xref: /linux/arch/arm/mm/alignment.c (revision 29ba26af9a9d43d5dbb8aa8e653adeb159d42587)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/arch/arm/mm/alignment.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1995  Linus Torvalds
6  *  Modifications for ARM processor (c) 1995-2001 Russell King
7  *  Thumb alignment fault fixups (c) 2004 MontaVista Software, Inc.
8  *  - Adapted from gdb/sim/arm/thumbemu.c -- Thumb instruction emulation.
9  *    Copyright (C) 1996, Cygnus Software Technologies Ltd.
10  */
11 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
12 #include <linux/compiler.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
15 #include <linux/errno.h>
16 #include <linux/string.h>
17 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
18 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
19 #include <linux/init.h>
20 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
21 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 #include <linux/unaligned.h>
23 
24 #include <asm/cp15.h>
25 #include <asm/system_info.h>
26 #include <asm/system_misc.h>
27 #include <asm/opcodes.h>
28 
29 #include "fault.h"
30 #include "mm.h"
31 
32 /*
33  * 32-bit misaligned trap handler (c) 1998 San Mehat (CCC) -July 1998
34  * /proc/sys/debug/alignment, modified and integrated into
35  * Linux 2.1 by Russell King
36  *
37  * Speed optimisations and better fault handling by Russell King.
38  *
39  * *** NOTE ***
40  * This code is not portable to processors with late data abort handling.
41  */
42 #define CODING_BITS(i)	(i & 0x0e000000)
43 #define COND_BITS(i)	(i & 0xf0000000)
44 
45 #define LDST_I_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 26))		/* Immediate constant	*/
46 #define LDST_P_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 24))		/* Preindex		*/
47 #define LDST_U_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 23))		/* Add offset		*/
48 #define LDST_W_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 21))		/* Writeback		*/
49 #define LDST_L_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 20))		/* Load			*/
50 
51 #define LDST_P_EQ_U(i)	((((i) ^ ((i) >> 1)) & (1 << 23)) == 0)
52 
53 #define LDSTHD_I_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 22))		/* double/half-word immed */
54 #define LDM_S_BIT(i)	(i & (1 << 22))		/* write CPSR from SPSR	*/
55 
56 #define RN_BITS(i)	((i >> 16) & 15)	/* Rn			*/
57 #define RD_BITS(i)	((i >> 12) & 15)	/* Rd			*/
58 #define RM_BITS(i)	(i & 15)		/* Rm			*/
59 
60 #define REGMASK_BITS(i)	(i & 0xffff)
61 #define OFFSET_BITS(i)	(i & 0x0fff)
62 
63 #define IS_SHIFT(i)	(i & 0x0ff0)
64 #define SHIFT_BITS(i)	((i >> 7) & 0x1f)
65 #define SHIFT_TYPE(i)	(i & 0x60)
66 #define SHIFT_LSL	0x00
67 #define SHIFT_LSR	0x20
68 #define SHIFT_ASR	0x40
69 #define SHIFT_RORRRX	0x60
70 
71 #define BAD_INSTR 	0xdeadc0de
72 
73 /* Thumb-2 32 bit format per ARMv7 DDI0406A A6.3, either f800h,e800h,f800h */
74 #define IS_T32(hi16) \
75 	(((hi16) & 0xe000) == 0xe000 && ((hi16) & 0x1800))
76 
77 static unsigned long ai_user;
78 static unsigned long ai_sys;
79 static void *ai_sys_last_pc;
80 static unsigned long ai_skipped;
81 static unsigned long ai_half;
82 static unsigned long ai_word;
83 static unsigned long ai_dword;
84 static unsigned long ai_multi;
85 static int ai_usermode;
86 static unsigned long cr_no_alignment;
87 
88 core_param(alignment, ai_usermode, int, 0600);
89 
90 #define UM_WARN		(1 << 0)
91 #define UM_FIXUP	(1 << 1)
92 #define UM_SIGNAL	(1 << 2)
93 
94 /* Return true if and only if the ARMv6 unaligned access model is in use. */
cpu_is_v6_unaligned(void)95 static bool cpu_is_v6_unaligned(void)
96 {
97 	return cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6 && get_cr() & CR_U;
98 }
99 
safe_usermode(int new_usermode,bool warn)100 static int safe_usermode(int new_usermode, bool warn)
101 {
102 	/*
103 	 * ARMv6 and later CPUs can perform unaligned accesses for
104 	 * most single load and store instructions up to word size.
105 	 * LDM, STM, LDRD and STRD still need to be handled.
106 	 *
107 	 * Ignoring the alignment fault is not an option on these
108 	 * CPUs since we spin re-faulting the instruction without
109 	 * making any progress.
110 	 */
111 	if (cpu_is_v6_unaligned() && !(new_usermode & (UM_FIXUP | UM_SIGNAL))) {
112 		new_usermode |= UM_FIXUP;
113 
114 		if (warn)
115 			pr_warn("alignment: ignoring faults is unsafe on this CPU.  Defaulting to fixup mode.\n");
116 	}
117 
118 	return new_usermode;
119 }
120 
121 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
122 static const char *usermode_action[] = {
123 	"ignored",
124 	"warn",
125 	"fixup",
126 	"fixup+warn",
127 	"signal",
128 	"signal+warn"
129 };
130 
alignment_proc_show(struct seq_file * m,void * v)131 static int alignment_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
132 {
133 	seq_printf(m, "User:\t\t%lu\n", ai_user);
134 	seq_printf(m, "System:\t\t%lu (%pS)\n", ai_sys, ai_sys_last_pc);
135 	seq_printf(m, "Skipped:\t%lu\n", ai_skipped);
136 	seq_printf(m, "Half:\t\t%lu\n", ai_half);
137 	seq_printf(m, "Word:\t\t%lu\n", ai_word);
138 	if (cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv5TE)
139 		seq_printf(m, "DWord:\t\t%lu\n", ai_dword);
140 	seq_printf(m, "Multi:\t\t%lu\n", ai_multi);
141 	seq_printf(m, "User faults:\t%i (%s)\n", ai_usermode,
142 			usermode_action[ai_usermode]);
143 
144 	return 0;
145 }
146 
alignment_proc_open(struct inode * inode,struct file * file)147 static int alignment_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
148 {
149 	return single_open(file, alignment_proc_show, NULL);
150 }
151 
alignment_proc_write(struct file * file,const char __user * buffer,size_t count,loff_t * pos)152 static ssize_t alignment_proc_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
153 				    size_t count, loff_t *pos)
154 {
155 	char mode;
156 
157 	if (count > 0) {
158 		if (get_user(mode, buffer))
159 			return -EFAULT;
160 		if (mode >= '0' && mode <= '5')
161 			ai_usermode = safe_usermode(mode - '0', true);
162 	}
163 	return count;
164 }
165 
166 static const struct proc_ops alignment_proc_ops = {
167 	.proc_open	= alignment_proc_open,
168 	.proc_read	= seq_read,
169 	.proc_lseek	= seq_lseek,
170 	.proc_release	= single_release,
171 	.proc_write	= alignment_proc_write,
172 };
173 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
174 
175 union offset_union {
176 	unsigned long un;
177 	  signed long sn;
178 };
179 
180 #define TYPE_ERROR	0
181 #define TYPE_FAULT	1
182 #define TYPE_LDST	2
183 #define TYPE_DONE	3
184 
185 #ifdef __ARMEB__
186 #define BE		1
187 #define FIRST_BYTE_16	"mov	%1, %1, ror #8\n"
188 #define FIRST_BYTE_32	"mov	%1, %1, ror #24\n"
189 #define NEXT_BYTE	"ror #24"
190 #else
191 #define BE		0
192 #define FIRST_BYTE_16
193 #define FIRST_BYTE_32
194 #define NEXT_BYTE	"lsr #8"
195 #endif
196 
197 #define __get8_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr,err)	\
198 	__asm__(					\
199  ARM(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
200  THUMB(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
201  THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
202 	"2:\n"						\
203 	"	.pushsection .text.fixup,\"ax\"\n"	\
204 	"	.align	2\n"				\
205 	"3:	mov	%0, #1\n"			\
206 	"	b	2b\n"				\
207 	"	.popsection\n"				\
208 	"	.pushsection __ex_table,\"a\"\n"	\
209 	"	.align	3\n"				\
210 	"	.long	1b, 3b\n"			\
211 	"	.popsection\n"				\
212 	: "=r" (err), "=&r" (val), "=r" (addr)		\
213 	: "0" (err), "2" (addr))
214 
215 #define __get16_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
216 	do {							\
217 		unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr;		\
218 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
219 		val =  v << ((BE) ? 8 : 0);			\
220 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
221 		val |= v << ((BE) ? 0 : 8);			\
222 		if (err)					\
223 			goto fault;				\
224 	} while (0)
225 
226 #define get16_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
227 	__get16_unaligned_check("ldrb",val,addr)
228 
229 #define get16t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
230 	__get16_unaligned_check("ldrbt",val,addr)
231 
232 #define __get32_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
233 	do {							\
234 		unsigned int err = 0, v, a = addr;		\
235 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
236 		val =  v << ((BE) ? 24 :  0);			\
237 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
238 		val |= v << ((BE) ? 16 :  8);			\
239 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
240 		val |= v << ((BE) ?  8 : 16);			\
241 		__get8_unaligned_check(ins,v,a,err);		\
242 		val |= v << ((BE) ?  0 : 24);			\
243 		if (err)					\
244 			goto fault;				\
245 	} while (0)
246 
247 #define get32_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
248 	__get32_unaligned_check("ldrb",val,addr)
249 
250 #define get32t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
251 	__get32_unaligned_check("ldrbt",val,addr)
252 
253 #define __put16_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
254 	do {							\
255 		unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr;	\
256 		__asm__( FIRST_BYTE_16				\
257 	 ARM(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
258 	 THUMB(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
259 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
260 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
261 		"2:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"			\
262 		"3:\n"						\
263 		"	.pushsection .text.fixup,\"ax\"\n"	\
264 		"	.align	2\n"				\
265 		"4:	mov	%0, #1\n"			\
266 		"	b	3b\n"				\
267 		"	.popsection\n"				\
268 		"	.pushsection __ex_table,\"a\"\n"	\
269 		"	.align	3\n"				\
270 		"	.long	1b, 4b\n"			\
271 		"	.long	2b, 4b\n"			\
272 		"	.popsection\n"				\
273 		: "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a)		\
274 		: "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a));			\
275 		if (err)					\
276 			goto fault;				\
277 	} while (0)
278 
279 #define put16_unaligned_check(val,addr)  \
280 	__put16_unaligned_check("strb",val,addr)
281 
282 #define put16t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
283 	__put16_unaligned_check("strbt",val,addr)
284 
285 #define __put32_unaligned_check(ins,val,addr)			\
286 	do {							\
287 		unsigned int err = 0, v = val, a = addr;	\
288 		__asm__( FIRST_BYTE_32				\
289 	 ARM(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
290 	 THUMB(	"1:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
291 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
292 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
293 	 ARM(	"2:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
294 	 THUMB(	"2:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
295 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
296 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
297 	 ARM(	"3:	"ins"	%1, [%2], #1\n"	)		\
298 	 THUMB(	"3:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"	)		\
299 	 THUMB(	"	add	%2, %2, #1\n"	)		\
300 		"	mov	%1, %1, "NEXT_BYTE"\n"		\
301 		"4:	"ins"	%1, [%2]\n"			\
302 		"5:\n"						\
303 		"	.pushsection .text.fixup,\"ax\"\n"	\
304 		"	.align	2\n"				\
305 		"6:	mov	%0, #1\n"			\
306 		"	b	5b\n"				\
307 		"	.popsection\n"				\
308 		"	.pushsection __ex_table,\"a\"\n"	\
309 		"	.align	3\n"				\
310 		"	.long	1b, 6b\n"			\
311 		"	.long	2b, 6b\n"			\
312 		"	.long	3b, 6b\n"			\
313 		"	.long	4b, 6b\n"			\
314 		"	.popsection\n"				\
315 		: "=r" (err), "=&r" (v), "=&r" (a)		\
316 		: "0" (err), "1" (v), "2" (a));			\
317 		if (err)					\
318 			goto fault;				\
319 	} while (0)
320 
321 #define put32_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
322 	__put32_unaligned_check("strb", val, addr)
323 
324 #define put32t_unaligned_check(val,addr) \
325 	__put32_unaligned_check("strbt", val, addr)
326 
327 static void
do_alignment_finish_ldst(unsigned long addr,u32 instr,struct pt_regs * regs,union offset_union offset)328 do_alignment_finish_ldst(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs, union offset_union offset)
329 {
330 	if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr))
331 		offset.un = -offset.un;
332 
333 	if (!LDST_P_BIT(instr))
334 		addr += offset.un;
335 
336 	if (!LDST_P_BIT(instr) || LDST_W_BIT(instr))
337 		regs->uregs[RN_BITS(instr)] = addr;
338 }
339 
340 static int
do_alignment_ldrhstrh(unsigned long addr,u32 instr,struct pt_regs * regs)341 do_alignment_ldrhstrh(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
342 {
343 	unsigned int rd = RD_BITS(instr);
344 
345 	ai_half += 1;
346 
347 	if (user_mode(regs))
348 		goto user;
349 
350 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
351 		unsigned long val;
352 		get16_unaligned_check(val, addr);
353 
354 		/* signed half-word? */
355 		if (instr & 0x40)
356 			val = (signed long)((signed short) val);
357 
358 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
359 	} else
360 		put16_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
361 
362 	return TYPE_LDST;
363 
364  user:
365 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
366 		unsigned long val;
367 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
368 
369 		get16t_unaligned_check(val, addr);
370 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
371 
372 		/* signed half-word? */
373 		if (instr & 0x40)
374 			val = (signed long)((signed short) val);
375 
376 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
377 	} else {
378 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
379 		put16t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
380 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
381 	}
382 
383 	return TYPE_LDST;
384 
385  fault:
386 	return TYPE_FAULT;
387 }
388 
389 static int
do_alignment_ldrdstrd(unsigned long addr,u32 instr,struct pt_regs * regs)390 do_alignment_ldrdstrd(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
391 {
392 	unsigned int rd = RD_BITS(instr);
393 	unsigned int rd2;
394 	int load;
395 
396 	if ((instr & 0xfe000000) == 0xe8000000) {
397 		/* ARMv7 Thumb-2 32-bit LDRD/STRD */
398 		rd2 = (instr >> 8) & 0xf;
399 		load = !!(LDST_L_BIT(instr));
400 	} else if (((rd & 1) == 1) || (rd == 14))
401 		goto bad;
402 	else {
403 		load = ((instr & 0xf0) == 0xd0);
404 		rd2 = rd + 1;
405 	}
406 
407 	ai_dword += 1;
408 
409 	if (user_mode(regs))
410 		goto user;
411 
412 	if (load) {
413 		unsigned long val;
414 		get32_unaligned_check(val, addr);
415 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
416 		get32_unaligned_check(val, addr + 4);
417 		regs->uregs[rd2] = val;
418 	} else {
419 		put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
420 		put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd2], addr + 4);
421 	}
422 
423 	return TYPE_LDST;
424 
425  user:
426 	if (load) {
427 		unsigned long val, val2;
428 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
429 
430 		get32t_unaligned_check(val, addr);
431 		get32t_unaligned_check(val2, addr + 4);
432 
433 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
434 
435 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
436 		regs->uregs[rd2] = val2;
437 	} else {
438 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
439 		put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
440 		put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd2], addr + 4);
441 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
442 	}
443 
444 	return TYPE_LDST;
445  bad:
446 	return TYPE_ERROR;
447  fault:
448 	return TYPE_FAULT;
449 }
450 
451 static int
do_alignment_ldrstr(unsigned long addr,u32 instr,struct pt_regs * regs)452 do_alignment_ldrstr(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
453 {
454 	unsigned int rd = RD_BITS(instr);
455 
456 	ai_word += 1;
457 
458 	if ((!LDST_P_BIT(instr) && LDST_W_BIT(instr)) || user_mode(regs))
459 		goto trans;
460 
461 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
462 		unsigned int val;
463 		get32_unaligned_check(val, addr);
464 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
465 	} else
466 		put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
467 	return TYPE_LDST;
468 
469  trans:
470 	if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
471 		unsigned int val;
472 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
473 		get32t_unaligned_check(val, addr);
474 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
475 		regs->uregs[rd] = val;
476 	} else {
477 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
478 		put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], addr);
479 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
480 	}
481 	return TYPE_LDST;
482 
483  fault:
484 	return TYPE_FAULT;
485 }
486 
487 /*
488  * LDM/STM alignment handler.
489  *
490  * There are 4 variants of this instruction:
491  *
492  * B = rn pointer before instruction, A = rn pointer after instruction
493  *              ------ increasing address ----->
494  *	        |    | r0 | r1 | ... | rx |    |
495  * PU = 01             B                    A
496  * PU = 11        B                    A
497  * PU = 00        A                    B
498  * PU = 10             A                    B
499  */
500 static int
do_alignment_ldmstm(unsigned long addr,u32 instr,struct pt_regs * regs)501 do_alignment_ldmstm(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs)
502 {
503 	unsigned int rd, rn, correction, nr_regs, regbits;
504 	unsigned long eaddr, newaddr;
505 
506 	if (LDM_S_BIT(instr))
507 		goto bad;
508 
509 	correction = 4; /* processor implementation defined */
510 	regs->ARM_pc += correction;
511 
512 	ai_multi += 1;
513 
514 	/* count the number of registers in the mask to be transferred */
515 	nr_regs = hweight16(REGMASK_BITS(instr)) * 4;
516 
517 	rn = RN_BITS(instr);
518 	newaddr = eaddr = regs->uregs[rn];
519 
520 	if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr))
521 		nr_regs = -nr_regs;
522 	newaddr += nr_regs;
523 	if (!LDST_U_BIT(instr))
524 		eaddr = newaddr;
525 
526 	if (LDST_P_EQ_U(instr))	/* U = P */
527 		eaddr += 4;
528 
529 	/*
530 	 * For alignment faults on the ARM922T/ARM920T the MMU  makes
531 	 * the FSR (and hence addr) equal to the updated base address
532 	 * of the multiple access rather than the restored value.
533 	 * Switch this message off if we've got a ARM92[02], otherwise
534 	 * [ls]dm alignment faults are noisy!
535 	 */
536 #if !(defined CONFIG_CPU_ARM922T)  && !(defined CONFIG_CPU_ARM920T)
537 	/*
538 	 * This is a "hint" - we already have eaddr worked out by the
539 	 * processor for us.
540 	 */
541 	if (addr != eaddr) {
542 		pr_err("LDMSTM: PC = %08lx, instr = %08x, "
543 			"addr = %08lx, eaddr = %08lx\n",
544 			 instruction_pointer(regs), instr, addr, eaddr);
545 		show_regs(regs);
546 	}
547 #endif
548 
549 	if (user_mode(regs)) {
550 		unsigned int __ua_flags = uaccess_save_and_enable();
551 		for (regbits = REGMASK_BITS(instr), rd = 0; regbits;
552 		     regbits >>= 1, rd += 1)
553 			if (regbits & 1) {
554 				if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
555 					unsigned int val;
556 					get32t_unaligned_check(val, eaddr);
557 					regs->uregs[rd] = val;
558 				} else
559 					put32t_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], eaddr);
560 				eaddr += 4;
561 			}
562 		uaccess_restore(__ua_flags);
563 	} else {
564 		for (regbits = REGMASK_BITS(instr), rd = 0; regbits;
565 		     regbits >>= 1, rd += 1)
566 			if (regbits & 1) {
567 				if (LDST_L_BIT(instr)) {
568 					unsigned int val;
569 					get32_unaligned_check(val, eaddr);
570 					regs->uregs[rd] = val;
571 				} else
572 					put32_unaligned_check(regs->uregs[rd], eaddr);
573 				eaddr += 4;
574 			}
575 	}
576 
577 	if (LDST_W_BIT(instr))
578 		regs->uregs[rn] = newaddr;
579 	if (!LDST_L_BIT(instr) || !(REGMASK_BITS(instr) & (1 << 15)))
580 		regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
581 	return TYPE_DONE;
582 
583 fault:
584 	regs->ARM_pc -= correction;
585 	return TYPE_FAULT;
586 
587 bad:
588 	pr_err("Alignment trap: not handling ldm with s-bit set\n");
589 	return TYPE_ERROR;
590 }
591 
592 /*
593  * Convert Thumb ld/st instruction forms to equivalent ARM instructions so
594  * we can reuse ARM userland alignment fault fixups for Thumb.
595  *
596  * This implementation was initially based on the algorithm found in
597  * gdb/sim/arm/thumbemu.c. It is basically just a code reduction of same
598  * to convert only Thumb ld/st instruction forms to equivalent ARM forms.
599  *
600  * NOTES:
601  * 1. Comments below refer to ARM ARM DDI0100E Thumb Instruction sections.
602  * 2. If for some reason we're passed an non-ld/st Thumb instruction to
603  *    decode, we return 0xdeadc0de. This should never happen under normal
604  *    circumstances but if it does, we've got other problems to deal with
605  *    elsewhere and we obviously can't fix those problems here.
606  */
607 
608 static unsigned long
thumb2arm(u16 tinstr)609 thumb2arm(u16 tinstr)
610 {
611 	u32 L = (tinstr & (1<<11)) >> 11;
612 
613 	switch ((tinstr & 0xf800) >> 11) {
614 	/* 6.5.1 Format 1: */
615 	case 0x6000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.52 STR(1) */
616 	case 0x6800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.26 LDR(1) */
617 	case 0x7000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.55 STRB(1) */
618 	case 0x7800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.30 LDRB(1) */
619 		return 0xe5800000 |
620 			((tinstr & (1<<12)) << (22-12)) |	/* fixup */
621 			(L<<20) |				/* L==1? */
622 			((tinstr & (7<<0)) << (12-0)) |		/* Rd */
623 			((tinstr & (7<<3)) << (16-3)) |		/* Rn */
624 			((tinstr & (31<<6)) >>			/* immed_5 */
625 				(6 - ((tinstr & (1<<12)) ? 0 : 2)));
626 	case 0x8000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.57 STRH(1) */
627 	case 0x8800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.32 LDRH(1) */
628 		return 0xe1c000b0 |
629 			(L<<20) |				/* L==1? */
630 			((tinstr & (7<<0)) << (12-0)) |		/* Rd */
631 			((tinstr & (7<<3)) << (16-3)) |		/* Rn */
632 			((tinstr & (7<<6)) >> (6-1)) |	 /* immed_5[2:0] */
633 			((tinstr & (3<<9)) >> (9-8));	 /* immed_5[4:3] */
634 
635 	/* 6.5.1 Format 2: */
636 	case 0x5000 >> 11:
637 	case 0x5800 >> 11:
638 		{
639 			static const u32 subset[8] = {
640 				0xe7800000,		/* 7.1.53 STR(2) */
641 				0xe18000b0,		/* 7.1.58 STRH(2) */
642 				0xe7c00000,		/* 7.1.56 STRB(2) */
643 				0xe19000d0,		/* 7.1.34 LDRSB */
644 				0xe7900000,		/* 7.1.27 LDR(2) */
645 				0xe19000b0,		/* 7.1.33 LDRH(2) */
646 				0xe7d00000,		/* 7.1.31 LDRB(2) */
647 				0xe19000f0		/* 7.1.35 LDRSH */
648 			};
649 			return subset[(tinstr & (7<<9)) >> 9] |
650 			    ((tinstr & (7<<0)) << (12-0)) |	/* Rd */
651 			    ((tinstr & (7<<3)) << (16-3)) |	/* Rn */
652 			    ((tinstr & (7<<6)) >> (6-0));	/* Rm */
653 		}
654 
655 	/* 6.5.1 Format 3: */
656 	case 0x4800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.28 LDR(3) */
657 		/* NOTE: This case is not technically possible. We're
658 		 *	 loading 32-bit memory data via PC relative
659 		 *	 addressing mode. So we can and should eliminate
660 		 *	 this case. But I'll leave it here for now.
661 		 */
662 		return 0xe59f0000 |
663 		    ((tinstr & (7<<8)) << (12-8)) |		/* Rd */
664 		    ((tinstr & 255) << (2-0));			/* immed_8 */
665 
666 	/* 6.5.1 Format 4: */
667 	case 0x9000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.54 STR(3) */
668 	case 0x9800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.29 LDR(4) */
669 		return 0xe58d0000 |
670 			(L<<20) |				/* L==1? */
671 			((tinstr & (7<<8)) << (12-8)) |		/* Rd */
672 			((tinstr & 255) << 2);			/* immed_8 */
673 
674 	/* 6.6.1 Format 1: */
675 	case 0xc000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.51 STMIA */
676 	case 0xc800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.25 LDMIA */
677 		{
678 			u32 Rn = (tinstr & (7<<8)) >> 8;
679 			u32 W = ((L<<Rn) & (tinstr&255)) ? 0 : 1<<21;
680 
681 			return 0xe8800000 | W | (L<<20) | (Rn<<16) |
682 				(tinstr&255);
683 		}
684 
685 	/* 6.6.1 Format 2: */
686 	case 0xb000 >> 11:				/* 7.1.48 PUSH */
687 	case 0xb800 >> 11:				/* 7.1.47 POP */
688 		if ((tinstr & (3 << 9)) == 0x0400) {
689 			static const u32 subset[4] = {
690 				0xe92d0000,	/* STMDB sp!,{registers} */
691 				0xe92d4000,	/* STMDB sp!,{registers,lr} */
692 				0xe8bd0000,	/* LDMIA sp!,{registers} */
693 				0xe8bd8000	/* LDMIA sp!,{registers,pc} */
694 			};
695 			return subset[(L<<1) | ((tinstr & (1<<8)) >> 8)] |
696 			    (tinstr & 255);		/* register_list */
697 		}
698 		fallthrough;	/* for illegal instruction case */
699 
700 	default:
701 		return BAD_INSTR;
702 	}
703 }
704 
705 /*
706  * Convert Thumb-2 32 bit LDM, STM, LDRD, STRD to equivalent instruction
707  * handlable by ARM alignment handler, also find the corresponding handler,
708  * so that we can reuse ARM userland alignment fault fixups for Thumb.
709  *
710  * @pinstr: original Thumb-2 instruction; returns new handlable instruction
711  * @regs: register context.
712  * @poffset: return offset from faulted addr for later writeback
713  *
714  * NOTES:
715  * 1. Comments below refer to ARMv7 DDI0406A Thumb Instruction sections.
716  * 2. Register name Rt from ARMv7 is same as Rd from ARMv6 (Rd is Rt)
717  */
718 static void *
do_alignment_t32_to_handler(u32 * pinstr,struct pt_regs * regs,union offset_union * poffset)719 do_alignment_t32_to_handler(u32 *pinstr, struct pt_regs *regs,
720 			    union offset_union *poffset)
721 {
722 	u32 instr = *pinstr;
723 	u16 tinst1 = (instr >> 16) & 0xffff;
724 	u16 tinst2 = instr & 0xffff;
725 
726 	switch (tinst1 & 0xffe0) {
727 	/* A6.3.5 Load/Store multiple */
728 	case 0xe880:		/* STM/STMIA/STMEA,LDM/LDMIA, PUSH/POP T2 */
729 	case 0xe8a0:		/* ...above writeback version */
730 	case 0xe900:		/* STMDB/STMFD, LDMDB/LDMEA */
731 	case 0xe920:		/* ...above writeback version */
732 		/* no need offset decision since handler calculates it */
733 		return do_alignment_ldmstm;
734 
735 	case 0xf840:		/* POP/PUSH T3 (single register) */
736 		if (RN_BITS(instr) == 13 && (tinst2 & 0x09ff) == 0x0904) {
737 			u32 L = !!(LDST_L_BIT(instr));
738 			const u32 subset[2] = {
739 				0xe92d0000,	/* STMDB sp!,{registers} */
740 				0xe8bd0000,	/* LDMIA sp!,{registers} */
741 			};
742 			*pinstr = subset[L] | (1<<RD_BITS(instr));
743 			return do_alignment_ldmstm;
744 		}
745 		/* Else fall through for illegal instruction case */
746 		break;
747 
748 	/* A6.3.6 Load/store double, STRD/LDRD(immed, lit, reg) */
749 	case 0xe860:
750 	case 0xe960:
751 	case 0xe8e0:
752 	case 0xe9e0:
753 		poffset->un = (tinst2 & 0xff) << 2;
754 		fallthrough;
755 
756 	case 0xe940:
757 	case 0xe9c0:
758 		return do_alignment_ldrdstrd;
759 
760 	/*
761 	 * No need to handle load/store instructions up to word size
762 	 * since ARMv6 and later CPUs can perform unaligned accesses.
763 	 */
764 	default:
765 		break;
766 	}
767 	return NULL;
768 }
769 
alignment_get_arm(struct pt_regs * regs,u32 * ip,u32 * inst)770 static int alignment_get_arm(struct pt_regs *regs, u32 *ip, u32 *inst)
771 {
772 	u32 instr = 0;
773 	int fault;
774 
775 	if (user_mode(regs))
776 		fault = get_user(instr, ip);
777 	else
778 		fault = get_kernel_nofault(instr, ip);
779 
780 	*inst = __mem_to_opcode_arm(instr);
781 
782 	return fault;
783 }
784 
alignment_get_thumb(struct pt_regs * regs,u16 * ip,u16 * inst)785 static int alignment_get_thumb(struct pt_regs *regs, u16 *ip, u16 *inst)
786 {
787 	u16 instr = 0;
788 	int fault;
789 
790 	if (user_mode(regs))
791 		fault = get_user(instr, ip);
792 	else
793 		fault = get_kernel_nofault(instr, ip);
794 
795 	*inst = __mem_to_opcode_thumb16(instr);
796 
797 	return fault;
798 }
799 
800 static int
do_alignment(unsigned long addr,unsigned int fsr,struct pt_regs * regs)801 do_alignment(unsigned long addr, unsigned int fsr, struct pt_regs *regs)
802 {
803 	union offset_union offset;
804 	unsigned long instrptr;
805 	int (*handler)(unsigned long addr, u32 instr, struct pt_regs *regs);
806 	unsigned int type;
807 	u32 instr = 0;
808 	u16 tinstr = 0;
809 	int isize = 4;
810 	int thumb2_32b = 0;
811 	int fault;
812 
813 	if (addr >= TASK_SIZE && user_mode(regs))
814 		harden_branch_predictor();
815 
816 	if (interrupts_enabled(regs))
817 		local_irq_enable();
818 
819 	instrptr = instruction_pointer(regs);
820 
821 	if (thumb_mode(regs)) {
822 		u16 *ptr = (u16 *)(instrptr & ~1);
823 
824 		fault = alignment_get_thumb(regs, ptr, &tinstr);
825 		if (!fault) {
826 			if (cpu_architecture() >= CPU_ARCH_ARMv7 &&
827 			    IS_T32(tinstr)) {
828 				/* Thumb-2 32-bit */
829 				u16 tinst2;
830 				fault = alignment_get_thumb(regs, ptr + 1, &tinst2);
831 				instr = __opcode_thumb32_compose(tinstr, tinst2);
832 				thumb2_32b = 1;
833 			} else {
834 				isize = 2;
835 				instr = thumb2arm(tinstr);
836 			}
837 		}
838 	} else {
839 		fault = alignment_get_arm(regs, (void *)instrptr, &instr);
840 	}
841 
842 	if (fault) {
843 		type = TYPE_FAULT;
844 		goto bad_or_fault;
845 	}
846 
847 	if (user_mode(regs))
848 		goto user;
849 
850 	ai_sys += 1;
851 	ai_sys_last_pc = (void *)instruction_pointer(regs);
852 
853  fixup:
854 
855 	regs->ARM_pc += isize;
856 
857 	switch (CODING_BITS(instr)) {
858 	case 0x00000000:	/* 3.13.4 load/store instruction extensions */
859 		if (LDSTHD_I_BIT(instr))
860 			offset.un = (instr & 0xf00) >> 4 | (instr & 15);
861 		else
862 			offset.un = regs->uregs[RM_BITS(instr)];
863 
864 		if ((instr & 0x000000f0) == 0x000000b0 || /* LDRH, STRH */
865 		    (instr & 0x001000f0) == 0x001000f0)   /* LDRSH */
866 			handler = do_alignment_ldrhstrh;
867 		else if ((instr & 0x001000f0) == 0x000000d0 || /* LDRD */
868 			 (instr & 0x001000f0) == 0x000000f0)   /* STRD */
869 			handler = do_alignment_ldrdstrd;
870 		else if ((instr & 0x01f00ff0) == 0x01000090) /* SWP */
871 			goto swp;
872 		else
873 			goto bad;
874 		break;
875 
876 	case 0x04000000:	/* ldr or str immediate */
877 		if (COND_BITS(instr) == 0xf0000000) /* NEON VLDn, VSTn */
878 			goto bad;
879 		offset.un = OFFSET_BITS(instr);
880 		handler = do_alignment_ldrstr;
881 		break;
882 
883 	case 0x06000000:	/* ldr or str register */
884 		offset.un = regs->uregs[RM_BITS(instr)];
885 
886 		if (IS_SHIFT(instr)) {
887 			unsigned int shiftval = SHIFT_BITS(instr);
888 
889 			switch(SHIFT_TYPE(instr)) {
890 			case SHIFT_LSL:
891 				offset.un <<= shiftval;
892 				break;
893 
894 			case SHIFT_LSR:
895 				offset.un >>= shiftval;
896 				break;
897 
898 			case SHIFT_ASR:
899 				offset.sn >>= shiftval;
900 				break;
901 
902 			case SHIFT_RORRRX:
903 				if (shiftval == 0) {
904 					offset.un >>= 1;
905 					if (regs->ARM_cpsr & PSR_C_BIT)
906 						offset.un |= 1 << 31;
907 				} else
908 					offset.un = offset.un >> shiftval |
909 							  offset.un << (32 - shiftval);
910 				break;
911 			}
912 		}
913 		handler = do_alignment_ldrstr;
914 		break;
915 
916 	case 0x08000000:	/* ldm or stm, or thumb-2 32bit instruction */
917 		if (thumb2_32b) {
918 			offset.un = 0;
919 			handler = do_alignment_t32_to_handler(&instr, regs, &offset);
920 		} else {
921 			offset.un = 0;
922 			handler = do_alignment_ldmstm;
923 		}
924 		break;
925 
926 	default:
927 		goto bad;
928 	}
929 
930 	if (!handler)
931 		goto bad;
932 	type = handler(addr, instr, regs);
933 
934 	if (type == TYPE_ERROR || type == TYPE_FAULT) {
935 		regs->ARM_pc -= isize;
936 		goto bad_or_fault;
937 	}
938 
939 	if (type == TYPE_LDST)
940 		do_alignment_finish_ldst(addr, instr, regs, offset);
941 
942 	if (thumb_mode(regs))
943 		regs->ARM_cpsr = it_advance(regs->ARM_cpsr);
944 
945 	return 0;
946 
947  bad_or_fault:
948 	if (type == TYPE_ERROR)
949 		goto bad;
950 	/*
951 	 * We got a fault - fix it up, or die.
952 	 */
953 	do_bad_area(addr, fsr, regs);
954 	return 0;
955 
956  swp:
957 	pr_err("Alignment trap: not handling swp instruction\n");
958 
959  bad:
960 	/*
961 	 * Oops, we didn't handle the instruction.
962 	 */
963 	pr_err("Alignment trap: not handling instruction "
964 		"%0*x at [<%08lx>]\n",
965 		isize << 1,
966 		isize == 2 ? tinstr : instr, instrptr);
967 	ai_skipped += 1;
968 	return 1;
969 
970  user:
971 	ai_user += 1;
972 
973 	if (ai_usermode & UM_WARN)
974 		printk("Alignment trap: %s (%d) PC=0x%08lx Instr=0x%0*x "
975 		       "Address=0x%08lx FSR 0x%03x\n", current->comm,
976 			task_pid_nr(current), instrptr,
977 			isize << 1,
978 			isize == 2 ? tinstr : instr,
979 		        addr, fsr);
980 
981 	if (ai_usermode & UM_FIXUP)
982 		goto fixup;
983 
984 	if (ai_usermode & UM_SIGNAL) {
985 		force_sig_fault(SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN, (void __user *)addr);
986 	} else {
987 		/*
988 		 * We're about to disable the alignment trap and return to
989 		 * user space.  But if an interrupt occurs before actually
990 		 * reaching user space, then the IRQ vector entry code will
991 		 * notice that we were still in kernel space and therefore
992 		 * the alignment trap won't be re-enabled in that case as it
993 		 * is presumed to be always on from kernel space.
994 		 * Let's prevent that race by disabling interrupts here (they
995 		 * are disabled on the way back to user space anyway in
996 		 * entry-common.S) and disable the alignment trap only if
997 		 * there is no work pending for this thread.
998 		 */
999 		raw_local_irq_disable();
1000 		if (!(read_thread_flags() & _TIF_WORK_MASK))
1001 			set_cr(cr_no_alignment);
1002 	}
1003 
1004 	return 0;
1005 }
1006 
noalign_setup(char * __unused)1007 static int __init noalign_setup(char *__unused)
1008 {
1009 	set_cr(__clear_cr(CR_A));
1010 	return 1;
1011 }
1012 __setup("noalign", noalign_setup);
1013 
1014 /*
1015  * This needs to be done after sysctl_init_bases(), otherwise sys/ will be
1016  * overwritten.  Actually, this shouldn't be in sys/ at all since
1017  * it isn't a sysctl, and it doesn't contain sysctl information.
1018  * We now locate it in /proc/cpu/alignment instead.
1019  */
alignment_init(void)1020 static int __init alignment_init(void)
1021 {
1022 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1023 	struct proc_dir_entry *res;
1024 
1025 	res = proc_create("cpu/alignment", S_IWUSR | S_IRUGO, NULL,
1026 			  &alignment_proc_ops);
1027 	if (!res)
1028 		return -ENOMEM;
1029 #endif
1030 
1031 	if (cpu_is_v6_unaligned()) {
1032 		set_cr(__clear_cr(CR_A));
1033 		ai_usermode = safe_usermode(ai_usermode, false);
1034 	}
1035 
1036 	cr_no_alignment = get_cr() & ~CR_A;
1037 
1038 	hook_fault_code(FAULT_CODE_ALIGNMENT, do_alignment, SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN,
1039 			"alignment exception");
1040 
1041 	/*
1042 	 * ARMv6K and ARMv7 use fault status 3 (0b00011) as Access Flag section
1043 	 * fault, not as alignment error.
1044 	 *
1045 	 * TODO: handle ARMv6K properly. Runtime check for 'K' extension is
1046 	 * needed.
1047 	 */
1048 	if (cpu_architecture() <= CPU_ARCH_ARMv6) {
1049 		hook_fault_code(3, do_alignment, SIGBUS, BUS_ADRALN,
1050 				"alignment exception");
1051 	}
1052 
1053 	return 0;
1054 }
1055 
1056 fs_initcall(alignment_init);
1057