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/linux/drivers/acpi/acpica/
H A Dexprep.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause OR GPL-2.0
4 * Module Name: exprep - ACPI AML field prep utilities
6 * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2023, Intel Corp.
35 * PARAMETERS: field_bit_offset - Start of field within parent region/buffer
36 * field_bit_length - Length of field in bits
37 * region_length - Length of parent in bytes
39 * RETURN: Field granularity (8, 16, 32 or 64) and
42 * DESCRIPTION: Generate an optimal access width for fields defined with the
46 * conditions (end-of-region). However, the region_length is a deferred
48 * of this access width must be deferred until the region length has
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H A Drsaddr.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause OR GPL-2.0
4 * Module Name: rsaddr - Address resource descriptors (16/32/64)
17 * acpi_rs_convert_address16 - All WORD (16-bit) address resources
29 /* Resource Type, General Flags, and Type-Specific Flags */
35 * Address Granularity
41 {ACPI_RSC_MOVE16, ACPI_RS_OFFSET(data.address16.address.granularity),
42 AML_OFFSET(address16.granularity),
54 * acpi_rs_convert_address32 - All DWORD (32-bit) address resources
67 /* Resource Type, General Flags, and Type-Specific Flags */
73 * Address Granularity
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H A Drsdumpinfo.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause OR GPL-2.0
4 * Module Name: rsdumpinfo - Tables used to display resource descriptors.
59 "Start-Dependent-Functions", NULL},
70 "End-Dependent-Functions", NULL}
107 "24-Bit Memory Range", NULL},
122 "32-Bit Memory Range", NULL},
137 "32-Bit Fixed Memory Range", NULL},
148 "16-Bit WORD Address Space", NULL},
150 {ACPI_RSD_UINT16, ACPI_RSD_OFFSET(address16.address.granularity),
151 "Granularity", NULL},
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H A Dhwvalid.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause OR GPL-2.0
4 * Module Name: hwvalid - I/O request validation
6 * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2023, Intel Corp.
24 * The table is used to implement the Microsoft port access rules that
37 * RTC: Real-time clock
109 last_address = address + byte_width - 1; in acpi_hw_validate_io_request()
116 /* Maximum 16-bit address in I/O space */ in acpi_hw_validate_io_request()
127 if (address > acpi_protected_ports[ACPI_PORT_INFO_ENTRIES - 1].end) { in acpi_hw_validate_io_request()
143 if ((address <= port_info->end) in acpi_hw_validate_io_request()
144 && (last_address >= port_info->start)) { in acpi_hw_validate_io_request()
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/linux/drivers/gpu/drm/i915/
H A DKconfig.profile16 int "Timeout for unsignaled foreign fences (ms, jiffy granularity)"
33 their next access. The revocation and subsequent recreation of
35 that complements the runtime-pm autosuspend and provides a lower
46 check the health of the GPU and undertake regular house-keeping of
56 int "Preempt timeout (ms, jiffy granularity)"
74 int "Preempt timeout for compute engines (ms, jiffy granularity)"
98 take a non-negligible time to setup, we do a short spin first to
124 int "Scheduling quantum for userspace batches (ms, jiffy granularity)"
/linux/Documentation/ABI/testing/
H A Dsysfs-memory-page-offline6 Soft-offline the memory page containing the physical address
9 to soft-offline it, by moving the contents elsewhere or
13 The offlining is done in kernel specific granularity.
28 Hard-offline the memory page containing the physical
31 kernel will then attempt to hard-offline the page, by
35 to access this page assuming it's poisoned by the
38 The offlining is done in kernel specific granularity.
/linux/sound/pci/pcxhr/
H A Dpcxhr.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
25 /* transfer granularity of pipes and the dsp time (MBOX4) */
27 /* TODO : granularity could be 64 or 128 */
28 #define PCXHR_GRANULARITY_HR22 192 /* granularity for stereo cards */
59 int granularity; member
61 /* card access with 1 mem bar and 2 io bar's */
H A Dpcxhr_core.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
50 /* access to the card */
59 #define PCXHR_INPB(mgr,x) inb((mgr)->port[PCXHR_REG_TO_PORT(x)] + (x))
60 #define PCXHR_INPL(mgr,x) inl((mgr)->port[PCXHR_REG_TO_PORT(x)] + (x))
61 #define PCXHR_OUTPB(mgr,x,data) outb((data), (mgr)->port[PCXHR_REG_TO_PORT(x)] + (x))
62 #define PCXHR_OUTPL(mgr,x,data) outl((data), (mgr)->port[PCXHR_REG_TO_PORT(x)] + (x))
63 /* attention : access the PCXHR_DSP_* registers with inb and outb only ! */
105 * pcxhr_check_reg_bit - wait for the specified bit is set/reset on a register
109 * @time: time-out of loop in msec
123 dev_dbg(&mgr->pci->dev, in pcxhr_check_reg_bit()
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/linux/drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdkfd/
H A Dkfd_svm.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR MIT */
3 * Copyright 2020-2021 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
40 ((adev)->hive ? (void *)(adev)->hive : (void *)(adev))
69 * struct svm_range - shared virtual memory range
76 * aligned, page size is (last - start + 1)
95 * @granularity:migration granularity, log2 num pages
102 * @bitmap_access: index bitmap of GPUs which can access the range
103 * @bitmap_aip: index bitmap of GPUs which can access the range in place
130 uint8_t granularity; member
145 mutex_lock(&prange->lock); in svm_range_lock()
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H A Dkfd_svm.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 OR MIT
3 * Copyright 2020-2021 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
84 * svm_range_unlink - unlink svm_range from lists and interval tree
90 * Context: The caller must hold svms->lock
94 pr_debug("svms 0x%p prange 0x%p [0x%lx 0x%lx]\n", prange->svms, in svm_range_unlink()
95 prange, prange->start, prange->last); in svm_range_unlink()
97 if (prange->svm_bo) { in svm_range_unlink()
98 spin_lock(&prange->svm_bo->list_lock); in svm_range_unlink()
99 list_del(&prange->svm_bo_list); in svm_range_unlink()
100 spin_unlock(&prange->svm_bo->list_lock); in svm_range_unlink()
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/linux/arch/riscv/kernel/
H A Dunaligned_access_speed.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
17 #include "copy-unaligned.h"
22 #define MISALIGNED_COPY_SIZE ((MISALIGNED_BUFFER_SIZE / 2) - 0x80)
50 word_cycles = -1ULL; in check_unaligned_access()
70 if ((end_cycles - start_cycles) < word_cycles) in check_unaligned_access()
71 word_cycles = end_cycles - start_cycles; in check_unaligned_access()
74 byte_cycles = -1ULL; in check_unaligned_access()
86 if ((end_cycles - start_cycles) < byte_cycles) in check_unaligned_access()
87 byte_cycles = end_cycles - start_cycles; in check_unaligned_access()
94 pr_warn("cpu%d: rdtime lacks granularity needed to measure unaligned access speed\n", in check_unaligned_access()
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/linux/Documentation/mm/damon/
H A Dfaq.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
12 constructions and actual access checks can be implemented and configured on the
14 space with any access check technique.
21 Can I simply monitor page granularity?
/linux/Documentation/admin-guide/mm/damon/
H A Dlru_sort.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 DAMON-based LRU-lists Sorting
7 DAMON-based LRU-lists Sorting (DAMON_LRU_SORT) is a static kernel module that
8 aimed to be used for proactive and lightweight data access pattern based
9 (de)prioritization of pages on their LRU-lists for making LRU-lists a more
10 trusworthy data access pattern source.
12 Where Proactive LRU-lists Sorting is Required?
15 As page-granularity access checking overhead could be significant on huge
19 perfectly prepared to be used as a trustworthy access pattern source for some
23 Because DAMON can identify access patterns of best-effort accuracy while
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/linux/sound/pci/lola/
H A Dlola.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
3 * Support for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
11 #include <linux/dma-mapping.h>
34 /* Lola-specific options */
36 /* for instance use always max granularity which is compatible
39 static int granularity[SNDRV_CARDS] = { variable
40 [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1)] = LOLA_GRANULARITY_MAX
45 [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS - 1) ] = 16000
48 module_param_array(granularity, int, NULL, 0444);
49 MODULE_PARM_DESC(granularity, "Granularity value");
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/linux/drivers/gpu/drm/xe/
H A Dxe_ttm_stolen_mgr.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
3 * Copyright © 2021-2023 Intel Corporation
4 * Copyright (C) 2021-2002 Red Hat
47 * xe_ttm_stolen_cpu_access_needs_ggtt() - If we can't directly CPU access
51 * Some older integrated platforms don't support reliable CPU access for stolen,
53 * CPU access. Check if that's the case for this device.
70 val--; in get_wopcm_size()
87 struct pci_dev *pdev = to_pci_dev(xe->drm.dev); in detect_bar2_dgfx()
92 tile_offset = tile->mem.vram.io_start - xe->mem.vram.io_start; in detect_bar2_dgfx()
93 tile_size = tile->mem.vram.actual_physical_size; in detect_bar2_dgfx()
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H A Dxe_gt_pagefault.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
55 u8 granularity; member
69 return BIT(tile->id) & vma->tile_present && in vma_is_valid()
70 !(BIT(tile->id) & vma->tile_invalidated); in vma_is_valid()
75 if (page_addr > xe_vma_end(vma) - 1 || in vma_matches()
76 page_addr + SZ_4K - 1 < xe_vma_start(vma)) in vma_matches()
86 if (vm->usm.last_fault_vma) { /* Fast lookup */ in lookup_vma()
87 if (vma_matches(vm->usm.last_fault_vma, page_addr)) in lookup_vma()
88 vma = vm->usm.last_fault_vma; in lookup_vma()
107 if (atomic && IS_DGFX(vm->xe)) { in xe_pf_begin()
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/linux/Documentation/mm/
H A Dprocess_addrs.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
16 object. Userland access outside of VMAs is invalid except in the case where an
31 -------
33 -------
43 -----------
45 * **mmap locks** - Each MM has a read/write semaphore :c:member:`!mmap_lock`
46 which locks at a process address space granularity which can be acquired via
48 * **VMA locks** - The VMA lock is at VMA granularity (of course) which behaves
54 * **rmap locks** - When trying to access VMAs through the reverse mapping via a
56 (reachable from a folio via :c:member:`!folio->mapping`). VMAs must be stabilised via
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H A Dmemory-model.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
23 Regardless of the selected memory model, there exists one-to-one
35 non-NUMA systems with contiguous, or mostly contiguous, physical
54 straightforward: `PFN - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET` is an index to the
65 as hot-plug and hot-remove of the physical memory, alternative memory
66 maps for non-volatile memory devices and deferred initialization of
85 NR\_MEM\_SECTIONS = 2 ^ {(MAX\_PHYSMEM\_BITS - SECTION\_SIZE\_BITS)}
87 The `mem_section` objects are arranged in a two-dimensional array
104 corresponding `struct page` - a "classic sparse" and "sparse
108 The classic sparse encodes the section number of a page in page->flags
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/linux/Documentation/filesystems/
H A Dnetfs_library.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
9 - Overview.
10 - Per-inode context.
11 - Inode context helper functions.
12 - Buffered read helpers.
13 - Read helper functions.
14 - Read helper structures.
15 - Read helper operations.
16 - Read helper procedure.
17 - Read helper cache API.
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/linux/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/memory-controllers/
H A Dti,gpmc-child.yaml1 # SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)
3 ---
4 $id: http://devicetree.org/schemas/memory-controllers/ti,gpmc-child.yaml#
5 $schema: http://devicetree.org/meta-schemas/core.yaml#
10 - Tony Lindgren <tony@atomide.com>
11 - Roger Quadros <rogerq@kernel.org>
24 gpmc,sync-clk-ps:
28 # Chip-select signal timings corresponding to GPMC_CONFIG2:
29 gpmc,cs-on-ns:
33 gpmc,cs-rd-off-ns:
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/linux/Documentation/timers/
H A Dhrtimers.rst2 hrtimers - subsystem for high-resolution kernel timers
5 This patch introduces a new subsystem for high-resolution kernel timers.
9 back and forth trying to integrate high-resolution and high-precision
11 such high-resolution timer implementations in practice, we came to the
18 - the forced handling of low-resolution and high-resolution timers in
21 32-bitness assumptions, and has been honed and micro-optimized for a
23 for many years - and thus even small extensions to it easily break
26 current usage - but it is simply not suitable to be extended for
27 high-res timers.
29 - the unpredictable [O(N)] overhead of cascading leads to delays which
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/linux/drivers/nvme/host/
H A Dconstants.c1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
96 [NVME_SC_SGL_INVALID_GRANULARITY] = "SGL Data Block Granularity Invalid",
136 [NVME_SC_SELT_TEST_IN_PROGRESS] = "Device Self-test In Progress",
159 [NVME_SC_GUARD_CHECK] = "End-to-end Guard Check Error",
160 [NVME_SC_APPTAG_CHECK] = "End-to-end Application Tag Check Error",
161 [NVME_SC_REFTAG_CHECK] = "End-to-end Reference Tag Check Error",
163 [NVME_SC_ACCESS_DENIED] = "Access Denied",
166 [NVME_SC_ANA_PERSISTENT_LOSS] = "Asymmetric Access Persistent Loss",
167 [NVME_SC_ANA_INACCESSIBLE] = "Asymmetric Access Inaccessible",
168 [NVME_SC_ANA_TRANSITION] = "Asymmetric Access Transition",
/linux/drivers/gpu/drm/xe/abi/
H A Dguc_klvs_abi.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT */
14 * +---+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
17 * | 0 | 31:16 | **KEY** - KLV key identifier |
18 * | | | - `GuC Self Config KLVs`_ |
19 * | | | - `GuC VGT Policy KLVs`_ |
20 * | | | - `GuC VF Configuration KLVs`_ |
22 * | +-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
23 * | | 15:0 | **LEN** - length of VALUE (in 32bit dwords) |
24 * +---+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
25 * | 1 | 31:0 | **VALUE** - actual value of the KLV (format depends on KEY) |
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/linux/include/sound/
H A Dvx_core.h1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
45 int granularity; /* granularity */ member
59 int hbuf_size; /* H-buffer size in bytes */
75 /* low-level i/o */
122 /* VX-pocket */
149 /* low-level functions */
183 int audio_monitor[4]; /* playback hw-monitor level */
184 unsigned char audio_monitor_active[4]; /* playback hw-monitor mute/unmute */
216 return chip->ops->test_and_ack(chip); in vx_test_and_ack()
221 chip->ops->validate_irq(chip, enable); in vx_validate_irq()
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/linux/Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/
H A Dindex.rst1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
4 KUnit - Linux Kernel Unit Testing
29 if built-in, or load as a module. KUnit automatically flags and reports
31 :doc:`KTAP (Kernel - Test Anything Protocol) format</dev-tools/ktap>`.
42 KUnit follows the white-box testing approach. The test has access to
44 restricted to things exposed to user-space.
53 --------
55 - Provides a framework for writing unit tests.
56 - Runs tests on any kernel architecture.
57 - Runs a test in milliseconds.
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