xref: /linux/include/linux/rwsem.h (revision e991acf1bce7a428794514cbbe216973c9c0a3c8)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 /* rwsem.h: R/W semaphores, public interface
3  *
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com).
5  * Derived from asm-i386/semaphore.h
6  */
7 
8 #ifndef _LINUX_RWSEM_H
9 #define _LINUX_RWSEM_H
10 
11 #include <linux/linkage.h>
12 
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/list.h>
15 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
16 #include <linux/atomic.h>
17 #include <linux/err.h>
18 #include <linux/cleanup.h>
19 
20 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
21 # define __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(lockname)			\
22 	.dep_map = {					\
23 		.name = #lockname,			\
24 		.wait_type_inner = LD_WAIT_SLEEP,	\
25 	},
26 #else
27 # define __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(lockname)
28 #endif
29 
30 #ifndef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
31 
32 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
33 #include <linux/osq_lock.h>
34 #endif
35 
36 /*
37  * For an uncontended rwsem, count and owner are the only fields a task
38  * needs to touch when acquiring the rwsem. So they are put next to each
39  * other to increase the chance that they will share the same cacheline.
40  *
41  * In a contended rwsem, the owner is likely the most frequently accessed
42  * field in the structure as the optimistic waiter that holds the osq lock
43  * will spin on owner. For an embedded rwsem, other hot fields in the
44  * containing structure should be moved further away from the rwsem to
45  * reduce the chance that they will share the same cacheline causing
46  * cacheline bouncing problem.
47  */
48 struct rw_semaphore {
49 	atomic_long_t count;
50 	/*
51 	 * Write owner or one of the read owners as well flags regarding
52 	 * the current state of the rwsem. Can be used as a speculative
53 	 * check to see if the write owner is running on the cpu.
54 	 */
55 	atomic_long_t owner;
56 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
57 	struct optimistic_spin_queue osq; /* spinner MCS lock */
58 #endif
59 	raw_spinlock_t wait_lock;
60 	struct list_head wait_list;
61 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS
62 	void *magic;
63 #endif
64 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
65 	struct lockdep_map	dep_map;
66 #endif
67 };
68 
69 #define RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE		0UL
70 #define RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED		(1UL << 0)
71 #define __RWSEM_COUNT_INIT(name)	.count = ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE)
72 
rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore * sem)73 static inline int rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
74 {
75 	return atomic_long_read(&sem->count) != RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE;
76 }
77 
rwsem_assert_held_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)78 static inline void rwsem_assert_held_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
79 {
80 	WARN_ON(atomic_long_read(&sem->count) == RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE);
81 }
82 
rwsem_assert_held_write_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)83 static inline void rwsem_assert_held_write_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
84 {
85 	WARN_ON(!(atomic_long_read(&sem->count) & RWSEM_WRITER_LOCKED));
86 }
87 
88 /* Common initializer macros and functions */
89 
90 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS
91 # define __RWSEM_DEBUG_INIT(lockname) .magic = &lockname,
92 #else
93 # define __RWSEM_DEBUG_INIT(lockname)
94 #endif
95 
96 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
97 #define __RWSEM_OPT_INIT(lockname) .osq = OSQ_LOCK_UNLOCKED,
98 #else
99 #define __RWSEM_OPT_INIT(lockname)
100 #endif
101 
102 #define __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)				\
103 	{ __RWSEM_COUNT_INIT(name),				\
104 	  .owner = ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(0),				\
105 	  __RWSEM_OPT_INIT(name)				\
106 	  .wait_lock = __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(name.wait_lock),\
107 	  .wait_list = LIST_HEAD_INIT((name).wait_list),	\
108 	  __RWSEM_DEBUG_INIT(name)				\
109 	  __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(name) }
110 
111 #define DECLARE_RWSEM(name) \
112 	struct rw_semaphore name = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)
113 
114 extern void __init_rwsem(struct rw_semaphore *sem, const char *name,
115 			 struct lock_class_key *key);
116 
117 #define init_rwsem(sem)						\
118 do {								\
119 	static struct lock_class_key __key;			\
120 								\
121 	__init_rwsem((sem), #sem, &__key);			\
122 } while (0)
123 
124 /*
125  * This is the same regardless of which rwsem implementation that is being used.
126  * It is just a heuristic meant to be called by somebody already holding the
127  * rwsem to see if somebody from an incompatible type is wanting access to the
128  * lock.
129  */
rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore * sem)130 static inline int rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
131 {
132 	return !list_empty(&sem->wait_list);
133 }
134 
135 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS) || defined(CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK_BLOCKER)
136 /*
137  * Return just the real task structure pointer of the owner
138  */
139 extern struct task_struct *rwsem_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
140 
141 /*
142  * Return true if the rwsem is owned by a reader.
143  */
144 extern bool is_rwsem_reader_owned(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
145 #endif
146 
147 #else /* !CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT */
148 
149 #include <linux/rwbase_rt.h>
150 
151 struct rw_semaphore {
152 	struct rwbase_rt	rwbase;
153 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
154 	struct lockdep_map	dep_map;
155 #endif
156 };
157 
158 #define __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)				\
159 	{							\
160 		.rwbase = __RWBASE_INITIALIZER(name),		\
161 		__RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(name)			\
162 	}
163 
164 #define DECLARE_RWSEM(lockname) \
165 	struct rw_semaphore lockname = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(lockname)
166 
167 extern void  __init_rwsem(struct rw_semaphore *rwsem, const char *name,
168 			  struct lock_class_key *key);
169 
170 #define init_rwsem(sem)						\
171 do {								\
172 	static struct lock_class_key __key;			\
173 								\
174 	__init_rwsem((sem), #sem, &__key);			\
175 } while (0)
176 
rwsem_is_locked(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)177 static __always_inline int rwsem_is_locked(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
178 {
179 	return rw_base_is_locked(&sem->rwbase);
180 }
181 
rwsem_assert_held_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)182 static __always_inline void rwsem_assert_held_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
183 {
184 	WARN_ON(!rwsem_is_locked(sem));
185 }
186 
rwsem_assert_held_write_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)187 static __always_inline void rwsem_assert_held_write_nolockdep(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
188 {
189 	WARN_ON(!rw_base_is_write_locked(&sem->rwbase));
190 }
191 
rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore * sem)192 static __always_inline int rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
193 {
194 	return rw_base_is_contended(&sem->rwbase);
195 }
196 
197 #endif /* CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT */
198 
199 /*
200  * The functions below are the same for all rwsem implementations including
201  * the RT specific variant.
202  */
203 
rwsem_assert_held(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)204 static inline void rwsem_assert_held(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
205 {
206 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LOCKDEP))
207 		lockdep_assert_held(sem);
208 	else
209 		rwsem_assert_held_nolockdep(sem);
210 }
211 
rwsem_assert_held_write(const struct rw_semaphore * sem)212 static inline void rwsem_assert_held_write(const struct rw_semaphore *sem)
213 {
214 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_LOCKDEP))
215 		lockdep_assert_held_write(sem);
216 	else
217 		rwsem_assert_held_write_nolockdep(sem);
218 }
219 
220 /*
221  * lock for reading
222  */
223 extern void down_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
224 extern int __must_check down_read_interruptible(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
225 extern int __must_check down_read_killable(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
226 
227 /*
228  * trylock for reading -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
229  */
230 extern int down_read_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
231 
232 /*
233  * lock for writing
234  */
235 extern void down_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
236 extern int __must_check down_write_killable(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
237 
238 /*
239  * trylock for writing -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
240  */
241 extern int down_write_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
242 
243 /*
244  * release a read lock
245  */
246 extern void up_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
247 
248 /*
249  * release a write lock
250  */
251 extern void up_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
252 
253 DEFINE_GUARD(rwsem_read, struct rw_semaphore *, down_read(_T), up_read(_T))
254 DEFINE_GUARD_COND(rwsem_read, _try, down_read_trylock(_T))
255 DEFINE_GUARD_COND(rwsem_read, _intr, down_read_interruptible(_T), _RET == 0)
256 
257 DEFINE_GUARD(rwsem_write, struct rw_semaphore *, down_write(_T), up_write(_T))
258 DEFINE_GUARD_COND(rwsem_write, _try, down_write_trylock(_T))
259 DEFINE_GUARD_COND(rwsem_write, _kill, down_write_killable(_T), _RET == 0)
260 
261 /*
262  * downgrade write lock to read lock
263  */
264 extern void downgrade_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
265 
266 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
267 /*
268  * nested locking. NOTE: rwsems are not allowed to recurse
269  * (which occurs if the same task tries to acquire the same
270  * lock instance multiple times), but multiple locks of the
271  * same lock class might be taken, if the order of the locks
272  * is always the same. This ordering rule can be expressed
273  * to lockdep via the _nested() APIs, but enumerating the
274  * subclasses that are used. (If the nesting relationship is
275  * static then another method for expressing nested locking is
276  * the explicit definition of lock class keys and the use of
277  * lockdep_set_class() at lock initialization time.
278  * See Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.rst for more details.)
279  */
280 extern void down_read_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
281 extern int __must_check down_read_killable_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
282 extern void down_write_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
283 extern int down_write_killable_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
284 extern void _down_write_nest_lock(struct rw_semaphore *sem, struct lockdep_map *nest_lock);
285 
286 # define down_write_nest_lock(sem, nest_lock)			\
287 do {								\
288 	typecheck(struct lockdep_map *, &(nest_lock)->dep_map);	\
289 	_down_write_nest_lock(sem, &(nest_lock)->dep_map);	\
290 } while (0)
291 
292 /*
293  * Take/release a lock when not the owner will release it.
294  *
295  * [ This API should be avoided as much as possible - the
296  *   proper abstraction for this case is completions. ]
297  */
298 extern void down_read_non_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
299 extern void up_read_non_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
300 #else
301 # define down_read_nested(sem, subclass)		down_read(sem)
302 # define down_read_killable_nested(sem, subclass)	down_read_killable(sem)
303 # define down_write_nest_lock(sem, nest_lock)	down_write(sem)
304 # define down_write_nested(sem, subclass)	down_write(sem)
305 # define down_write_killable_nested(sem, subclass)	down_write_killable(sem)
306 # define down_read_non_owner(sem)		down_read(sem)
307 # define up_read_non_owner(sem)			up_read(sem)
308 #endif
309 
310 #endif /* _LINUX_RWSEM_H */
311