1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420181211: 35 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 36 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 37 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 38 or higher. 39 4020181211: 41 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 42 the time with these deamons has been obsolete for over a decade. 43 4420181126: 45 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 46 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 47 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 48 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 49 5020181123: 51 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 52 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 53 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 54 5520181115: 56 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 57 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 58 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 59 FreeBSD versions. 60 6120181110: 62 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 63 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 64 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 65 66 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 67 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 68 being included using the command: 69 $ newsyslog -Nrv 70 7120181015: 72 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 73 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 74 drm-legacy-kmod. 75 76 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 77 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 78 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 79 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 80 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 81 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 82 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 83 that as you will get better support. 84 85 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 86 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 87 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap 88 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 89 90 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 91 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 92 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 93 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 94 shortly. 95 9620181012: 97 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 98 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 99 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 100 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 101 be adjusted as necessary. 102 10320181009: 104 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 105 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is 106 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 107 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 108 10920181006: 110 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 111 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 112 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 113 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 114 encouraged. 115 11620181002: 117 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 118 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 119 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 120 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 121 nda device name. 122 12320180913: 124 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 125 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 126 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 127 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 128 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 129 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 130 13120180826: 132 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 133 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 134 default since FreeBSD-11. 135 13620180822: 137 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 138 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 139 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 140 14120180818: 142 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 143 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 144 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 145 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 146 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 147 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 148 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 149 150 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 151 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 152 15320180815: 154 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 155 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 156 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 157 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 158 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 159 may not be observed in a future release. 160 16120180808: 162 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 163 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 164 your environment. 165 16620180731: 167 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 168 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 169 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 170 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 171 17220180730: 173 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 174 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 175 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 176 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 177 runtime services. 178 17920180727: 180 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 181 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 182 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 183 18420180723: 185 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 186 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 187 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 188 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 189 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 190 19120180720: 192 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 193 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 194 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 195 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 196 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 197 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 198 19920180719: 200 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 201 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 202 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add : 203 boot_serial=YES 204 boot_multicons=YES 205 in /boot/loader.conf 206 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 207 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that 208 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer. 209 21020180719: 211 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 212 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 213 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 214 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 215 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 216 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 217 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 218 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 219 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 220 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 221 by the ntpd user. 222 22320180717: 224 Big endian arm support has been removed. 225 22620180711: 227 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 228 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 229 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 230 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 231 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 232 23320180705: 234 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 235 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 236 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 237 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 238 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 239 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 240 24120180702: 242 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 243 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 244 24520180701: 246 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 247 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 248 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 249 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 250 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 251 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 252 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 253 25420180630: 255 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 256 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 257 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 258 or higher. 259 26020180628: 261 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 262 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 263 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file. 264 26520180612: 266 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 267 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 268 26920180530: 270 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 271 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 272 longer necessary. 273 27420180530: 275 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 276 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 277 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 278 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 279 28020180523: 281 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 282 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 283 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 284 later than r334108. 285 28620180517: 287 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 288 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 289 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 290 it must be removed. 291 29220180510: 293 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 294 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 295 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 296 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 297 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 298 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 299 will go away. 300 301 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 302 workaround is necessary. 303 30420180508: 305 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 306 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and 307 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 308 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 309 31020180504: 311 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 312 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 313 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 314 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 315 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 316 31720180502: 318 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 319 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 320 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 321 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 322 32320180501: 324 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 325 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 326 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 327 be removed. 328 32920180413: 330 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 331 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 332 removed. 333 33420180411: 335 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 336 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 337 removed. 338 33920180406: 340 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 341 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 342 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 343 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 344 microseconds and time zone offsets. 345 346 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 347 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 348 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 349 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 350 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 351 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 352 adjustments, depending on the software used. 353 354 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 355 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 356 357 source src { 358 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 359 } 360 361 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 362 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 363 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 364 365 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 366 367 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 368 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 369 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 370 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 371 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 372 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 373 thus expected to continue to function as before. 374 375 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 376 change. 377 37820180328: 379 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 380 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 381 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 382 38320180323: 384 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 385 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 386 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 387 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 388 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 389 should be as simple as: 390 391 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 392 $ make depend all install 393 39420180212: 395 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 396 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 397 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 398 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 399 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 400 provisions for backup boot methods. 401 40220180211: 403 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 404 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to 405 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org. 406 40720180114: 408 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 409 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 410 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 411 or higher. 412 41320180110: 414 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 415 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 416 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 417 418 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 419 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 420 42120180110: 422 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 423 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still 424 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it 425 from kernel config files. 426 42720180104: 428 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 429 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 430 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 431 432 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 433 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 434 43520180102: 436 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 437 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 438 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 439 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 440 44120171215: 442 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 443 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 444 44520171214: 446 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 447 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 448 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 449 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 450 45120171125: 452 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 453 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 454 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 455 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 456 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 457 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 458 45920171110: 460 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 461 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 462 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 463 46420171106: 465 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 466 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 467 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 468 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 469 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 470 47120171102: 472 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 473 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 474 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 475 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 476 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 477 environment. 478 47920171101: 480 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 481 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 482 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 483 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 484 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 485 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 486 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 487 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 488 than hardcoding paths. 489 49020171028: 491 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 492 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 493 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 494 49520171021: 496 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 497 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 498 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 499 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 500 50120171010: 502 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 503 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 504 50520171005: 506 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 507 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 508 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 509 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 510 51120171003: 512 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 513 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 514 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 515 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 516 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 517 51820170912: 519 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 520 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 521 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 522 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 523 /etc/ctl.conf . 524 52520170912: 526 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 527 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 528 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 529 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 530 soft-float everything else should be affected. 531 53220170826: 533 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 534 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 535 53620170825: 537 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 538 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 539 to complete. 540 54120170814: 542 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 543 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 544 ${TESTSDIR}. 545 546 Behavioral changes: 547 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 548 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 549 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 550 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 551 552 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 553 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 554 sandbox if successful. 555 556 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 557 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 558 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 559 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 560 an unprivileged user. 561 56220170808: 563 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 564 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 565 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 566 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 567 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 568 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 569 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 570 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 571 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 572 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 573 to which you should answer yes. 574 57520170728: 576 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 577 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 578 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 579 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 580 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 581 58220170722: 583 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 584 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 585 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 586 58720170701: 588 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 589 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 590 59120170625: 592 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 593 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 594 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 595 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 596 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 597 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 598 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 599 60020170623: 601 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 602 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 603 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 604 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 605 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 606 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 607 60820170620: 609 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 610 if you require the GPL compiler. 611 61220170618: 613 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 614 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 615 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 616 61720170617: 618 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 619 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 620 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 621 followed. 622 62320170531: 624 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 625 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 626 from ports (and recommends to install it). 627 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 628 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 629 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 630 63120170524: 632 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 633 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 634 which only require one chipset support. 635 636 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 637 638 if_ath_load="YES" 639 640 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 641 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 642 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 643 644 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 645 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 646 647 * load ath_hal 648 * load the chip modules in question 649 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 650 * load ath_main 651 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 652 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 653 654 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 655 65620170523: 657 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 658 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 659 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 660 661 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 662 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 663 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 664 665 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 666 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 667 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 668 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 669 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 670 installing world. 671 67220170424: 673 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 674 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 675 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 676 67720170420: 678 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 679 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 680 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 681 68220170413: 683 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 684 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 685 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 686 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 687 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 688 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 689 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 690 69120170407: 692 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 693 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 694 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 695 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 696 69720170405: 698 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 699 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 700 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 701 70220170331: 703 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 704 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 705 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 706 70720170329: 708 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 709 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 710 711 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 712 via one of the following methods: 713 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 714 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 715 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 716 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 717 718 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 719 72020170316: 721 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 722 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 723 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 724 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 725 with mmc.ko). 726 72720170315: 728 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 729 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 730 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 731 be prefixed with colon. 732 73320170311: 734 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 735 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 736 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 737 73820170302: 739 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 740 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 741 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 742 74320170221: 744 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 745 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 746 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 747 change. 748 74920170216: 750 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 751 valid. 752 75320170215: 754 MCA bus support has been removed. 755 75620170127: 757 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 758 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 759 76020170112: 761 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 762 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 763 76420170109: 765 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 766 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 767 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 768 76920161217: 770 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 771 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 772 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 773 77420161124: 775 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 776 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 777 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 778 77920161119: 780 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 781 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 782 that link against it need to be recompiled. 783 78420161030: 785 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 786 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 787 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 788 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 789 79020161017: 791 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 792 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 793 parts. 794 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 795 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 796 79720161015: 798 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 799 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 800 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 801 removed from base. 802 80320161008: 804 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 805 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 806 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 807 80820161003: 809 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 810 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 811 81220160924: 813 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 814 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 815 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 816 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 817 81820160918: 819 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 820 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 821 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 822 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 823 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 824 82520160918: 826 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 827 82820160908: 829 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 830 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 831 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 832 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 833 83420160824: 835 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 836 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 837 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 838 to 1200005. 839 84020160818: 841 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 842 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 843 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 844 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 845 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 846 0. 847 84820160818: 849 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 850 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 851 85220160708: 853 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 854 85520160622: 856 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 857 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 858 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 859 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 860 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 861 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 862 kernel. 863 86420160527: 865 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 866 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 867 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 868 previously contained a line like 869 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 870 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 871 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 872 generally be fine. 873 87420160523: 875 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 876 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 877 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 878 built with the old headers. 879 88020160520: 881 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 882 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 883 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 884 installing a new libc. 885 88620160517: 887 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 888 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 889 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 890 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 891 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 892 packages will be needed. 893 894 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 895 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 896 and the install steps. 897 89820160510: 899 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 900 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 901 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 902 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 903 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 904 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 905 90620160414: 907 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 908 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 909 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 910 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 911 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 912 913 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 914 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 915 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 916 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 917 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 918 919 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 920 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 921 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 922 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 923 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 924 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 925 vendors work. 926 927 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 928 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 929 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 930 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 931 quirks entry to 0x3. 932 93320160330: 934 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 935 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 936 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 937 93820160317: 939 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 940 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 941 94220160311: 943 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 944 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 945 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 946 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 947 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 948 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 949 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 950 stale .depend files. 951 95220160306: 953 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 954 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 955 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 956 rebooting, e.g.: 957 958 make buildworld 959 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 960 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 961 make -C sys/boot install 962 <reboot in single user> 963 964 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 965 below. 966 96720160305: 968 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 969 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 970 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 971 97220160301: 973 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 974 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 975 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 976 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 977 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 978 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 979 98020160226: 981 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 982 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 983 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 984 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 985 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 986 98720160129: 988 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 989 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 990 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 991 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 992 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 993 99420160119: 995 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 996 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 997 99820160113: 999 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1000 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1001 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1002 100320151216: 1004 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1005 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1006 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1007 other loaders. 1008 100920151211: 1010 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1011 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1012 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1013 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1014 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1015 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1016 101720151207: 1018 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1019 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1020 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1021 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1022 in src.conf(5). 1023 102420151130: 1025 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1026 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1027 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1028 102920151108: 1030 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1031 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1032 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1033 1034 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1035 collation results will be different. 1036 1037 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1038 locales before running make installworld. 1039 1040 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1041 104220151030: 1043 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1044 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1045 104620151020: 1047 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1048 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1049 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1050 105120151017: 1052 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1053 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1054 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1055 and 'make -N' will not. 1056 105720151012: 1058 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1059 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1060 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1061 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1062 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1063 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1064 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1065 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1066 106720151011: 1068 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1069 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1070 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1071 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1072 107320151006: 1074 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1075 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1076 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1077 107820150924: 1079 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1080 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1081 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1082 userland debug files. 1083 1084 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1085 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1086 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1087 1088 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1089 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1090 109120150827: 1092 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1093 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1094 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1095 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1096 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1097 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1098 109920150827: 1100 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1101 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1102 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1103 110420150817: 1105 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1106 them, the kernel must have 1107 1108 device random 1109 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1110 1111 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1112 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1113 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1114 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1115 1116 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1117 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1118 111920150813: 1120 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1121 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1122 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1123 112420150810: 1125 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1126 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1127 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1128 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1129 1130 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1131 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1132 difference with this change. 1133 1134 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1135 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1136 remove that workaround. 1137 113820150809: 1139 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1140 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1141 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1142 with: 1143 1144 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1145 114620150806: 1147 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1148 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1149 loader.rc.local instead. 1150 115120150805: 1152 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1153 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1154 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1155 115620150728: 1157 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1158 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1159 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1160 1161 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1162 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1163 116420150706: 1165 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1166 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1167 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1168 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1169 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1170 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1171 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1172 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1173 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1174 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1175 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1176 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1177 117820150630: 1179 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1180 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1181 1182 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1183 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1184 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1185 1186 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1187 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1188 1189 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1190 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1191 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1192 1193 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1194 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1195 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1196 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1197 1198 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1199 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1200 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1201 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1202 1203 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1204 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1205 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1206 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1207 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1208 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1209 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1210 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1211 will never happen. 1212 121320150623: 1214 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1215 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1216 121720150616: 1218 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1219 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1220 122120150615: 1222 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1223 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1224 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1225 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1226 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1227 122820150614: 1229 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1230 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1231 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1232 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1233 123420150614: 1235 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1236 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1237 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1238 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1239 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1240 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1241 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1242 1243 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1244 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1245 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1246 replace it with '2'. 1247 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1248 a file path, create a new file with: 1249 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1250 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1251 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1252 5. Restart sendmail: 1253 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1254 1255 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1256 updated. 1257 125820150604: 1259 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1260 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1261 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1262 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1263 5.x. 1264 1265 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1266 126720150525: 1268 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1269 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1270 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1271 127220150521: 1273 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1274 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1275 and Pandaboard: 1276 1277 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1278 same but content is different now 1279 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1280 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1281 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1282 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1283 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1284 128520150501: 1286 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1287 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1288 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1289 129020150423: 1291 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1292 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1293 129420150415: 1295 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1296 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1297 129820150416: 1299 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1300 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1301 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1302 130320150324: 1304 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1305 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1306 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1307 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1308 130920150315: 1310 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1311 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1312 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1313 131420150307: 1315 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1316 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1317 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1318 kernel before rebooting. 1319 132020150217: 1321 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1322 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1323 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1324 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1325 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1326 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1327 132820150210: 1329 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1330 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1331 with the new kernel. 1332 133320150131: 1334 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1335 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1336 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1337 133820150118: 1339 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1340 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1341 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1342 are not already using 3.5.0. 1343 134420150107: 1345 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1346 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1347 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1348 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1349 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1350 135120150105: 1352 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1353 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1354 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1355 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1356 135720150102: 1358 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1359 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1360 136120141231: 1362 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1363 1364 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1365 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1366 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1367 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1368 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1369 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1370 later. 1371 1372 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1373 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1374 of the box. 1375 1376 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1377 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1378 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1379 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1380 1381 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1382 the instructions for 9.x above. 1383 1384 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1385 default, and do not build clang. 1386 1387 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1388 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1389 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1390 1391 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1392 the following are most likely to appear: 1393 1394 -Wabsolute-value 1395 1396 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1397 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1398 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1399 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1400 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1401 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1402 cast, or disable the warning. 1403 1404 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1405 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1406 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1407 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1408 side-effects. 1409 1410 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1411 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1412 1413 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1414 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1415 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1416 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1417 1418 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1419 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1420 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1421 unreachable could be optimized away. 1422 142320141222: 1424 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1425 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1426 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1427 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1428 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1429 the utilities will report errors. 1430 143120141121: 1432 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1433 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1434 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1435 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1436 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1437 LOCAL_DIRS. 1438 143920141109: 1440 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1441 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1442 144320141104: 1444 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1445 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1446 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1447 drivers. 1448 1449 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1450 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1451 indicate what you need to do. 1452 1453 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1454 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1455 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1456 1457 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1458 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1459 kern.vty=sc 1460 146120141102: 1462 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1463 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1464 execute it. 1465 146620141009: 1467 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1468 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1469 devel/gperf port. 1470 147120140923: 1472 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1473 contrib/pjdfstest . 1474 147520140922: 1476 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1477 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1478 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1479 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1480 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1481 their next update cycle. 1482 148320140729: 1484 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1485 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1486 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1487 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1488 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1489 149020140723: 1491 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1492 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1493 149420140719: 1495 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1496 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1497 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1498 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1499 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1500 new configuration. 1501 150220140709: 1503 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1504 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1505 them again. 1506 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1507 150820140708: 1509 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1510 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1511 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1512 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1513 requires readline. 1514 151520140702: 1516 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1517 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1518 architecture. 1519 152020140701: 1521 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1522 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1523 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1524 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1525 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1526 152720140629: 1528 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1529 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1530 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1531 153220140619: 1533 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1534 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1535 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1536 153720140606: 1538 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1539 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1540 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1541 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1542 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1543 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1544 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1545 "make installworld". 1546 1547 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1548 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1549 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1550 is run. 1551 1552 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1553 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1554 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1555 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1556 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1557 155820140512: 1559 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1560 156120140508: 1562 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1563 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1564 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1565 156620140505: 1567 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1568 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1569 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1570 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1571 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1572 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1573 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1574 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1575 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1576 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1577 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1578 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1579 1580 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1581 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1582 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1583 as well. 1584 158520140430: 1586 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1587 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1588 158920140424: 1590 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1591 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1592 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1593 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1594 build hosts for older releases. 1595 1596 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1597 r276991, respectively. 1598 159920140418: 1600 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1601 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1602 will silently lack HESIOD. 1603 160420140405: 1605 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1606 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1607 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1608 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1609 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1610 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1611 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1612 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1613 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1614 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1615 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1616 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1617 161820140306: 1619 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1620 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1621 with command line option -W. 1622 162320140226: 1624 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1625 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1626 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1627 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1628 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1629 163020140216: 1631 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1632 163320140216: 1634 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1635 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1636 163720140212: 1638 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1639 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1640 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1641 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1642 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1643 164420140204: 1645 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1646 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1647 kernel is still highly recommended. 1648 164920140131: 1650 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1651 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1652 capability mode support in kernel. 1653 165420140128: 1655 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1656 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1657 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1658 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1659 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1660 166120140110: 1662 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1663 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1664 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1665 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1666 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1667 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1668 166920131213: 1670 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1671 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1672 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1673 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1674 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1675 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1676 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1677 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1678 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1679 168020131108: 1681 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1682 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1683 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1684 should change your settings to use the latter. 1685 168620131025: 1687 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1688 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1689 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1690 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1691 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1692 169320131014: 1694 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1695 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1696 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1697 delete-old-libs": 1698 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1699 or 1700 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1701 170220131010: 1703 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1704 revision r256279. 1705 1706COMMON ITEMS: 1707 1708 General Notes 1709 ------------- 1710 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1711 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1712 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1713 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1714 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1715 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1716 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1717 1718 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1719 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1720 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1721 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1722 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1723 1724 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1725 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1726 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1727 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1728 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1729 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1730 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1731 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1732 an exception. 1733 1734 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1735 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1736 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1737 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1738 1739 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1740 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1741 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1742 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1743 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1744 should write them with this in mind. 1745 1746 ZFS notes 1747 --------- 1748 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1749 these two steps: 1750 1751 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1752 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1753 1754 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1755 1756 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1757 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1758 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1759 1760 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1761 1762 To build a kernel 1763 ----------------- 1764 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1765 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1766 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1767 1768 make kernel-toolchain 1769 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1770 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1771 1772 To test a kernel once 1773 --------------------- 1774 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1775 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1776 debugging information) run 1777 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1778 nextboot -k testkernel 1779 1780 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1781 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1782 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1783 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1784 1785 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1786 make buildworld 1787 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1788 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1789 [1] 1790 <reboot in single user> [3] 1791 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1792 make installworld 1793 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1794 make delete-old [6] 1795 <reboot> 1796 1797 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1798 -------------------------------------------------- 1799 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1800 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1801 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1802 # size. 1803 1804 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1805 <boot into -stable> 1806 make buildworld 1807 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1808 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1809 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1810 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1811 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1812 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1813 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1814 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1815 <reboot into current> 1816 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1817 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1818 <reboot> 1819 1820 1821 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1822 ---------------------------------------------- 1823 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1824 make buildworld [9] 1825 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1826 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1827 [1] 1828 <reboot in single user> [3] 1829 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1830 make installworld 1831 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1832 make delete-old [6] 1833 <reboot> 1834 1835 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1836 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1837 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1838 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1839 the UPDATING entries. 1840 1841 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1842 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1843 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1844 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1845 much fewer pitfalls. 1846 1847 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1848 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1849 system on reboot. 1850 1851 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1852 fsck -p 1853 mount -u / 1854 mount -a 1855 cd src 1856 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1857 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1858 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1859 1860 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1861 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1862 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1863 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1864 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1865 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1866 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1867 1868 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1869 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1870 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1871 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1872 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1873 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1874 1875 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1876 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1877 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1878 1879 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1880 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1881 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1882 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1883 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1884 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1885 1886 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1887 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1888 1889 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1890 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1891 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1892 1893 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1894 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1895 warn if it is improperly defined. 1896FORMAT: 1897 1898This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1899breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1900list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1901If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1902to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1903 1904Copyright information: 1905 1906Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1907 1908Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1909modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1910document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1911 1912THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1913IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1914WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1915DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1916INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1917(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1918SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1919HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1920STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1921IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1922POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1923 1924Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1925this document. 1926 1927$FreeBSD$ 1928