xref: /freebsd/crypto/openssl/doc/man1/openssl-cmp.pod.in (revision 6f1af0d7d2af54b339b5212434cd6d4fda628d80)
1=pod
2{- OpenSSL::safe::output_do_not_edit_headers(); -}
3
4=head1 NAME
5
6openssl-cmp - Certificate Management Protocol (CMP, RFC 4210) application
7
8=head1 SYNOPSIS
9
10B<openssl> B<cmp>
11[B<-help>]
12[B<-config> I<filename>]
13[B<-section> I<names>]
14[B<-verbosity> I<level>]
15
16Generic message options:
17
18[B<-cmd> I<ir|cr|kur|p10cr|rr|genm>]
19[B<-infotype> I<name>]
20[B<-geninfo> I<OID:int:N>]
21
22Certificate enrollment options:
23
24[B<-newkey> I<filename>|I<uri>]
25[B<-newkeypass> I<arg>]
26[B<-subject> I<name>]
27[B<-issuer> I<name>]
28[B<-days> I<number>]
29[B<-reqexts> I<name>]
30[B<-sans> I<spec>]
31[B<-san_nodefault>]
32[B<-policies> I<name>]
33[B<-policy_oids> I<names>]
34[B<-policy_oids_critical>]
35[B<-popo> I<number>]
36[B<-csr> I<filename>]
37[B<-out_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
38[B<-implicit_confirm>]
39[B<-disable_confirm>]
40[B<-certout> I<filename>]
41[B<-chainout> I<filename>]
42
43Certificate enrollment and revocation options:
44
45[B<-oldcert> I<filename>|I<uri>]
46[B<-revreason> I<number>]
47
48Message transfer options:
49
50[B<-server> I<[http[s]://][userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment]>]
51[B<-proxy> I<[http[s]://][userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment]>]
52[B<-no_proxy> I<addresses>]
53[B<-recipient> I<name>]
54[B<-path> I<remote_path>]
55[B<-keep_alive> I<value>]
56[B<-msg_timeout> I<seconds>]
57[B<-total_timeout> I<seconds>]
58
59Server authentication options:
60
61[B<-trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
62[B<-untrusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
63[B<-srvcert> I<filename>|I<uri>]
64[B<-expect_sender> I<name>]
65[B<-ignore_keyusage>]
66[B<-unprotected_errors>]
67[B<-extracertsout> I<filename>]
68[B<-cacertsout> I<filename>]
69
70Client authentication and protection options:
71
72[B<-ref> I<value>]
73[B<-secret> I<arg>]
74[B<-cert> I<filename>|I<uri>]
75[B<-own_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
76[B<-key> I<filename>|I<uri>]
77[B<-keypass> I<arg>]
78[B<-digest> I<name>]
79[B<-mac> I<name>]
80[B<-extracerts> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
81[B<-unprotected_requests>]
82
83Credentials format options:
84
85[B<-certform> I<PEM|DER>]
86[B<-keyform> I<PEM|DER|P12|ENGINE>]
87[B<-otherpass> I<arg>]
88{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_engine_synopsis -}{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_provider_synopsis -}
89
90Random state options:
91
92{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_r_synopsis -}
93
94TLS connection options:
95
96[B<-tls_used>]
97[B<-tls_cert> I<filename>|I<uri>]
98[B<-tls_key> I<filename>|I<uri>]
99[B<-tls_keypass> I<arg>]
100[B<-tls_extra> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
101[B<-tls_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
102[B<-tls_host> I<name>]
103
104Client-side debugging options:
105
106[B<-batch>]
107[B<-repeat> I<number>]
108[B<-reqin> I<filenames>]
109[B<-reqin_new_tid>]
110[B<-reqout> I<filenames>]
111[B<-rspin> I<filenames>]
112[B<-rspout> I<filenames>]
113[B<-use_mock_srv>]
114
115Mock server options:
116
117[B<-port> I<number>]
118[B<-max_msgs> I<number>]
119[B<-srv_ref> I<value>]
120[B<-srv_secret> I<arg>]
121[B<-srv_cert> I<filename>|I<uri>]
122[B<-srv_key> I<filename>|I<uri>]
123[B<-srv_keypass> I<arg>]
124[B<-srv_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
125[B<-srv_untrusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
126[B<-rsp_cert> I<filename>|I<uri>]
127[B<-rsp_extracerts> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
128[B<-rsp_capubs> I<filenames>|I<uris>]
129[B<-poll_count> I<number>]
130[B<-check_after> I<number>]
131[B<-grant_implicitconf>]
132[B<-pkistatus> I<number>]
133[B<-failure> I<number>]
134[B<-failurebits> I<number>]
135[B<-statusstring> I<arg>]
136[B<-send_error>]
137[B<-send_unprotected>]
138[B<-send_unprot_err>]
139[B<-accept_unprotected>]
140[B<-accept_unprot_err>]
141[B<-accept_raverified>]
142
143Certificate verification options, for both CMP and TLS:
144
145{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_v_synopsis -}
146
147=head1 DESCRIPTION
148
149The B<cmp> command is a client implementation for the Certificate
150Management Protocol (CMP) as defined in RFC4210.
151It can be used to request certificates from a CA server,
152update their certificates,
153request certificates to be revoked, and perform other types of CMP requests.
154
155=head1 OPTIONS
156
157=over 4
158
159=item B<-help>
160
161Display a summary of all options
162
163=item B<-config> I<filename>
164
165Configuration file to use.
166An empty string C<""> means none.
167Default filename is from the environment variable C<OPENSSL_CONF>.
168
169=item B<-section> I<names>
170
171Section(s) to use within config file defining CMP options.
172An empty string C<""> means no specific section.
173Default is C<cmp>.
174
175Multiple section names may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
176(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
177Contents of sections named later may override contents of sections named before.
178In any case, as usual, the C<[default]> section and finally the unnamed
179section (as far as present) can provide per-option fallback values.
180
181=item B<-verbosity> I<level>
182
183Level of verbosity for logging, error output, etc.
1840 = EMERG, 1 = ALERT, 2 = CRIT, 3 = ERR, 4 = WARN, 5 = NOTE,
1856 = INFO, 7 = DEBUG, 8 = TRACE.
186Defaults to 6 = INFO.
187
188=back
189
190=head2 Generic message options
191
192=over 4
193
194=item B<-cmd> I<ir|cr|kur|p10cr|rr|genm>
195
196CMP command to execute.
197Currently implemented commands are:
198
199=over 8
200
201=item  ir E<nbsp>  - Initialization Request
202
203=item  cr E<nbsp>  - Certificate Request
204
205=item  p10cr - PKCS#10 Certification Request (for legacy support)
206
207=item  kur E<nbsp>E<nbsp>- Key Update Request
208
209=item  rr E<nbsp>  - Revocation Request
210
211=item  genm  - General Message
212
213=back
214
215B<ir> requests initialization of an end entity into a PKI hierarchy
216by issuing a first certificate.
217
218B<cr> requests issuing an additional certificate for an end entity already
219initialized to the PKI hierarchy.
220
221B<p10cr> requests issuing an additional certificate similarly to B<cr>
222but using legacy PKCS#10 CSR format.
223
224B<kur> requests a (key) update for an existing certificate.
225
226B<rr> requests revocation of an existing certificate.
227
228B<genm> requests information using a General Message, where optionally
229included B<InfoTypeAndValue>s may be used to state which info is of interest.
230Upon receipt of the General Response, information about all received
231ITAV B<infoType>s is printed to stdout.
232
233=item B<-infotype> I<name>
234
235Set InfoType name to use for requesting specific info in B<genm>,
236e.g., C<signKeyPairTypes>.
237
238=item B<-geninfo> I<OID:int:N>
239
240generalInfo integer values to place in request PKIHeader with given OID,
241e.g., C<1.2.3.4:int:56789>.
242
243=back
244
245=head2 Certificate enrollment options
246
247=over 4
248
249=item B<-newkey> I<filename>|I<uri>
250
251The source of the private or public key for the certificate being requested.
252Defaults to the public key in the PKCS#10 CSR given with the B<-csr> option,
253the public key of the reference certificate, or the current client key.
254
255The public portion of the key is placed in the certification request.
256
257Unless B<-cmd> I<p10cr>, B<-popo> I<-1>, or B<-popo> I<0> is given, the
258private key will be needed as well to provide the proof of possession (POPO),
259where the B<-key> option may provide a fallback.
260
261=item B<-newkeypass> I<arg>
262
263Pass phrase source for the key given with the B<-newkey> option.
264If not given here, the password will be prompted for if needed.
265
266For more information about the format of I<arg> see
267L<openssl-passphrase-options(1)>.
268
269=item B<-subject> I<name>
270
271X509 Distinguished Name (DN) of subject to use in the requested certificate
272template.
273If the NULL-DN (C<"/">) is given then no subject is placed in the template.
274Default is the subject DN of any PKCS#10 CSR given with the B<-csr> option.
275For KUR, a further fallback is the subject DN
276of the reference certificate (see B<-oldcert>) if provided.
277This fallback is used for IR and CR only if no SANs are set.
278
279If provided and neither B<-cert> nor B<-oldcert> is given,
280the subject DN is used as fallback sender of outgoing CMP messages.
281
282The argument must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>.
283Special characters may be escaped by C<\> (backslash); whitespace is retained.
284Empty values are permitted, but the corresponding type will not be included.
285Giving a single C</> will lead to an empty sequence of RDNs (a NULL-DN).
286Multi-valued RDNs can be formed by placing a C<+> character instead of a C</>
287between the AttributeValueAssertions (AVAs) that specify the members of the set.
288Example:
289
290C</DC=org/DC=OpenSSL/DC=users/UID=123456+CN=John Doe>
291
292=item B<-issuer> I<name>
293
294X509 issuer Distinguished Name (DN) of the CA server
295to place in the requested certificate template in IR/CR/KUR.
296If the NULL-DN (C<"/">) is given then no issuer is placed in the template.
297
298If provided and neither B<-recipient> nor B<-srvcert> is given,
299the issuer DN is used as fallback recipient of outgoing CMP messages.
300
301The argument must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>.
302For details see the description of the B<-subject> option.
303
304=item B<-days> I<number>
305
306Number of days the new certificate is requested to be valid for, counting from
307the current time of the host.
308Also triggers the explicit request that the
309validity period starts from the current time (as seen by the host).
310
311=item B<-reqexts> I<name>
312
313Name of section in OpenSSL config file defining certificate request extensions.
314If the B<-csr> option is present, these extensions augment the extensions
315contained the given PKCS#10 CSR, overriding any extensions with same OIDs.
316
317=item B<-sans> I<spec>
318
319One or more IP addresses, DNS names, or URIs separated by commas or whitespace
320(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...")
321to add as Subject Alternative Name(s) (SAN) certificate request extension.
322If the special element "critical" is given the SANs are flagged as critical.
323Cannot be used if any Subject Alternative Name extension is set via B<-reqexts>.
324
325=item B<-san_nodefault>
326
327When Subject Alternative Names are not given via B<-sans>
328nor defined via B<-reqexts>,
329they are copied by default from the reference certificate (see B<-oldcert>).
330This can be disabled by giving the B<-san_nodefault> option.
331
332=item B<-policies> I<name>
333
334Name of section in OpenSSL config file defining policies to be set
335as certificate request extension.
336This option cannot be used together with B<-policy_oids>.
337
338=item B<-policy_oids> I<names>
339
340One or more OID(s), separated by commas and/or whitespace
341(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...")
342to add as certificate policies request extension.
343This option cannot be used together with B<-policies>.
344
345=item B<-policy_oids_critical>
346
347Flag the policies given with B<-policy_oids> as critical.
348
349=item B<-popo> I<number>
350
351Proof-of-possession (POPO) method to use for IR/CR/KUR; values: C<-1>..<2> where
352C<-1> = NONE, C<0> = RAVERIFIED, C<1> = SIGNATURE (default), C<2> = KEYENC.
353
354Note that a signature-based POPO can only be produced if a private key
355is provided via the B<-newkey> or B<-key> options.
356
357=item B<-csr> I<filename>
358
359PKCS#10 CSR in PEM or DER format containing a certificate request.
360With B<-cmd> I<p10cr> it is used directly in a legacy P10CR message.
361
362When used with B<-cmd> I<ir>, I<cr>, or I<kur>,
363it is transformed into the respective regular CMP request.
364In this case, a private key must be provided (with B<-newkey> or B<-key>)
365for the proof of possession (unless B<-popo> I<-1> or B<-popo> I<0> is used)
366and the respective public key is placed in the certification request
367(rather than taking over the public key contained in the PKCS#10 CSR).
368
369PKCS#10 CSR input may also be used with B<-cmd> I<rr>
370to specify the certificate to be revoked
371via the included subject name and public key.
372
373=item B<-out_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
374
375Trusted certificate(s) to use for validating the newly enrolled certificate.
376During this verification, any certificate status checking is disabled.
377
378Multiple sources may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
379(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
380Each source may contain multiple certificates.
381
382The certificate verification options
383B<-verify_hostname>, B<-verify_ip>, and B<-verify_email>
384only affect the certificate verification enabled via this option.
385
386=item B<-implicit_confirm>
387
388Request implicit confirmation of newly enrolled certificates.
389
390=item B<-disable_confirm>
391
392Do not send certificate confirmation message for newly enrolled certificate
393without requesting implicit confirmation
394to cope with broken servers not supporting implicit confirmation correctly.
395B<WARNING:> This leads to behavior violating RFC 4210.
396
397=item B<-certout> I<filename>
398
399The file where the newly enrolled certificate should be saved.
400
401=item B<-chainout> I<filename>
402
403The file where the chain of the newly enrolled certificate should be saved.
404
405=back
406
407=head2 Certificate enrollment and revocation options
408
409=over 4
410
411=item B<-oldcert> I<filename>|I<uri>
412
413The certificate to be updated (i.e., renewed or re-keyed) in Key Update Request
414(KUR) messages or to be revoked in Revocation Request (RR) messages.
415For KUR the certificate to be updated defaults to B<-cert>,
416and the resulting certificate is called I<reference certificate>.
417For RR the certificate to be revoked can also be specified using B<-csr>.
418
419The reference certificate, if any, is also used for
420deriving default subject DN and Subject Alternative Names and the
421default issuer entry in the requested certificate template of an IR/CR/KUR.
422Its public key is used as a fallback in the template of certification requests.
423Its subject is used as sender of outgoing messages if B<-cert> is not given.
424Its issuer is used as default recipient in CMP message headers
425if neither B<-recipient>, B<-srvcert>, nor B<-issuer> is given.
426
427=item B<-revreason> I<number>
428
429Set CRLReason to be included in revocation request (RR); values: C<0>..C<10>
430or C<-1> for none (which is the default).
431
432Reason numbers defined in RFC 5280 are:
433
434   CRLReason ::= ENUMERATED {
435        unspecified             (0),
436        keyCompromise           (1),
437        cACompromise            (2),
438        affiliationChanged      (3),
439        superseded              (4),
440        cessationOfOperation    (5),
441        certificateHold         (6),
442        -- value 7 is not used
443        removeFromCRL           (8),
444        privilegeWithdrawn      (9),
445        aACompromise           (10)
446    }
447
448=back
449
450=head2 Message transfer options
451
452=over 4
453
454=item B<-server> I<[http[s]://][userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment]>
455
456The DNS hostname or IP address and optionally port
457of the CMP server to connect to using HTTP(S).
458This option excludes I<-port> and I<-use_mock_srv>.
459It is ignored if I<-rspin> is given with enough filename arguments.
460
461The scheme C<https> may be given only if the B<-tls_used> option is used.
462In this case the default port is 443, else 80.
463The optional userinfo and fragment components are ignored.
464Any given query component is handled as part of the path component.
465If a path is included it provides the default value for the B<-path> option.
466
467=item B<-proxy> I<[http[s]://][userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment]>
468
469The HTTP(S) proxy server to use for reaching the CMP server unless B<-no_proxy>
470applies, see below.
471The proxy port defaults to 80 or 443 if the scheme is C<https>; apart from that
472the optional C<http://> or C<https://> prefix is ignored (note that TLS may be
473selected by B<-tls_used>), as well as any path, userinfo, and query, and fragment
474components.
475Defaults to the environment variable C<http_proxy> if set, else C<HTTP_PROXY>
476in case no TLS is used, otherwise C<https_proxy> if set, else C<HTTPS_PROXY>.
477This option is ignored if I<-server> is not given.
478
479=item B<-no_proxy> I<addresses>
480
481List of IP addresses and/or DNS names of servers
482not to use an HTTP(S) proxy for, separated by commas and/or whitespace
483(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
484Default is from the environment variable C<no_proxy> if set, else C<NO_PROXY>.
485This option is ignored if I<-server> is not given.
486
487=item B<-recipient> I<name>
488
489Distinguished Name (DN) to use in the recipient field of CMP request message
490headers, i.e., the CMP server (usually the addressed CA).
491
492The recipient field in the header of a CMP message is mandatory.
493If not given explicitly the recipient is determined in the following order:
494the subject of the CMP server certificate given with the B<-srvcert> option,
495the B<-issuer> option,
496the issuer of the certificate given with the B<-oldcert> option,
497the issuer of the CMP client certificate (B<-cert> option),
498as far as any of those is present, else the NULL-DN as last resort.
499
500The argument must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>.
501For details see the description of the B<-subject> option.
502
503=item B<-path> I<remote_path>
504
505HTTP path at the CMP server (aka CMP alias) to use for POST requests.
506Defaults to any path given with B<-server>, else C<"/">.
507
508=item B<-keep_alive> I<value>
509
510If the given value is 0 then HTTP connections are not kept open
511after receiving a response, which is the default behavior for HTTP 1.0.
512If the value is 1 or 2 then persistent connections are requested.
513If the value is 2 then persistent connections are required,
514i.e., in case the server does not grant them an error occurs.
515The default value is 1, which means preferring to keep the connection open.
516
517=item B<-msg_timeout> I<seconds>
518
519Number of seconds a CMP request-response message round trip
520is allowed to take before a timeout error is returned.
521A value <= 0 means no limitation (waiting indefinitely).
522Default is to use the B<-total_timeout> setting.
523
524=item B<-total_timeout> I<seconds>
525
526Maximum total number of seconds a transaction may take,
527including polling etc.
528A value <= 0 means no limitation (waiting indefinitely).
529Default is 0.
530
531=back
532
533=head2 Server authentication options
534
535=over 4
536
537=item B<-trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
538
539The certificate(s), typically of root CAs, the client shall use as trust anchors
540when validating signature-based protection of CMP response messages.
541This option is ignored if the B<-srvcert> option is given as well.
542It provides more flexibility than B<-srvcert> because the CMP protection
543certificate of the server is not pinned but may be any certificate
544from which a chain to one of the given trust anchors can be constructed.
545
546If none of B<-trusted>, B<-srvcert>, and B<-secret> is given, message validation
547errors will be thrown unless B<-unprotected_errors> permits an exception.
548
549Multiple sources may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
550(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
551Each source may contain multiple certificates.
552
553The certificate verification options
554B<-verify_hostname>, B<-verify_ip>, and B<-verify_email>
555have no effect on the certificate verification enabled via this option.
556
557=item B<-untrusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
558
559Non-trusted intermediate CA certificate(s).
560Any extra certificates given with the B<-cert> option are appended to it.
561All these certificates may be useful for cert path construction
562for the own CMP signer certificate (to include in the extraCerts field of
563request messages) and for the TLS client certificate (if TLS is enabled)
564as well as for chain building
565when validating server certificates (checking signature-based
566CMP message protection) and when validating newly enrolled certificates.
567
568Multiple filenames or URLs may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace.
569Each source may contain multiple certificates.
570
571=item B<-srvcert> I<filename>|I<uri>
572
573The specific CMP server certificate to expect and directly trust (even if it is
574expired) when verifying signature-based protection of CMP response messages.
575This pins the accepted server and results in ignoring the B<-trusted> option.
576
577If set, the subject of the certificate is also used
578as default value for the recipient of CMP requests
579and as default value for the expected sender of CMP responses.
580
581=item B<-expect_sender> I<name>
582
583Distinguished Name (DN) expected in the sender field of incoming CMP messages.
584Defaults to the subject DN of the pinned B<-srvcert>, if any.
585
586This can be used to make sure that only a particular entity is accepted as
587CMP message signer, and attackers are not able to use arbitrary certificates
588of a trusted PKI hierarchy to fraudulently pose as a CMP server.
589Note that this option gives slightly more freedom than setting the B<-srvcert>,
590which pins the server to the holder of a particular certificate, while the
591expected sender name will continue to match after updates of the server cert.
592
593The argument must be formatted as I</type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...>.
594For details see the description of the B<-subject> option.
595
596=item B<-ignore_keyusage>
597
598Ignore key usage restrictions in CMP signer certificates when validating
599signature-based protection of incoming CMP messages.
600By default, C<digitalSignature> must be allowed by CMP signer certificates.
601
602=item B<-unprotected_errors>
603
604Accept missing or invalid protection of negative responses from the server.
605This applies to the following message types and contents:
606
607=over 4
608
609=item * error messages
610
611=item * negative certificate responses (IP/CP/KUP)
612
613=item * negative revocation responses (RP)
614
615=item * negative PKIConf messages
616
617=back
618
619B<WARNING:> This setting leads to unspecified behavior and it is meant
620exclusively to allow interoperability with server implementations violating
621RFC 4210, e.g.:
622
623=over 4
624
625=item * section 5.1.3.1 allows exceptions from protecting only for special
626cases:
627"There MAY be cases in which the PKIProtection BIT STRING is deliberately not
628used to protect a message [...] because other protection, external to PKIX, will
629be applied instead."
630
631=item * section 5.3.21 is clear on ErrMsgContent: "The CA MUST always sign it
632with a signature key."
633
634=item * appendix D.4 shows PKIConf message having protection
635
636=back
637
638=item B<-extracertsout> I<filename>
639
640The file where to save all certificates contained in the extraCerts field
641of the last received response message (except for pollRep and PKIConf).
642
643=item B<-cacertsout> I<filename>
644
645The file where to save any CA certificates contained in the caPubs field of
646the last received certificate response (i.e., IP, CP, or KUP) message.
647
648=back
649
650=head2 Client authentication options
651
652=over 4
653
654=item B<-ref> I<value>
655
656Reference number/string/value to use as fallback senderKID; this is required
657if no sender name can be determined from the B<-cert> or <-subject> options and
658is typically used when authenticating with pre-shared key (password-based MAC).
659
660=item B<-secret> I<arg>
661
662Provides the source of a secret value to use with MAC-based message protection.
663This takes precedence over the B<-cert> and B<-key> options.
664The secret is used for creating MAC-based protection of outgoing messages
665and for validating incoming messages that have MAC-based protection.
666The algorithm used by default is Password-Based Message Authentication Code (PBM)
667as defined in RFC 4210 section 5.1.3.1.
668
669For more information about the format of I<arg> see
670L<openssl-passphrase-options(1)>.
671
672=item B<-cert> I<filename>|I<uri>
673
674The client's current CMP signer certificate.
675Requires the corresponding key to be given with B<-key>.
676
677The subject and the public key contained in this certificate
678serve as fallback values in the certificate template of IR/CR/KUR messages.
679
680The subject of this certificate will be used as sender of outgoing CMP messages,
681while the subject of B<-oldcert> or B<-subjectName> may provide fallback values.
682
683The issuer of this certificate is used as one of the recipient fallback values
684and as fallback issuer entry in the certificate template of IR/CR/KUR messages.
685
686When performing signature-based message protection,
687this "protection certificate", also called "signer certificate",
688will be included first in the extraCerts field of outgoing messages
689and the signature is done with the corresponding key.
690In Initialization Request (IR) messages this can be used for authenticating
691using an external entity certificate as defined in appendix E.7 of RFC 4210.
692
693For Key Update Request (KUR) messages this is also used as
694the certificate to be updated if the B<-oldcert> option is not given.
695
696If the file includes further certs, they are appended to the untrusted certs
697because they typically constitute the chain of the client certificate, which
698is included in the extraCerts field in signature-protected request messages.
699
700=item B<-own_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
701
702If this list of certificates is provided then the chain built for
703the client-side CMP signer certificate given with the B<-cert> option
704is verified using the given certificates as trust anchors.
705
706Multiple sources may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
707(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
708Each source may contain multiple certificates.
709
710The certificate verification options
711B<-verify_hostname>, B<-verify_ip>, and B<-verify_email>
712have no effect on the certificate verification enabled via this option.
713
714=item B<-key> I<filename>|I<uri>
715
716The corresponding private key file for the client's current certificate given in
717the B<-cert> option.
718This will be used for signature-based message protection unless the B<-secret>
719option indicating MAC-based protection or B<-unprotected_requests> is given.
720
721It is also used as a fallback for the B<-newkey> option with IR/CR/KUR messages.
722
723=item B<-keypass> I<arg>
724
725Pass phrase source for the private key given with the B<-key> option.
726Also used for B<-cert> and B<-oldcert> in case it is an encrypted PKCS#12 file.
727If not given here, the password will be prompted for if needed.
728
729For more information about the format of I<arg> see
730L<openssl-passphrase-options(1)>.
731
732=item B<-digest> I<name>
733
734Specifies name of supported digest to use in RFC 4210's MSG_SIG_ALG
735and as the one-way function (OWF) in C<MSG_MAC_ALG>.
736If applicable, this is used for message protection and
737proof-of-possession (POPO) signatures.
738To see the list of supported digests, use C<openssl list -digest-commands>.
739Defaults to C<sha256>.
740
741=item B<-mac> I<name>
742
743Specifies the name of the MAC algorithm in C<MSG_MAC_ALG>.
744To get the names of supported MAC algorithms use C<openssl list -mac-algorithms>
745and possibly combine such a name with the name of a supported digest algorithm,
746e.g., hmacWithSHA256.
747Defaults to C<hmac-sha1> as per RFC 4210.
748
749=item B<-extracerts> I<filenames>|I<uris>
750
751Certificates to append in the extraCerts field when sending messages.
752They can be used as the default CMP signer certificate chain to include.
753
754Multiple sources may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
755(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
756Each source may contain multiple certificates.
757
758=item B<-unprotected_requests>
759
760Send request messages without CMP-level protection.
761
762=back
763
764=head2 Credentials format options
765
766=over 4
767
768=item B<-certform> I<PEM|DER>
769
770File format to use when saving a certificate to a file.
771Default value is PEM.
772
773=item B<-keyform> I<PEM|DER|P12|ENGINE>
774
775The format of the key input; unspecified by default.
776See L<openssl(1)/Format Options> for details.
777
778=item B<-otherpass> I<arg>
779
780Pass phrase source for certificate given with the B<-trusted>, B<-untrusted>,
781B<-own_trusted>, B<-srvcert>, B<-out_trusted>, B<-extracerts>,
782B<-srv_trusted>, B<-srv_untrusted>, B<-rsp_extracerts>, B<-rsp_capubs>,
783B<-tls_extra>, and B<-tls_trusted> options.
784If not given here, the password will be prompted for if needed.
785
786For more information about the format of I<arg> see
787L<openssl-passphrase-options(1)>.
788
789{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_engine_item -}
790
791{- output_off() if $disabled{"deprecated-3.0"}; "" -}
792As an alternative to using this combination:
793
794    -engine {engineid} -key {keyid} -keyform ENGINE
795
796... it's also possible to just give the key ID in URI form to B<-key>,
797like this:
798
799    -key org.openssl.engine:{engineid}:{keyid}
800
801This applies to all options specifying keys: B<-key>, B<-newkey>, and
802B<-tls_key>.
803{- output_on() if $disabled{"deprecated-3.0"}; "" -}
804
805=back
806
807=head2 Provider options
808
809=over 4
810
811{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_provider_item -}
812
813=back
814
815=head2 Random state options
816
817=over 4
818
819{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_r_item -}
820
821=back
822
823=head2 TLS connection options
824
825=over 4
826
827=item B<-tls_used>
828
829Enable using TLS (even when other TLS-related options are not set)
830for message exchange with CMP server via HTTP.
831This option is not supported with the I<-port> option.
832It is ignored if the I<-server> option is not given or I<-use_mock_srv> is given
833or I<-rspin> is given with enough filename arguments.
834
835The following TLS-related options are ignored
836if B<-tls_used> is not given or does not take effect.
837
838=item B<-tls_cert> I<filename>|I<uri>
839
840Client's TLS certificate.
841If the source includes further certs they are used (along with B<-untrusted>
842certs) for constructing the client cert chain provided to the TLS server.
843
844=item B<-tls_key> I<filename>|I<uri>
845
846Private key for the client's TLS certificate.
847
848=item B<-tls_keypass> I<arg>
849
850Pass phrase source for client's private TLS key B<-tls_key>.
851Also used for B<-tls_cert> in case it is an encrypted PKCS#12 file.
852If not given here, the password will be prompted for if needed.
853
854For more information about the format of I<arg> see
855L<openssl-passphrase-options(1)>.
856
857=item B<-tls_extra> I<filenames>|I<uris>
858
859Extra certificates to provide to TLS server during TLS handshake
860
861=item B<-tls_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
862
863Trusted certificate(s) to use for validating the TLS server certificate.
864This implies hostname validation.
865
866Multiple sources may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
867(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
868Each source may contain multiple certificates.
869
870The certificate verification options
871B<-verify_hostname>, B<-verify_ip>, and B<-verify_email>
872have no effect on the certificate verification enabled via this option.
873
874=item B<-tls_host> I<name>
875
876Address to be checked during hostname validation.
877This may be a DNS name or an IP address.
878If not given it defaults to the B<-server> address.
879
880=back
881
882=head2 Client-side debugging options
883
884=over 4
885
886=item B<-batch>
887
888Do not interactively prompt for input, for instance when a password is needed.
889This can be useful for batch processing and testing.
890
891=item B<-repeat> I<number>
892
893Invoke the command the given positive number of times with the same parameters.
894Default is one invocation.
895
896=item B<-reqin> I<filenames>
897
898Take the sequence of CMP requests to send to the server from the given file(s)
899rather than from the sequence of requests produced internally.
900
901This option is ignored if the B<-rspin> option is given
902because in the latter case no requests are actually sent.
903
904Multiple filenames may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace
905(where in the latter case the whole argument must be enclosed in "...").
906
907The files are read as far as needed to complete the transaction
908and filenames have been provided.  If more requests are needed,
909the remaining ones are taken from the items at the respective position
910in the sequence of requests produced internally.
911
912The client needs to update the recipNonce field in the given requests (except
913for the first one) in order to satisfy the checks to be performed by the server.
914This causes re-protection (if protecting requests is required).
915
916=item B<-reqin_new_tid>
917
918Use a fresh transactionID for CMP request messages read using B<-reqin>,
919which causes their reprotection (if protecting requests is required).
920This may be needed in case the sequence of requests is reused
921and the CMP server complains that the transaction ID has already been used.
922
923=item B<-reqout> I<filenames>
924
925Save the sequence of CMP requests created by the client to the given file(s).
926These requests are not sent to the server if the B<-reqin> option is used, too.
927
928Multiple filenames may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace.
929
930Files are written as far as needed to save the transaction
931and filenames have been provided.
932If the transaction contains more requests, the remaining ones are not saved.
933
934=item B<-rspin> I<filenames>
935
936Process the sequence of CMP responses provided in the given file(s),
937not contacting any given server,
938as long as enough filenames are provided to complete the transaction.
939
940Multiple filenames may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace.
941
942Any server specified via the I<-server> or I<-use_mock_srv> options is contacted
943only if more responses are needed to complete the transaction.
944In this case the transaction will fail
945unless the server has been prepared to continue the already started transaction.
946
947=item B<-rspout> I<filenames>
948
949Save the sequence of actually used CMP responses to the given file(s).
950These have been received from the server unless B<-rspin> takes effect.
951
952Multiple filenames may be given, separated by commas and/or whitespace.
953
954Files are written as far as needed to save the responses
955contained in the transaction and filenames have been provided.
956If the transaction contains more responses, the remaining ones are not saved.
957
958=item B<-use_mock_srv>
959
960Test the client using the internal CMP server mock-up at API level,
961bypassing socket-based transfer via HTTP.
962This excludes the B<-server> and B<-port> options.
963
964=back
965
966=head2 Mock server options
967
968=over 4
969
970=item B<-port> I<number>
971
972Act as HTTP-based CMP server mock-up listening on the given port.
973This excludes the B<-server> and B<-use_mock_srv> options.
974The B<-rspin>, B<-rspout>, B<-reqin>, and B<-reqout> options
975so far are not supported in this mode.
976
977=item B<-max_msgs> I<number>
978
979Maximum number of CMP (request) messages the CMP HTTP server mock-up
980should handle, which must be nonnegative.
981The default value is 0, which means that no limit is imposed.
982In any case the server terminates on internal errors, but not when it
983detects a CMP-level error that it can successfully answer with an error message.
984
985=item B<-srv_ref> I<value>
986
987Reference value to use as senderKID of server in case no B<-srv_cert> is given.
988
989=item B<-srv_secret> I<arg>
990
991Password source for server authentication with a pre-shared key (secret).
992
993=item B<-srv_cert> I<filename>|I<uri>
994
995Certificate of the server.
996
997=item B<-srv_key> I<filename>|I<uri>
998
999Private key used by the server for signing messages.
1000
1001=item B<-srv_keypass> I<arg>
1002
1003Server private key (and cert) file pass phrase source.
1004
1005=item B<-srv_trusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
1006
1007Trusted certificates for client authentication.
1008
1009The certificate verification options
1010B<-verify_hostname>, B<-verify_ip>, and B<-verify_email>
1011have no effect on the certificate verification enabled via this option.
1012
1013=item B<-srv_untrusted> I<filenames>|I<uris>
1014
1015Intermediate CA certs that may be useful when validating client certificates.
1016
1017=item B<-rsp_cert> I<filename>|I<uri>
1018
1019Certificate to be returned as mock enrollment result.
1020
1021=item B<-rsp_extracerts> I<filenames>|I<uris>
1022
1023Extra certificates to be included in mock certification responses.
1024
1025=item B<-rsp_capubs> I<filenames>|I<uris>
1026
1027CA certificates to be included in mock Initialization Response (IP) message.
1028
1029=item B<-poll_count> I<number>
1030
1031Number of times the client must poll before receiving a certificate.
1032
1033=item B<-check_after> I<number>
1034
1035The checkAfter value (number of seconds to wait) to include in poll response.
1036
1037=item B<-grant_implicitconf>
1038
1039Grant implicit confirmation of newly enrolled certificate.
1040
1041=item B<-pkistatus> I<number>
1042
1043PKIStatus to be included in server response.
1044Valid range is 0 (accepted) .. 6 (keyUpdateWarning).
1045
1046=item B<-failure> I<number>
1047
1048A single failure info bit number to be included in server response.
1049Valid range is 0 (badAlg) .. 26 (duplicateCertReq).
1050
1051=item B<-failurebits> I<number>
1052Number representing failure bits to be included in server response.
1053Valid range is 0 .. 2^27 - 1.
1054
1055=item B<-statusstring> I<arg>
1056
1057Text to be included as status string in server response.
1058
1059=item B<-send_error>
1060
1061Force server to reply with error message.
1062
1063=item B<-send_unprotected>
1064
1065Send response messages without CMP-level protection.
1066
1067=item B<-send_unprot_err>
1068
1069In case of negative responses, server shall send unprotected error messages,
1070certificate responses (IP/CP/KUP), and revocation responses (RP).
1071WARNING: This setting leads to behavior violating RFC 4210.
1072
1073=item B<-accept_unprotected>
1074
1075Accept missing or invalid protection of requests.
1076
1077=item B<-accept_unprot_err>
1078
1079Accept unprotected error messages from client.
1080So far this has no effect because the server does not accept any error messages.
1081
1082=item B<-accept_raverified>
1083
1084Accept RAVERIFED as proof of possession (POPO).
1085
1086=back
1087
1088=head2 Certificate verification options, for both CMP and TLS
1089
1090=over 4
1091
1092{- $OpenSSL::safe::opt_v_item -}
1093
1094The certificate verification options
1095B<-verify_hostname>, B<-verify_ip>, and B<-verify_email>
1096only affect the certificate verification enabled via the B<-out_trusted> option.
1097
1098=back
1099
1100=head1 NOTES
1101
1102When a client obtains from a CMP server CA certificates that it is going to
1103trust, for instance via the C<caPubs> field of a certificate response,
1104authentication of the CMP server is particularly critical.
1105So special care must be taken setting up server authentication
1106using B<-trusted> and related options for certificate-based authentication
1107or B<-secret> for MAC-based protection.
1108
1109When setting up CMP configurations and experimenting with enrollment options
1110typically various errors occur until the configuration is correct and complete.
1111When the CMP server reports an error the client will by default
1112check the protection of the CMP response message.
1113Yet some CMP services tend not to protect negative responses.
1114In this case the client will reject them, and thus their contents are not shown
1115although they usually contain hints that would be helpful for diagnostics.
1116For assisting in such cases the CMP client offers a workaround via the
1117B<-unprotected_errors> option, which allows accepting such negative messages.
1118
1119=head1 EXAMPLES
1120
1121=head2 Simple examples using the default OpenSSL configuration file
1122
1123This CMP client implementation comes with demonstrative CMP sections
1124in the example configuration file F<openssl/apps/openssl.cnf>,
1125which can be used to interact conveniently with the Insta Demo CA.
1126
1127In order to enroll an initial certificate from that CA it is sufficient
1128to issue the following shell commands.
1129
1130  export OPENSSL_CONF=/path/to/openssl/apps/openssl.cnf
1131
1132=begin comment
1133
1134  wget 'http://pki.certificate.fi:8081/install-ca-cert.html/ca-certificate.crt\
1135        ?ca-id=632&download-certificate=1' -O insta.ca.crt
1136
1137=end comment
1138
1139  openssl genrsa -out insta.priv.pem
1140  openssl cmp -section insta
1141
1142This should produce the file F<insta.cert.pem> containing a new certificate
1143for the private key held in F<insta.priv.pem>.
1144It can be viewed using, e.g.,
1145
1146  openssl x509 -noout -text -in insta.cert.pem
1147
1148In case the network setup requires using an HTTP proxy it may be given as usual
1149via the environment variable B<http_proxy> or via the B<-proxy> option in the
1150configuration file or the CMP command-line argument B<-proxy>, for example
1151
1152  -proxy http://192.168.1.1:8080
1153
1154In the Insta Demo CA scenario both clients and the server may use the pre-shared
1155secret I<insta> and the reference value I<3078> to authenticate to each other.
1156
1157Alternatively, CMP messages may be protected in signature-based manner,
1158where the trust anchor in this case is F<insta.ca.crt>
1159and the client may use any certificate already obtained from that CA,
1160as specified in the B<[signature]> section of the example configuration.
1161This can be used in combination with the B<[insta]> section simply by
1162
1163  openssl cmp -section insta,signature
1164
1165By default the CMP IR message type is used, yet CR works equally here.
1166This may be specified directly at the command line:
1167
1168  openssl cmp -section insta -cmd cr
1169
1170or by referencing in addition the B<[cr]> section of the example configuration:
1171
1172  openssl cmp -section insta,cr
1173
1174In order to update the enrolled certificate one may call
1175
1176  openssl cmp -section insta,kur
1177
1178using MAC-based protection with PBM or
1179
1180  openssl cmp -section insta,kur,signature
1181
1182using signature-based protection.
1183
1184In a similar way any previously enrolled certificate may be revoked by
1185
1186  openssl cmp -section insta,rr -trusted insta.ca.crt
1187
1188or
1189
1190  openssl cmp -section insta,rr,signature
1191
1192Many more options can be given in the configuration file
1193and/or on the command line.
1194For instance, the B<-reqexts> CLI option may refer to a section in the
1195configuration file defining X.509 extensions to use in certificate requests,
1196such as C<v3_req> in F<openssl/apps/openssl.cnf>:
1197
1198  openssl cmp -section insta,cr -reqexts v3_req
1199
1200=head2 Certificate enrollment
1201
1202The following examples do not make use of a configuration file at first.
1203They assume that a CMP server can be contacted on the local TCP port 80
1204and accepts requests under the alias I</pkix/>.
1205
1206For enrolling its very first certificate the client generates a client key
1207and sends an initial request message to the local CMP server
1208using a pre-shared secret key for mutual authentication.
1209In this example the client does not have the CA certificate yet,
1210so we specify the name of the CA with the B<-recipient> option
1211and save any CA certificates that we may receive in the C<capubs.pem> file.
1212
1213In below command line usage examples the C<\> at line ends is used just
1214for formatting; each of the command invocations should be on a single line.
1215
1216  openssl genrsa -out cl_key.pem
1217  openssl cmp -cmd ir -server 127.0.0.1:80/pkix/ -recipient "/CN=CMPserver" \
1218    -ref 1234 -secret pass:1234-5678 \
1219    -newkey cl_key.pem -subject "/CN=MyName" \
1220    -cacertsout capubs.pem -certout cl_cert.pem
1221
1222=head2 Certificate update
1223
1224Then, when the client certificate and its related key pair needs to be updated,
1225the client can send a key update request taking the certs in C<capubs.pem>
1226as trusted for authenticating the server and using the previous cert and key
1227for its own authentication.
1228Then it can start using the new cert and key.
1229
1230  openssl genrsa -out cl_key_new.pem
1231  openssl cmp -cmd kur -server 127.0.0.1:80/pkix/ \
1232    -trusted capubs.pem \
1233    -cert cl_cert.pem -key cl_key.pem \
1234    -newkey cl_key_new.pem -certout cl_cert.pem
1235  cp cl_key_new.pem cl_key.pem
1236
1237This command sequence can be repeated as often as needed.
1238
1239=head2 Requesting information from CMP server
1240
1241Requesting "all relevant information" with an empty General Message.
1242This prints information about all received ITAV B<infoType>s to stdout.
1243
1244  openssl cmp -cmd genm -server 127.0.0.1/pkix/ -recipient "/CN=CMPserver" \
1245    -ref 1234 -secret pass:1234-5678
1246
1247=head2 Using a custom configuration file
1248
1249For CMP client invocations, in particular for certificate enrollment,
1250usually many parameters need to be set, which is tedious and error-prone to do
1251on the command line.
1252Therefore, the client offers the possibility to read
1253options from sections of the OpenSSL config file, usually called F<openssl.cnf>.
1254The values found there can still be extended and even overridden by any
1255subsequently loaded sections and on the command line.
1256
1257After including in the configuration file the following sections:
1258
1259  [cmp]
1260  server = 127.0.0.1
1261  path = pkix/
1262  trusted = capubs.pem
1263  cert = cl_cert.pem
1264  key = cl_key.pem
1265  newkey = cl_key.pem
1266  certout = cl_cert.pem
1267
1268  [init]
1269  recipient = "/CN=CMPserver"
1270  trusted =
1271  cert =
1272  key =
1273  ref = 1234
1274  secret = pass:1234-5678-1234-567
1275  subject = "/CN=MyName"
1276  cacertsout = capubs.pem
1277
1278the above enrollment transactions reduce to
1279
1280  openssl cmp -section cmp,init
1281  openssl cmp -cmd kur -newkey cl_key_new.pem
1282
1283and the above transaction using a general message reduces to
1284
1285  openssl cmp -section cmp,init -cmd genm
1286
1287=head1 SEE ALSO
1288
1289L<openssl-genrsa(1)>, L<openssl-ecparam(1)>, L<openssl-list(1)>,
1290L<openssl-req(1)>, L<openssl-x509(1)>, L<x509v3_config(5)>
1291
1292=head1 HISTORY
1293
1294The B<cmp> application was added in OpenSSL 3.0.
1295
1296The B<-engine option> was deprecated in OpenSSL 3.0.
1297
1298=head1 COPYRIGHT
1299
1300Copyright 2007-2023 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
1301
1302Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License").  You may not use
1303this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
1304in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at
1305L<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
1306
1307=cut
1308