xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 0a9ab9f549b413fa2febee9706cf7d4e330f961a)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
19	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
20	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
21	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
25	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
28
2920200613:
30	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
31	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
32	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
33
3420200604:
35	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
36	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
37	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
38	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
39
40	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
41	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
42	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
43	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
44	/root/.shrc.
45
4620200523:
47	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
48	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
49	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
50	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
51
5220200512:
53	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
54	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
55
5620200424:
57	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
58	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
59	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
60	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
61	be functional without closefrom(2).
62
6320200414:
64	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
65	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
66	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
67	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
68	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
69	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
70
7120200310:
72	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
73	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
74	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
75	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
76
7720200309:
78	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
79	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
80	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
81
8220200301:
83	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
84
8520200229:
86	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
87	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
88	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
89
9020200229:
91	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
92	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
93
9420200229:
95	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
96	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
97	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
98	ports or packages.
99
10020200220:
101	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
102	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
103	ncurses.
104
10520200217:
106	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
107	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
108	together with their new kernel.
109
11020200212:
111	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
112	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
113	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
114
115	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
116	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
117
11820200108:
119	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
120	linker for riscv64.
121
12220200107:
123	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
124	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
125	external toolchain package.
126
12720200104:
128	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
129	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
130	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
131	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
132	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
133
13420200102:
135	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
136	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
137	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
138	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
139
14020191226:
141	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
142	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
143	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
144	ABI.
145
14620191226:
147	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
148
14920191222:
150	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
151	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
152	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
153	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
154
15520191212:
156	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
157	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
158	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
159
16020191205:
161	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
162	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
163	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
164	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
165	differences between those included in the port and those included in
166	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
167	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
168	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
169
17020191120:
171	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
172	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
173	for automounting.
174
17520191107:
176	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
177	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
178	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
179	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
180	add superio to the set.
181
18220191021:
183	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
184	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
185
18620191021:
187	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
188	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
189	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
190	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
191	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
192	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
193	completely in the future.
194
19520191009:
196	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
197	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
198	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
199	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
200	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
201	will be removed from the list.
202
20320191009:
204	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
205	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
206	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
207	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
208
20920191003:
210	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
211	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
212	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
213	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
214
21520190913:
216	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
217	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
218	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
219	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
220
22120190823:
222	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
223	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
224	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
225
22620190727:
227	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
228	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
229	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
230	your scripts, because they had no effect.
231
232	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
233	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
234	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
235	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
236	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
237
23820190713:
239	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
240	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
241	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
242	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
243	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
244	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
245	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
246
24720190620:
248	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
249	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
250	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
251	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
252
25320190612:
254	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
255	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
256	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
257	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
258
25920190608:
260	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
261	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
262	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
263
26420190513:
265	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
266	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
267	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
268	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
269	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
270	avoid running into the limit.
271
27220190507:
273	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
274	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
275
27620190507:
277	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
278	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
279	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
280	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
281	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
282	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
283
28420190418:
285	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
286	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
287	entropy:
288
289	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
290	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
291	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
292	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
293	availability properties.
294
295	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
296	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
297	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
298	initial condition, if desired.
299
300	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
301	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
302
303	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
304	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
305	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
306	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
307
30820190416:
309	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
310	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
311	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
312	therefore unblocked).
313
31420190404:
315	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
316	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
317	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
318	is added to the command line.
319	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
320	not affected and should continue to work.
321
32220190320:
323	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
324	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
325	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
326	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
327
32820190304:
329	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
330	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
331	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
332	or higher.
333
33420190226:
335	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
336	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
337	kernel config.
338
33920190219:
340	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
341	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
342	migrating to the drm ports.
343
34420190131:
345	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
346	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
347	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
348	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
349	is loaded automatically.
350
35120190125:
352	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
353	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
354	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
355	kernel config files.
356
35720181230:
358	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
359	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
360	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
361	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
362
36320181220:
364	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
365	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
366	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
367	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
368	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
369	most NFSv4 mounts.
370
37120181219:
372	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
373	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
374	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
375
376	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
377	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
378
379	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
380	removed from the mips port.
381
38220181211:
383	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
384	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
385	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
386	or higher.
387
38820181211:
389	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
390	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
391
39220181126:
393	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
394	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
395	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
396	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
397
39820181123:
399	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
400	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
401	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
402
40320181115:
404	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
405	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
406	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
407	FreeBSD versions.
408
40920181110:
410	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
411	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
412	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
413
414	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
415	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
416	being included using the command:
417		$ newsyslog -Nrv
418
41920181015:
420	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
421	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
422	drm-legacy-kmod.
423
424	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
425	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
426	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
427	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
428	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
429	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
430	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
431	that as you will get better support.
432
433	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
434	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
435	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
436	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
437
438	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
439	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
440	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
441	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
442	shortly.
443
44420181012:
445	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
446	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
447	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
448	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
449	be adjusted as necessary.
450
45120181009:
452	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
453	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
454	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
455	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
456
45720181006:
458	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
459	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
460	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
461	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
462	encouraged.
463
46420181002:
465	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
466	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
467	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
468	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
469	nda device name.
470
47120180913:
472	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
473	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
474	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
475	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
476	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
477	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
478
47920180826:
480	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
481	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
482	default since FreeBSD-11.
483
48420180822:
485	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
486	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
487	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
488
48920180818:
490	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
491	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
492	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
493	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
494	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
495	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
496	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
497
498	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
499	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
500
50120180815:
502	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
503	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
504	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
505	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
506	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
507	may not be observed in a future release.
508
50920180808:
510	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
511	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
512	your environment.
513
51420180731:
515	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
516	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
517	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
518	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
519
52020180730:
521	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
522	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
523	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
524	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
525	runtime services.
526
52720180727:
528	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
529	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
530	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
531
53220180723:
533	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
534	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
535	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
536	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
537	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
538
53920180720:
540	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
541	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
542	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
543	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
544	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
545	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
546
54720180719:
548	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
549	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
550	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
551	boot_serial=YES
552	boot_multicons=YES
553	in /boot/loader.conf
554	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
555	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
556	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
557
55820180719:
559	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
560	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
561	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
562	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
563	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
564	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
565	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
566	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
567	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
568	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
569	by the ntpd user.
570
57120180717:
572	Big endian arm support has been removed.
573
57420180711:
575	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
576	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
577	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
578	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
579	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
580
58120180705:
582	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
583	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
584	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
585	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
586	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
587	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
588
58920180702:
590	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
591	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
592
59320180701:
594	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
595	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
596	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
597	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
598	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
599	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
600	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
601
60220180630:
603	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
604	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
605	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
606	or higher.
607
60820180628:
609	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
610	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
611	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
612	file.
613
61420180612:
615	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
616	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
617
61820180530:
619	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
620	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
621	longer necessary.
622
62320180530:
624	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
625	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
626	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
627	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
628
62920180523:
630	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
631	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
632	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
633	later than r334108.
634
63520180517:
636	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
637	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
638	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
639	it must be removed.
640
64120180510:
642	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
643	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
644	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
645	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
646	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
647	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
648	will go away.
649
650	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
651	workaround is necessary.
652
65320180508:
654	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
655	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
656	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
657	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
658
65920180504:
660	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
661	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
662	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
663	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
664	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
665
66620180502:
667	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
668	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
669	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
670	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
671
67220180501:
673	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
674	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
675	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
676	be removed.
677
67820180413:
679	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
680	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
681	removed.
682
68320180411:
684	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
685	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
686	removed.
687
68820180406:
689	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
690	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
691	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
692	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
693	microseconds and time zone offsets.
694
695	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
696	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
697	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
698	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
699	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
700	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
701	adjustments, depending on the software used.
702
703	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
704	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
705
706		source src {
707			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
708		}
709
710	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
711	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
712	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
713
714		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
715
716	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
717	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
718	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
719	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
720	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
721	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
722	thus expected to continue to function as before.
723
724	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
725	change.
726
72720180328:
728	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
729	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
730	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
731
73220180323:
733	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
734	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
735	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
736	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
737	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
738	should be as simple as:
739
740		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
741		$ make depend all install
742
74320180212:
744	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
745	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
746	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
747	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
748	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
749	provisions for backup boot methods.
750
75120180211:
752	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
753	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
754	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
755	imp@freebsd.org.
756
75720180114:
758	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
759	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
760	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
761	or higher.
762
76320180110:
764	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
765	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
766	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
767
768	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
769	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
770
77120180110:
772	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
773	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
774	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
775	remove it from kernel config files.
776
77720180104:
778	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
779	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
780	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
781
782	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
783	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
784
78520180102:
786	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
787	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
788	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
789	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
790
79120171215:
792	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
793	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
794
79520171214:
796	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
797	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
798	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
799	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
800
80120171125:
802	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
803	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
804	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
805	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
806	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
807	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
808
80920171110:
810	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
811	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
812	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
813
81420171106:
815	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
816	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
817	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
818	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
819	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
820
82120171102:
822	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
823	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
824	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
825	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
826	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
827	environment.
828
82920171101:
830	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
831	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
832	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
833	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
834	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
835	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
836	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
837	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
838	than hardcoding paths.
839
84020171028:
841	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
842	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
843	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
844
84520171021:
846	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
847	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
848	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
849	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
850
85120171010:
852	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
853	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
854
85520171005:
856	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
857	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
858	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
859	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
860
86120171003:
862	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
863	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
864	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
865	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
866	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
867
86820170912:
869	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
870	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
871	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
872	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
873	/etc/ctl.conf .
874
87520170912:
876	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
877	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
878	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
879	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
880	soft-float everything else should be affected.
881
88220170826:
883	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
884	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
885
88620170825:
887	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
888	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
889	to complete.
890
89120170814:
892	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
893	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
894	${TESTSDIR}.
895
896	Behavioral changes:
897	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
898	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
899	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
900	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
901
902	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
903	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
904	sandbox if successful.
905
906	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
907	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
908	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
909	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
910	an unprivileged user.
911
91220170808:
913	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
914	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
915	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
916	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
917	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
918	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
919	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
920	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
921	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
922	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
923	to which you should answer yes.
924
92520170728:
926	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
927	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
928	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
929	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
930	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
931
93220170722:
933	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
934	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
935	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
936
93720170701:
938	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
939	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
940
94120170625:
942	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
943	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
944	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
945	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
946	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
947	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
948	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
949
95020170623:
951	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
952	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
953	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
954	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
955	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
956	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
957
95820170620:
959	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
960	if you require the GPL compiler.
961
96220170618:
963	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
964	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
965	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
966
96720170617:
968	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
969	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
970	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
971	followed.
972
97320170531:
974	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
975	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
976	from ports (and recommends to install it).
977	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
978	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
979	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
980
98120170524:
982	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
983	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
984	which only require one chipset support.
985
986	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
987
988	if_ath_load="YES"
989
990	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
991	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
992	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
993
994	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
995	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
996
997	* load ath_hal
998	* load the chip modules in question
999	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1000	* load ath_main
1001	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1002	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1003
1004	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1005
100620170523:
1007	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1008	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1009	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1010
1011	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1012	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1013	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1014
1015	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1016	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1017	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1018	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1019	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1020	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1021	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1022	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1023
102420170424:
1025	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1026	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1027	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1028
102920170420:
1030	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1031	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1032	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1033
103420170413:
1035	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1036	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1037	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1038	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1039	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1040	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1041	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1042
104320170407:
1044	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1045	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1046	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1047	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1048
104920170405:
1050	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1051	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1052	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1053
105420170331:
1055	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1056	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1057	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1058
105920170329:
1060	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1061	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1062
1063	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1064	via one of the following methods:
1065	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1066	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1067	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1068	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1069
1070	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1071
107220170316:
1073	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1074	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1075	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1076	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1077	with mmc.ko).
1078
107920170315:
1080	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1081	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1082	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1083	be prefixed with colon.
1084
108520170311:
1086	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1087	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1088	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1089
109020170302:
1091	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1092	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1093	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1094
109520170221:
1096	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1097	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1098	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1099	change.
1100
110120170216:
1102	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1103	valid.
1104
110520170215:
1106	MCA bus support has been removed.
1107
110820170127:
1109	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1110	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1111
111220170112:
1113	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1114	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1115
111620170109:
1117	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1118	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1119	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1120	configuration.
1121
112220161217:
1123	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1124	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1125	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1126
112720161124:
1128	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1129	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1130	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1131
113220161119:
1133	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1134	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1135	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1136
113720161030:
1138	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1139	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1140	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1141	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1142
114320161017:
1144	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1145	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1146	parts.
1147	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1148	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1149
115020161015:
1151	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1152	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1153	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1154	removed from base.
1155
115620161008:
1157	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1158	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1159	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1160
116120161003:
1162	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1163	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1164
116520160924:
1166	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1167	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1168	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1169	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1170
117120160918:
1172	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1173	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1174	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1175	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1176	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1177
117820160918:
1179	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1180
118120160908:
1182	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1183	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1184	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1185	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1186
118720160824:
1188	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1189	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1190	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1191	to 1200005.
1192
119320160818:
1194	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1195	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1196	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1197	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1198	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1199	0.
1200
120120160818:
1202	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1203	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1204
120520160708:
1206	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1207
120820160622:
1209	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1210	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1211	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1212	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1213	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1214	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1215	kernel.
1216
121720160527:
1218	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1219	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1220	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1221	previously contained a line like
1222	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1223	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1224	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1225	generally be fine.
1226
122720160523:
1228	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1229	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1230	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1231	built with the old headers.
1232
123320160520:
1234	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1235	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1236	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1237	installing a new libc.
1238
123920160517:
1240	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1241	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1242	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1243	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1244	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1245	packages will be needed.
1246
1247	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1248	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1249	and the install steps.
1250
125120160510:
1252	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1253	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1254	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1255	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1256	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1257	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1258
125920160414:
1260	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1261	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1262	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1263	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1264	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1265
1266		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1267		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1268		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1269		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1270		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1271
1272	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1273	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1274	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1275	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1276	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1277	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1278	vendors work.
1279
1280	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1281	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1282		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1283	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1284	quirks entry to 0x3.
1285
128620160330:
1287	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1288	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1289	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1290
129120160317:
1292	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1293	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1294
129520160311:
1296	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1297	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1298	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1299	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1300	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1301	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1302	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1303	stale .depend files.
1304
130520160306:
1306	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1307	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1308	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1309	rebooting, e.g.:
1310
1311	make buildworld
1312	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1313	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1314	make -C sys/boot install
1315	<reboot in single user>
1316
1317	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1318	below.
1319
132020160305:
1321	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1322	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1323	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1324
132520160301:
1326	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1327	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1328	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1329	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1330	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1331	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1332
133320160226:
1334	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1335	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1336	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1337	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1338	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1339
134020160129:
1341	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1342	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1343	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1344	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1345	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1346
134720160119:
1348	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1349	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1350
135120160113:
1352	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1353	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1354	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1355
135620151216:
1357	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1358	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1359	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1360	other loaders.
1361
136220151211:
1363	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1364	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1365	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1366	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1367	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1368	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1369
137020151207:
1371	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1372	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1373	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1374	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1375	in src.conf(5).
1376
137720151130:
1378	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1379	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1380	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1381
138220151108:
1383	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1384	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1385	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1386
1387	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1388	collation results will be different.
1389
1390	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1391	locales before running make installworld.
1392
1393	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1394
139520151030:
1396	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1397	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1398
139920151020:
1400	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1401	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1402	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1403
140420151017:
1405	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1406	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1407	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1408	and 'make -N' will not.
1409
141020151012:
1411	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1412	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1413	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1414	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1415	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1416	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1417	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1418	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1419
142020151011:
1421	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1422	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1423	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1424	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1425
142620151006:
1427	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1428	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1429	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1430
143120150924:
1432	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1433	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1434	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1435	userland debug files.
1436
1437	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1438	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1439	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1440
1441	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1442	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1443
144420150827:
1445	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1446	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1447	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1448	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1449	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1450	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1451
145220150827:
1453	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1454	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1455	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1456
145720150817:
1458	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1459	them, the kernel must have
1460
1461	device	random
1462	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1463
1464	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1465	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1466	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1467	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1468
1469	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1470	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1471
147220150813:
1473	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1474	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1475	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1476
147720150810:
1478	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1479	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1480	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1481	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1482
1483	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1484	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1485	difference with this change.
1486
1487	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1488	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1489	remove that workaround.
1490
149120150809:
1492	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1493	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1494	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1495	with:
1496
1497	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1498
149920150806:
1500	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1501	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1502	loader.rc.local instead.
1503
150420150805:
1505	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1506	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1507	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1508
150920150728:
1510	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1511	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1512	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1513
1514	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1515	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1516
151720150706:
1518	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1519	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1520	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1521	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1522	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1523	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1524	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1525	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1526	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1527	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1528	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1529	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1530
153120150630:
1532	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1533	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1534
1535	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1536	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1537	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1538
1539	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1540	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1541
1542	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1543	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1544	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1545
1546	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1547	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1548	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1549	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1550
1551	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1552	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1553	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1554	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1555
1556	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1557	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1558	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1559	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1560	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1561	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1562	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1563	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1564	will never happen.
1565
156620150623:
1567	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1568	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1569
157020150616:
1571	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1572	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1573
157420150615:
1575	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1576	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1577	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1578	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1579	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1580
158120150614:
1582	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1583	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1584	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1585	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1586
158720150614:
1588	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1589	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1590	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1591	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1592	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1593	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1594	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1595
1596	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1597	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1598	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1599	   replace it with '2'.
1600	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1601	   a file path, create a new file with:
1602		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1603	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1604		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1605	5. Restart sendmail:
1606		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1607
1608	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1609	updated.
1610
161120150604:
1612	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1613	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1614	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1615	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1616	5.x.
1617
1618	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1619
162020150525:
1621	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1622	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1623	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1624
162520150521:
1626	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1627	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1628	and Pandaboard:
1629
1630	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1631	  same but content is different now
1632	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1633	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1634	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1635	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1636	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1637
163820150501:
1639	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1640	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1641	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1642
164320150423:
1644	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1645	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1646
164720150415:
1648	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1649	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1650
165120150416:
1652	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1653	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1654	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1655
165620150324:
1657	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1658	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1659	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1660	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1661
166220150315:
1663	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1664	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1665	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1666
166720150307:
1668	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1669	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1670	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1671	kernel before rebooting.
1672
167320150217:
1674	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1675	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1676	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1677	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1678	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1679	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1680
168120150210:
1682	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1683	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1684	with the new kernel.
1685
168620150131:
1687	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1688	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1689	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1690
169120150118:
1692	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1693	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1694	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1695	are not already using 3.5.0.
1696
169720150107:
1698	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1699	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1700	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1701	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1702	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1703
170420150105:
1705	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1706	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1707	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1708	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1709
171020150102:
1711	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1712	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1713
171420141231:
1715	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1716
1717	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1718	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1719	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1720	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1721	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1722	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1723	later.
1724
1725	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1726	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1727	of the box.
1728
1729	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1730	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1731	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1732	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1733
1734	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1735	the instructions for 9.x above.
1736
1737	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1738	default, and do not build clang.
1739
1740	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1741	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1742	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1743
1744	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1745	the following are most likely to appear:
1746
1747	-Wabsolute-value
1748
1749	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1750	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1751	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1752	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1753	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1754	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1755	  cast, or disable the warning.
1756
1757	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1758	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1759	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1760	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1761	  side-effects.
1762
1763	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1764	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1765
1766	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1767	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1768	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1769	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1770
1771	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1772	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1773	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1774	unreachable could be optimized away.
1775
177620141222:
1777	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1778	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1779	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1780	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1781	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1782	the utilities will report errors.
1783
178420141121:
1785	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1786	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1787	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1788	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1789	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1790	LOCAL_DIRS.
1791
179220141109:
1793	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1794	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1795
179620141104:
1797	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1798	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1799	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1800	drivers.
1801
1802	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1803	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1804	indicate what you need to do.
1805
1806	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1807	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1808	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1809
1810	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1811	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1812	  kern.vty=sc
1813
181420141102:
1815	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1816	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1817	execute it.
1818
181920141009:
1820	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1821	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1822	devel/gperf port.
1823
182420140923:
1825	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1826	contrib/pjdfstest .
1827
182820140922:
1829	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1830	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1831	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1832	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1833	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1834	their next update cycle.
1835
183620140729:
1837	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1838	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1839	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1840	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1841	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1842
184320140723:
1844	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1845	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1846
184720140719:
1848	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1849	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1850	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1851	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1852	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1853	new configuration.
1854
185520140709:
1856	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1857	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1858	them again.
1859	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1860
186120140708:
1862	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1863	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1864	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1865	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1866	requires readline.
1867
186820140702:
1869	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1870	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1871	architecture.
1872
187320140701:
1874	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1875	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1876	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1877	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1878	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1879
188020140629:
1881	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1882	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1883	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1884
188520140619:
1886	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1887	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1888	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1889
189020140606:
1891	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1892	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1893	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1894	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1895	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1896	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1897	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1898	"make installworld".
1899
1900	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1901	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1902	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1903	is run.
1904
1905	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1906	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1907	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1908	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1909	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1910
191120140512:
1912	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1913
191420140508:
1915	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1916	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1917	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1918
191920140505:
1920	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1921	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1922	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1923	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1924	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1925	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1926	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1927	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1928	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1929	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1930	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1931	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1932
1933	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1934	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1935	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1936	as well.
1937
193820140430:
1939	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1940	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1941
194220140424:
1943	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1944	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1945	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1946	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1947	build hosts for older releases.
1948
1949	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1950	r276991, respectively.
1951
195220140418:
1953	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1954	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1955	will silently lack HESIOD.
1956
195720140405:
1958	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1959	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1960	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1961	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1962	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1963	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1964	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1965	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1966	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1967	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1968	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1969	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1970
197120140306:
1972	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1973	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1974	with command line option -W.
1975
197620140226:
1977	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1978	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1979	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1980	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1981	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1982
198320140216:
1984	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1985
198620140216:
1987	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1988	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1989
199020140212:
1991	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1992	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1993	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1994	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1995	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1996
199720140204:
1998	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1999	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
2000	kernel is still highly recommended.
2001
200220140131:
2003	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2004	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
2005	capability mode support in kernel.
2006
200720140128:
2008	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2009	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2010	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2011	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2012	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2013
201420140110:
2015	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2016	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2017	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2018	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2019	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2020	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2021
202220131213:
2023	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2024	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2025	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2026	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2027	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2028	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2029	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2030	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2031	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2032
203320131108:
2034	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2035	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
2036	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2037	should change your settings to use the latter.
2038
203920131025:
2040	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2041	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
2042	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
2043	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
2044	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2045
204620131014:
2047	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2048	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2049	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2050	delete-old-libs":
2051	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2052	  or
2053	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2054
205520131010:
2056	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2057	revision r256279.
2058
2059COMMON ITEMS:
2060
2061	General Notes
2062	-------------
2063	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2064	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2065	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2066	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2067	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2068	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2069	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2070	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2071
2072	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2073	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2074	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2075	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2076	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2077	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2078	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2079	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2080	an exception.
2081
2082	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2083	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2084	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2085	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2086	step.
2087
2088	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2089	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2090	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2091	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2092
2093	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2094	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2095	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2096	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2097	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2098	should write them with this in mind.
2099
2100	ZFS notes
2101	---------
2102	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2103	these two steps:
2104
2105	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2106	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2107
2108	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2109
2110	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2111	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2112	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2113
2114	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2115
2116	To build a kernel
2117	-----------------
2118	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2119	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2120	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2121
2122	make kernel-toolchain
2123	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2124	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2125
2126	To test a kernel once
2127	---------------------
2128	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2129	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2130	debugging information) run
2131	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2132	nextboot -k testkernel
2133
2134	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2135	-----------------------------------------------------------
2136	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2137	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2138
2139	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2140	make buildworld
2141	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2142	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2143							[1]
2144	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2145	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2146	make installworld
2147	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2148	make delete-old					[6]
2149	<reboot>
2150
2151	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2152	--------------------------------------------------
2153	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2154	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2155	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2156	# size.
2157
2158	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2159	<boot into -stable>
2160	make buildworld
2161	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2162	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2163	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2164	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2165	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2166	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2167	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2168	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2169	<reboot into current>
2170	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2171	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2172	<reboot>
2173
2174
2175	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2176	----------------------------------------------
2177	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2178	make buildworld					[9]
2179	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2180	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2181							[1]
2182	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2183	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
2184	make installworld
2185	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
2186	make delete-old					[6]
2187	<reboot>
2188
2189	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2190	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2191	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2192	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2193	the UPDATING entries.
2194
2195	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2196	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2197	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2198	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2199	much fewer pitfalls.
2200
2201	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2202	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2203	system on reboot.
2204
2205	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2206		fsck -p
2207		mount -u /
2208		mount -a
2209		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2210		cd src			# full path to source
2211		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2212	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2213	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2214
2215	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2216	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2217	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2218	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2219	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2220	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2221	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2222
2223	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2224	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2225	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2226	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2227	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2228	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2229
2230	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2231	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2232	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2233
2234	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2235	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2236	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2237	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2238	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2239	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2240	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2241	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2242
2243	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2244	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2245	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2246	for these as well.
2247
2248	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2249	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2250	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2251
2252	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2253	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2254	warn if it is improperly defined.
2255FORMAT:
2256
2257This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2258breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2259list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2260If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2261to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2262
2263Copyright information:
2264
2265Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2266
2267Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2268modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2269document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2270
2271THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2272IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2273WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2274DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2275INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2276(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2277SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2278HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2279STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2280IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2281POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2282
2283Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2284this document.
2285
2286$FreeBSD$
2287