xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 0b381bf1fd8fbb2df974c318d58643ecfeec44b0)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
2
3This file is maintained by imp@village.org.  Please send new entries
4directly to him.  See end of file for further details.  For commonly
5done items, please see the end of the file.  Search for 'COMMON
6ITEMS:'
7
820010530:
9	INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated.  If you want to do this,
10	use COPY=-C instead.  The former method will be supported for only
11	a limited time.  If you see
12
13install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together
14
15	in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using
16	COPY=-C.
17
1820010525:
19	It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again.  However,
20	there may be other problems, so caution is still urged.  alpha
21	definitely is in bad shape.
22
2320010521:
24	Minor repo damanged has happened.  This may cause problems
25	with cvsup of ports.  If you get errors, please see
26	http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495
27	at the bottom for details on a workaround.  The error message
28	is
29Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty
30
3120010520:
32	Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current.  Please be patient.
33
3420010519:
35	pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over
36	the past few days.  Everything should still work, but if
37	not, please contact imp@freebsd.org.
38
3920010517:
40	ata ioctl changed.  Make sure to recompile both kernel and
41	userland at the same time.
42
4320010517:
44	New ncurses imported.
45
4620010512:
47	DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in.  Barring major problems, this
48	will be the only way to go starting July 1.
49
5020010502:
51	Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT.
52
5320010501:
54	Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT.
55
5620010430:
57	The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT.  It is safe to
58	go back in the water.
59
6020010429:
61	A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT.  Don't use kernels after
62	this date, but before the correction date.
63
6420010423:
65	old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed.
66
6720010411:
68	fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations
69	to directory layout.  This breaks backward compatibility.
70	Update only if you understand that you must not use the old
71	fsck with the new kernel ever.
72
7320010330:
74	fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab.
75	Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for
76	details.  It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary.
77
7820010319:
79	portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your
80	current world.  /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes.  nfs and
81	other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work
82	without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netcofnig.
83
8420010315:
85	ata subsystem changes.  ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC
86	and ATA_ENABEL_TAGS are no longer kernel options.  They have
87	been replaced by tunables.  See ata.4 for details.
88
8920010312:
90	The fxp driver was converted to use miibus.  If you compile
91	fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus.
92
9320010312:
94	The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode
95	instead of ad-hoc.
96
9720010310:
98	/dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now.
99	Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std.
100	ssh might not work if you don't.
101
10220010220:
103	The problems with libc have been corrected.  It is now mostly
104	safe to go back into the water.
105
10620010211:
107	The size of FILE was changed.  This breaks upgrading.  If
108	you must upgrade, be prepared for pain.  It also breaks almost
109	all binaries that you've compiled on -current.  You are warned
110	that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0
111	dump of your system.  No, really, I mean it this time.
112
113	To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following
114	workaround.  Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we
115	don't have to move this to the updating section.
116
117	To get around the installworld problem, do:
118		# cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed
119		# make install
120		# cd /usr/src
121		# make installworld
122	If that doesn't work, then try:
123		# make -k installworld
124		# make installworld
125
12620010207:
127	DEVFS is now the default.  If you use vinum, make sure that you
128	do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result.
129
13020010205:
131	FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated.
132	Remove them from your config.
133
13420010122:
135	****************************** WARNING ******************************
136			buildkernel has been changed slightly
137	****************************** WARNING ******************************
138	KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel.  You
139	should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly.
140
14120010119:
142	config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO.
143	This requires a new config to build correctly.
144
14520010116:
146	The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the
147	other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it
148	only had this line.  Remove it for all other configurations.
149
15020010110:
151	Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync.
152
15320010102:
154	Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in
155	/etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit.
156
15720010101:
158	ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h.  If you
159	have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core
160	dump while building termcap.  You can work around this problem
161	by adding -k to your make buildworld.  This will cause the
162	build to complete and install a new vi.  Once that's done, you
163	can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that
164	might have been ignored by the -k option.
165
166	Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your
167	vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports
168	of this working.
169
17020001228:
171	There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current.  The
172	libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed
173	libcrypt is fully functional.  Be aware of this.
174
17520001218:
176	Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver
177	now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line
178	in pccard.conf(5).  This flag is not optional.  These Linksys
179	cards will not be recognized without it.
180
18120001205:
182	Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked
183	in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version.  This requires
184	adding the following in pam.conf:
185
186	sshd    auth    sufficient      pam_skey.so
187	sshd    auth    required        pam_unix.so         try_first_pass
188	sshd    session required        pam_permit.so
189
19020001031:
191	cvs updated to 1.11.
192
19320001020:
194	The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure
195	that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed
196	/dev/random.  If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig,
197	then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one
198	workaround.
199
20020001010:
201	****************************** WARNING ******************************
202				Sendmail has been updated.
203	****************************** WARNING ******************************
204	o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary.
205	o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL
206	  is set.
207	o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY
208	  commands.
209	o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1).
210	o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed
211	  in /usr/share/sendmail/cf.
212	o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names
213
214	More details can be found at
215		http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010
216
21720001009:
218	The ports tree's new layout is in place.  Be sure to update
219	your entire ports tree, or you will have problems.
220
22120001006:
222	The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses
223	the installed miniperl.  It is recommended that you delete
224	/usr/bin/miniperl.
225
22620001005:
227	This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout.
228	It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING
229	file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing
230	lists.  With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole
231	tree for anything to work.
232
23320000928:
234	There was a change in the passwd format.  Need more information.
235
23620000916:
237	/boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken
238	place.  Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the
239	same time as your kernel.
240
24120000914:
242	The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops.  Failure to
243	include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time
244	when they resume.  Include
245		device		pmtimer
246	in your config file and
247		hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa"
248	to your /boot/device.hints file.
249
25020000911:
251	The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device,
252	rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have
253	been updated. You will need to do something similar in your
254	own kernel config file.
255	Remove:
256		options		RANDOMDEV
257	Add:
258		device		random
259	If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do
260	nothing.
261
26220000909:
263	The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to
264	random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to
265	reflect this if you load this module at boot time.
266	The line should read:
267		random_load="YES"
268
26920000907:
270	The SMPNG commit has happened.  It should work, but if it
271	doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag.  There are likely
272	to be a variety of minor issues.  Please see 20000905 to make
273	sure you don't have model loading problems which might at
274	first blush appear related to SMP.
275
27620000906:
277	nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD.  Among other things,
278	this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used.  See
279	nsswitch.conf(5) instead.  Note that at boot time rc.network
280	will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you
281	don't have one, and you have host.conf.
282
28320000905:
284	The ucred structure changed size.  This breaks the interface
285	that mountd uses.  Trying to use an older mountd with a newer
286	kernel guarantees a panic.  This means that you need to use
287	kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you
288	needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes.
289
29020000905:
291	The boot loader has been updated.  The new default kernel is
292	now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko.  The new default module location
293	is /boot/kernel.
294
295	You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time.
296	The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/
297	installkernel/installworld dance.
298
299	Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory
300	before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale
301	modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct
302	path, /boot/kernel.  The most common complaint that this cures
303	is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update.
304
305	if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then
306		mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old
307		chflags noschg /kernel.old
308		mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
309		chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko
310	fi
311
31220000904:
313	A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light.
314	/etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases.  Mergemaster will
315	incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than
316	move the old one from /etc.  So you'll need to manually move the
317	file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and
318	run newaliases.  For safety sake, you should stop sendmail
319	while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email
320	is not likely to be generated.
321
32220000825:
323	/boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to
324	succeed.  You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture
325	into /boot/device.hints.  If and only if you compile hints
326	into your kernel, then this file may be empty.  Please note,
327	if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and
328	you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot
329	messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the
330	kernel.
331
33220000821:
333	If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and
334	you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to
335	/boot/loader.conf.
336
33720000812:
338	suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but
339	with permissions of 511.  If you have applications that use
340	this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true
341	to /etc/make.conf.  If you forget to do this,
342		chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl
343	will fix this until the next build.
344
34520000812:
346	sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0.  Some of the more
347	visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration
348	include:
349	- New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README
350	- newaliases limited to root and trusted users
351	- MSA port (587) turned on by default
352	- New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9
353	- FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl')
354	- FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured
355	- FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial'
356	- mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B
357	- See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info
358
35920000810:
360	suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default.  You must
361	specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build.
362	Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and
363	/usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a
364	specific use for it.
365
36620000729:
367	Networking defaults have been tightened.  Anybody upgrading
368	/etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to
369	/etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup
370	afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course):
371		# Enable network daemons for user convenience.
372		inetd_enable="YES"
373		portmap_enable="YES"
374		sendmail_enable="YES"
375
37620000728:
377	If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you
378	will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES".
379
38020000728:
381	The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if
382	you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL'
383	it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel
384	target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have
385	updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL
386	should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel
387	to /MYKERNEL.
388
38920000711:
390	If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get
391	the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check
392	out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read
393		http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt
394	for details on potential problems that you might have and how
395	to get around them.
396
397	If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the
398	clauses above, you needn't worry.
399
40020000711:
401	/etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of
402	setuid programs that have changed.  You will see a large spike
403	in the number of changed programs the first time when you run
404	mergemaster to get a new /etc/security.
405
40620000710:
407	/dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard
408	and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options
409	RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that
410	`randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do
411	not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently
412	lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange
413	errors. (see below, 20000624).
414
415	FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto.
416
41720000709:
418	phk made the malloc default options AJ.  This may slow things
419	down and uncover other latent bugs in the code.  If you need to
420	run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following:
421		ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf
422
42320000706:
424	libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago.  This
425	has been corrected.  You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6
426	before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair.  It certainly
427	won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure.  It will
428	break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the
429	interim if needed.
430
43120000705:
432	The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup.  This has been done
433	in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at
434	some point in the future.  Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for
435	details.
436
43720000704:
438	With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to
439	set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th.
440
44120000704:
442	rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start
443	or stop.  This may cause some harmless warnings from older
444	rc.d scripts that haven't been updated.
445
44620000630:
447	The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree.
448	Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites,
449	which should be reported to des@freebsd.org.
450
45120000625:
452	From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto
453	system installed in order to build the system and kernel.
454	While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as
455	required and grab the crypto bits.  If you are grabbing CVS
456	trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they
457	were required.  You should check with the latest collections
458	to make sure that these haven't changed.
459
46020000624:
461	Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of
462	/dev/zero, et al.  This is also cleaning up /dev/random.
463	The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD
464	-CURRENT FROM THIS POINT FORWARD for cryptographic services
465	until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress.
466	openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this
467	date to the completion of the work.
468
469	If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add '
470	options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev
471	module.  You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and
472	recreate the random and urandom devices.
473
47420000622:
475	The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause
476	BSD license.  You may need to remove your symbolic links
477	that used to be required when updating.
478
47920000621:
480	Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on
481	the config file update procedure.
482		http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html
483	NOTE: LINT is gone.  It has been replaced with NOTES.  NOTES
484	isn't buildable.  However, you can generate a LINT file.
485
48620000620:
487	Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly.  As soon
488	as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and
489	that workaround will no longer be required.
490
49120000615:
492	phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the
493	ad driver.  If you haven't done so already, you must update
494	your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd
495	devices.
496
497	In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a
498	more modern version, if you haven't already done so.  Modern
499	here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases
500	may work).
501
50220000612:
503	Peter took an axe to config(8).  Be sure that you read his mail
504	on the topic before even thinking about updating.  You will
505	need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive
506	to your config file to compile them in statically.  The format
507	of the config file has changed as well.  Please see GENERIC or
508	NEWCARD for examples of the new format.
509
51020000522:
511	A new set of binutils went into the tree today.  Anybody
512	building a kernel after this point is advised that they need
513	to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a
514	buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel.
515
516	Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf
517	or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core.  It
518	is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem
519	is resolved.
520
52120000513:
522	The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling.
523
52420000510:
525	The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected.
526	This will require some care in updating alphas.  A new libstand
527	is requires for the boot blocks to build properly.
528
52920000503:
530	Recompile all kld modules.  Proper version dependency info
531	is now available.
532
53320000502:
534	Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and
535	connected to the kernel building instead.
536
53720000427:
538	You may need to build gperf
539		cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install
540	when upgrading from 4.0 -> current.  The build system now uses
541	an option only in -current.
542
54320000417:
544	The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more
545	acceptable to the binutils maintainers.  You will need to
546	rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native.  One problem
547	binary is the Linux ldconfig.  After your make world, but
548	before you reboot, you'll need to issue:
549		brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig
550	if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine.
551
55220000320:
553	If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they
554	don't work well.  Use pio mode instead.  The easiest way to
555	cope if you have a problem combination is to add:
556		/sbin/sysctl -w hw.atamodes=pio,pio,pio,pio
557	to the start of /etc/rc.conf.
558
55920000319:
560	The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the
561	options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI.  If you are using old
562	style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must
563	include the appropriate option in your kernel config.  Drivers
564	using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with
565	5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001.
566
56720000318:
568	We've entered the traditional post release dumping party.
569	Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the
570	works.  It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel
571	in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing.
572	Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules
573	that you are loading are up to date.
574
57520000315:
576	If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you
577	need to update your boot blocks as well.  'disklabel -B ad0'
578	will do the trick.  This isn't critical until you remove your
579	wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not
580	boot.
581
58220000315:
583	4.0 RELEASE shipped.  Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how
584	to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x.
585
586COMMON ITEMS:
587
588	General Notes
589	-------------
590	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  From time to time in the
591	past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
592	installworld.  This is especially true when upgrading between
593	"distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
594	or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
595	on the -current branch).
596
597	To build a kernel
598	-----------------
599	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
600	a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a
601	/usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld,
602	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
603	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
604
605	To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
606	--------------------------------------------------------------
607	cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf
608	config KERNEL_NAME_HERE			[1]
609	cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
610	make depend
611	make
612	make install
613
614	[1] If in doubt, -r might help here.
615
616	If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
617
618	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
619	-----------------------------------------------------------
620	make world
621	Build a new kernel, see above.
622
623	To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current
624	-------------------------------------
625	make buildworld
626	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
627	cp src/sys/${MACHINE_ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2]
628	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
629	make installworld
630	mergemaster
631	[1]
632	<reboot>
633
634	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
635	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
636	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
637	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
638	the UPDATING entries.
639
640	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
641	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
642	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
643	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
644	much fewer pitfalls.
645
646	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
647	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
648	system on reboot.
649
650	[2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create
651	your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware
652	configuration.
653
654FORMAT:
655
656This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
657breakages in tracking -current.  Not all things will be listed here,
658and it only starts on March 15, 2000.  Updating files can found in
659previous releases if your system is older than this.
660
661Please filter your entries through Warner Losh (imp@village.org) so
662that the style, formatting, etc of this file can be maintained.
663
664$FreeBSD$
665