xref: /linux/arch/arm64/kernel/debug-monitors.c (revision 6fb44438a5e1897a72dd11139274735256be8069)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * ARMv8 single-step debug support and mdscr context switching.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2012 ARM Limited
6  *
7  * Author: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/cpu.h>
11 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
12 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
13 #include <linux/init.h>
14 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
15 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
16 #include <linux/stat.h>
17 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
18 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
19 
20 #include <asm/cpufeature.h>
21 #include <asm/cputype.h>
22 #include <asm/daifflags.h>
23 #include <asm/debug-monitors.h>
24 #include <asm/exception.h>
25 #include <asm/kgdb.h>
26 #include <asm/kprobes.h>
27 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
28 #include <asm/traps.h>
29 #include <asm/uprobes.h>
30 
31 /* Determine debug architecture. */
debug_monitors_arch(void)32 u8 debug_monitors_arch(void)
33 {
34 	return cpuid_feature_extract_unsigned_field(read_sanitised_ftr_reg(SYS_ID_AA64DFR0_EL1),
35 						ID_AA64DFR0_EL1_DebugVer_SHIFT);
36 }
37 
38 /*
39  * MDSCR access routines.
40  */
mdscr_write(u64 mdscr)41 static void mdscr_write(u64 mdscr)
42 {
43 	unsigned long flags;
44 	flags = local_daif_save();
45 	write_sysreg(mdscr, mdscr_el1);
46 	local_daif_restore(flags);
47 }
48 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(mdscr_write);
49 
mdscr_read(void)50 static u64 mdscr_read(void)
51 {
52 	return read_sysreg(mdscr_el1);
53 }
54 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(mdscr_read);
55 
56 /*
57  * Allow root to disable self-hosted debug from userspace.
58  * This is useful if you want to connect an external JTAG debugger.
59  */
60 static bool debug_enabled = true;
61 
create_debug_debugfs_entry(void)62 static int create_debug_debugfs_entry(void)
63 {
64 	debugfs_create_bool("debug_enabled", 0644, NULL, &debug_enabled);
65 	return 0;
66 }
67 fs_initcall(create_debug_debugfs_entry);
68 
early_debug_disable(char * buf)69 static int __init early_debug_disable(char *buf)
70 {
71 	debug_enabled = false;
72 	return 0;
73 }
74 
75 early_param("nodebugmon", early_debug_disable);
76 
77 /*
78  * Keep track of debug users on each core.
79  * The ref counts are per-cpu so we use a local_t type.
80  */
81 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, mde_ref_count);
82 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(int, kde_ref_count);
83 
enable_debug_monitors(enum dbg_active_el el)84 void enable_debug_monitors(enum dbg_active_el el)
85 {
86 	u64 mdscr, enable = 0;
87 
88 	WARN_ON(preemptible());
89 
90 	if (this_cpu_inc_return(mde_ref_count) == 1)
91 		enable = MDSCR_EL1_MDE;
92 
93 	if (el == DBG_ACTIVE_EL1 &&
94 	    this_cpu_inc_return(kde_ref_count) == 1)
95 		enable |= MDSCR_EL1_KDE;
96 
97 	if (enable && debug_enabled) {
98 		mdscr = mdscr_read();
99 		mdscr |= enable;
100 		mdscr_write(mdscr);
101 	}
102 }
103 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(enable_debug_monitors);
104 
disable_debug_monitors(enum dbg_active_el el)105 void disable_debug_monitors(enum dbg_active_el el)
106 {
107 	u64 mdscr, disable = 0;
108 
109 	WARN_ON(preemptible());
110 
111 	if (this_cpu_dec_return(mde_ref_count) == 0)
112 		disable = ~MDSCR_EL1_MDE;
113 
114 	if (el == DBG_ACTIVE_EL1 &&
115 	    this_cpu_dec_return(kde_ref_count) == 0)
116 		disable &= ~MDSCR_EL1_KDE;
117 
118 	if (disable) {
119 		mdscr = mdscr_read();
120 		mdscr &= disable;
121 		mdscr_write(mdscr);
122 	}
123 }
124 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(disable_debug_monitors);
125 
126 /*
127  * OS lock clearing.
128  */
clear_os_lock(unsigned int cpu)129 static int clear_os_lock(unsigned int cpu)
130 {
131 	write_sysreg(0, osdlr_el1);
132 	write_sysreg(0, oslar_el1);
133 	isb();
134 	return 0;
135 }
136 
debug_monitors_init(void)137 static int __init debug_monitors_init(void)
138 {
139 	return cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ARM64_DEBUG_MONITORS_STARTING,
140 				 "arm64/debug_monitors:starting",
141 				 clear_os_lock, NULL);
142 }
143 postcore_initcall(debug_monitors_init);
144 
145 /*
146  * Single step API and exception handling.
147  */
set_user_regs_spsr_ss(struct user_pt_regs * regs)148 static void set_user_regs_spsr_ss(struct user_pt_regs *regs)
149 {
150 	regs->pstate |= DBG_SPSR_SS;
151 }
152 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(set_user_regs_spsr_ss);
153 
clear_user_regs_spsr_ss(struct user_pt_regs * regs)154 static void clear_user_regs_spsr_ss(struct user_pt_regs *regs)
155 {
156 	regs->pstate &= ~DBG_SPSR_SS;
157 }
158 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(clear_user_regs_spsr_ss);
159 
160 #define set_regs_spsr_ss(r)	set_user_regs_spsr_ss(&(r)->user_regs)
161 #define clear_regs_spsr_ss(r)	clear_user_regs_spsr_ss(&(r)->user_regs)
162 
send_user_sigtrap(int si_code)163 static void send_user_sigtrap(int si_code)
164 {
165 	struct pt_regs *regs = current_pt_regs();
166 
167 	if (WARN_ON(!user_mode(regs)))
168 		return;
169 
170 	if (interrupts_enabled(regs))
171 		local_irq_enable();
172 
173 	arm64_force_sig_fault(SIGTRAP, si_code, instruction_pointer(regs),
174 			      "User debug trap");
175 }
176 
177 /*
178  * We have already unmasked interrupts and enabled preemption
179  * when calling do_el0_softstep() from entry-common.c.
180  */
do_el0_softstep(unsigned long esr,struct pt_regs * regs)181 void do_el0_softstep(unsigned long esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
182 {
183 	if (uprobe_single_step_handler(regs, esr) == DBG_HOOK_HANDLED)
184 		return;
185 
186 	send_user_sigtrap(TRAP_TRACE);
187 	/*
188 	 * ptrace will disable single step unless explicitly
189 	 * asked to re-enable it. For other clients, it makes
190 	 * sense to leave it enabled (i.e. rewind the controls
191 	 * to the active-not-pending state).
192 	 */
193 	user_rewind_single_step(current);
194 }
195 
do_el1_softstep(unsigned long esr,struct pt_regs * regs)196 void do_el1_softstep(unsigned long esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
197 {
198 	if (kgdb_single_step_handler(regs, esr) == DBG_HOOK_HANDLED)
199 		return;
200 
201 	pr_warn("Unexpected kernel single-step exception at EL1\n");
202 	/*
203 	 * Re-enable stepping since we know that we will be
204 	 * returning to regs.
205 	 */
206 	set_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
207 }
208 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_el1_softstep);
209 
call_el1_break_hook(struct pt_regs * regs,unsigned long esr)210 static int call_el1_break_hook(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long esr)
211 {
212 	if (esr_brk_comment(esr) == BUG_BRK_IMM)
213 		return bug_brk_handler(regs, esr);
214 
215 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CFI_CLANG) && esr_is_cfi_brk(esr))
216 		return cfi_brk_handler(regs, esr);
217 
218 	if (esr_brk_comment(esr) == FAULT_BRK_IMM)
219 		return reserved_fault_brk_handler(regs, esr);
220 
221 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS) &&
222 		(esr_brk_comment(esr) & ~KASAN_BRK_MASK) == KASAN_BRK_IMM)
223 		return kasan_brk_handler(regs, esr);
224 
225 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UBSAN_TRAP) && esr_is_ubsan_brk(esr))
226 		return ubsan_brk_handler(regs, esr);
227 
228 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KGDB)) {
229 		if (esr_brk_comment(esr) == KGDB_DYN_DBG_BRK_IMM)
230 			return kgdb_brk_handler(regs, esr);
231 		if (esr_brk_comment(esr) == KGDB_COMPILED_DBG_BRK_IMM)
232 			return kgdb_compiled_brk_handler(regs, esr);
233 	}
234 
235 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KPROBES)) {
236 		if (esr_brk_comment(esr) == KPROBES_BRK_IMM)
237 			return kprobe_brk_handler(regs, esr);
238 		if (esr_brk_comment(esr) == KPROBES_BRK_SS_IMM)
239 			return kprobe_ss_brk_handler(regs, esr);
240 	}
241 
242 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KRETPROBES) &&
243 		esr_brk_comment(esr) == KRETPROBES_BRK_IMM)
244 		return kretprobe_brk_handler(regs, esr);
245 
246 	return DBG_HOOK_ERROR;
247 }
248 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(call_el1_break_hook);
249 
250 /*
251  * We have already unmasked interrupts and enabled preemption
252  * when calling do_el0_brk64() from entry-common.c.
253  */
do_el0_brk64(unsigned long esr,struct pt_regs * regs)254 void do_el0_brk64(unsigned long esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
255 {
256 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_UPROBES) &&
257 		esr_brk_comment(esr) == UPROBES_BRK_IMM &&
258 		uprobe_brk_handler(regs, esr) == DBG_HOOK_HANDLED)
259 		return;
260 
261 	send_user_sigtrap(TRAP_BRKPT);
262 }
263 
do_el1_brk64(unsigned long esr,struct pt_regs * regs)264 void do_el1_brk64(unsigned long esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
265 {
266 	if (call_el1_break_hook(regs, esr) == DBG_HOOK_HANDLED)
267 		return;
268 
269 	die("Oops - BRK", regs, esr);
270 }
271 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(do_el1_brk64);
272 
273 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
do_bkpt32(unsigned long esr,struct pt_regs * regs)274 void do_bkpt32(unsigned long esr, struct pt_regs *regs)
275 {
276 	arm64_notify_die("aarch32 BKPT", regs, SIGTRAP, TRAP_BRKPT, regs->pc, esr);
277 }
278 #endif /* CONFIG_COMPAT */
279 
try_handle_aarch32_break(struct pt_regs * regs)280 bool try_handle_aarch32_break(struct pt_regs *regs)
281 {
282 	u32 arm_instr;
283 	u16 thumb_instr;
284 	bool bp = false;
285 	void __user *pc = (void __user *)instruction_pointer(regs);
286 
287 	if (!compat_user_mode(regs))
288 		return false;
289 
290 	if (compat_thumb_mode(regs)) {
291 		/* get 16-bit Thumb instruction */
292 		__le16 instr;
293 		get_user(instr, (__le16 __user *)pc);
294 		thumb_instr = le16_to_cpu(instr);
295 		if (thumb_instr == AARCH32_BREAK_THUMB2_LO) {
296 			/* get second half of 32-bit Thumb-2 instruction */
297 			get_user(instr, (__le16 __user *)(pc + 2));
298 			thumb_instr = le16_to_cpu(instr);
299 			bp = thumb_instr == AARCH32_BREAK_THUMB2_HI;
300 		} else {
301 			bp = thumb_instr == AARCH32_BREAK_THUMB;
302 		}
303 	} else {
304 		/* 32-bit ARM instruction */
305 		__le32 instr;
306 		get_user(instr, (__le32 __user *)pc);
307 		arm_instr = le32_to_cpu(instr);
308 		bp = (arm_instr & ~0xf0000000) == AARCH32_BREAK_ARM;
309 	}
310 
311 	if (!bp)
312 		return false;
313 
314 	send_user_sigtrap(TRAP_BRKPT);
315 	return true;
316 }
317 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(try_handle_aarch32_break);
318 
319 /* Re-enable single step for syscall restarting. */
user_rewind_single_step(struct task_struct * task)320 void user_rewind_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
321 {
322 	/*
323 	 * If single step is active for this thread, then set SPSR.SS
324 	 * to 1 to avoid returning to the active-pending state.
325 	 */
326 	if (test_tsk_thread_flag(task, TIF_SINGLESTEP))
327 		set_regs_spsr_ss(task_pt_regs(task));
328 }
329 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(user_rewind_single_step);
330 
user_fastforward_single_step(struct task_struct * task)331 void user_fastforward_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
332 {
333 	if (test_tsk_thread_flag(task, TIF_SINGLESTEP))
334 		clear_regs_spsr_ss(task_pt_regs(task));
335 }
336 
user_regs_reset_single_step(struct user_pt_regs * regs,struct task_struct * task)337 void user_regs_reset_single_step(struct user_pt_regs *regs,
338 				 struct task_struct *task)
339 {
340 	if (test_tsk_thread_flag(task, TIF_SINGLESTEP))
341 		set_user_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
342 	else
343 		clear_user_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
344 }
345 
346 /* Kernel API */
kernel_enable_single_step(struct pt_regs * regs)347 void kernel_enable_single_step(struct pt_regs *regs)
348 {
349 	WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
350 	set_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
351 	mdscr_write(mdscr_read() | MDSCR_EL1_SS);
352 	enable_debug_monitors(DBG_ACTIVE_EL1);
353 }
354 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kernel_enable_single_step);
355 
kernel_disable_single_step(void)356 void kernel_disable_single_step(void)
357 {
358 	WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
359 	mdscr_write(mdscr_read() & ~MDSCR_EL1_SS);
360 	disable_debug_monitors(DBG_ACTIVE_EL1);
361 }
362 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kernel_disable_single_step);
363 
kernel_active_single_step(void)364 int kernel_active_single_step(void)
365 {
366 	WARN_ON(!irqs_disabled());
367 	return mdscr_read() & MDSCR_EL1_SS;
368 }
369 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kernel_active_single_step);
370 
kernel_rewind_single_step(struct pt_regs * regs)371 void kernel_rewind_single_step(struct pt_regs *regs)
372 {
373 	set_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
374 }
375 
kernel_fastforward_single_step(struct pt_regs * regs)376 void kernel_fastforward_single_step(struct pt_regs *regs)
377 {
378 	clear_regs_spsr_ss(regs);
379 }
380 
381 /* ptrace API */
user_enable_single_step(struct task_struct * task)382 void user_enable_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
383 {
384 	struct thread_info *ti = task_thread_info(task);
385 
386 	if (!test_and_set_ti_thread_flag(ti, TIF_SINGLESTEP))
387 		set_regs_spsr_ss(task_pt_regs(task));
388 }
389 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(user_enable_single_step);
390 
user_disable_single_step(struct task_struct * task)391 void user_disable_single_step(struct task_struct *task)
392 {
393 	clear_ti_thread_flag(task_thread_info(task), TIF_SINGLESTEP);
394 }
395 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(user_disable_single_step);
396