xref: /linux/fs/fat/fat.h (revision fab183d632628381b466a41479489541ac0e29a0)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _FAT_H
3 #define _FAT_H
4 
5 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
6 #include <linux/nls.h>
7 #include <linux/hash.h>
8 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
9 #include <linux/msdos_fs.h>
10 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
11 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
12 
13 struct file_kattr;
14 
15 /*
16  * vfat shortname flags
17  */
18 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER	0x0001 /* convert to lowercase for display */
19 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95	0x0002 /* emulate win95 rule for display */
20 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT	0x0004 /* emulate winnt rule for display */
21 #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95	0x0100 /* emulate win95 rule for create */
22 #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT	0x0200 /* emulate winnt rule for create */
23 
24 #define FAT_ERRORS_CONT		1      /* ignore error and continue */
25 #define FAT_ERRORS_PANIC	2      /* panic on error */
26 #define FAT_ERRORS_RO		3      /* remount r/o on error */
27 
28 #define FAT_NFS_STALE_RW	1      /* NFS RW support, can cause ESTALE */
29 #define FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO	2      /* NFS RO support, no ESTALE issue */
30 
31 struct fat_mount_options {
32 	kuid_t fs_uid;
33 	kgid_t fs_gid;
34 	unsigned short fs_fmask;
35 	unsigned short fs_dmask;
36 	unsigned short codepage;   /* Codepage for shortname conversions */
37 	int time_offset;	   /* Offset of timestamps from UTC (in minutes) */
38 	char *iocharset;           /* Charset used for filename input/display */
39 	unsigned short shortname;  /* flags for shortname display/create rule */
40 	unsigned char name_check;  /* r = relaxed, n = normal, s = strict */
41 	unsigned char errors;	   /* On error: continue, panic, remount-ro */
42 	unsigned char nfs;	  /* NFS support: nostale_ro, stale_rw */
43 	unsigned short allow_utime;/* permission for setting the [am]time */
44 	unsigned quiet:1,          /* set = fake successful chmods and chowns */
45 		 showexec:1,       /* set = only set x bit for com/exe/bat */
46 		 sys_immutable:1,  /* set = system files are immutable */
47 		 dotsOK:1,         /* set = hidden and system files are named '.filename' */
48 		 isvfat:1,         /* 0=no vfat long filename support, 1=vfat support */
49 		 utf8:1,	   /* Use of UTF-8 character set (Default) */
50 		 unicode_xlate:1,  /* create escape sequences for unhandled Unicode */
51 		 numtail:1,        /* Does first alias have a numeric '~1' type tail? */
52 		 flush:1,	   /* write things quickly */
53 		 nocase:1,	   /* Does this need case conversion? 0=need case conversion*/
54 		 usefree:1,	   /* Use free_clusters for FAT32 */
55 		 tz_set:1,	   /* Filesystem timestamps' offset set */
56 		 rodir:1,	   /* allow ATTR_RO for directory */
57 		 discard:1,	   /* Issue discard requests on deletions */
58 		 dos1xfloppy:1,	   /* Assume default BPB for DOS 1.x floppies */
59 		 debug:1;	   /* Not currently used */
60 };
61 
62 #define FAT_HASH_BITS	8
63 #define FAT_HASH_SIZE	(1UL << FAT_HASH_BITS)
64 
65 /*
66  * MS-DOS file system in-core superblock data
67  */
68 struct msdos_sb_info {
69 	unsigned short sec_per_clus;  /* sectors/cluster */
70 	unsigned short cluster_bits;  /* log2(cluster_size) */
71 	unsigned int cluster_size;    /* cluster size */
72 	unsigned char fats, fat_bits; /* number of FATs, FAT bits (12,16 or 32) */
73 	unsigned short fat_start;
74 	unsigned long fat_length;     /* FAT start & length (sec.) */
75 	unsigned long dir_start;
76 	unsigned short dir_entries;   /* root dir start & entries */
77 	unsigned long data_start;     /* first data sector */
78 	unsigned long max_cluster;    /* maximum cluster number */
79 	unsigned long root_cluster;   /* first cluster of the root directory */
80 	unsigned long fsinfo_sector;  /* sector number of FAT32 fsinfo */
81 	struct mutex fat_lock;
82 	struct mutex nfs_build_inode_lock;
83 	struct mutex s_lock;
84 	unsigned int prev_free;      /* previously allocated cluster number */
85 	unsigned int free_clusters;  /* -1 if undefined */
86 	unsigned int free_clus_valid; /* is free_clusters valid? */
87 	struct fat_mount_options options;
88 	struct nls_table *nls_disk;   /* Codepage used on disk */
89 	struct nls_table *nls_io;     /* Charset used for input and display */
90 	const void *dir_ops;	      /* Opaque; default directory operations */
91 	int dir_per_block;	      /* dir entries per block */
92 	int dir_per_block_bits;	      /* log2(dir_per_block) */
93 	unsigned int vol_id;		/*volume ID*/
94 
95 	int fatent_shift;
96 	const struct fatent_operations *fatent_ops;
97 	struct inode *fat_inode;
98 	struct inode *fsinfo_inode;
99 
100 	struct ratelimit_state ratelimit;
101 
102 	spinlock_t inode_hash_lock;
103 	struct hlist_head inode_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
104 
105 	spinlock_t dir_hash_lock;
106 	struct hlist_head dir_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
107 
108 	unsigned int dirty;           /* fs state before mount */
109 	struct rcu_head rcu;
110 };
111 
112 #define FAT_CACHE_VALID	0	/* special case for valid cache */
113 
114 /*
115  * MS-DOS file system inode data in memory
116  */
117 struct msdos_inode_info {
118 	spinlock_t cache_lru_lock;
119 	struct list_head cache_lru;
120 	int nr_caches;
121 	/* for avoiding the race between fat_free() and fat_get_cluster() */
122 	unsigned int cache_valid_id;
123 
124 	/* NOTE: mmu_private is 64bits, so must hold ->i_mutex to access */
125 	loff_t mmu_private;	/* physically allocated size */
126 
127 	int i_start;		/* first cluster or 0 */
128 	int i_logstart;		/* logical first cluster */
129 	int i_attrs;		/* unused attribute bits */
130 	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry or 0 */
131 	struct hlist_node i_fat_hash;	/* hash by i_location */
132 	struct hlist_node i_dir_hash;	/* hash by i_logstart */
133 	struct rw_semaphore truncate_lock; /* protect bmap against truncate */
134 	struct timespec64 i_crtime;	/* File creation (birth) time */
135 	struct mapping_metadata_bhs i_metadata_bhs;
136 	struct inode vfs_inode;
137 };
138 
139 struct fat_slot_info {
140 	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry */
141 	loff_t slot_off;	/* offset for slot or de start */
142 	int nr_slots;		/* number of slots + 1(de) in filename */
143 	struct msdos_dir_entry *de;
144 	struct buffer_head *bh;
145 };
146 
MSDOS_SB(struct super_block * sb)147 static inline struct msdos_sb_info *MSDOS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
148 {
149 	return sb->s_fs_info;
150 }
151 
152 /*
153  * Functions that determine the variant of the FAT file system (i.e.,
154  * whether this is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32.
155  */
is_fat12(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi)156 static inline bool is_fat12(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
157 {
158 	return sbi->fat_bits == 12;
159 }
160 
is_fat16(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi)161 static inline bool is_fat16(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
162 {
163 	return sbi->fat_bits == 16;
164 }
165 
is_fat32(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi)166 static inline bool is_fat32(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
167 {
168 	return sbi->fat_bits == 32;
169 }
170 
171 /* Maximum number of clusters */
max_fat(struct super_block * sb)172 static inline u32 max_fat(struct super_block *sb)
173 {
174 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
175 
176 	return is_fat32(sbi) ? MAX_FAT32 :
177 		is_fat16(sbi) ? MAX_FAT16 : MAX_FAT12;
178 }
179 
MSDOS_I(struct inode * inode)180 static inline struct msdos_inode_info *MSDOS_I(struct inode *inode)
181 {
182 	return container_of(inode, struct msdos_inode_info, vfs_inode);
183 }
184 
185 /*
186  * If ->i_mode can't hold S_IWUGO (i.e. ATTR_RO), we use ->i_attrs to
187  * save ATTR_RO instead of ->i_mode.
188  *
189  * If it's directory and !sbi->options.rodir, ATTR_RO isn't read-only
190  * bit, it's just used as flag for app.
191  */
fat_mode_can_hold_ro(struct inode * inode)192 static inline int fat_mode_can_hold_ro(struct inode *inode)
193 {
194 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
195 	umode_t mask;
196 
197 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
198 		if (!sbi->options.rodir)
199 			return 0;
200 		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_dmask;
201 	} else
202 		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_fmask;
203 
204 	if (!(mask & S_IWUGO))
205 		return 0;
206 	return 1;
207 }
208 
209 /* Convert attribute bits and a mask to the UNIX mode. */
fat_make_mode(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,u8 attrs,umode_t mode)210 static inline umode_t fat_make_mode(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
211 				   u8 attrs, umode_t mode)
212 {
213 	if (attrs & ATTR_RO && !((attrs & ATTR_DIR) && !sbi->options.rodir))
214 		mode &= ~S_IWUGO;
215 
216 	if (attrs & ATTR_DIR)
217 		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_dmask) | S_IFDIR;
218 	else
219 		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_fmask) | S_IFREG;
220 }
221 
222 /* Return the FAT attribute byte for this inode */
fat_make_attrs(struct inode * inode)223 static inline u8 fat_make_attrs(struct inode *inode)
224 {
225 	u8 attrs = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs;
226 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
227 		attrs |= ATTR_DIR;
228 	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode) && !(inode->i_mode & S_IWUGO))
229 		attrs |= ATTR_RO;
230 	return attrs;
231 }
232 
fat_save_attrs(struct inode * inode,u8 attrs)233 static inline void fat_save_attrs(struct inode *inode, u8 attrs)
234 {
235 	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode))
236 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & ATTR_UNUSED;
237 	else
238 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & (ATTR_UNUSED | ATTR_RO);
239 }
240 
fat_checksum(const __u8 * name)241 static inline unsigned char fat_checksum(const __u8 *name)
242 {
243 	unsigned char s = name[0];
244 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[1];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[2];
245 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[3];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[4];
246 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[5];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[6];
247 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[7];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[8];
248 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[9];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[10];
249 	return s;
250 }
251 
fat_clus_to_blknr(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,int clus)252 static inline sector_t fat_clus_to_blknr(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int clus)
253 {
254 	return ((sector_t)clus - FAT_START_ENT) * sbi->sec_per_clus
255 		+ sbi->data_start;
256 }
257 
fat_get_blknr_offset(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,loff_t i_pos,sector_t * blknr,int * offset)258 static inline void fat_get_blknr_offset(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
259 				loff_t i_pos, sector_t *blknr, int *offset)
260 {
261 	*blknr = i_pos >> sbi->dir_per_block_bits;
262 	*offset = i_pos & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1);
263 }
264 
fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,struct inode * inode)265 static inline loff_t fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
266 					struct inode *inode)
267 {
268 	loff_t i_pos;
269 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
270 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
271 #endif
272 	i_pos = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos;
273 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
274 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
275 #endif
276 	return i_pos;
277 }
278 
fat16_towchar(wchar_t * dst,const __u8 * src,size_t len)279 static inline void fat16_towchar(wchar_t *dst, const __u8 *src, size_t len)
280 {
281 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
282 	while (len--) {
283 		*dst++ = src[0] | (src[1] << 8);
284 		src += 2;
285 	}
286 #else
287 	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
288 #endif
289 }
290 
fat_get_start(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,const struct msdos_dir_entry * de)291 static inline int fat_get_start(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
292 				const struct msdos_dir_entry *de)
293 {
294 	int cluster = le16_to_cpu(de->start);
295 	if (is_fat32(sbi))
296 		cluster |= (le16_to_cpu(de->starthi) << 16);
297 	return cluster;
298 }
299 
fat_set_start(struct msdos_dir_entry * de,int cluster)300 static inline void fat_set_start(struct msdos_dir_entry *de, int cluster)
301 {
302 	de->start   = cpu_to_le16(cluster);
303 	de->starthi = cpu_to_le16(cluster >> 16);
304 }
305 
fatwchar_to16(__u8 * dst,const wchar_t * src,size_t len)306 static inline void fatwchar_to16(__u8 *dst, const wchar_t *src, size_t len)
307 {
308 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
309 	while (len--) {
310 		dst[0] = *src & 0x00FF;
311 		dst[1] = (*src & 0xFF00) >> 8;
312 		dst += 2;
313 		src++;
314 	}
315 #else
316 	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
317 #endif
318 }
319 
320 /* fat/cache.c */
321 extern void fat_cache_inval_inode(struct inode *inode);
322 extern int fat_get_cluster(struct inode *inode, int cluster,
323 			   int *fclus, int *dclus);
324 extern int fat_get_mapped_cluster(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector,
325 				  sector_t last_block,
326 				  unsigned long *mapped_blocks, sector_t *bmap);
327 extern int fat_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector, sector_t *phys,
328 		    unsigned long *mapped_blocks, int create, bool from_bmap);
329 
330 /* fat/dir.c */
331 extern const struct file_operations fat_dir_operations;
332 extern int fat_search_long(struct inode *inode, const unsigned char *name,
333 			   int name_len, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
334 extern int fat_dir_empty(struct inode *dir);
335 extern int fat_subdirs(struct inode *dir);
336 extern int fat_scan(struct inode *dir, const unsigned char *name,
337 		    struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
338 extern int fat_scan_logstart(struct inode *dir, int i_logstart,
339 			     struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
340 extern int fat_get_dotdot_entry(struct inode *dir, struct buffer_head **bh,
341 				struct msdos_dir_entry **de);
342 extern int fat_alloc_new_dir(struct inode *dir, struct timespec64 *ts);
343 extern int fat_add_entries(struct inode *dir, void *slots, int nr_slots,
344 			   struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
345 extern int fat_remove_entries(struct inode *dir, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
346 
347 /* fat/fatent.c */
348 struct fat_entry {
349 	int entry;
350 	union {
351 		u8 *ent12_p[2];
352 		__le16 *ent16_p;
353 		__le32 *ent32_p;
354 	} u;
355 	int nr_bhs;
356 	struct buffer_head *bhs[2];
357 	struct inode *fat_inode;
358 };
359 
fatent_init(struct fat_entry * fatent)360 static inline void fatent_init(struct fat_entry *fatent)
361 {
362 	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
363 	fatent->entry = 0;
364 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
365 	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
366 	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
367 }
368 
fatent_set_entry(struct fat_entry * fatent,int entry)369 static inline void fatent_set_entry(struct fat_entry *fatent, int entry)
370 {
371 	fatent->entry = entry;
372 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
373 }
374 
fatent_brelse(struct fat_entry * fatent)375 static inline void fatent_brelse(struct fat_entry *fatent)
376 {
377 	int i;
378 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
379 	for (i = 0; i < fatent->nr_bhs; i++)
380 		brelse(fatent->bhs[i]);
381 	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
382 	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
383 	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
384 }
385 
fat_valid_entry(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,int entry)386 static inline bool fat_valid_entry(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int entry)
387 {
388 	return FAT_START_ENT <= entry && entry < sbi->max_cluster;
389 }
390 
391 extern void fat_ent_access_init(struct super_block *sb);
392 extern int fat_ent_read(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
393 			int entry);
394 extern int fat_ent_write(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
395 			 int new, int wait);
396 extern int fat_alloc_clusters(struct inode *inode, int *cluster,
397 			      int nr_cluster);
398 extern int fat_free_clusters(struct inode *inode, int cluster);
399 extern int fat_count_free_clusters(struct super_block *sb);
400 extern int fat_trim_fs(struct inode *inode, struct fstrim_range *range);
401 
402 /* fat/file.c */
403 extern long fat_generic_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd,
404 			      unsigned long arg);
405 extern const struct file_operations fat_file_operations;
406 extern const struct inode_operations fat_file_inode_operations;
407 extern int fat_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
408 		       struct iattr *attr);
409 extern void fat_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset);
410 extern int fat_getattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
411 		       const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
412 		       u32 request_mask, unsigned int flags);
413 int fat_fileattr_get(struct dentry *dentry, struct file_kattr *fa);
414 extern int fat_file_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
415 			  int datasync);
416 
417 /* fat/inode.c */
418 extern int fat_block_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t from);
419 extern void fat_attach(struct inode *inode, loff_t i_pos);
420 extern void fat_detach(struct inode *inode);
421 extern struct inode *fat_iget(struct super_block *sb, loff_t i_pos);
422 extern struct inode *fat_build_inode(struct super_block *sb,
423 			struct msdos_dir_entry *de, loff_t i_pos);
424 extern int fat_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc,
425 			  void (*setup)(struct super_block *));
426 extern int fat_fill_inode(struct inode *inode, struct msdos_dir_entry *de);
427 
428 extern int fat_flush_inodes(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *i1,
429 			    struct inode *i2);
430 
431 extern const struct fs_parameter_spec fat_param_spec[];
432 int fat_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc, bool is_vfat);
433 void fat_free_fc(struct fs_context *fc);
434 
435 int fat_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param,
436 		    bool is_vfat);
437 int fat_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc);
438 
fat_dir_hash(int logstart)439 static inline unsigned long fat_dir_hash(int logstart)
440 {
441 	return hash_32(logstart, FAT_HASH_BITS);
442 }
443 extern int fat_add_cluster(struct inode *inode);
444 
445 /* fat/misc.c */
446 extern __printf(3, 4) __cold
447 void __fat_fs_error(struct super_block *sb, int report, const char *fmt, ...);
448 #define fat_fs_error(sb, fmt, args...)		\
449 	__fat_fs_error(sb, 1, fmt , ## args)
450 #define fat_fs_error_ratelimit(sb, fmt, args...) \
451 	__fat_fs_error(sb, __ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit), fmt , ## args)
452 
453 #define FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX "%sFAT-fs (%s): "
454 #define fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, args...)				\
455 do {									\
456 	printk_index_subsys_emit(FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX, level, fmt, ##args);\
457 	_fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ##args);				\
458 } while (0)
459 __printf(3, 4) __cold
460 void _fat_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level, const char *fmt, ...);
461 #define fat_msg_ratelimit(sb, level, fmt, args...)	\
462 	do {	\
463 			if (__ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit))	\
464 				fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ## args);	\
465 	 } while (0)
466 extern int fat_clusters_flush(struct super_block *sb);
467 extern int fat_chain_add(struct inode *inode, int new_dclus, int nr_cluster);
468 extern void fat_time_fat2unix(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
469 			      __le16 __time, __le16 __date, u8 time_cs);
470 extern void fat_time_unix2fat(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
471 			      __le16 *time, __le16 *date, u8 *time_cs);
472 extern struct timespec64 fat_truncate_atime(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
473 					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
474 #define FAT_UPDATE_ATIME	(1u << 0)
475 #define FAT_UPDATE_CMTIME	(1u << 1)
476 void fat_truncate_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
477 		unsigned int flags);
478 int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, enum fs_update_time type,
479 		unsigned int flags);
480 extern int fat_sync_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr_bhs);
481 
482 int fat_cache_init(void);
483 void fat_cache_destroy(void);
484 
485 /* fat/nfs.c */
486 extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops;
487 extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops_nostale;
488 
489 /* helper for printk */
490 typedef unsigned long long	llu;
491 
492 #endif /* !_FAT_H */
493