xref: /linux/include/xen/interface/io/usbif.h (revision 03ab8e6297acd1bc0eedaa050e2a1635c576fd11)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT */
2 
3 /*
4  * usbif.h
5  *
6  * USB I/O interface for Xen guest OSes.
7  *
8  * Copyright (C) 2009, FUJITSU LABORATORIES LTD.
9  * Author: Noboru Iwamatsu <n_iwamatsu@jp.fujitsu.com>
10  */
11 
12 #ifndef __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_USBIF_H__
13 #define __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_USBIF_H__
14 
15 #include "ring.h"
16 #include "../grant_table.h"
17 
18 /*
19  * Detailed Interface Description
20  * ==============================
21  * The pvUSB interface is using a split driver design: a frontend driver in
22  * the guest and a backend driver in a driver domain (normally dom0) having
23  * access to the physical USB device(s) being passed to the guest.
24  *
25  * The frontend and backend drivers use XenStore to initiate the connection
26  * between them, the I/O activity is handled via two shared ring pages and an
27  * event channel. As the interface between frontend and backend is at the USB
28  * host connector level, multiple (up to 31) physical USB devices can be
29  * handled by a single connection.
30  *
31  * The Xen pvUSB device name is "qusb", so the frontend's XenStore entries are
32  * to be found under "device/qusb", while the backend's XenStore entries are
33  * under "backend/<guest-dom-id>/qusb".
34  *
35  * When a new pvUSB connection is established, the frontend needs to setup the
36  * two shared ring pages for communication and the event channel. The ring
37  * pages need to be made available to the backend via the grant table
38  * interface.
39  *
40  * One of the shared ring pages is used by the backend to inform the frontend
41  * about USB device plug events (device to be added or removed). This is the
42  * "conn-ring".
43  *
44  * The other ring page is used for USB I/O communication (requests and
45  * responses). This is the "urb-ring".
46  *
47  * Feature and Parameter Negotiation
48  * =================================
49  * The two halves of a Xen pvUSB driver utilize nodes within the XenStore to
50  * communicate capabilities and to negotiate operating parameters. This
51  * section enumerates these nodes which reside in the respective front and
52  * backend portions of the XenStore, following the XenBus convention.
53  *
54  * Any specified default value is in effect if the corresponding XenBus node
55  * is not present in the XenStore.
56  *
57  * XenStore nodes in sections marked "PRIVATE" are solely for use by the
58  * driver side whose XenBus tree contains them.
59  *
60  *****************************************************************************
61  *                            Backend XenBus Nodes
62  *****************************************************************************
63  *
64  *------------------ Backend Device Identification (PRIVATE) ------------------
65  *
66  * num-ports
67  *      Values:         unsigned [1...31]
68  *
69  *      Number of ports for this (virtual) USB host connector.
70  *
71  * usb-ver
72  *      Values:         unsigned [1...2]
73  *
74  *      USB version of this host connector: 1 = USB 1.1, 2 = USB 2.0.
75  *
76  * port/[1...31]
77  *      Values:         string
78  *
79  *      Physical USB device connected to the given port, e.g. "3-1.5".
80  *
81  *****************************************************************************
82  *                            Frontend XenBus Nodes
83  *****************************************************************************
84  *
85  *----------------------- Request Transport Parameters -----------------------
86  *
87  * event-channel
88  *      Values:         unsigned
89  *
90  *      The identifier of the Xen event channel used to signal activity
91  *      in the ring buffer.
92  *
93  * urb-ring-ref
94  *      Values:         unsigned
95  *
96  *      The Xen grant reference granting permission for the backend to map
97  *      the sole page in a single page sized ring buffer. This is the ring
98  *      buffer for urb requests.
99  *
100  * conn-ring-ref
101  *      Values:         unsigned
102  *
103  *      The Xen grant reference granting permission for the backend to map
104  *      the sole page in a single page sized ring buffer. This is the ring
105  *      buffer for connection/disconnection requests.
106  *
107  * protocol
108  *      Values:         string (XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_*)
109  *      Default Value:  XEN_IO_PROTO_ABI_NATIVE
110  *
111  *      The machine ABI rules governing the format of all ring request and
112  *      response structures.
113  *
114  * Protocol Description
115  * ====================
116  *
117  *-------------------------- USB device plug events --------------------------
118  *
119  * USB device plug events are send via the "conn-ring" shared page. As only
120  * events are being sent, the respective requests from the frontend to the
121  * backend are just dummy ones.
122  * The events sent to the frontend have the following layout:
123  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
124  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
125  * |               id                |    portnum     |     speed      | 4
126  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
127  *   id - uint16_t, event id (taken from the actual frontend dummy request)
128  *   portnum - uint8_t, port number (1 ... 31)
129  *   speed - uint8_t, device XENUSB_SPEED_*, XENUSB_SPEED_NONE == unplug
130  *
131  * The dummy request:
132  *         0                1        octet
133  * +----------------+----------------+
134  * |               id                | 2
135  * +----------------+----------------+
136  *   id - uint16_t, guest supplied value (no need for being unique)
137  *
138  *-------------------------- USB I/O request ---------------------------------
139  *
140  * A single USB I/O request on the "urb-ring" has the following layout:
141  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
142  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
143  * |               id                |         nr_buffer_segs          | 4
144  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
145  * |                               pipe                                | 8
146  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
147  * |         transfer_flags          |          buffer_length          | 12
148  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
149  * |                       request type specific                       | 16
150  * |                               data                                | 20
151  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
152  * |                              seg[0]                               | 24
153  * |                               data                                | 28
154  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
155  * |/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/|
156  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
157  * |             seg[XENUSB_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST - 1]              | 144
158  * |                               data                                | 148
159  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
160  * Bit field bit number 0 is always least significant bit, undefined bits must
161  * be zero.
162  *   id - uint16_t, guest supplied value
163  *   nr_buffer_segs - uint16_t, number of segment entries in seg[] array
164  *   pipe - uint32_t, bit field with multiple information:
165  *     bits 0-4: port request to send to
166  *     bit 5: unlink request with specified id (cancel I/O) if set (see below)
167  *     bit 7: direction (1 = read from device)
168  *     bits 8-14: device number on port
169  *     bits 15-18: endpoint of device
170  *     bits 30-31: request type: 00 = isochronous, 01 = interrupt,
171  *                               10 = control, 11 = bulk
172  *   transfer_flags - uint16_t, bit field with processing flags:
173  *     bit 0: less data than specified allowed
174  *   buffer_length - uint16_t, total length of data
175  *   request type specific data - 8 bytes, see below
176  *   seg[] - array with 8 byte elements, see below
177  *
178  * Request type specific data for isochronous request:
179  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
180  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
181  * |            interval             |           start_frame           | 4
182  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
183  * |       number_of_packets         |       nr_frame_desc_segs        | 8
184  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
185  *   interval - uint16_t, time interval in msecs between frames
186  *   start_frame - uint16_t, start frame number
187  *   number_of_packets - uint16_t, number of packets to transfer
188  *   nr_frame_desc_segs - uint16_t number of seg[] frame descriptors elements
189  *
190  * Request type specific data for interrupt request:
191  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
192  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
193  * |            interval             |                0                | 4
194  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
195  * |                                 0                                 | 8
196  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
197  *   interval - uint16_t, time in msecs until interruption
198  *
199  * Request type specific data for control request:
200  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
201  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
202  * |                      data of setup packet                         | 4
203  * |                                                                   | 8
204  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
205  *
206  * Request type specific data for bulk request:
207  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
208  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
209  * |                                 0                                 | 4
210  * |                                 0                                 | 8
211  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
212  *
213  * Request type specific data for unlink request:
214  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
215  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
216  * |           unlink_id             |                0                | 4
217  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
218  * |                                 0                                 | 8
219  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
220  *   unlink_id - uint16_t, request id of request to terminate
221  *
222  * seg[] array element layout:
223  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
224  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
225  * |                               gref                                | 4
226  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
227  * |             offset              |             length              | 8
228  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
229  *   gref - uint32_t, grant reference of buffer page
230  *   offset - uint16_t, offset of buffer start in page
231  *   length - uint16_t, length of buffer in page
232  *
233  *-------------------------- USB I/O response --------------------------------
234  *
235  *         0                1                 2               3        octet
236  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
237  * |               id                |          start_frame            | 4
238  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
239  * |                              status                               | 8
240  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
241  * |                          actual_length                            | 12
242  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
243  * |                           error_count                             | 16
244  * +----------------+----------------+----------------+----------------+
245  *   id - uint16_t, id of the request this response belongs to
246  *   start_frame - uint16_t, start_frame this response (iso requests only)
247  *   status - int32_t, XENUSB_STATUS_* (non-iso requests)
248  *   actual_length - uint32_t, actual size of data transferred
249  *   error_count - uint32_t, number of errors (iso requests)
250  */
251 
252 enum xenusb_spec_version {
253 	XENUSB_VER_UNKNOWN = 0,
254 	XENUSB_VER_USB11,
255 	XENUSB_VER_USB20,
256 	XENUSB_VER_USB30,	/* not supported yet */
257 };
258 
259 /*
260  *  USB pipe in xenusb_request
261  *
262  *  - port number:      bits 0-4
263  *                              (USB_MAXCHILDREN is 31)
264  *
265  *  - operation flag:   bit 5
266  *                              (0 = submit urb,
267  *                               1 = unlink urb)
268  *
269  *  - direction:        bit 7
270  *                              (0 = Host-to-Device [Out]
271  *                               1 = Device-to-Host [In])
272  *
273  *  - device address:   bits 8-14
274  *
275  *  - endpoint:         bits 15-18
276  *
277  *  - pipe type:        bits 30-31
278  *                              (00 = isochronous, 01 = interrupt,
279  *                               10 = control, 11 = bulk)
280  */
281 
282 #define XENUSB_PIPE_PORT_MASK	0x0000001f
283 #define XENUSB_PIPE_UNLINK	0x00000020
284 #define XENUSB_PIPE_DIR		0x00000080
285 #define XENUSB_PIPE_DEV_MASK	0x0000007f
286 #define XENUSB_PIPE_DEV_SHIFT	8
287 #define XENUSB_PIPE_EP_MASK	0x0000000f
288 #define XENUSB_PIPE_EP_SHIFT	15
289 #define XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_MASK	0x00000003
290 #define XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_SHIFT	30
291 #define XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_ISOC	0
292 #define XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_INT	1
293 #define XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_CTRL	2
294 #define XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_BULK	3
295 
296 #define xenusb_pipeportnum(pipe)		((pipe) & XENUSB_PIPE_PORT_MASK)
297 #define xenusb_setportnum_pipe(pipe, portnum)	((pipe) | (portnum))
298 
299 #define xenusb_pipeunlink(pipe)			((pipe) & XENUSB_PIPE_UNLINK)
300 #define xenusb_pipesubmit(pipe)			(!xenusb_pipeunlink(pipe))
301 #define xenusb_setunlink_pipe(pipe)		((pipe) | XENUSB_PIPE_UNLINK)
302 
303 #define xenusb_pipein(pipe)			((pipe) & XENUSB_PIPE_DIR)
304 #define xenusb_pipeout(pipe)			(!xenusb_pipein(pipe))
305 
306 #define xenusb_pipedevice(pipe)			\
307 	(((pipe) >> XENUSB_PIPE_DEV_SHIFT) & XENUSB_PIPE_DEV_MASK)
308 
309 #define xenusb_pipeendpoint(pipe)		\
310 	(((pipe) >> XENUSB_PIPE_EP_SHIFT) & XENUSB_PIPE_EP_MASK)
311 
312 #define xenusb_pipetype(pipe)			\
313 	(((pipe) >> XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_SHIFT) & XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_MASK)
314 #define xenusb_pipeisoc(pipe)	(xenusb_pipetype(pipe) == XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_ISOC)
315 #define xenusb_pipeint(pipe)	(xenusb_pipetype(pipe) == XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_INT)
316 #define xenusb_pipectrl(pipe)	(xenusb_pipetype(pipe) == XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_CTRL)
317 #define xenusb_pipebulk(pipe)	(xenusb_pipetype(pipe) == XENUSB_PIPE_TYPE_BULK)
318 
319 #define XENUSB_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST (16)
320 #define XENUSB_MAX_PORTNR		31
321 #define XENUSB_RING_SIZE		4096
322 
323 /*
324  * RING for transferring urbs.
325  */
326 struct xenusb_request_segment {
327 	grant_ref_t gref;
328 	uint16_t offset;
329 	uint16_t length;
330 };
331 
332 struct xenusb_urb_request {
333 	uint16_t id;			/* request id */
334 	uint16_t nr_buffer_segs;	/* number of urb->transfer_buffer segments */
335 
336 	/* basic urb parameter */
337 	uint32_t pipe;
338 	uint16_t transfer_flags;
339 #define XENUSB_SHORT_NOT_OK	0x0001
340 	uint16_t buffer_length;
341 	union {
342 		uint8_t ctrl[8];	/* setup_packet (Ctrl) */
343 
344 		struct {
345 			uint16_t interval;	/* maximum (1024*8) in usb core */
346 			uint16_t start_frame;	/* start frame */
347 			uint16_t number_of_packets;	/* number of ISO packet */
348 			uint16_t nr_frame_desc_segs;	/* number of iso_frame_desc segments */
349 		} isoc;
350 
351 		struct {
352 			uint16_t interval;	/* maximum (1024*8) in usb core */
353 			uint16_t pad[3];
354 		} intr;
355 
356 		struct {
357 			uint16_t unlink_id;	/* unlink request id */
358 			uint16_t pad[3];
359 		} unlink;
360 
361 	} u;
362 
363 	/* urb data segments */
364 	struct xenusb_request_segment seg[XENUSB_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST];
365 };
366 
367 struct xenusb_urb_response {
368 	uint16_t id;		/* request id */
369 	uint16_t start_frame;	/* start frame (ISO) */
370 	int32_t status;		/* status (non-ISO) */
371 #define XENUSB_STATUS_OK	0
372 #define XENUSB_STATUS_NODEV	(-19)
373 #define XENUSB_STATUS_INVAL	(-22)
374 #define XENUSB_STATUS_STALL	(-32)
375 #define XENUSB_STATUS_IOERROR	(-71)
376 #define XENUSB_STATUS_BABBLE	(-75)
377 #define XENUSB_STATUS_SHUTDOWN	(-108)
378 	int32_t actual_length;	/* actual transfer length */
379 	int32_t error_count;	/* number of ISO errors */
380 };
381 
382 DEFINE_RING_TYPES(xenusb_urb, struct xenusb_urb_request, struct xenusb_urb_response);
383 #define XENUSB_URB_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xenusb_urb, XENUSB_RING_SIZE)
384 
385 /*
386  * RING for notifying connect/disconnect events to frontend
387  */
388 struct xenusb_conn_request {
389 	uint16_t id;
390 };
391 
392 struct xenusb_conn_response {
393 	uint16_t id;		/* request id */
394 	uint8_t portnum;	/* port number */
395 	uint8_t speed;		/* usb_device_speed */
396 #define XENUSB_SPEED_NONE	0
397 #define XENUSB_SPEED_LOW	1
398 #define XENUSB_SPEED_FULL	2
399 #define XENUSB_SPEED_HIGH	3
400 };
401 
402 DEFINE_RING_TYPES(xenusb_conn, struct xenusb_conn_request, struct xenusb_conn_response);
403 #define XENUSB_CONN_RING_SIZE __CONST_RING_SIZE(xenusb_conn, XENUSB_RING_SIZE)
404 
405 #endif /* __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_USBIF_H__ */
406