xref: /linux/include/linux/iomap.h (revision 17fa6a5f93fcd5dd936e07aee61c014d401df4ae)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef LINUX_IOMAP_H
3 #define LINUX_IOMAP_H 1
4 
5 #include <linux/atomic.h>
6 #include <linux/bitmap.h>
7 #include <linux/blk_types.h>
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/types.h>
10 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
11 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
12 
13 struct address_space;
14 struct fiemap_extent_info;
15 struct inode;
16 struct iomap_iter;
17 struct iomap_dio;
18 struct iomap_writepage_ctx;
19 struct iov_iter;
20 struct kiocb;
21 struct page;
22 struct vm_area_struct;
23 struct vm_fault;
24 
25 /*
26  * Types of block ranges for iomap mappings:
27  */
28 #define IOMAP_HOLE	0	/* no blocks allocated, need allocation */
29 #define IOMAP_DELALLOC	1	/* delayed allocation blocks */
30 #define IOMAP_MAPPED	2	/* blocks allocated at @addr */
31 #define IOMAP_UNWRITTEN	3	/* blocks allocated at @addr in unwritten state */
32 #define IOMAP_INLINE	4	/* data inline in the inode */
33 
34 /*
35  * Flags reported by the file system from iomap_begin:
36  *
37  * IOMAP_F_NEW indicates that the blocks have been newly allocated and need
38  * zeroing for areas that no data is copied to.
39  *
40  * IOMAP_F_DIRTY indicates the inode has uncommitted metadata needed to access
41  * written data and requires fdatasync to commit them to persistent storage.
42  * This needs to take into account metadata changes that *may* be made at IO
43  * completion, such as file size updates from direct IO.
44  *
45  * IOMAP_F_SHARED indicates that the blocks are shared, and will need to be
46  * unshared as part a write.
47  *
48  * IOMAP_F_MERGED indicates that the iomap contains the merge of multiple block
49  * mappings.
50  *
51  * IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD indicates that the file system requires the use of
52  * buffer heads for this mapping.
53  *
54  * IOMAP_F_XATTR indicates that the iomap is for an extended attribute extent
55  * rather than a file data extent.
56  */
57 #define IOMAP_F_NEW		(1U << 0)
58 #define IOMAP_F_DIRTY		(1U << 1)
59 #define IOMAP_F_SHARED		(1U << 2)
60 #define IOMAP_F_MERGED		(1U << 3)
61 #ifdef CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD
62 #define IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD	(1U << 4)
63 #else
64 #define IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD	0
65 #endif /* CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
66 #define IOMAP_F_XATTR		(1U << 5)
67 
68 /*
69  * Flags set by the core iomap code during operations:
70  *
71  * IOMAP_F_SIZE_CHANGED indicates to the iomap_end method that the file size
72  * has changed as the result of this write operation.
73  *
74  * IOMAP_F_STALE indicates that the iomap is not valid any longer and the file
75  * range it covers needs to be remapped by the high level before the operation
76  * can proceed.
77  */
78 #define IOMAP_F_SIZE_CHANGED	(1U << 8)
79 #define IOMAP_F_STALE		(1U << 9)
80 
81 /*
82  * Flags from 0x1000 up are for file system specific usage:
83  */
84 #define IOMAP_F_PRIVATE		(1U << 12)
85 
86 
87 /*
88  * Magic value for addr:
89  */
90 #define IOMAP_NULL_ADDR -1ULL	/* addr is not valid */
91 
92 struct iomap_folio_ops;
93 
94 struct iomap {
95 	u64			addr; /* disk offset of mapping, bytes */
96 	loff_t			offset;	/* file offset of mapping, bytes */
97 	u64			length;	/* length of mapping, bytes */
98 	u16			type;	/* type of mapping */
99 	u16			flags;	/* flags for mapping */
100 	struct block_device	*bdev;	/* block device for I/O */
101 	struct dax_device	*dax_dev; /* dax_dev for dax operations */
102 	void			*inline_data;
103 	void			*private; /* filesystem private */
104 	const struct iomap_folio_ops *folio_ops;
105 	u64			validity_cookie; /* used with .iomap_valid() */
106 };
107 
iomap_sector(const struct iomap * iomap,loff_t pos)108 static inline sector_t iomap_sector(const struct iomap *iomap, loff_t pos)
109 {
110 	return (iomap->addr + pos - iomap->offset) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
111 }
112 
113 /*
114  * Returns the inline data pointer for logical offset @pos.
115  */
iomap_inline_data(const struct iomap * iomap,loff_t pos)116 static inline void *iomap_inline_data(const struct iomap *iomap, loff_t pos)
117 {
118 	return iomap->inline_data + pos - iomap->offset;
119 }
120 
121 /*
122  * Check if the mapping's length is within the valid range for inline data.
123  * This is used to guard against accessing data beyond the page inline_data
124  * points at.
125  */
iomap_inline_data_valid(const struct iomap * iomap)126 static inline bool iomap_inline_data_valid(const struct iomap *iomap)
127 {
128 	return iomap->length <= PAGE_SIZE - offset_in_page(iomap->inline_data);
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * When a filesystem sets folio_ops in an iomap mapping it returns, get_folio
133  * and put_folio will be called for each folio written to.  This only applies
134  * to buffered writes as unbuffered writes will not typically have folios
135  * associated with them.
136  *
137  * When get_folio succeeds, put_folio will always be called to do any
138  * cleanup work necessary.  put_folio is responsible for unlocking and putting
139  * @folio.
140  */
141 struct iomap_folio_ops {
142 	struct folio *(*get_folio)(struct iomap_iter *iter, loff_t pos,
143 			unsigned len);
144 	void (*put_folio)(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, unsigned copied,
145 			struct folio *folio);
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * Check that the cached iomap still maps correctly to the filesystem's
149 	 * internal extent map. FS internal extent maps can change while iomap
150 	 * is iterating a cached iomap, so this hook allows iomap to detect that
151 	 * the iomap needs to be refreshed during a long running write
152 	 * operation.
153 	 *
154 	 * The filesystem can store internal state (e.g. a sequence number) in
155 	 * iomap->validity_cookie when the iomap is first mapped to be able to
156 	 * detect changes between mapping time and whenever .iomap_valid() is
157 	 * called.
158 	 *
159 	 * This is called with the folio over the specified file position held
160 	 * locked by the iomap code.
161 	 */
162 	bool (*iomap_valid)(struct inode *inode, const struct iomap *iomap);
163 };
164 
165 /*
166  * Flags for iomap_begin / iomap_end.  No flag implies a read.
167  */
168 #define IOMAP_WRITE		(1 << 0) /* writing, must allocate blocks */
169 #define IOMAP_ZERO		(1 << 1) /* zeroing operation, may skip holes */
170 #define IOMAP_REPORT		(1 << 2) /* report extent status, e.g. FIEMAP */
171 #define IOMAP_FAULT		(1 << 3) /* mapping for page fault */
172 #define IOMAP_DIRECT		(1 << 4) /* direct I/O */
173 #define IOMAP_NOWAIT		(1 << 5) /* do not block */
174 #define IOMAP_OVERWRITE_ONLY	(1 << 6) /* only pure overwrites allowed */
175 #define IOMAP_UNSHARE		(1 << 7) /* unshare_file_range */
176 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
177 #define IOMAP_DAX		(1 << 8) /* DAX mapping */
178 #else
179 #define IOMAP_DAX		0
180 #endif /* CONFIG_FS_DAX */
181 
182 struct iomap_ops {
183 	/*
184 	 * Return the existing mapping at pos, or reserve space starting at
185 	 * pos for up to length, as long as we can do it as a single mapping.
186 	 * The actual length is returned in iomap->length.
187 	 */
188 	int (*iomap_begin)(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length,
189 			unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap,
190 			struct iomap *srcmap);
191 
192 	/*
193 	 * Commit and/or unreserve space previous allocated using iomap_begin.
194 	 * Written indicates the length of the successful write operation which
195 	 * needs to be commited, while the rest needs to be unreserved.
196 	 * Written might be zero if no data was written.
197 	 */
198 	int (*iomap_end)(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t length,
199 			ssize_t written, unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap);
200 };
201 
202 /**
203  * struct iomap_iter - Iterate through a range of a file
204  * @inode: Set at the start of the iteration and should not change.
205  * @pos: The current file position we are operating on.  It is updated by
206  *	calls to iomap_iter().  Treat as read-only in the body.
207  * @len: The remaining length of the file segment we're operating on.
208  *	It is updated at the same time as @pos.
209  * @processed: The number of bytes processed by the body in the most recent
210  *	iteration, or a negative errno. 0 causes the iteration to stop.
211  * @flags: Zero or more of the iomap_begin flags above.
212  * @iomap: Map describing the I/O iteration
213  * @srcmap: Source map for COW operations
214  */
215 struct iomap_iter {
216 	struct inode *inode;
217 	loff_t pos;
218 	u64 len;
219 	s64 processed;
220 	unsigned flags;
221 	struct iomap iomap;
222 	struct iomap srcmap;
223 	void *private;
224 };
225 
226 int iomap_iter(struct iomap_iter *iter, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
227 
228 /**
229  * iomap_length - length of the current iomap iteration
230  * @iter: iteration structure
231  *
232  * Returns the length that the operation applies to for the current iteration.
233  */
iomap_length(const struct iomap_iter * iter)234 static inline u64 iomap_length(const struct iomap_iter *iter)
235 {
236 	u64 end = iter->iomap.offset + iter->iomap.length;
237 
238 	if (iter->srcmap.type != IOMAP_HOLE)
239 		end = min(end, iter->srcmap.offset + iter->srcmap.length);
240 	return min(iter->len, end - iter->pos);
241 }
242 
243 /**
244  * iomap_iter_srcmap - return the source map for the current iomap iteration
245  * @i: iteration structure
246  *
247  * Write operations on file systems with reflink support might require a
248  * source and a destination map.  This function retourns the source map
249  * for a given operation, which may or may no be identical to the destination
250  * map in &i->iomap.
251  */
iomap_iter_srcmap(const struct iomap_iter * i)252 static inline const struct iomap *iomap_iter_srcmap(const struct iomap_iter *i)
253 {
254 	if (i->srcmap.type != IOMAP_HOLE)
255 		return &i->srcmap;
256 	return &i->iomap;
257 }
258 
259 /*
260  * Return the file offset for the first unchanged block after a short write.
261  *
262  * If nothing was written, round @pos down to point at the first block in
263  * the range, else round up to include the partially written block.
264  */
iomap_last_written_block(struct inode * inode,loff_t pos,ssize_t written)265 static inline loff_t iomap_last_written_block(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos,
266 		ssize_t written)
267 {
268 	if (unlikely(!written))
269 		return round_down(pos, i_blocksize(inode));
270 	return round_up(pos + written, i_blocksize(inode));
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Check if the range needs to be unshared for a FALLOC_FL_UNSHARE_RANGE
275  * operation.
276  *
277  * Don't bother with blocks that are not shared to start with; or mappings that
278  * cannot be shared, such as inline data, delalloc reservations, holes or
279  * unwritten extents.
280  *
281  * Note that we use srcmap directly instead of iomap_iter_srcmap as unsharing
282  * requires providing a separate source map, and the presence of one is a good
283  * indicator that unsharing is needed, unlike IOMAP_F_SHARED which can be set
284  * for any data that goes into the COW fork for XFS.
285  */
iomap_want_unshare_iter(const struct iomap_iter * iter)286 static inline bool iomap_want_unshare_iter(const struct iomap_iter *iter)
287 {
288 	return (iter->iomap.flags & IOMAP_F_SHARED) &&
289 		iter->srcmap.type == IOMAP_MAPPED;
290 }
291 
292 ssize_t iomap_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from,
293 		const struct iomap_ops *ops, void *private);
294 int iomap_read_folio(struct folio *folio, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
295 void iomap_readahead(struct readahead_control *, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
296 bool iomap_is_partially_uptodate(struct folio *, size_t from, size_t count);
297 struct folio *iomap_get_folio(struct iomap_iter *iter, loff_t pos, size_t len);
298 bool iomap_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t gfp_flags);
299 void iomap_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset, size_t len);
300 bool iomap_dirty_folio(struct address_space *mapping, struct folio *folio);
301 int iomap_file_unshare(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t len,
302 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
303 int iomap_zero_range(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, loff_t len,
304 		bool *did_zero, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
305 int iomap_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t pos, bool *did_zero,
306 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
307 vm_fault_t iomap_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf,
308 			const struct iomap_ops *ops);
309 
310 typedef void (*iomap_punch_t)(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length,
311 		struct iomap *iomap);
312 void iomap_write_delalloc_release(struct inode *inode, loff_t start_byte,
313 		loff_t end_byte, unsigned flags, struct iomap *iomap,
314 		iomap_punch_t punch);
315 
316 int iomap_fiemap(struct inode *inode, struct fiemap_extent_info *fieinfo,
317 		u64 start, u64 len, const struct iomap_ops *ops);
318 loff_t iomap_seek_hole(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
319 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
320 loff_t iomap_seek_data(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
321 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
322 sector_t iomap_bmap(struct address_space *mapping, sector_t bno,
323 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
324 
325 /*
326  * Structure for writeback I/O completions.
327  */
328 struct iomap_ioend {
329 	struct list_head	io_list;	/* next ioend in chain */
330 	u16			io_type;
331 	u16			io_flags;	/* IOMAP_F_* */
332 	struct inode		*io_inode;	/* file being written to */
333 	size_t			io_size;	/* size of the extent */
334 	loff_t			io_offset;	/* offset in the file */
335 	sector_t		io_sector;	/* start sector of ioend */
336 	struct bio		io_bio;		/* MUST BE LAST! */
337 };
338 
iomap_ioend_from_bio(struct bio * bio)339 static inline struct iomap_ioend *iomap_ioend_from_bio(struct bio *bio)
340 {
341 	return container_of(bio, struct iomap_ioend, io_bio);
342 }
343 
344 struct iomap_writeback_ops {
345 	/*
346 	 * Required, maps the blocks so that writeback can be performed on
347 	 * the range starting at offset.
348 	 *
349 	 * Can return arbitrarily large regions, but we need to call into it at
350 	 * least once per folio to allow the file systems to synchronize with
351 	 * the write path that could be invalidating mappings.
352 	 *
353 	 * An existing mapping from a previous call to this method can be reused
354 	 * by the file system if it is still valid.
355 	 */
356 	int (*map_blocks)(struct iomap_writepage_ctx *wpc, struct inode *inode,
357 			  loff_t offset, unsigned len);
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * Optional, allows the file systems to perform actions just before
361 	 * submitting the bio and/or override the bio end_io handler for complex
362 	 * operations like copy on write extent manipulation or unwritten extent
363 	 * conversions.
364 	 */
365 	int (*prepare_ioend)(struct iomap_ioend *ioend, int status);
366 
367 	/*
368 	 * Optional, allows the file system to discard state on a page where
369 	 * we failed to submit any I/O.
370 	 */
371 	void (*discard_folio)(struct folio *folio, loff_t pos);
372 };
373 
374 struct iomap_writepage_ctx {
375 	struct iomap		iomap;
376 	struct iomap_ioend	*ioend;
377 	const struct iomap_writeback_ops *ops;
378 	u32			nr_folios;	/* folios added to the ioend */
379 };
380 
381 void iomap_finish_ioends(struct iomap_ioend *ioend, int error);
382 void iomap_ioend_try_merge(struct iomap_ioend *ioend,
383 		struct list_head *more_ioends);
384 void iomap_sort_ioends(struct list_head *ioend_list);
385 int iomap_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
386 		struct writeback_control *wbc, struct iomap_writepage_ctx *wpc,
387 		const struct iomap_writeback_ops *ops);
388 
389 /*
390  * Flags for direct I/O ->end_io:
391  */
392 #define IOMAP_DIO_UNWRITTEN	(1 << 0)	/* covers unwritten extent(s) */
393 #define IOMAP_DIO_COW		(1 << 1)	/* covers COW extent(s) */
394 
395 struct iomap_dio_ops {
396 	int (*end_io)(struct kiocb *iocb, ssize_t size, int error,
397 		      unsigned flags);
398 	void (*submit_io)(const struct iomap_iter *iter, struct bio *bio,
399 		          loff_t file_offset);
400 
401 	/*
402 	 * Filesystems wishing to attach private information to a direct io bio
403 	 * must provide a ->submit_io method that attaches the additional
404 	 * information to the bio and changes the ->bi_end_io callback to a
405 	 * custom function.  This function should, at a minimum, perform any
406 	 * relevant post-processing of the bio and end with a call to
407 	 * iomap_dio_bio_end_io.
408 	 */
409 	struct bio_set *bio_set;
410 };
411 
412 /*
413  * Wait for the I/O to complete in iomap_dio_rw even if the kiocb is not
414  * synchronous.
415  */
416 #define IOMAP_DIO_FORCE_WAIT	(1 << 0)
417 
418 /*
419  * Do not allocate blocks or zero partial blocks, but instead fall back to
420  * the caller by returning -EAGAIN.  Used to optimize direct I/O writes that
421  * are not aligned to the file system block size.
422   */
423 #define IOMAP_DIO_OVERWRITE_ONLY	(1 << 1)
424 
425 /*
426  * When a page fault occurs, return a partial synchronous result and allow
427  * the caller to retry the rest of the operation after dealing with the page
428  * fault.
429  */
430 #define IOMAP_DIO_PARTIAL		(1 << 2)
431 
432 ssize_t iomap_dio_rw(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
433 		const struct iomap_ops *ops, const struct iomap_dio_ops *dops,
434 		unsigned int dio_flags, void *private, size_t done_before);
435 struct iomap_dio *__iomap_dio_rw(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
436 		const struct iomap_ops *ops, const struct iomap_dio_ops *dops,
437 		unsigned int dio_flags, void *private, size_t done_before);
438 ssize_t iomap_dio_complete(struct iomap_dio *dio);
439 void iomap_dio_bio_end_io(struct bio *bio);
440 
441 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
442 struct file;
443 struct swap_info_struct;
444 
445 int iomap_swapfile_activate(struct swap_info_struct *sis,
446 		struct file *swap_file, sector_t *pagespan,
447 		const struct iomap_ops *ops);
448 #else
449 # define iomap_swapfile_activate(sis, swapfile, pagespan, ops)	(-EIO)
450 #endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
451 
452 #endif /* LINUX_IOMAP_H */
453