xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 10b59a9b4add0320d52c15ce057dd697261e7dfc)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook.
8
9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
10/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
11
12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW:
13	FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
14	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
15	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
16	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
17	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
18	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
19	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
20	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
21	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
22	machines to maximize performance.  (To disable malloc debugging, run
23	ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.)
24
2520111108:
26	The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
27	explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
28	It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
29	time.
30
3120111101:
32	The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
33	i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
34
3520110930:
36	sysinstall has been removed
37
3820110923:
39	The stable/9 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
40	RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
41
4220110913:
43	This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
44	calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
45	The first time a system is booted after this change, the
46	vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
47	main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
48	for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
49	It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
50	systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
51	To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
52	until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
53
5420110828:
55	Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
56	do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
57	to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
58	Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
59
6020110815:
61	During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
62	This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
63	issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
64	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
65
66	Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
67	special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
68	Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
69
7020110628:
71	The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
72	You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
73	This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
74	versions.  Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
75
7620110608:
77	The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
78		machdep.hlt_cpus
79		machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
80	The following sysctl is retired:
81		machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
82	The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
83	online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
84	been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
85	machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
86	hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
87	Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
88	where X is an APIC ID of a CPU.  Be advised, though, that disabling
89	CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
90	may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
91	a default scheduler.
92
9320110607:
94	cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
95	a mask of CPUs.
96
9720110531:
98	Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
99	that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later.  Make sure to
100	follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
101	world.
102
10320110513:
104	Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
105
10620110503:
107	Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
108	the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
109	This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
110	drivers need to be recompiled.
111
112	Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
113	was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
114	i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
115	handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
116	branches.
117
11820110430:
119	Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
120	into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
121
12220110427:
123	The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
124	is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
125	Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
126	changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
127	commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
128	mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
129	kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
130	file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
131	NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
132	To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
133	a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
134
135	vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
136
137	in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
138	a diskless root fs use the old client.
139
14020110424:
141	The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
142	CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
143	removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
144	ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
145	them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
146	where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
147	in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
148	see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
149	old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
150	compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
151	not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
152	in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
153
154	It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
155	but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
156	module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
157	still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
158	and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
159	Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
160	scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
161	them are parts of the cam module.
162
163	ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
164	To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
165	for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
166
167	No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
168	arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
169	In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
170	    options        ATA_CAM
171	    device         ahci
172	    device         mvs
173	    device         siis
174	, and instead add back:
175	    device         atadisk         # ATA disk drives
176	    device         ataraid         # ATA RAID drives
177	    device         atapicd         # ATAPI CDROM drives
178	    device         atapifd         # ATAPI floppy drives
179	    device         atapist         # ATAPI tape drives
180
18120110423:
182	The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
183	was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
184	back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
185	both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
186	mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
187	update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
188
18920110418:
190	The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
191	related components have been removed from the base system.  If you
192	require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
193
19420110331:
195	ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
196	the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
197	contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
198	contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
199	in order to use ath on everything else.
200
201	TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
202	need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
203
20420110314:
205	As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
206	release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
207	release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
208
20920110218:
210	GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD.  This
211	is the last available version under GPLv2.  It brings a number of new
212	features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
213	4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
214	directives, and lots of other small improvements.  See the ChangeLog
215	file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
216
21720110218:
218	IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
219	compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
220	This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
221	actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
222	draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
223	authentication).
224	The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
225	algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
226
22720110207:
228	Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol.  This function has
229	been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
230	globally exposed with this name.  The equivalent functionality
231	is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
232	The function remains undocumented.
233
23420110112:
235	A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
236	symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD.  Type checking
237	for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled.  Code that needs
238	UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
239	systems where the define is not present can check against
240	__FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
241
242	The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
243	in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
244	with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
245	a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
246	will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
247	are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
248
24920110103:
250	If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
251	the following warning:
252	"Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
253	unknown.  config(8) likely too old."
254	or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
255	to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
256	stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
257	install it on your system.
258
259	Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
260	between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
261	error in the first kernel build phase.  A new config on those old
262	systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
263
26420101228:
265	The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
266	it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
267	control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
268	rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
269	be recompiled.
270
27120101114:
272	Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
273	added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
274	with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
275	to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations.  This
276	means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
277	support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
278	media option.  This was implemented in the generic support that way in
279	order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
280	with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
281	from unwanted effects.  Consequently, if you used flow control with
282	one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
283	it, for example via:
284		ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
285
286	Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
287	1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
288	e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
289	advantage of it.  This means that these drivers now no longer take the
290	link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
291	has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
292		ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
293
294	Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
295	drivers supporting 1000baseT.
296
29720101111:
298	The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
299	modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
300	congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
301	space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
302	sockstat) need to be recompiled.
303
30420101002:
305	The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
306	uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
307	migrate local entries to the new format.
308
30920100928:
310	The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
311	new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
312	upstream sshd.
313
31420100915:
315	A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
316	so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
317	revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
318	on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
319	A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
320	set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
321
32220100913:
323	The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
324	$ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
325
326	The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
327	address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8).  A value
328	"ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified.  The
329	default is "AUTO".
330
331	The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
332	flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
333	corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line.  The default is "NO" for
334	security reason.  If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
335	interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
336
337	The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
338	ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
339	ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
340
34120100913:
342	DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
343	now i386 and amd64 only.
344	dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
345	kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
346	No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
347	userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
348	'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
349	to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
350
35120100725:
352	The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
353	aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
354
35520100722:
356	BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
357	default.  It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
358	less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
359	However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
360	noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
361	but not significant.  The reason is complex, the most important factor
362	is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
363	overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally.  Future work
364	on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
365	users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
366	setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
367
36820100713:
369	Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
370	configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
371	    machine powerpc powerpc
372
373	In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
374	after this change.
375
37620100713:
377	A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
378	This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
379	zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
380	For full functionality of these commands the following port must
381	be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
382
38320100429:
384	'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
385	Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
386	time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
387	of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
388	and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
389
39020100402:
391	WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
392	are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
393	affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
394	compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
395	WITH_CTF=yes").
396	When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
397	so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
398	to unwanted behavior.
399
40020100311:
401	The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
402	to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
403	configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
404	be modified accordingly.
405
40620100113:
407	The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
408	the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
409	Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
410	making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
411	The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
412	last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
413
414	All applications in the base system use utmpx.  This means only
415	local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
416	utmp database files.  These applications must be rebuilt to make
417	use of utmpx.
418
419	After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
420	log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
421	assuming their contents is of no importance anymore.  Old wtmp
422	databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
423	been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
424
42520100108:
426	Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
427	via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
428	sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
429
43020091202:
431	The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
432	rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
433	According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
434	variables are obsoleted.  Instead, the following new rc
435	variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
436
437		firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
438		firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
439		firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
440
441	The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
442
44320091125:
444	8.0-RELEASE.
445
44620091113:
447	The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
448	from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98.  This means
449	that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
450	operation of applications on the console.
451
452	The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
453	vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag.  The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
454	options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
455	cons25.
456
457	To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
458	variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
459	performed by syscons(4).
460
46120091109:
462	The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
463	Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
464	from net80211 need to be recompiled.
465
466	Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
467	build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
468	new structure.
469
47020091025:
471	The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
472	There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
473	to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
474	images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
475	your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
476	iwn5150fw.
477
47820090926:
479	The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
480	into rc.d/netif.  The changes are the following:
481
482	1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
483	   for IPv4.  For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
484	   Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
485
486	   Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
487	   understand what you are doing.  It is not needed in most cases.
488
489	   $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
490	   they are obsolete.
491
492	2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete.  Use $ipv6_prefer and
493	   "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
494
495	   If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
496	   all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
497	   $ifconfig_IF_ipv6.  These are for backward compatibility.
498
499	3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added.  If NO, IPv6
500	   functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
501	   $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
502	   and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
503	   is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
504	   Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
505	   disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
506	   using ifconfig(8) like:
507
508		ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
509
510	   If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
511	   IPv6-preferred.
512
513	   The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
514
515	4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
516	   define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6.  The rc(8)
517	   scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
518	   UP.  The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
519	   (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
520
52120090922:
522	802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
523	previous code, which was based on D3.0.
524
52520090912:
526	A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
527	of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
528	control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
529	Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
530	a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
531	The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
532
53320090910:
534	ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
535	mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
536
53720090825:
538	The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
539	hw.bus.devctl_queue.  hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
540	replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0.  The default for this new tunable
541	is 1000.
542
54320090813:
544	Remove the option STOP_NMI.  The default action is now to use NMI only
545	for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
546	maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
547
54820090803:
549	The stable/8 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
550	RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
551
55220090719:
553	Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
554	use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.  Bump
555	__FreeBSD_version to 800105.
556
55720090714:
558	Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
559	all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.  As this change
560	breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
561
56220090713:
563	The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
564	struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
565	The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
566	needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
567	the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
568
56920090712:
570	Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
571	<netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
572	maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
573	__FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
574	any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
575
57620090630:
577	The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
578	RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
579	may need to be adjusted.
580
58120090629:
582	The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
583	removed.  All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
584	routing sockets.  The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
585	with routing sockets.
586
58720090628:
588	The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
589	FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
590	the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
591
59220090624:
593	The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
594	changed.  As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
595	options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to
596	800100.
597
59820090622:
599	Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
600	moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled.  Bump
601	__FreeBSD_version to 800099.
602
60320090619:
604	NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
605	respectively.  As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
606	no changes should be visible.  When more than 16 groups are used, old
607	binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
608	statically sized storage.  Recompiling will work around this, but
609	applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
610	for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
611	number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
612
613	NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
614	truncated to 16.  Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
615	take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
616	file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
617	authentication method is used.
618
61920090616:
620	The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.  This
621	option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
622	which want to enable it.  The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
623	LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
624	spinning when both held in write and read mode.
625
62620090613:
627	The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
628	changed.  User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
629
63020090611:
631	The layout of struct thread has changed.  Kernel and modules need to
632	be rebuilt.
633
63420090608:
635	The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
636	Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
637
63820090602:
639	window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
640	installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
641
64220090601:
643	The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
644	changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
645	re-compiled.
646
64720090601:
648	A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8.  Network
649	file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
650	rebuilt.
651	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
652
65320090530:
654	Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
655	more valid.
656
65720090530:
658	Add VOP_ACCESSX(9).  File system modules need to be rebuilt.
659	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
660
66120090529:
662	Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'.  File system modules need to be
663	rebuilt.
664	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
665
66620090528:
667	The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
668	introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
669	The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
670	SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
671	been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
672	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
673
67420090527:
675	Add support for hierarchical jails.  Remove global securelevel.
676	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
677
67820090523:
679	The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
680	need to be rebuilt.
681	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
682
68320090523:
684	The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
685	run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
686
68720090520:
688	The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
689	hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
690
69120090520:
692	802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
693	Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
694	of DLT_IEEE802_11.  No user-visible data structures were changed but
695	applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
696	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
697
69820090430:
699	The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
700	socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
701	vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw.  Most modules need to be rebuild or
702	panics may be experienced.  World rebuild is required for
703	correctly checking networking state from userland.
704	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
705
70620090429:
707	MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
708	to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
709	The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
710	follows the IPv4 implementation.
711
712	For kernel developers:
713
714	* The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
715	  ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
716	  and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
717
718	* As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
719	  of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
720	  protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
721	  SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
722
723	* The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
724	  the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
725	   * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
726	   * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
727	     are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
728	   * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
729	   * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
730	     for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
731	     jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
732	     multicast membership on-link.
733	   * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
734	     its report transmissions.  However, the 'timer' argument is
735	     preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
736
737	* The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
738	  been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
739	  stack.
740	  Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
741	  internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
742	  semantics.
743
744	* There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
745	  acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
746	  Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
747	  implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
748
749	For application developers:
750
751	* The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
752	  stack.
753
754	* The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
755	  socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
756
757	* There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
758	  IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
759	  before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
760	  use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
761
762	* The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
763	  API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
764	  using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
765	  please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
766	  Multicast Source Filters'.
767
768	* Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
769
770	For systems administrators:
771
772	* The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
773	  addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
774	  as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
775	  will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
776	  returned by getifaddrs(3).
777
778	* The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
779	  endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
780
781	* The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
782	  loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
783	  to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
784	  recommended for optimal system performance.
785
786	* The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
787	  instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
788	  back forwarded datagrams.
789
790	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
791
79220090422:
793	Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
794	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
795
79620090419:
797	The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
798	memory allocation types, has changed.  Most modules will need to
799	be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
800	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
801
80220090415:
803	Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
804	This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
805	state will require a world rebuild.
806	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
807
80820090415:
809	Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
810	embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
811	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
812
81320090414:
814	The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
815	Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
816	The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
817	of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
818	load balancing.
819	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
820
82120090408:
822	Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
823	apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
824	re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
825	kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
826	not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
827	low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
828	interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
829	mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
830
83120090407:
832	The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
833	kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
834	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
835
83620090320:
837	GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
838	replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
839	introduces some changes:
840
841	MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
842	(EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
843	to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
844
845	BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
846	cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
847	disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
848	top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
849
850	General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
851	whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
852	systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
853	the "386BSD" type).
854
855	Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
856
85720090319:
858	The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
859	Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
860	(supported by sane).
861
86220090319:
863	The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
864	only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
865	The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
866	ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
867	compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
868
86920090315:
870	Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
871	removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
872	longer supported.  In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
873	drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
874	used.
875
87620090313:
877	POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
878	a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
879	This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
880	they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
881
88220090313:
883	The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
884	support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
885
88620090309:
887	IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
888	to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
889
890	For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
891	ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
892	and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
893
894	Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
895	inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
896	filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
897	Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
898	multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
899	as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
900	low-level input path.  in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
901	to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
902
903	For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
904	multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
905	will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
906	datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
907	be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
908	to preserve the existing behaviour.
909
910	For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
911	multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
912	that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
913	collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
914	transport protocol input path to check group membership.
915
916	If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
917	it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
918	enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
919	via IGMP.
920
921	The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
922	recompiled to reflect this.
923	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
924
92520090309:
926	libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
927	updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
928	update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
929	rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
930	in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
931	libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
932
93320090302:
934	A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
935	memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
936	Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
937	of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
938	wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
939	raised to allow such segments to be created.
940
94120090301:
942	The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
943	network device driver modules.
944
94520090227:
946	The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
947	buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
948
94920090223:
950	The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
951	module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
952	ums, ...).  The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
953	with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
954	Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
955	apply.
956
95720090217:
958	The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
959	defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
960	customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
961	use the new name.
962
96320090216:
964	xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
965	yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
966	add
967		Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
968	to your ServerLayout section.  This will cause X to use the configured
969	kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
970
97120090215:
972	The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
973	stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
974	problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
975	stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
976	that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
977	eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
978
979	Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
980	redirected to the new stack's libusb20.  /etc/libmap.conf can
981	be used for this:
982		# Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
983		libusb-0.1.so.8	libusb20.so.1
984
98520090209:
986	All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
987	(eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
988	change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
989
99020090203:
991	The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
992	addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
993	All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
994	slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
995	same interface.
996
99720090201:
998	INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
999	netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1000
100120090119:
1002	NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1003	GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1004	will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1005	actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1006	level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1007	"options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1008
100920090115:
1010	TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1011	New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1012	800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1013	tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1014
101520081225:
1016	ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1017	Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1018	New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1019	in next mpd5.3 release.
1020
102120081219:
1022	With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1023	the base system (it was a port).
1024
102520081216:
1026	The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1027	rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1028
102920081214:
1030	__FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1031	RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1032	The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1033	architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1034	applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1035	The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1036	none of the L2 information.
1037
103820081130:
1039	__FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1040	binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1041
1042	options	AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1043
1044	to their kernel config files when specifying:
1045
1046	device	ath_hal
1047
1048	The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1049	together with the driver in the ath module.  It is now
1050	possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1051	and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1052
105320081121:
1054	__FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1055	<machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1056	multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1057	them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1058	enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1059	packets.
1060
106120081117:
1062	A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1063	This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1064	default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1065	and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1066
106720081028:
1068	dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1069
107020081009:
1071	The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1072	been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1073	separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1074	appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1075	controller add the following to loader.conf:
1076
1077		uhci_load="YES"
1078		ehci_load="YES"
1079
108020081009:
1081	The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed.  Please keep
1082	userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1083	sync.
1084
108520081009:
1086	atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1087	driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1088	All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1089	ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1090	atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1091	atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1092	atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1093
109420080820:
1095	The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1096	implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1097	improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1098	the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1099	drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1100
1101	PCI/ISA:
1102		cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1103
1104	USB:
1105		ubser, ucycom
1106
1107	Line disciplines:
1108		ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1109
1110	Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1111	cause compilation to fail.
1112
111320080818:
1114	ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1115
111620080801:
1117	OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1118
1119	For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1120	over RSA for host and user authentication keys.  With this
1121	upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1122	DSA.  This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1123	host keys even for previously known hosts.  Users should
1124	follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1125	accepting the RSA key.
1126
1127	This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1128	option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1129	command line.
1130
1131	Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1132	authentication has been changed as well.  You may want to
1133	specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1134	behavior.
1135
113620080713:
1137	The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1138	kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1139	default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1140
1141	To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1142	uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1143	onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1144	instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1145	use the new device names.
1146
1147	When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1148	/boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1149	If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1150	at the loader prompt:
1151
1152		set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1153		set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1154		set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1155		set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1156		boot -s
1157
115820080609:
1159	The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1160	disks instead.
1161
116220080603:
1163	The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1164	to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1165	please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1166	if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1167
116820080525:
1169	ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1170	update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1171
117220080509:
1173	I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1174	See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1175	This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1176	but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1177	with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1178
117920080420:
1180	The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1181	operation on devices that are capable.  The underlying device
1182	is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1183	cloned with ifconfig.  This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1184	For example, change:
1185		ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1186	to
1187		wlans_ath0=wlan0
1188		ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1189	see rc.conf(5) for more details.  In addition, mergemaster of
1190	/etc/rc.d is highly recommended.  Simultaneous update of userland
1191	and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1192
1193	As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1194	modules were merged into the base wlan module.  All references
1195	to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1196
119720080408:
1198	psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1199	Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1200	be read back from it.  Therefore, an application is responsible
1201	for status validation and error recovery.  It is a no-op in
1202	other operation levels.
1203
120420080312:
1205	Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel.  To
1206	run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1207	be used.  The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1208	compatibility with any prior release:
1209
1210	libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1211	libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1212	libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1213
121420080301:
1215	The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1216	and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1217	kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1218	it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1219	The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1220	nonetheless.
1221
122220080229:
1223	The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1224	82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1225	split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1226	with older hardware easier to do.
1227
122820080220:
1229	The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1230	likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1231
123220080211:
1233	The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1234	increased reliability.  If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1235	mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1236	firewall rules.
1237
123820080208:
1239	Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1240	mbuf chains.
1241
124220080126:
1243	The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1244	integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1245	with huge file trees.  The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1246	through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1247	using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1248	advantage of the extended types.  At the same time, some
1249	third-party software might fail to build after this change
1250	due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1251	fts(3) structure members.  Such software should be fixed
1252	by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1253	FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1254	case that a portable fix is impossible.
1255
125620080123:
1257	To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1258	FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE.  Upgrading to -current
1259	from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1260
126120071128:
1262	The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1263	functionality is the default now.
1264
126520071118:
1266	The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1267	by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1268	keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1269	to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1270	by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1271
1272	Option	"XkbLayout" "us"
1273	Option	"XkbRules" "xorg"
1274	Option	"XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1275
127620071024:
1277	It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1278	backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1279	PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1280	broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1281	20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1282	PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1283	provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1284	IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1285	again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1286	nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1287	however.
1288
128920071020:
1290	The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1291	to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1292	used kproc_start()..
1293	I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1294	with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1295	Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1296
129720071010:
1298	RELENG_7 branched.
1299
1300COMMON ITEMS:
1301
1302	General Notes
1303	-------------
1304	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1305	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1306	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1307	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1308	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1309	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1310	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1311
1312	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1313	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1314	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1315	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1316	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1317
1318	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1319	to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1320	then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1321	path, and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try
1322	this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1323
1324	ZFS notes
1325	---------
1326	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1327	these two steps:
1328
1329	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1330	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1331
1332	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1333
1334	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1335	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1336	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1337
1338	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1339
1340	To build a kernel
1341	-----------------
1342	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1343	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1344	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1345
1346	make kernel-toolchain
1347	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1348	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1349
1350	To test a kernel once
1351	---------------------
1352	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1353	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1354	debugging information) run
1355	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1356	nextboot -k testkernel
1357
1358	To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1359	--------------------------------------------------------------
1360	This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system.  Replace
1361	${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1362	"arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1363
1364	cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1365	config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1366	cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1367	make depend
1368	make
1369	make install
1370
1371	If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1372
1373	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1374	-----------------------------------------------------------
1375	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1376	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1377
1378	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1379	make buildworld
1380	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1381							[1]
1382	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1383	mergemaster -p					[5]
1384	make installworld
1385	mergemaster -i					[4]
1386	make delete-old					[6]
1387	<reboot>
1388
1389
1390	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1391	--------------------------------------------------
1392	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1393	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1394	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1395	# size.
1396
1397	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1398	<boot into -stable>
1399	make buildworld
1400	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1401	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1402	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1403	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1404	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1405	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1406	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1407	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1408	<reboot into current>
1409	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1410	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1411	<reboot>
1412
1413
1414	To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current
1415	----------------------------------------------
1416	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1417	make buildworld					[9]
1418	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
1419							[1]
1420	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1421	mergemaster -p					[5]
1422	make installworld
1423	mergemaster -i					[4]
1424	make delete-old					[6]
1425	<reboot>
1426
1427	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1428	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1429	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1430	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1431	the UPDATING entries.
1432
1433	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1434	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1435	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1436	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1437	much fewer pitfalls.
1438
1439	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1440	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1441	system on reboot.
1442
1443	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1444		fsck -p
1445		mount -u /
1446		mount -a
1447		cd src
1448		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1449	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1450	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1451
1452	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1453	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1454	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1455	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1456	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1457	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1458	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1459
1460	[5] Usually this step is a noop.  However, from time to time
1461	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1462	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1463	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1464	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1465	from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1466
1467	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1468	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1469	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1470
1471	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1472	do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1473	your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1474	hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1475	required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.  And so on
1476	for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1477
1478	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1479	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1480
1481	[9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1482	cvs prune empty directories.
1483
1484	If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1485	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1486	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1487
1488	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1489	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1490	warn if it is improperly defined.
1491FORMAT:
1492
1493This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1494breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1495list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1496If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1497to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1498
1499Copyright information:
1500
1501Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
1502
1503Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1504modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1505document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1506
1507THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1508IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1509WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1510DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1511INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1512(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1513SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1514HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1515STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1516IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1517POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1518
1519Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1520this document.
1521
1522$FreeBSD$
1523