1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3 * Copyright (c) 2025 NVIDIA Corporation.
4 */
5 #define _GNU_SOURCE
6 #include <stdio.h>
7 #include <stdlib.h>
8 #include <unistd.h>
9 #include <sched.h>
10 #include <sys/prctl.h>
11 #include <sys/types.h>
12 #include <sys/wait.h>
13 #include <time.h>
14 #include <linux/sched.h>
15 #include <signal.h>
16 #include <bpf/bpf.h>
17 #include <scx/common.h>
18 #include "rt_stall.bpf.skel.h"
19 #include "scx_test.h"
20 #include "../kselftest.h"
21
22 #define CORE_ID 0 /* CPU to pin tasks to */
23 #define RUN_TIME 5 /* How long to run the test in seconds */
24
25 /* Signal the parent that setup is complete by writing to a pipe */
signal_ready(int fd)26 static void signal_ready(int fd)
27 {
28 char c = 1;
29
30 if (write(fd, &c, 1) != 1) {
31 perror("write to ready pipe");
32 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
33 }
34 close(fd);
35 }
36
37 /* Wait for a child to signal readiness via a pipe */
wait_ready(int fd)38 static void wait_ready(int fd)
39 {
40 char c;
41
42 if (read(fd, &c, 1) != 1) {
43 perror("read from ready pipe");
44 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
45 }
46 close(fd);
47 }
48
49 /* Simple busy-wait function for test tasks */
process_func(void)50 static void process_func(void)
51 {
52 while (1) {
53 /* Busy wait */
54 for (volatile unsigned long i = 0; i < 10000000UL; i++)
55 ;
56 }
57 }
58
59 /* Set CPU affinity to a specific core */
set_affinity(int cpu)60 static void set_affinity(int cpu)
61 {
62 cpu_set_t mask;
63
64 CPU_ZERO(&mask);
65 CPU_SET(cpu, &mask);
66 if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask) != 0) {
67 perror("sched_setaffinity");
68 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
69 }
70 }
71
72 /* Set task scheduling policy and priority */
set_sched(int policy,int priority)73 static void set_sched(int policy, int priority)
74 {
75 struct sched_param param;
76
77 param.sched_priority = priority;
78 if (sched_setscheduler(0, policy, ¶m) != 0) {
79 perror("sched_setscheduler");
80 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
81 }
82 }
83
84 /* Get process runtime from /proc/<pid>/stat */
get_process_runtime(int pid)85 static float get_process_runtime(int pid)
86 {
87 char path[256];
88 FILE *file;
89 long utime, stime;
90 int fields;
91
92 snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%d/stat", pid);
93 file = fopen(path, "r");
94 if (file == NULL) {
95 perror("Failed to open stat file");
96 return -1;
97 }
98
99 /* Skip the first 13 fields and read the 14th and 15th */
100 fields = fscanf(file,
101 "%*d %*s %*c %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*u %*u %*u %*u %*u %lu %lu",
102 &utime, &stime);
103 fclose(file);
104
105 if (fields != 2) {
106 fprintf(stderr, "Failed to read stat file\n");
107 return -1;
108 }
109
110 /* Calculate the total time spent in the process */
111 long total_time = utime + stime;
112 long ticks_per_second = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
113 float runtime_seconds = total_time * 1.0 / ticks_per_second;
114
115 return runtime_seconds;
116 }
117
setup(void ** ctx)118 static enum scx_test_status setup(void **ctx)
119 {
120 struct rt_stall *skel;
121
122 skel = rt_stall__open();
123 SCX_FAIL_IF(!skel, "Failed to open");
124 SCX_ENUM_INIT(skel);
125 SCX_FAIL_IF(rt_stall__load(skel), "Failed to load skel");
126
127 *ctx = skel;
128
129 return SCX_TEST_PASS;
130 }
131
sched_stress_test(bool is_ext)132 static bool sched_stress_test(bool is_ext)
133 {
134 /*
135 * We're expecting the EXT task to get around 5% of CPU time when
136 * competing with the RT task (small 1% fluctuations are expected).
137 *
138 * However, the EXT task should get at least 4% of the CPU to prove
139 * that the EXT deadline server is working correctly. A percentage
140 * less than 4% indicates a bug where RT tasks can potentially
141 * stall SCHED_EXT tasks, causing the test to fail.
142 */
143 const float expected_min_ratio = 0.04; /* 4% */
144 const char *class_str = is_ext ? "EXT" : "FAIR";
145
146 float ext_runtime, rt_runtime, actual_ratio;
147 int ext_pid, rt_pid;
148 int ext_ready[2], rt_ready[2];
149
150 ksft_print_header();
151 ksft_set_plan(1);
152
153 if (pipe(ext_ready) || pipe(rt_ready)) {
154 perror("pipe");
155 ksft_exit_fail();
156 }
157
158 /* Create and set up a EXT task */
159 ext_pid = fork();
160 if (ext_pid == 0) {
161 close(ext_ready[0]);
162 close(rt_ready[0]);
163 close(rt_ready[1]);
164 set_affinity(CORE_ID);
165 signal_ready(ext_ready[1]);
166 process_func();
167 exit(0);
168 } else if (ext_pid < 0) {
169 perror("fork task");
170 ksft_exit_fail();
171 }
172
173 /* Create an RT task */
174 rt_pid = fork();
175 if (rt_pid == 0) {
176 close(ext_ready[0]);
177 close(ext_ready[1]);
178 close(rt_ready[0]);
179 set_affinity(CORE_ID);
180 set_sched(SCHED_FIFO, 50);
181 signal_ready(rt_ready[1]);
182 process_func();
183 exit(0);
184 } else if (rt_pid < 0) {
185 perror("fork for RT task");
186 ksft_exit_fail();
187 }
188
189 /*
190 * Wait for both children to complete their setup (affinity and
191 * scheduling policy) before starting the measurement window.
192 * This prevents flaky failures caused by the RT child's setup
193 * time eating into the measurement period.
194 */
195 close(ext_ready[1]);
196 close(rt_ready[1]);
197 wait_ready(ext_ready[0]);
198 wait_ready(rt_ready[0]);
199
200 /* Let the processes run for the specified time */
201 sleep(RUN_TIME);
202
203 /* Get runtime for the EXT task */
204 ext_runtime = get_process_runtime(ext_pid);
205 if (ext_runtime == -1)
206 ksft_exit_fail_msg("Error getting runtime for %s task (PID %d)\n",
207 class_str, ext_pid);
208 ksft_print_msg("Runtime of %s task (PID %d) is %f seconds\n",
209 class_str, ext_pid, ext_runtime);
210
211 /* Get runtime for the RT task */
212 rt_runtime = get_process_runtime(rt_pid);
213 if (rt_runtime == -1)
214 ksft_exit_fail_msg("Error getting runtime for RT task (PID %d)\n", rt_pid);
215 ksft_print_msg("Runtime of RT task (PID %d) is %f seconds\n", rt_pid, rt_runtime);
216
217 /* Kill the processes */
218 kill(ext_pid, SIGKILL);
219 kill(rt_pid, SIGKILL);
220 waitpid(ext_pid, NULL, 0);
221 waitpid(rt_pid, NULL, 0);
222
223 /* Verify that the scx task got enough runtime */
224 actual_ratio = ext_runtime / (ext_runtime + rt_runtime);
225 ksft_print_msg("%s task got %.2f%% of total runtime\n",
226 class_str, actual_ratio * 100);
227
228 if (actual_ratio >= expected_min_ratio) {
229 ksft_test_result_pass("PASS: %s task got more than %.2f%% of runtime\n",
230 class_str, expected_min_ratio * 100);
231 return true;
232 }
233 ksft_test_result_fail("FAIL: %s task got less than %.2f%% of runtime\n",
234 class_str, expected_min_ratio * 100);
235 return false;
236 }
237
run(void * ctx)238 static enum scx_test_status run(void *ctx)
239 {
240 struct rt_stall *skel = ctx;
241 struct bpf_link *link = NULL;
242 bool res;
243 int i;
244
245 /*
246 * Test if the dl_server is working both with and without the
247 * sched_ext scheduler attached.
248 *
249 * This ensures all the scenarios are covered:
250 * - fair_server stop -> ext_server start
251 * - ext_server stop -> fair_server stop
252 */
253 for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
254 bool is_ext = i % 2;
255
256 if (is_ext) {
257 memset(&skel->data->uei, 0, sizeof(skel->data->uei));
258 link = bpf_map__attach_struct_ops(skel->maps.rt_stall_ops);
259 SCX_FAIL_IF(!link, "Failed to attach scheduler");
260 }
261 res = sched_stress_test(is_ext);
262 if (is_ext) {
263 SCX_EQ(skel->data->uei.kind, EXIT_KIND(SCX_EXIT_NONE));
264 bpf_link__destroy(link);
265 }
266
267 if (!res)
268 ksft_exit_fail();
269 }
270
271 return SCX_TEST_PASS;
272 }
273
cleanup(void * ctx)274 static void cleanup(void *ctx)
275 {
276 struct rt_stall *skel = ctx;
277
278 rt_stall__destroy(skel);
279 }
280
281 struct scx_test rt_stall = {
282 .name = "rt_stall",
283 .description = "Verify that RT tasks cannot stall SCHED_EXT tasks",
284 .setup = setup,
285 .run = run,
286 .cleanup = cleanup,
287 };
288 REGISTER_SCX_TEST(&rt_stall)
289