 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 161 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 162 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 163 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 164 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 165 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 166 16720100725: 168 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 169 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 170 17120100722: 172 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 173 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 174 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 175 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 176 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 177 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 178 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 179 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 180 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 181 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 182 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 183 18420100713: 185 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 186 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 187 machine powerpc powerpc 188 189 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 190 after this change. 191 19220100713: 193 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 194 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 195 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 196 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 197 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 198 19920100429: 200 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 201 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 202 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 203 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 204 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 205 20620100402: 207 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 208 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 209 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 210 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 211 WITH_CTF=yes"). 212 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 213 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 214 to unwanted behavior. 215 21620100311: 217 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 218 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 219 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 220 be modified accordingly. 221 22220100113: 223 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 224 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 225 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 226 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 227 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 228 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 229 230 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 231 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 232 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 233 use of utmpx. 234 235 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 236 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 237 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 238 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 239 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 240 24120100108: 242 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 243 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 244 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 245 24620091202: 247 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 248 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 249 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 250 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 251 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 252 253 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 254 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 255 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 256 257 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 258 25920091125: 260 8.0-RELEASE. 261 26220091113: 263 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 264 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 265 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 266 operation of applications on the console. 267 268 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 269 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 270 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 271 cons25. 272 273 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 274 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 275 performed by syscons(4). 276 27720091109: 278 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 279 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 280 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 281 282 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 283 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 284 new structure. 285 28620091025: 287 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 288 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 289 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 290 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 291 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 292 iwn5150fw. 293 29420090926: 295 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 296 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 297 298 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 299 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 300 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 301 302 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 303 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 304 305 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 306 they are obsolete. 307 308 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 309 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 310 311 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 312 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 313 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 314 315 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 316 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 317 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 318 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 319 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 320 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 321 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 322 using ifconfig(8) like: 323 324 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 325 326 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 327 IPv6-preferred. 328 329 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 330 331 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 332 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 333 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 334 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 335 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 336 33720090922: 338 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 339 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 340 34120090912: 342 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 343 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 344 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 345 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 346 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 347 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 348 34920090910: 350 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 351 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 352 35320090825: 354 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 355 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 356 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 357 is 1000. 358 35920090813: 360 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 361 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 362 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 363 36420090803: 365 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 366 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 367 36820090719: 369 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 370 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 371 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 372 37320090714: 374 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 375 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 376 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 377 37820090713: 379 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 380 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 381 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 382 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 383 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 384 38520090712: 386 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 387 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 388 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 389 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 390 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 391 39220090630: 393 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 394 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 395 may need to be adjusted. 396 39720090629: 398 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 399 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 400 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 401 with routing sockets. 402 40320090628: 404 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 405 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 406 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 407 40820090624: 409 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 410 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 411 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 412 800100. 413 41420090622: 415 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 416 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 417 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 418 41920090619: 420 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 421 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 422 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 423 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 424 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 425 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 426 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 427 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 428 429 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 430 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 431 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 432 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 433 authentication method is used. 434 43520090616: 436 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 437 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 438 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 439 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 440 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 441 44220090613: 443 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 444 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 445 44620090611: 447 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 448 be rebuilt. 449 45020090608: 451 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 452 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 453 45420090602: 455 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 456 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 457 45820090601: 459 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 460 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 461 re-compiled. 462 46320090601: 464 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 465 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 466 rebuilt. 467 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 468 46920090530: 470 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 471 more valid. 472 47320090530: 474 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 475 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 476 47720090529: 478 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 479 rebuilt. 480 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 481 48220090528: 483 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 484 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 485 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 486 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 487 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 488 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 489 49020090527: 491 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 492 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 493 49420090523: 495 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 496 need to be rebuilt. 497 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 498 49920090523: 500 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 501 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 502 50320090520: 504 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 505 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 506 50720090520: 508 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 509 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 510 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 511 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 512 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 513 51420090430: 515 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 516 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 517 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 518 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 519 correctly checking networking state from userland. 520 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 521 52220090429: 523 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 524 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 525 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 526 follows the IPv4 implementation. 527 528 For kernel developers: 529 530 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 531 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 532 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 533 534 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 535 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 536 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 537 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 538 539 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 540 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 541 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 542 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 543 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 544 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 545 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 546 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 547 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 548 multicast membership on-link. 549 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 550 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 551 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 552 553 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 554 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 555 stack. 556 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 557 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 558 semantics. 559 560 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 561 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 562 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 563 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 564 565 For application developers: 566 567 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 568 stack. 569 570 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 571 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 572 573 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 574 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 575 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 576 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 577 578 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 579 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 580 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 581 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 582 Multicast Source Filters'. 583 584 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 585 586 For systems administrators: 587 588 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 589 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 590 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 591 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 592 returned by getifaddrs(3). 593 594 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 595 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 596 597 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 598 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 599 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 600 recommended for optimal system performance. 601 602 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 603 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 604 back forwarded datagrams. 605 606 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 607 60820090422: 609 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 610 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 611 61220090419: 613 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 614 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 615 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 616 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 617 61820090415: 619 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 620 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 621 state will require a world rebuild. 622 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 623 62420090415: 625 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 626 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 627 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 628 62920090414: 630 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 631 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 632 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 633 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 634 load balancing. 635 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 636 63720090408: 638 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 639 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 640 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 641 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 642 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 643 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 644 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 645 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 646 64720090407: 648 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 649 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 650 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 651 65220090320: 653 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 654 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 655 introduces some changes: 656 657 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 658 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 659 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 660 661 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 662 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 663 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 664 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 665 666 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 667 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 668 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 669 the "386BSD" type). 670 671 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 672 67320090319: 674 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 675 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 676 (supported by sane). 677 67820090319: 679 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 680 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 681 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 682 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 683 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 684 68520090315: 686 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 687 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 688 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 689 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 690 used. 691 69220090313: 693 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 694 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 695 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 696 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 697 69820090313: 699 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 700 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 701 70220090309: 703 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 704 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 705 706 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 707 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 708 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 709 710 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 711 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 712 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 713 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 714 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 715 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 716 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 717 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 718 719 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 720 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 721 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 722 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 723 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 724 to preserve the existing behaviour. 725 726 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 727 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 728 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 729 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 730 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 731 732 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 733 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 734 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 735 via IGMP. 736 737 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 738 recompiled to reflect this. 739 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 740 74120090309: 742 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 743 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 744 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 745 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 746 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 747 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 748 74920090302: 750 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 751 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 752 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 753 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 754 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 755 raised to allow such segments to be created. 756 75720090301: 758 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 759 network device driver modules. 760 76120090227: 762 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 763 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 764 76520090223: 766 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 767 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 768 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 769 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 770 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 771 apply. 772 77320090217: 774 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 775 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 776 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 777 use the new name. 778 77920090216: 780 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 781 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 782 add 783 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 784 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 785 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 786 78720090215: 788 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 789 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 790 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 791 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 792 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 793 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 794 795 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 796 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 797 be used for this: 798 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 799 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 800 80120090209: 802 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 803 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 804 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 805 80620090203: 807 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 808 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 809 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 810 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 811 same interface. 812 81320090201: 814 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 815 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 816 81720090119: 818 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 819 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 820 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 821 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 822 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 823 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 824 82520090115: 826 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 827 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 828 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 829 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 830 83120081225: 832 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 833 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 834 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 835 in next mpd5.3 release. 836 83720081219: 838 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 839 the base system (it was a port). 840 84120081216: 842 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 843 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 844 84520081214: 846 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 847 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 848 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 849 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 850 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 851 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 852 none of the L2 information. 853 85420081130: 855 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 856 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 857 858 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 859 860 to their kernel config files when specifying: 861 862 device ath_hal 863 864 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 865 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 866 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 867 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 868 86920081121: 870 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 871 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 872 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 873 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 874 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 875 packets. 876 87720081117: 878 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 879 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 880 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 881 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 882 88320081028: 884 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 885 88620081009: 887 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 888 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 889 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 890 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 891 controller add the following to loader.conf: 892 893 uhci_load="YES" 894 ehci_load="YES" 895 89620081009: 897 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 898 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 899 sync. 900 90120081009: 902 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 903 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 904 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 905 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 906 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 907 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 908 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 909 91020080820: 911 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 912 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 913 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 914 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 915 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 916 917 PCI/ISA: 918 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 919 920 USB: 921 ubser, ucycom 922 923 Line disciplines: 924 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 925 926 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 927 cause compilation to fail. 928 92920080818: 930 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 931 93220080801: 933 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 934 935 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 936 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 937 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 938 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 939 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 940 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 941 accepting the RSA key. 942 943 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 944 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 945 command line. 946 947 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 948 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 949 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 950 behavior. 951 95220080713: 953 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 954 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 955 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 956 957 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 958 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 959 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 960 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 961 use the new device names. 962 963 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 964 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 965 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 966 at the loader prompt: 967 968 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 969 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 970 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 971 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 972 boot -s 973 97420080609: 975 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 976 disks instead. 977 97820080603: 979 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 980 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 981 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 982 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 983 98420080525: 985 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 986 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 987 98820080509: 989 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 990 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 991 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 992 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 993 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 994 99520080420: 996 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 997 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 998 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 999 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1000 For example, change: 1001 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1002 to 1003 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1004 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1005 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1006 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1007 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1008 1009 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1010 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1011 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1012 101320080408: 1014 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1015 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1016 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1017 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1018 other operation levels. 1019 102020080312: 1021 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1022 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1023 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1024 compatibility with any prior release: 1025 1026 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1027 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1028 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1029 103020080301: 1031 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1032 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1033 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1034 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1035 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1036 nonetheless. 1037 103820080229: 1039 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1040 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1041 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1042 with older hardware easier to do. 1043 104420080220: 1045 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1046 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1047 104820080211: 1049 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1050 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1051 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1052 firewall rules. 1053 105420080208: 1055 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1056 mbuf chains. 1057 105820080126: 1059 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1060 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1061 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1062 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1063 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1064 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1065 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1066 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1067 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1068 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1069 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1070 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1071 107220080123: 1073 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1074 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1075 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1076 107720071128: 1078 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1079 functionality is the default now. 1080 108120071118: 1082 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1083 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1084 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1085 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1086 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1087 1088 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1089 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1090 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1091 109220071024: 1093 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1094 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1095 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1096 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1097 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1098 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1099 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1100 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1101 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1102 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1103 however. 1104 110520071020: 1106 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1107 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1108 used kproc_start().. 1109 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1110 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1111 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1112 111320071010: 1114 RELENG_7 branched. 1115 1116COMMON ITEMS: 1117 1118 General Notes 1119 ------------- 1120 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1121 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1122 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1123 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1124 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1125 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1126 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1127 1128 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1129 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1130 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1131 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1132 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1133 1134 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1135 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1136 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1137 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1138 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1139 1140 ZFS notes 1141 --------- 1142 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1143 these two steps: 1144 1145 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1146 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1147 1148 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1149 1150 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1151 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1152 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1153 1154 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1155 1156 To build a kernel 1157 ----------------- 1158 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1159 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1160 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1161 1162 make kernel-toolchain 1163 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1164 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1165 1166 To test a kernel once 1167 --------------------- 1168 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1169 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1170 debugging information) run 1171 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1172 nextboot -k testkernel 1173 1174 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1175 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1176 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1177 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1178 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1179 1180 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1181 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1182 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1183 make depend 1184 make 1185 make install 1186 1187 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1188 1189 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1190 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1191 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1192 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1193 1194 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1195 make buildworld 1196 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1197 [1] 1198 <reboot in single user> [3] 1199 mergemaster -p [5] 1200 make installworld 1201 mergemaster -i [4] 1202 make delete-old [6] 1203 <reboot> 1204 1205 1206 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1207 -------------------------------------------------- 1208 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1209 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1210 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1211 # size. 1212 1213 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1214 <boot into -stable> 1215 make buildworld 1216 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1217 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1218 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1219 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1220 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1221 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1222 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1223 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1224 <reboot into current> 1225 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1226 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1227 <reboot> 1228 1229 1230 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1231 ---------------------------------------------- 1232 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1233 make buildworld [9] 1234 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1235 [1] 1236 <reboot in single user> [3] 1237 mergemaster -p [5] 1238 make installworld 1239 mergemaster -i [4] 1240 make delete-old [6] 1241 <reboot> 1242 1243 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1244 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1245 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1246 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1247 the UPDATING entries. 1248 1249 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1250 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1251 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1252 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1253 much fewer pitfalls. 1254 1255 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1256 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1257 system on reboot. 1258 1259 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1260 fsck -p 1261 mount -u / 1262 mount -a 1263 cd src 1264 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1265 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1266 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1267 1268 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1269 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1270 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1271 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1272 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1273 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1274 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1275 1276 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1277 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1278 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1279 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1280 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1281 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1282 1283 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1284 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1285 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1286 1287 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1288 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1289 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1290 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1291 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1292 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1293 1294 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1295 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1296 1297 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1298 cvs prune empty directories. 1299 1300 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1301 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1302 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1303 1304 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1305 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1306 warn if it is improperly defined. 1307FORMAT: 1308 1309This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1310breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1311and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1312previous releases if your system is older than this. 1313 1314Copyright information: 1315 1316Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1317 1318Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1319modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1320document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1321 1322THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1323IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1324WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1325DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1326INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1327(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1328SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1329HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1330STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1331IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1332POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1333 1334Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1335this document. 1336 1337$FreeBSD$ 1338