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/linux/drivers/fpga/
H A Ddfl-afu-dma-region.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Driver for FPGA Accelerated Function Unit (AFU) DMA Region Management
5 * Copyright (C) 2017-2018 Intel Corporation, Inc.
12 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
17 #include "dfl-afu.h"
23 afu->dma_regions = RB_ROOT; in afu_dma_region_init()
27 * afu_dma_pin_pages - pin pages of given dma memory region
29 * @region: dma memory region to be pinned
35 struct dfl_afu_dma_region *region) in afu_dma_pin_pages() argument
37 int npages = region->length >> PAGE_SHIFT; in afu_dma_pin_pages()
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/linux/tools/testing/memblock/tests/
H A Dbasic_api.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
17 ASSERT_NE(memblock.memory.regions, NULL); in memblock_initialization_check()
18 ASSERT_EQ(memblock.memory.cnt, 0); in memblock_initialization_check()
19 ASSERT_EQ(memblock.memory.max, EXPECTED_MEMBLOCK_REGIONS); in memblock_initialization_check()
20 ASSERT_EQ(strcmp(memblock.memory.name, "memory"), 0); in memblock_initialization_check()
24 ASSERT_EQ(memblock.memory.max, EXPECTED_MEMBLOCK_REGIONS); in memblock_initialization_check()
36 * A simple test that adds a memory block of a specified base address
37 * and size to the collection of available memory regions (memblock.memory).
38 * Expect to create a new entry. The region counter and total memory get
45 rgn = &memblock.memory.regions[0]; in memblock_add_simple_check()
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H A Dalloc_api.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
21 * A simple test that tries to allocate a small memory region.
22 * Expect to allocate an aligned region near the end of the available memory.
34 expected_start = memblock_end_of_DRAM() - SMP_CACHE_BYTES; in alloc_top_down_simple_check()
41 ASSERT_EQ(rgn->size, size); in alloc_top_down_simple_check()
42 ASSERT_EQ(rgn->base, expected_start); in alloc_top_down_simple_check()
53 * A test that tries to allocate memory next to a reserved region that starts at
58 * | +--------+ +--------|
60 * +------------+--------+---------+--------+
65 * The allocation direction is top-down and region arrays are sorted from lower
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H A Dalloc_nid_api.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
51 * A simple test that tries to allocate a memory region within min_addr and
55 * | + +-----------+ |
57 * +----+-------+-----------+------+
62 * Expect to allocate a region that ends at max_addr.
82 rgn_end = rgn->base + rgn->size; in alloc_nid_top_down_simple_check()
87 ASSERT_EQ(rgn->size, size); in alloc_nid_top_down_simple_check()
88 ASSERT_EQ(rgn->base, max_addr - size); in alloc_nid_top_down_simple_check()
100 * A simple test that tries to allocate a memory region within min_addr and
104 * | + +---------+ + |
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H A Dalloc_exact_nid_api.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
23 * A test that tries to allocate a memory region in a specific NUMA node that
24 * has enough memory to allocate a region of the requested size.
25 * Expect to allocate an aligned region at the end of the requested node.
31 struct memblock_region *req_node = &memblock.memory.regions[nid_req]; in alloc_exact_nid_top_down_numa_simple_check()
40 ASSERT_LE(SZ_4, req_node->size); in alloc_exact_nid_top_down_numa_simple_check()
41 size = req_node->size / SZ_4; in alloc_exact_nid_top_down_numa_simple_check()
52 ASSERT_EQ(new_rgn->size, size); in alloc_exact_nid_top_down_numa_simple_check()
53 ASSERT_EQ(new_rgn->base, region_end(req_node) - size); in alloc_exact_nid_top_down_numa_simple_check()
54 ASSERT_LE(req_node->base, new_rgn->base); in alloc_exact_nid_top_down_numa_simple_check()
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H A Dalloc_helpers_api.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
5 * A simple test that tries to allocate a memory region above a specified,
9 * | +-----------+ |
11 * +----------+-----------+---------+
16 * Expect to allocate a cleared region at the minimal memory address.
28 min_addr = memblock_end_of_DRAM() - SMP_CACHE_BYTES; in alloc_from_simple_generic_check()
35 ASSERT_EQ(rgn->size, size); in alloc_from_simple_generic_check()
36 ASSERT_EQ(rgn->base, min_addr); in alloc_from_simple_generic_check()
47 * A test that tries to allocate a memory region above a certain address.
51 * | + +---------+ |
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/linux/mm/
H A Dmemblock.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
3 * Procedures for maintaining information about logical memory blocks.
39 * Memblock is a method of managing memory regions during the early
40 * boot period when the usual kernel memory allocators are not up and
43 * Memblock views the system memory as collections of contiguous
46 * * ``memory`` - describes the physical memory available to the
47 * kernel; this may differ from the actual physical memory installed
48 * in the system, for instance when the memory is restricted with
50 * * ``reserved`` - describes the regions that were allocated
51 * * ``physmem`` - describes the actual physical memory available during
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H A Dnommu.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
6 * have any form of memory management unit (thus no virtual memory).
8 * See Documentation/admin-guide/mm/nommu-mmap.rst
10 * Copyright (c) 2004-2008 David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
11 * Copyright (c) 2000-200
430 struct vm_region *region, *last; validate_nommu_regions() local
461 add_nommu_region(struct vm_region * region) add_nommu_region() argument
492 delete_nommu_region(struct vm_region * region) delete_nommu_region() argument
520 __put_nommu_region(struct vm_region * region) __put_nommu_region() argument
546 put_nommu_region(struct vm_region * region) put_nommu_region() argument
922 do_mmap_private(struct vm_area_struct * vma,struct vm_region * region,unsigned long len,unsigned long capabilities) do_mmap_private() argument
1030 struct vm_region *region; do_mmap() local
1317 struct vm_region *region; split_vma() local
1395 struct vm_region *region; vmi_shrink_vma() local
1742 struct vm_region *region; nommu_shrink_inode_mappings() local
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/linux/arch/arm64/boot/dts/qcom/
H A Dqcs8550.dtsi1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3 * Copyright (c) 2023-2024, Qualcomm Innovation Center, Inc. All rights reserved.
8 /delete-node/ &reserved_memory;
11 reserved_memory: reserved-memory {
12 #address-cells = <2>;
13 #size-cells = <2>;
17 /* These are 3 types of reserved memory regions here:
24 * table and add reserved memory regions to efi config table. Current
25 * reserved memory region may have reserved region which was not yet
27 * 2. Firmware related memory regions which are shared with Kernel
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/linux/include/uapi/linux/
H A Dnitro_enclaves.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
3 * Copyright 2020-2021 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
16 * NE_CREATE_VM - The command is used to create a slot that is associated with
20 * setting any resources, such as memory and vCPUs, for an
21 * enclave. Memory and vCPUs are set for the slot mapped to an enclave.
25 * Its format is the detailed in the cpu-lists section:
26 * https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html
34 * * Enclave file descriptor - Enclave file descriptor used with
35 * ioctl calls to set vCPUs and memory
37 * * -1 - There was a failure in the ioctl logic.
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/linux/drivers/net/ipa/
H A Dipa_mem.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 /* Copyright (c) 2012-2018, The Linux Foundation. All rights reserved.
4 * Copyright (C) 2019-2024 Linaro Ltd.
7 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
23 /* "Canary" value placed between memory regions to detect overflow */
33 for (i = 0; i < ipa->mem_count; i++) { in ipa_mem_find()
34 const struct ipa_mem *mem = &ipa->mem[i]; in ipa_mem_find()
36 if (mem->id == mem_id) in ipa_mem_find()
43 /* Add an immediate command to a transaction that zeroes a memory region */
47 struct ipa *ipa = container_of(trans->gsi, struct ipa, gsi); in ipa_mem_zero_region_add()
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H A Dipa_mem.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
3 /* Copyright (c) 2012-2018, The Linux Foundation. All rights reserved.
4 * Copyright (C) 2019-2024 Linaro Ltd.
17 * DOC: IPA Local Memory
19 * The IPA has a block of shared memory, divided into regions used for
23 * the "ipa-shared" memory range) and size found in the IPA_SHARED_MEM_SIZE
26 * Each region is optionally preceded by one or more 32-bit "canary" values.
27 * These are meant to detect out-of-range writes (if they become corrupted).
28 * A given region (such as a filter or routing table) has the same number
32 * The set of memory regions is defined in configuration data. They are
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/linux/include/linux/
H A Dmemblock.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
6 * Logical memory blocks.
28 * enum memblock_flags - definition of memory region attributes
30 * @MEMBLOCK_HOTPLUG: memory region indicated in the firmware-provided memory
31 * map during early boot as hot(un)pluggable system RAM (e.g., memory range
33 * commandline, try keeping this memory region hotunpluggable. Does not apply
35 * @MEMBLOCK_MIRROR: mirrored region
37 * reserved in the memory map; refer to memblock_mark_nomap() description
39 * @MEMBLOCK_DRIVER_MANAGED: memory region that is always detected and added
40 * via a driver, and never indicated in the firmware-provided memory map as
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/linux/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/lib/
H A Dkvm_util.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
43 * flags - The flags to pass when opening KVM_DEV_PATH.
85 * 16 bytes to hold a 64-bit value (1 byte per char), 1 byte for the in get_module_param_integer()
95 TEST_ASSERT(value[r - 1] == '\n', in get_module_param_integer()
96 "Expected trailing newline, got char '%c'", value[r - 1]); in get_module_param_integer()
100 * trailing non-NUL characters in the string. in get_module_param_integer()
102 value[r - 1] = '\0'; in get_module_param_integer()
156 * cap - Capability
188 vm->dirty_ring_size = ring_size; in vm_enable_dirty_ring()
193 vm->kvm_fd = _open_kvm_dev_path_or_exit(O_RDWR); in vm_open()
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/linux/arch/x86/boot/compressed/
H A Dkaslr.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
8 * handles walking the physical memory maps (and tracking memory regions
9 * to avoid) in order to select a physical memory location that can
41 /* Simplified build-specific string for starting entropy. */
53 hash = (hash << ((sizeof(hash) * 8) - 7)) | (hash >> 7); in rotate_xor()
82 * Store memory limit: MAXMEM on 64-bit and KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE on 32-bit.
87 /* Number of immovable memory regions */
96 MEM_AVOID_MEMMAP_END = MEM_AVOID_MEMMAP_BEGIN + MAX_MEMMAP_REGIONS - 1,
105 if (one->start + one->size <= two->start) in mem_overlaps()
108 if (one->start >= two->start + two->size) in mem_overlaps()
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/linux/drivers/acpi/
H A Dnvs.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
3 * nvs.c - Routines for saving and restoring ACPI NVS memory region
5 * Copyright (C) 2008-2011 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>, Novell Inc.
40 struct nvs_region *region; in acpi_nvs_register() local
42 region = kmalloc(sizeof(*region), GFP_KERNEL); in acpi_nvs_register()
43 if (!region) in acpi_nvs_register()
44 return -ENOMEM; in acpi_nvs_register()
45 region->phys_start = start; in acpi_nvs_register()
46 region->size = size; in acpi_nvs_register()
47 list_add_tail(&region->node, &nvs_region_list); in acpi_nvs_register()
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/linux/Documentation/PCI/endpoint/
H A Dpci-ntb-function.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
9 PCI Non-Transparent Bridges (NTB) allow two host systems to communicate
12 machine, expose memory ranges as BARs, and perform DMA. They also support
13 scratchpads, which are areas of memory within the NTB that are accessible
26 .. code-block:: text
28 +-------------+ +-------------+
32 +------^------+ +------^------+
35 +---------|-------------------------------------------------|---------+
36 | +------v------+ +------v------+ |
40 | | <-----------------------------------> | |
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/linux/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/
H A Dintel_region_ttm.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
19 * The code in this file deals with setting up memory managers for TTM
22 * i915 GEM regions to TTM memory types and resource managers.
26 * intel_region_ttm_device_init - Initialize a TTM device
33 struct drm_device *drm = &dev_priv->drm; in intel_region_ttm_device_init()
35 return ttm_device_init(&dev_priv->bdev, i915_ttm_driver(), in intel_region_ttm_device_init()
36 drm->dev, drm->anon_inode->i_mapping, in intel_region_ttm_device_init()
37 drm->vma_offset_manager, false, false); in intel_region_ttm_device_init()
41 * intel_region_ttm_device_fini - Finalize a TTM device
46 ttm_device_fini(&dev_priv->bdev); in intel_region_ttm_device_fini()
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/remoteproc/
H A Dti,k3-dsp-rproc.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/remoteproc/ti,k3-dsp-rproc.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Suman Anna <s-anna@ti.com>
13 The TI K3 family of SoCs usually have one or more TI DSP Core sub-systems
14 that are used to offload some of the processor-intensive tasks or algorithms,
17 These processor sub-systems usually contain additional sub-modules like
18 L1 and/or L2 caches/SRAMs, an Interrupt Controller, an external memory
23 Each DSP Core sub-system is represented as a single DT node. Each node has a
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/pmem/
H A Dpmem-region.txt1 Device-tree bindings for persistent memory regions
2 -----------------------------------------------------
4 Persistent memory refers to a class of memory devices that are:
6 a) Usable as main system memory (i.e. cacheable), and
9 Given b) it is best to think of persistent memory as a kind of memory mapped
11 persistent regions separately to the normal memory pool. To aid with that this
13 memory regions exist inside the physical address space.
15 Bindings for the region nodes:
16 -----------------------------
19 - compatible = "pmem-region"
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/arm/mediatek/
H A Dmediatek,mt7622-wed.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0 OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/arm/mediatek/mediatek,mt7622-wed.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Lorenzo Bianconi <lorenzo@kernel.org>
11 - Felix Fietkau <nbd@nbd.name>
21 - enum:
22 - mediatek,mt7622-wed
23 - mediatek,mt7981-wed
24 - mediatek,mt7986-wed
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/linux/Documentation/ABI/testing/
H A Dsysfs-bus-cxl4 Contact: linux-cxl@vger.kernel.org
14 Contact: linux-cxl@vger.kernel.org
17 Memory Device Output Payload in the CXL-2.0
24 Contact: linux-cxl@vger.kernel.org
27 identically named field in the Identify Memory Device Output
28 Payload in the CXL-2.0 specification.
34 Contact: linux-cxl@vger.kernel.org
40 class-ids can be compared against a similar "qos_class"
42 that the endpoints map their local memory-class to a
45 side-effects that may result. First class-id is displayed.
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/linux/arch/x86/mm/
H A Dkaslr.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * This file implements KASLR memory randomization for x86_64. It randomizes
4 * the virtual address space of kernel memory regions (physical memory
11 * The physical memory mapping code was adapted to support P4D/PUD level
13 * 30,000 possible virtual addresses in average for each memory region.
14 * An additional low memory page is used to ensure each CPU can start with
17 * The order of each memory region is not changed. The feature looks at
20 * physical memory mapping is the available physical memory.
44 * Memory regions randomized by KASLR (except modules that use a separate logic
65 /* The end of the possible address space for physical memory */
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/linux/include/asm-generic/
H A Dsections.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
12 * _text, _data: architecture specific, don't use them in arch-independent code
50 /* Start and end of .ctors section - used for constructor calls. */
53 /* Start and end of .opd section - used for function descriptors. */
81 * memory_contains - checks if an object is contained within a memory region
82 * @begin: virtual address of the beginning of the memory region
83 * @end: virtual address of the end of the memory region
84 * @virt: virtual address of the memory object
85 * @size: size of the memory object
88 * contained within the memory region defined by @begin and @end, false
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/linux/samples/nitro_enclaves/
H A Dne_ioctl_sample.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Copyright 2020-2021 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
11 * -----
19 * https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html#cpu-lists
26 * echo <cpu-list> > /sys/module/nitro_enclaves/parameters/ne_cpus
43 * Setup hugetlbfs huge pages. The memory needs to be from the same NUMA node as
46 * https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/mm/hugetlbpage.html
52 * /sys/devices/system/node/node<X>/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
53 * /sys/devices/system/node/node<X>/hugepages/hugepages-1048576kB/nr_hugepages
58 * /sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-2048kB/nr_hugepages
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