xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 1b832d5d8cc6a24d6fa8691397bafc077b0c4b88)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020250630:
31	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
32	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
33	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
34	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
35	sources.
36
3720250625:
38	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
39	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
40
4120250614:
42	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
43	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
44	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
45	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
46	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
47	delete-old.
48
49	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
50	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
51	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
52	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
53
54	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
55	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
56	is a little involved.
57
5820250603:
59	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
60	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
61
6220250527:
63	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
64	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
65	protocol.
66
6720250527:
68	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
69	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
70	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
71
7220250527:
73	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
74	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
75	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
76
77	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
78	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
79	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
80	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
81	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
82
8320250521:
84	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
85	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
86	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
87	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
88	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
89	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
90
9120250515:
92	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
93	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
94
9520250513:
96	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
97	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
98	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
99
10020250507:
101	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
102	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
103	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
104	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
105	any regression reports.
106
10720250504:
108	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
109	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
110
11120250412:
112	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
113	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
114	to be recompiled.
115	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
116
11720250409:
118	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
119	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
120	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
121	building it from ports.
122
12320250314:
124	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
125	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
126	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
127
12820250303:
129	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
130	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
131	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
132	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
133	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
134
13520250214:
136	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
137	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
138	need to be rebuilt from sources.
139
14020250201:
141	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
142	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
143	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
144	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
145	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
146	avoided.
147
14820250129:
149	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
150	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
151	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
152
15320250127:
154	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
155	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
156	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
157	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
158
15920250106:
160	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
161	targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
162	this SoC familly will be selected.
163	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
164
16520241223:
166	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
167	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
168	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
169
17020241216:
171	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
172	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
173	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
174
17520241124:
176	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
177	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
178	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
179
18020241107:
181	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
182	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
183	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
184	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
185
18620241025:
187	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
188	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
189	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
190	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
191	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
192
19320241013:
194	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
195	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
196	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
197	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
198
19920240729:
200	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
201	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
202	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
203	behaviour.
204
205	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
206	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
207	added, if necessary.
208
20920240715:
210	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
211	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
212	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
213	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
214		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
215	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
216	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
217	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
218
21920240712:
220	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
221
22220240617:
223	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
224	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
225	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
226
22720240428:
228	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
229	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
230	should install FreeBSD-audit.
231
23220240424:
233	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
234	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
235	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
236
23720240406:
238	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
239	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
240	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
241	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
242	errors in C++ programs.
243
24420240205:
245	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
246	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
247	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
248	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
249
25020240202:
251	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
252	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
253	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
254	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
255
256	The following sequencing is applied:
257
258	1. Bootstrap:
259	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
260
261	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
262	    /boot/device.hints
263	    /boot/loader.conf
264
265	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
266	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
267
268	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
269	    /boot/loader.conf.local
270
27120240201:
272	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
273	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
274	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
275	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
276	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
277
27820240111:
279	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
280	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
281	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
282	bumped to 1500010.
283
28420231120:
285	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
286	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
287	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
288	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
289	undisable ACPI by doing
290		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
291	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
292	small window where amd64 was also broken.
293
29420231113:
295	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
296	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
297
29820231027:
299	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
300	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
301
30220231018:
303	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
304	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
305
30620231010:
307	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
308	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
309	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
310	dialog(1).
311
312	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
313	from ports:
314
315	pkg install cdialog
316
31720230927:
318	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
319	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
320	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
321
32220230922:
323	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
324	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
325	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
326
32720230914:
328	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
329	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
330
33120230911:
332	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
333	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
334	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
335	for these file moves:
336
337		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
338		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
339		pkg upgrade -y
340
34120230909:
342	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
343	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
344	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
345	corresponding kernel environment variables.
346
34720230901:
348	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
349	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
350
35120230824:
352	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
353
35420230817:
355	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
356	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
357	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
358	configuration.
359
360	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
361	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
362	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
363	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
364	with the serial port at 115200.
365
36620230807:
367	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
368	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
369	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
370	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
371	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
372
37320230803:
374	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
375	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
376
37720230724:
378	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
379	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
380	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
381	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
382	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
383
38420230713:
385	stable/14 branch created.
386
38720230629:
388	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
389	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
390	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
391	file a PR and assign it to imp.
392
39320230623:
394	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
395	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
396	after upgrading.
397
39820230619:
399	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
400	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
401	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
402	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
403
404		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
405		service pf restart
406
407	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
408	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
409
41020230613:
411	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
412	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
413	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
414	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
415	already properly quoted or escaped.
416
41720230612:
418	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
419	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
420	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
421	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
422	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
423	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
424	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
425	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
426
427	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
428	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
429
43020230422:
431	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
432	using git instead.
433
43420230420:
435	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
436	eg.
437		make buildworld-jobs
438	runs
439		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
440
441	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
442
44320230316:
444	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
445	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
446	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
447	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
448	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
449	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
450	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
451	exist anymore.
452
45320230221:
454	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
455	for details.
456
45720230206:
458	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
459	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
460	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
461
46220230204:
463	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
464	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
465
46620230130:
467	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
468	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
469	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
470
47120230126:
472	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
473	system are now built unconditionally.
474
47520230113:
476	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
477	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
478
47920221212:
480	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
481	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
482
483	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
484	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
485	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
486
48720221205:
488	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
489	to reenable sendmail(8):
490
491	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
492
493	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
494
49520221204:
496	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
497	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
498	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
499	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
500	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
501	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
502
503	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
504
50520221122:
506	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
507	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
508	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
509
51020221121:
511	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
512	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
513
51420221026:
515	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
516	for pkgbase users to do:
517
518	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
519	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
520
521	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
522	installed.
523
52420221002:
525	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
526	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
527	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
528	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
529
53020220610:
531	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
532	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
533
53420211230:
535	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
536	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
537	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
538	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
539	reflect this change.
540
54120211214:
542	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
543	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
544
54520211209:
546	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
547	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
548	the coming days and weeks.
549
550	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
551	or touch
552		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
553		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
554		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
555		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
556	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
557
55820211202:
559	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
560	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
561	statement in unbound.conf:
562		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
563
564	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
565
566	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
567	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
568	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
569	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
570	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
571	such names when roaming to different homenets.
572
57320211110:
574	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
575	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
576	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
577	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
578	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
579	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
580	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
581	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
582	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
583	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
584	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
585
58620211118:
587	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
588	tree shortly.
589
59020211106:
591	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
592	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
593	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
594	may need to be modified.
595
59620211022:
597	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
598	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
599	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
600
60120211020:
602	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
603	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
604
605	# chsh -s csh
606
60720211004:
608	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
609	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
610	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
611	this change.
612
61320210923:
614	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
615	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
616	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
617	list of modules to load on their systems.
618
61920210922:
620	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
621	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
622	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
623	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
624
62520210911:
626	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
627	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
628	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
629	being loaded.
630
63120210817:
632	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
633	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
634	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
635	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
636	application-specific configuration option for applications
637	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
638
63920210811:
640	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
641	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
642
64320210730:
644	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
645	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
646	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
647	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
648
64920210729:
650	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
651	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
652	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
653
65420210716:
655	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
656	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
657	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
658
65920210715:
660	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
661	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
662	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
663	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
664	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
665	to update your sources past the above hash and do
666		% cd usr.bin/awk
667		% make clean all
668		% sudo -E make install
669	to enable building kernels again.
670
67120210708:
672	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
673	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
674	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
675
67620210707:
677	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
678	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
679
68020210624:
681	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
682	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
683	for NFSv4 mounts.
684	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
685
68620210618:
687	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
688	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
689	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
690	additions and others.
691
69220210618:
693	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
694	renamed to "untrusted".
695
69620210611:
697	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
698	please install the svn package or port.
699
70020210611:
701	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
702	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
703	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
704
70520210610:
706	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
707
70820210608:
709	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
710	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
711https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
712	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
713	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
714	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
715	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
716
71720210525:
718	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
719	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
720	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
721	detect this.
722
72320210513:
724	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
725	libraries and utilities are packaged.
726	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
727	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
728	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
729	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
730	on the system.
731
73220210426:
733	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
734	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
735	need to be rebuilt from sources.
736	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
737	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
738	is not recommended.
739
74020210411:
741	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
742	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
743	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
744	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
745	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
746	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
747
74820210330:
749	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
750	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
751	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
752	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
753
75420210225:
755	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
756	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
757	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
758
75920210128:
760	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
761	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
762	update.
763
76420210121:
765	stable/13 branch created.
766
76720210108:
768	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
769	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
770	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
771	since it was bumped so recently.
772
77320210107:
774	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
775	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
776	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
777	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
778
77920210105:
780	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
781	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
782	requires a clean build.
783
78420201223:
785	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
786	instructions can be found at
787	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
788	and other documents in that repo.
789
79020201216:
791	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
792	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
793	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
794	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
795
79620201215:
797	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
798	may be installed from ports or packages.
799
80020201124:
801	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
802	See ping(8) for details.
803
80420201108:
805	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
806	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
807	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
808
80920201030:
810	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
811	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
812	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
813	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
814	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
815
81620201026:
817	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
818	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
819	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
820	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
821	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
822	find.
823
82420200923:
825	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
826	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
827	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
828	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
829
830	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
831	command you want to un-auger the tree is
832		cd sys/amd64/conf
833		svn revert -R .
834	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
835	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
836
83720200824:
838	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
839	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
840	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
841	unless you  want to use new features.
842
843	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
844	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
845	rebuilding world may fail.
846
847	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
848	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
849
850	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
851	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
852	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
853	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
854
85520200824:
856	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
857	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
858	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
859	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
860
86120200821:
862	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
863	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
864	sources.
865
86620200817:
867	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
868	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
869
87020200816:
871	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
872	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
873	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
874	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
875
87620200810:
877	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
878	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
879	from sources, so a version bump was done.
880
88120200807:
882	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
883	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
884	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
885	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
886
88720200729:
888	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
889	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
890	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
891	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
892	continue to function.
893
894	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
895	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
896	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
897	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
898
89920200627:
900	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
901	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
902	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
903	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
904	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
905	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
906	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
907
90820200625:
909	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
910	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
911
91220200613:
913	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
914	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
915	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
916
91720200604:
918	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
919	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
920	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
921	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
922
923	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
924	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
925	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
926	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
927	/root/.shrc.
928
92920200523:
930	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
931	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
932	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
933	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
934
93520200512:
936	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
937	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
938
93920200424:
940	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
941	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
942	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
943	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
944	be functional without closefrom(2).
945
94620200414:
947	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
948	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
949	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
950	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
951	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
952	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
953
95420200310:
955	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
956	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
957	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
958	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
959
96020200309:
961	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
962	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
963	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
964
96520200301:
966	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
967
96820200229:
969	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
970	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
971	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
972
97320200229:
974	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
975	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
976
97720200229:
978	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
979	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
980	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
981	ports or packages.
982
98320200220:
984	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
985	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
986	ncurses.
987
98820200217:
989	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
990	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
991	together with their new kernel.
992
99320200212:
994	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
995	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
996	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
997
998	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
999	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1000
100120200108:
1002	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1003	linker for riscv64.
1004
100520200107:
1006	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1007	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1008	external toolchain package.
1009
101020200104:
1011	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1012	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1013	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1014	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1015	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1016
101720200102:
1018	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1019	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1020	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1021	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1022
102320191226:
1024	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1025	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1026	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1027	ABI.
1028
102920191226:
1030	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1031
103220191222:
1033	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1034	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1035	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1036	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1037
103820191212:
1039	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1040	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1041	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1042
104320191205:
1044	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1045	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1046	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1047	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1048	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1049	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1050	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1051	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1052
105320191120:
1054	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1055	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1056	for automounting.
1057
105820191107:
1059	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1060	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1061	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1062	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1063	add superio to the set.
1064
106520191021:
1066	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1067	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1068
106920191021:
1070	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1071	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1072	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1073	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1074	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1075	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1076	completely in the future.
1077
107820191009:
1079	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1080	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1081	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1082	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1083	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1084	will be removed from the list.
1085
108620191009:
1087	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1088	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1089	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1090	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1091
109220191003:
1093	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1094	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1095	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1096	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1097
109820190913:
1099	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1100	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1101	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1102	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1103
110420190823:
1105	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1106	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1107	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1108
110920190727:
1110	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1111	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1112	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1113	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1114
1115	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1116	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1117	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1118	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1119	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1120
112120190713:
1122	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1123	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1124	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1125	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1126	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1127	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1128	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1129
113020190620:
1131	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1132	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1133	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1134	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1135
113620190612:
1137	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1138	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1139	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1140	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1141
114220190608:
1143	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1144	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1145	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1146
114720190513:
1148	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1149	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1150	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1151	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1152	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1153	avoid running into the limit.
1154
115520190507:
1156	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1157	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1158
115920190507:
1160	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1161	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1162	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1163	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1164	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1165	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1166
116720190418:
1168	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1169	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1170	entropy:
1171
1172	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1173	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1174	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1175	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1176	availability properties.
1177
1178	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1179	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1180	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1181	initial condition, if desired.
1182
1183	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1184	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1185
1186	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1187	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1188	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1189	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1190
119120190416:
1192	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1193	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1194	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1195	therefore unblocked).
1196
119720190404:
1198	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1199	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1200	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1201	is added to the command line.
1202	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1203	not affected and should continue to work.
1204
120520190320:
1206	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1207	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1208	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1209	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1210
121120190304:
1212	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1213	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1214	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1215	or higher.
1216
121720190226:
1218	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1219	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1220	kernel config.
1221
122220190219:
1223	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1224	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1225	migrating to the drm ports.
1226
122720190131:
1228	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1229	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1230	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1231	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1232	is loaded automatically.
1233
123420190125:
1235	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1236	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1237	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1238	kernel config files.
1239
124020181230:
1241	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1242	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1243	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1244	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1245
124620181220:
1247	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1248	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1249	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1250	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1251	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1252	most NFSv4 mounts.
1253
125420181219:
1255	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1256	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1257	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1258
1259	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1260	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1261
1262	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1263	removed from the mips port.
1264
126520181211:
1266	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1267	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1268	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1269	or higher.
1270
127120181211:
1272	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1273	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1274
127520181126:
1276	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1277	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1278	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1279	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1280
128120181123:
1282	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1283	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1284	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1285
128620181115:
1287	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1288	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1289	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1290	FreeBSD versions.
1291
129220181110:
1293	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1294	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1295	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1296
1297	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1298	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1299	being included using the command:
1300		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1301
130220181019:
1303	Stable/12 was branched created.
1304
130520181015:
1306	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1307	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1308	drm-legacy-kmod.
1309
1310	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1311	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1312	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1313	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1314	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1315	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1316	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1317	that as you will get better support.
1318
1319	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1320	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1321	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1322	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1323
1324	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1325	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1326	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1327	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1328	shortly.
1329
133020181012:
1331	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1332	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1333	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1334	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1335	be adjusted as necessary.
1336
133720181009:
1338	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1339	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1340	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1341	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1342
134320181006:
1344	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1345	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1346	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1347	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1348	encouraged.
1349
135020181002:
1351	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1352	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1353	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1354	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1355	nda device name.
1356
135720180913:
1358	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1359	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1360	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1361	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1362	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1363	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1364
136520180826:
1366	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1367	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1368	default since FreeBSD-11.
1369
137020180822:
1371	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1372	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1373	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1374
137520180818:
1376	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1377	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1378	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1379	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1380	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1381	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1382	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1383
1384	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1385	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1386
138720180815:
1388	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1389	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1390	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1391	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1392	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1393	may not be observed in a future release.
1394
139520180808:
1396	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1397	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1398	your environment.
1399
140020180731:
1401	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1402	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1403	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1404	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1405
140620180730:
1407	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1408	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1409	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1410	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1411	runtime services.
1412
141320180727:
1414	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1415	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1416	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1417
141820180723:
1419	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1420	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1421	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1422	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1423	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1424
142520180720:
1426	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1427	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1428	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1429	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1430	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1431	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1432
143320180719:
1434	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1435	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1436	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1437	boot_serial=YES
1438	boot_multicons=YES
1439	in /boot/loader.conf
1440	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1441	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1442	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1443
144420180719:
1445	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1446	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1447	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1448	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1449	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1450	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1451	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1452	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1453	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1454	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1455	by the ntpd user.
1456
145720180717:
1458	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1459
146020180711:
1461	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1462	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1463	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1464	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1465	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1466
146720180705:
1468	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1469	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1470	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1471	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1472	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1473	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1474
147520180702:
1476	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1477	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1478
147920180701:
1480	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1481	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1482	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1483	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1484	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1485	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1486	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1487
148820180630:
1489	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1490	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1491	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1492	or higher.
1493
149420180628:
1495	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1496	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1497	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1498	file.
1499
150020180612:
1501	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1502	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1503
150420180530:
1505	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1506	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1507	longer necessary.
1508
150920180530:
1510	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1511	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1512	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1513	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1514
151520180523:
1516	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1517	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1518	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1519	later than r334108.
1520
152120180517:
1522	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1523	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1524	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1525	it must be removed.
1526
152720180510:
1528	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1529	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1530	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1531	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1532	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1533	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1534	will go away.
1535
1536	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1537	workaround is necessary.
1538
153920180508:
1540	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1541	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1542	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1543	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1544
154520180504:
1546	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1547	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1548	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1549	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1550	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1551
155220180502:
1553	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1554	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1555	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1556	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1557
155820180501:
1559	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1560	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1561	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1562	be removed.
1563
156420180413:
1565	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1566	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1567	removed.
1568
156920180411:
1570	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1571	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1572	removed.
1573
157420180406:
1575	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1576	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1577	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1578	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1579	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1580
1581	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1582	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1583	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1584	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1585	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1586	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1587	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1588
1589	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1590	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1591
1592		source src {
1593			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1594		}
1595
1596	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1597	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1598	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1599
1600		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1601
1602	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1603	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1604	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1605	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1606	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1607	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1608	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1609
1610	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1611	change.
1612
161320180328:
1614	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1615	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1616	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1617
161820180323:
1619	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1620	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1621	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1622	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1623	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1624	should be as simple as:
1625
1626		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1627		$ make depend all install
1628
162920180212:
1630	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1631	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1632	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1633	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1634	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1635	provisions for backup boot methods.
1636
163720180211:
1638	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1639	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1640	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1641	imp@freebsd.org.
1642
164320180114:
1644	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1645	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1646	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1647	or higher.
1648
164920180110:
1650	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1651	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1652	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1653
1654	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1655	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1656
165720180110:
1658	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1659	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1660	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1661	remove it from kernel config files.
1662
166320180104:
1664	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1665	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1666	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1667
1668	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1669	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1670
167120180102:
1672	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1673	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1674	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1675	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1676
167720171215:
1678	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1679	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1680
168120171214:
1682	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1683	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1684	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1685	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1686
168720171125:
1688	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1689	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1690	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1691	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1692	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1693	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1694
169520171110:
1696	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1697	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1698	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1699
170020171106:
1701	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1702	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1703	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1704	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1705	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1706
170720171102:
1708	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1709	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1710	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1711	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1712	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1713	environment.
1714
171520171101:
1716	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1717	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1718	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1719	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1720	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1721	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1722	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1723	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1724	than hardcoding paths.
1725
172620171028:
1727	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1728	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1729	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1730
173120171021:
1732	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1733	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1734	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1735	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1736
173720171010:
1738	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1739	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1740
174120171005:
1742	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1743	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1744	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1745	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1746
174720171003:
1748	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1749	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1750	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1751	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1752	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1753
175420170912:
1755	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1756	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1757	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1758	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1759	/etc/ctl.conf .
1760
176120170912:
1762	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1763	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1764	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1765	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1766	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1767
176820170826:
1769	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1770	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1771
177220170825:
1773	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1774	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1775	to complete.
1776
177720170814:
1778	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1779	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1780	${TESTSDIR}.
1781
1782	Behavioral changes:
1783	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1784	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1785	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1786	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1787
1788	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1789	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1790	sandbox if successful.
1791
1792	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1793	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1794	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1795	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1796	an unprivileged user.
1797
179820170808:
1799	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1800	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1801	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1802	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1803	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1804	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1805	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1806	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1807	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1808	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1809	to which you should answer yes.
1810
181120170728:
1812	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1813	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1814	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1815	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1816	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1817
181820170722:
1819	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1820	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1821	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1822
182320170701:
1824	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1825	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1826
182720170625:
1828	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1829	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1830	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1831	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1832	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1833	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1834	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1835
183620170623:
1837	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1838	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1839	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1840	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1841	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1842	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1843
184420170620:
1845	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1846	if you require the GPL compiler.
1847
184820170619:
1849	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1850	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1851	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1852	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1853	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1854	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1855
185620170618:
1857	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1858	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1859	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1860
186120170617:
1862	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1863	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1864	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1865	followed.
1866
186720170531:
1868	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1869	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1870	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1871	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1872	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1873	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1874
187520170524:
1876	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1877	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1878	which only require one chipset support.
1879
1880	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1881
1882	if_ath_load="YES"
1883
1884	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1885	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1886	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1887
1888	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1889	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1890
1891	* load ath_hal
1892	* load the chip modules in question
1893	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1894	* load ath_main
1895	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1896	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1897
1898	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1899
190020170523:
1901	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1902	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1903	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1904
1905	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1906	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1907	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1908
1909	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1910	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1911	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1912	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1913	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1914	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1915	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1916	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1917
191820170424:
1919	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1920	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1921	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1922
192320170420:
1924	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1925	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1926	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1927
192820170413:
1929	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1930	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1931	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1932	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1933	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1934	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1935	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1936
193720170407:
1938	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1939	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1940	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1941	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1942
194320170405:
1944	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1945	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1946	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1947
194820170331:
1949	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1950	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1951	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1952
195320170329:
1954	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1955	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1956
1957	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1958	via one of the following methods:
1959	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1960	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1961	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1962	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1963
1964	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1965
196620170316:
1967	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1968	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1969	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1970	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1971	with mmc.ko).
1972
197320170315:
1974	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1975	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1976	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1977	be prefixed with colon.
1978
197920170311:
1980	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1981	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1982	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1983
198420170302:
1985	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1986	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1987	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1988
198920170221:
1990	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1991	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1992	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1993	change.
1994
199520170216:
1996	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1997	valid.
1998
199920170215:
2000	MCA bus support has been removed.
2001
200220170127:
2003	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2004	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2005
200620170112:
2007	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2008	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2009
201020170109:
2011	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2012	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2013	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2014	configuration.
2015
201620161217:
2017	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2018	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2019	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2020
202120161124:
2022	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2023	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2024	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2025
202620161119:
2027	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2028	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2029	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2030
203120161030:
2032	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2033	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2034	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2035	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2036
203720161017:
2038	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2039	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2040	parts.
2041	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2042	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2043
204420161015:
2045	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2046	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2047	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2048	removed from base.
2049
205020161008:
2051	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2052	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2053	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2054
205520161003:
2056	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2057	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2058
205920160924:
2060	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2061	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2062	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2063	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2064
206520160918:
2066	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2067	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2068	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2069	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2070	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2071
207220160918:
2073	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2074
207520160908:
2076	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2077	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2078	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2079	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2080
208120160824:
2082	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2083	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2084	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2085	to 1200005.
2086
208720160818:
2088	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2089	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2090	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2091	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2092	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2093	0.
2094
209520160818:
2096	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2097	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2098
209920160708:
2100	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2101
2102After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2103from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2104entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2105UPDATING file.
2106
2107COMMON ITEMS:
2108
2109	General Notes
2110	-------------
2111	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2112	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2113	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2114	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2115	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2116	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2117	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2118	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2119
2120	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2121	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2122	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2123	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2124	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2125	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2126	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2127	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2128	an exception.
2129
2130	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2131	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2132	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2133	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2134	step.
2135
2136	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2137	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2138	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2139	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2140
2141	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2142	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2143	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2144	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2145	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2146	should write them with this in mind.
2147
2148	ZFS notes
2149	---------
2150	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2151	always follow these three steps:
2152
2153	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2154	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2155
2156	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2157	doing a zpool upgrade):
2158
2159	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2160	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2161		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2162	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2163
2164	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2165	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2166	zpool upgrade.
2167
2168	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2169
2170	EFI notes
2171	---------
2172
2173	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2174	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2175	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2176	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2177	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2178	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2179	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2180	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2181
2182	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2183	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2184	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2185	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2186
2187	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2188	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2189	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2190	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2191
2192	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2193
2194	To build a kernel
2195	-----------------
2196	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2197	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2198	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2199
2200	make kernel-toolchain
2201	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2202	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2203
2204	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2205
2206	To test a kernel once
2207	---------------------
2208	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2209	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2210	debugging information) run
2211	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2212	nextboot -k testkernel
2213
2214	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2215	-----------------------------------------------------------
2216	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2217	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2218
2219	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2220	make buildworld
2221	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2222	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2223	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2224	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2225	etcupdate -p					[5]
2226	make installworld
2227	etcupdate -B					[4]
2228	make delete-old					[6]
2229	<reboot>
2230
2231	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2232	--------------------------------------------------
2233	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2234	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2235	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2236	# size.
2237
2238	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2239	<boot into -stable>
2240	make buildworld
2241	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2242	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2243	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2244	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2245	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2246	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2247	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2248	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2249	<reboot into current>
2250	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2251	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2252	<reboot>
2253
2254
2255	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2256	----------------------------------------------
2257	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2258	make buildworld					[9]
2259	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2260	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2261	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2262	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2263	etcupdate -p					[5]
2264	make installworld
2265	etcupdate -B					[4]
2266	make delete-old					[6]
2267	<reboot>
2268
2269	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2270	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2271	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2272	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2273	the UPDATING entries.
2274
2275	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2276	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2277	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2278	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2279	much fewer pitfalls.
2280
2281FOOTNOTES:
2282
2283	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2284	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2285	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2286	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2287	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2288	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2289	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2290	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2291	and effective, eg:
2292	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2293
2294	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2295	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2296	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2297	restore(8).
2298
2299	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2300		fsck -p
2301		mount -u /
2302		mount -a
2303		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2304		cd src			# full path to source
2305		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2306	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2307	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2308
2309	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2310	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2311	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2312	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2313	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2314	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2315
2316	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2317	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2318	step.
2319
2320	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2321	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2322	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2323
2324	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2325	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2326	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2327	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2328	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2329	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2330	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2331	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2332
2333	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2334	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2335	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2336	for these as well.
2337
2338	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2339	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2340	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2341
2342	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2343	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2344	warn if it is improperly defined.
2345FORMAT:
2346
2347This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2348breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2349list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2350If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2351to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2352
2353Copyright information:
2354
2355Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2356
2357Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2358modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2359document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2360
2361THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2362IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2363WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2364DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2365INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2366(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2367SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2368HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2369STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2370IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2371POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2372
2373Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2374this document.
2375