xref: /linux/drivers/net/loopback.c (revision 1a9239bb4253f9076b5b4b2a1a4e8d7defd77a95)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * INET		An implementation of the TCP/IP protocol suite for the LINUX
4  *		operating system.  INET is implemented using the  BSD Socket
5  *		interface as the means of communication with the user level.
6  *
7  *		Pseudo-driver for the loopback interface.
8  *
9  * Version:	@(#)loopback.c	1.0.4b	08/16/93
10  *
11  * Authors:	Ross Biro
12  *		Fred N. van Kempen, <waltje@uWalt.NL.Mugnet.ORG>
13  *		Donald Becker, <becker@scyld.com>
14  *
15  *		Alan Cox	:	Fixed oddments for NET3.014
16  *		Alan Cox	:	Rejig for NET3.029 snap #3
17  *		Alan Cox	:	Fixed NET3.029 bugs and sped up
18  *		Larry McVoy	:	Tiny tweak to double performance
19  *		Alan Cox	:	Backed out LMV's tweak - the linux mm
20  *					can't take it...
21  *              Michael Griffith:       Don't bother computing the checksums
22  *                                      on packets received on the loopback
23  *                                      interface.
24  *		Alexey Kuznetsov:	Potential hang under some extreme
25  *					cases removed.
26  */
27 #include <linux/kernel.h>
28 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
29 #include <linux/module.h>
30 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
31 #include <linux/fs.h>
32 #include <linux/types.h>
33 #include <linux/string.h>
34 #include <linux/socket.h>
35 #include <linux/errno.h>
36 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
37 #include <linux/in.h>
38 
39 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
40 #include <linux/io.h>
41 
42 #include <linux/inet.h>
43 #include <linux/netdevice.h>
44 #include <linux/etherdevice.h>
45 #include <linux/skbuff.h>
46 #include <linux/ethtool.h>
47 #include <net/sch_generic.h>
48 #include <net/sock.h>
49 #include <net/checksum.h>
50 #include <linux/if_ether.h>	/* For the statistics structure. */
51 #include <linux/if_arp.h>	/* For ARPHRD_ETHER */
52 #include <linux/ip.h>
53 #include <linux/tcp.h>
54 #include <linux/percpu.h>
55 #include <linux/net_tstamp.h>
56 #include <net/net_namespace.h>
57 #include <net/netdev_lock.h>
58 #include <linux/u64_stats_sync.h>
59 
60 /* blackhole_netdev - a device used for dsts that are marked expired!
61  * This is global device (instead of per-net-ns) since it's not needed
62  * to be per-ns and gets initialized at boot time.
63  */
64 struct net_device *blackhole_netdev;
65 EXPORT_SYMBOL(blackhole_netdev);
66 
67 /* The higher levels take care of making this non-reentrant (it's
68  * called with bh's disabled).
69  */
loopback_xmit(struct sk_buff * skb,struct net_device * dev)70 static netdev_tx_t loopback_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb,
71 				 struct net_device *dev)
72 {
73 	int len;
74 
75 	skb_tx_timestamp(skb);
76 
77 	/* do not fool net_timestamp_check() with various clock bases */
78 	skb_clear_tstamp(skb);
79 
80 	skb_orphan(skb);
81 
82 	/* Before queueing this packet to __netif_rx(),
83 	 * make sure dst is refcounted.
84 	 */
85 	skb_dst_force(skb);
86 
87 	skb->protocol = eth_type_trans(skb, dev);
88 
89 	len = skb->len;
90 	if (likely(__netif_rx(skb) == NET_RX_SUCCESS))
91 		dev_lstats_add(dev, len);
92 
93 	return NETDEV_TX_OK;
94 }
95 
dev_lstats_read(struct net_device * dev,u64 * packets,u64 * bytes)96 void dev_lstats_read(struct net_device *dev, u64 *packets, u64 *bytes)
97 {
98 	int i;
99 
100 	*packets = 0;
101 	*bytes = 0;
102 
103 	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
104 		const struct pcpu_lstats *lb_stats;
105 		u64 tbytes, tpackets;
106 		unsigned int start;
107 
108 		lb_stats = per_cpu_ptr(dev->lstats, i);
109 		do {
110 			start = u64_stats_fetch_begin(&lb_stats->syncp);
111 			tpackets = u64_stats_read(&lb_stats->packets);
112 			tbytes = u64_stats_read(&lb_stats->bytes);
113 		} while (u64_stats_fetch_retry(&lb_stats->syncp, start));
114 		*bytes   += tbytes;
115 		*packets += tpackets;
116 	}
117 }
118 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dev_lstats_read);
119 
loopback_get_stats64(struct net_device * dev,struct rtnl_link_stats64 * stats)120 static void loopback_get_stats64(struct net_device *dev,
121 				 struct rtnl_link_stats64 *stats)
122 {
123 	u64 packets, bytes;
124 
125 	dev_lstats_read(dev, &packets, &bytes);
126 
127 	stats->rx_packets = packets;
128 	stats->tx_packets = packets;
129 	stats->rx_bytes   = bytes;
130 	stats->tx_bytes   = bytes;
131 }
132 
always_on(struct net_device * dev)133 static u32 always_on(struct net_device *dev)
134 {
135 	return 1;
136 }
137 
138 static const struct ethtool_ops loopback_ethtool_ops = {
139 	.get_link		= always_on,
140 	.get_ts_info		= ethtool_op_get_ts_info,
141 };
142 
loopback_dev_init(struct net_device * dev)143 static int loopback_dev_init(struct net_device *dev)
144 {
145 	netdev_lockdep_set_classes(dev);
146 	return 0;
147 }
148 
loopback_dev_free(struct net_device * dev)149 static void loopback_dev_free(struct net_device *dev)
150 {
151 	dev_net(dev)->loopback_dev = NULL;
152 }
153 
154 static const struct net_device_ops loopback_ops = {
155 	.ndo_init        = loopback_dev_init,
156 	.ndo_start_xmit  = loopback_xmit,
157 	.ndo_get_stats64 = loopback_get_stats64,
158 	.ndo_set_mac_address = eth_mac_addr,
159 };
160 
gen_lo_setup(struct net_device * dev,unsigned int mtu,const struct ethtool_ops * eth_ops,const struct header_ops * hdr_ops,const struct net_device_ops * dev_ops,void (* dev_destructor)(struct net_device * dev))161 static void gen_lo_setup(struct net_device *dev,
162 			 unsigned int mtu,
163 			 const struct ethtool_ops *eth_ops,
164 			 const struct header_ops *hdr_ops,
165 			 const struct net_device_ops *dev_ops,
166 			 void (*dev_destructor)(struct net_device *dev))
167 {
168 	dev->mtu		= mtu;
169 	dev->hard_header_len	= ETH_HLEN;	/* 14	*/
170 	dev->min_header_len	= ETH_HLEN;	/* 14	*/
171 	dev->addr_len		= ETH_ALEN;	/* 6	*/
172 	dev->type		= ARPHRD_LOOPBACK;	/* 0x0001*/
173 	dev->flags		= IFF_LOOPBACK;
174 	dev->priv_flags		|= IFF_LIVE_ADDR_CHANGE | IFF_NO_QUEUE;
175 	dev->lltx		= true;
176 	dev->netns_immutable	= true;
177 	netif_keep_dst(dev);
178 	dev->hw_features	= NETIF_F_GSO_SOFTWARE;
179 	dev->features		= NETIF_F_SG | NETIF_F_FRAGLIST
180 		| NETIF_F_GSO_SOFTWARE
181 		| NETIF_F_HW_CSUM
182 		| NETIF_F_RXCSUM
183 		| NETIF_F_SCTP_CRC
184 		| NETIF_F_HIGHDMA
185 		| NETIF_F_VLAN_CHALLENGED
186 		| NETIF_F_LOOPBACK;
187 	dev->ethtool_ops	= eth_ops;
188 	dev->header_ops		= hdr_ops;
189 	dev->netdev_ops		= dev_ops;
190 	dev->needs_free_netdev	= true;
191 	dev->pcpu_stat_type	= NETDEV_PCPU_STAT_LSTATS;
192 	dev->priv_destructor	= dev_destructor;
193 
194 	netif_set_tso_max_size(dev, GSO_MAX_SIZE);
195 }
196 
197 /* The loopback device is special. There is only one instance
198  * per network namespace.
199  */
loopback_setup(struct net_device * dev)200 static void loopback_setup(struct net_device *dev)
201 {
202 	gen_lo_setup(dev, (64 * 1024), &loopback_ethtool_ops, &eth_header_ops,
203 		     &loopback_ops, loopback_dev_free);
204 }
205 
206 /* Setup and register the loopback device. */
loopback_net_init(struct net * net)207 static __net_init int loopback_net_init(struct net *net)
208 {
209 	struct net_device *dev;
210 	int err;
211 
212 	err = -ENOMEM;
213 	dev = alloc_netdev(0, "lo", NET_NAME_PREDICTABLE, loopback_setup);
214 	if (!dev)
215 		goto out;
216 
217 	dev_net_set(dev, net);
218 	err = register_netdev(dev);
219 	if (err)
220 		goto out_free_netdev;
221 
222 	BUG_ON(dev->ifindex != LOOPBACK_IFINDEX);
223 	net->loopback_dev = dev;
224 	return 0;
225 
226 out_free_netdev:
227 	free_netdev(dev);
228 out:
229 	if (net_eq(net, &init_net))
230 		panic("loopback: Failed to register netdevice: %d\n", err);
231 	return err;
232 }
233 
234 /* Registered in net/core/dev.c */
235 struct pernet_operations __net_initdata loopback_net_ops = {
236 	.init = loopback_net_init,
237 };
238 
239 /* blackhole netdevice */
blackhole_netdev_xmit(struct sk_buff * skb,struct net_device * dev)240 static netdev_tx_t blackhole_netdev_xmit(struct sk_buff *skb,
241 					 struct net_device *dev)
242 {
243 	kfree_skb(skb);
244 	net_warn_ratelimited("%s(): Dropping skb.\n", __func__);
245 	return NETDEV_TX_OK;
246 }
247 
blackhole_neigh_output(struct neighbour * n,struct sk_buff * skb)248 static int blackhole_neigh_output(struct neighbour *n, struct sk_buff *skb)
249 {
250 	kfree_skb(skb);
251 	return 0;
252 }
253 
blackhole_neigh_construct(struct net_device * dev,struct neighbour * n)254 static int blackhole_neigh_construct(struct net_device *dev,
255 				     struct neighbour *n)
256 {
257 	n->output = blackhole_neigh_output;
258 	return 0;
259 }
260 
261 static const struct net_device_ops blackhole_netdev_ops = {
262 	.ndo_start_xmit = blackhole_netdev_xmit,
263 	.ndo_neigh_construct = blackhole_neigh_construct,
264 };
265 
266 /* This is a dst-dummy device used specifically for invalidated
267  * DSTs and unlike loopback, this is not per-ns.
268  */
blackhole_netdev_setup(struct net_device * dev)269 static void blackhole_netdev_setup(struct net_device *dev)
270 {
271 	gen_lo_setup(dev, ETH_MIN_MTU, NULL, NULL, &blackhole_netdev_ops, NULL);
272 }
273 
274 /* Setup and register the blackhole_netdev. */
blackhole_netdev_init(void)275 static int __init blackhole_netdev_init(void)
276 {
277 	blackhole_netdev = alloc_netdev(0, "blackhole_dev", NET_NAME_UNKNOWN,
278 					blackhole_netdev_setup);
279 	if (!blackhole_netdev)
280 		return -ENOMEM;
281 
282 	rtnl_net_lock(&init_net);
283 	dev_init_scheduler(blackhole_netdev);
284 	dev_activate(blackhole_netdev);
285 	rtnl_net_unlock(&init_net);
286 
287 	blackhole_netdev->flags |= IFF_UP | IFF_RUNNING;
288 
289 	return 0;
290 }
291 
292 device_initcall(blackhole_netdev_init);
293