xref: /linux/include/linux/uprobes.h (revision e4dcbdff114e2c0a8059c396e233aa5d9637afce)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_UPROBES_H
3 #define _LINUX_UPROBES_H
4 /*
5  * User-space Probes (UProbes)
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2008-2012
8  * Authors:
9  *	Srikar Dronamraju
10  *	Jim Keniston
11  * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Red Hat, Inc., Peter Zijlstra
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/errno.h>
15 #include <linux/rbtree.h>
16 #include <linux/types.h>
17 #include <linux/wait.h>
18 #include <linux/timer.h>
19 #include <linux/seqlock.h>
20 #include <linux/mutex.h>
21 
22 struct uprobe;
23 struct vm_area_struct;
24 struct mm_struct;
25 struct inode;
26 struct notifier_block;
27 struct page;
28 
29 /*
30  * Allowed return values from uprobe consumer's handler callback
31  * with following meaning:
32  *
33  * UPROBE_HANDLER_REMOVE
34  * - Remove the uprobe breakpoint from current->mm.
35  * UPROBE_HANDLER_IGNORE
36  * - Ignore ret_handler callback for this consumer.
37  */
38 #define UPROBE_HANDLER_REMOVE		1
39 #define UPROBE_HANDLER_IGNORE		2
40 
41 #define MAX_URETPROBE_DEPTH		64
42 
43 #define UPROBE_NO_TRAMPOLINE_VADDR	(~0UL)
44 
45 struct uprobe_consumer {
46 	/*
47 	 * handler() can return UPROBE_HANDLER_REMOVE to signal the need to
48 	 * unregister uprobe for current process. If UPROBE_HANDLER_REMOVE is
49 	 * returned, filter() callback has to be implemented as well and it
50 	 * should return false to "confirm" the decision to uninstall uprobe
51 	 * for the current process. If filter() is omitted or returns true,
52 	 * UPROBE_HANDLER_REMOVE is effectively ignored.
53 	 */
54 	int (*handler)(struct uprobe_consumer *self, struct pt_regs *regs, __u64 *data);
55 	int (*ret_handler)(struct uprobe_consumer *self,
56 				unsigned long func,
57 				struct pt_regs *regs, __u64 *data);
58 	bool (*filter)(struct uprobe_consumer *self, struct mm_struct *mm);
59 
60 	struct list_head cons_node;
61 
62 	__u64 id;	/* set when uprobe_consumer is registered */
63 };
64 
65 #ifdef CONFIG_UPROBES
66 #include <asm/uprobes.h>
67 
68 enum uprobe_task_state {
69 	UTASK_RUNNING,
70 	UTASK_SSTEP,
71 	UTASK_SSTEP_ACK,
72 	UTASK_SSTEP_TRAPPED,
73 };
74 
75 /* The state of hybrid-lifetime uprobe inside struct return_instance */
76 enum hprobe_state {
77 	HPROBE_LEASED,		/* uretprobes_srcu-protected uprobe */
78 	HPROBE_STABLE,		/* refcounted uprobe */
79 	HPROBE_GONE,		/* NULL uprobe, SRCU expired, refcount failed */
80 	HPROBE_CONSUMED,	/* uprobe "consumed" by uretprobe handler */
81 };
82 
83 /*
84  * Hybrid lifetime uprobe. Represents a uprobe instance that could be either
85  * SRCU protected (with SRCU protection eventually potentially timing out),
86  * refcounted using uprobe->ref, or there could be no valid uprobe (NULL).
87  *
88  * hprobe's internal state is setup such that background timer thread can
89  * atomically "downgrade" temporarily RCU-protected uprobe into refcounted one
90  * (or no uprobe, if refcounting failed).
91  *
92  * *stable* pointer always point to the uprobe (or could be NULL if there is
93  * was no valid underlying uprobe to begin with).
94  *
95  * *leased* pointer is the key to achieving race-free atomic lifetime state
96  * transition and can have three possible states:
97  *   - either the same non-NULL value as *stable*, in which case uprobe is
98  *     SRCU-protected;
99  *   - NULL, in which case uprobe (if there is any) is refcounted;
100  *   - special __UPROBE_DEAD value, which represents an uprobe that was SRCU
101  *     protected initially, but SRCU period timed out and we attempted to
102  *     convert it to refcounted, but refcount_inc_not_zero() failed, because
103  *     uprobe effectively went away (the last consumer unsubscribed). In this
104  *     case it's important to know that *stable* pointer (which still has
105  *     non-NULL uprobe pointer) shouldn't be used, because lifetime of
106  *     underlying uprobe is not guaranteed anymore. __UPROBE_DEAD is just an
107  *     internal marker and is handled transparently by hprobe_fetch() helper.
108  *
109  * When uprobe is SRCU-protected, we also record srcu_idx value, necessary for
110  * SRCU unlocking.
111  *
112  * See hprobe_expire() and hprobe_fetch() for details of race-free uprobe
113  * state transitioning details. It all hinges on atomic xchg() over *leaded*
114  * pointer. *stable* pointer, once initially set, is not modified concurrently.
115  */
116 struct hprobe {
117 	enum hprobe_state state;
118 	int srcu_idx;
119 	struct uprobe *uprobe;
120 };
121 
122 /*
123  * uprobe_task: Metadata of a task while it singlesteps.
124  */
125 struct uprobe_task {
126 	enum uprobe_task_state		state;
127 
128 	unsigned int			depth;
129 	struct return_instance		*return_instances;
130 
131 	struct return_instance		*ri_pool;
132 	struct timer_list		ri_timer;
133 	seqcount_t			ri_seqcount;
134 
135 	union {
136 		struct {
137 			struct arch_uprobe_task	autask;
138 			unsigned long		vaddr;
139 		};
140 
141 		struct {
142 			struct callback_head	dup_xol_work;
143 			unsigned long		dup_xol_addr;
144 		};
145 	};
146 
147 	struct uprobe			*active_uprobe;
148 	unsigned long			xol_vaddr;
149 	bool				signal_denied;
150 
151 	struct arch_uprobe              *auprobe;
152 };
153 
154 struct return_consumer {
155 	__u64	cookie;
156 	__u64	id;
157 };
158 
159 struct return_instance {
160 	struct hprobe		hprobe;
161 	unsigned long		func;
162 	unsigned long		stack;		/* stack pointer */
163 	unsigned long		orig_ret_vaddr; /* original return address */
164 	bool			chained;	/* true, if instance is nested */
165 	int			cons_cnt;	/* total number of session consumers */
166 
167 	struct return_instance	*next;		/* keep as stack */
168 	struct rcu_head		rcu;
169 
170 	/* singular pre-allocated return_consumer instance for common case */
171 	struct return_consumer	consumer;
172 	/*
173 	 * extra return_consumer instances for rare cases of multiple session consumers,
174 	 * contains (cons_cnt - 1) elements
175 	 */
176 	struct return_consumer	*extra_consumers;
177 } ____cacheline_aligned;
178 
179 enum rp_check {
180 	RP_CHECK_CALL,
181 	RP_CHECK_CHAIN_CALL,
182 	RP_CHECK_RET,
183 };
184 
185 struct xol_area;
186 
187 struct uprobes_state {
188 	struct xol_area		*xol_area;
189 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
190 	struct hlist_head	head_tramps;
191 #endif
192 };
193 
194 typedef int (*uprobe_write_verify_t)(struct page *page, unsigned long vaddr,
195 				     uprobe_opcode_t *insn, int nbytes, void *data);
196 
197 extern void __init uprobes_init(void);
198 extern int set_swbp(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long vaddr);
199 extern int set_orig_insn(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long vaddr);
200 extern bool is_swbp_insn(uprobe_opcode_t *insn);
201 extern bool is_trap_insn(uprobe_opcode_t *insn);
202 extern unsigned long uprobe_get_swbp_addr(struct pt_regs *regs);
203 extern unsigned long uprobe_get_trap_addr(struct pt_regs *regs);
204 extern int uprobe_write_opcode(struct arch_uprobe *auprobe, struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long vaddr, uprobe_opcode_t,
205 			       bool is_register);
206 extern int uprobe_write(struct arch_uprobe *auprobe, struct vm_area_struct *vma, const unsigned long opcode_vaddr,
207 			uprobe_opcode_t *insn, int nbytes, uprobe_write_verify_t verify, bool is_register, bool do_update_ref_ctr,
208 			void *data);
209 extern struct uprobe *uprobe_register(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t ref_ctr_offset, struct uprobe_consumer *uc);
210 extern int uprobe_apply(struct uprobe *uprobe, struct uprobe_consumer *uc, bool);
211 extern void uprobe_unregister_nosync(struct uprobe *uprobe, struct uprobe_consumer *uc);
212 extern void uprobe_unregister_sync(void);
213 extern int uprobe_mmap(struct vm_area_struct *vma);
214 extern void uprobe_munmap(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start, unsigned long end);
215 extern void uprobe_start_dup_mmap(void);
216 extern void uprobe_end_dup_mmap(void);
217 extern void uprobe_dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *oldmm, struct mm_struct *newmm);
218 extern void uprobe_free_utask(struct task_struct *t);
219 extern void uprobe_copy_process(struct task_struct *t, u64 flags);
220 extern int uprobe_post_sstep_notifier(struct pt_regs *regs);
221 extern int uprobe_pre_sstep_notifier(struct pt_regs *regs);
222 extern void uprobe_notify_resume(struct pt_regs *regs);
223 extern bool uprobe_deny_signal(void);
224 extern bool arch_uprobe_skip_sstep(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct pt_regs *regs);
225 extern void uprobe_clear_state(struct mm_struct *mm);
226 extern int  arch_uprobe_analyze_insn(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr);
227 extern int  arch_uprobe_pre_xol(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct pt_regs *regs);
228 extern int  arch_uprobe_post_xol(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct pt_regs *regs);
229 extern bool arch_uprobe_xol_was_trapped(struct task_struct *tsk);
230 extern int  arch_uprobe_exception_notify(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long val, void *data);
231 extern void arch_uprobe_abort_xol(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct pt_regs *regs);
232 extern unsigned long arch_uretprobe_hijack_return_addr(unsigned long trampoline_vaddr, struct pt_regs *regs);
233 extern bool arch_uretprobe_is_alive(struct return_instance *ret, enum rp_check ctx, struct pt_regs *regs);
234 extern bool arch_uprobe_ignore(struct arch_uprobe *aup, struct pt_regs *regs);
235 extern void arch_uprobe_copy_ixol(struct page *page, unsigned long vaddr,
236 					 void *src, unsigned long len);
237 extern void uprobe_handle_trampoline(struct pt_regs *regs);
238 extern void *arch_uretprobe_trampoline(unsigned long *psize);
239 extern unsigned long uprobe_get_trampoline_vaddr(void);
240 extern void uprobe_copy_from_page(struct page *page, unsigned long vaddr, void *dst, int len);
241 extern void arch_uprobe_clear_state(struct mm_struct *mm);
242 extern void arch_uprobe_init_state(struct mm_struct *mm);
243 extern void handle_syscall_uprobe(struct pt_regs *regs, unsigned long bp_vaddr);
244 extern void arch_uprobe_optimize(struct arch_uprobe *auprobe, unsigned long vaddr);
245 #else /* !CONFIG_UPROBES */
246 struct uprobes_state {
247 };
248 
uprobes_init(void)249 static inline void uprobes_init(void)
250 {
251 }
252 
253 #define uprobe_get_trap_addr(regs)	instruction_pointer(regs)
254 
255 static inline struct uprobe *
uprobe_register(struct inode * inode,loff_t offset,loff_t ref_ctr_offset,struct uprobe_consumer * uc)256 uprobe_register(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t ref_ctr_offset, struct uprobe_consumer *uc)
257 {
258 	return ERR_PTR(-ENOSYS);
259 }
260 static inline int
uprobe_apply(struct uprobe * uprobe,struct uprobe_consumer * uc,bool add)261 uprobe_apply(struct uprobe* uprobe, struct uprobe_consumer *uc, bool add)
262 {
263 	return -ENOSYS;
264 }
265 static inline void
uprobe_unregister_nosync(struct uprobe * uprobe,struct uprobe_consumer * uc)266 uprobe_unregister_nosync(struct uprobe *uprobe, struct uprobe_consumer *uc)
267 {
268 }
uprobe_unregister_sync(void)269 static inline void uprobe_unregister_sync(void)
270 {
271 }
uprobe_mmap(struct vm_area_struct * vma)272 static inline int uprobe_mmap(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
273 {
274 	return 0;
275 }
276 static inline void
uprobe_munmap(struct vm_area_struct * vma,unsigned long start,unsigned long end)277 uprobe_munmap(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
278 {
279 }
uprobe_start_dup_mmap(void)280 static inline void uprobe_start_dup_mmap(void)
281 {
282 }
uprobe_end_dup_mmap(void)283 static inline void uprobe_end_dup_mmap(void)
284 {
285 }
286 static inline void
uprobe_dup_mmap(struct mm_struct * oldmm,struct mm_struct * newmm)287 uprobe_dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *oldmm, struct mm_struct *newmm)
288 {
289 }
uprobe_notify_resume(struct pt_regs * regs)290 static inline void uprobe_notify_resume(struct pt_regs *regs)
291 {
292 }
uprobe_deny_signal(void)293 static inline bool uprobe_deny_signal(void)
294 {
295 	return false;
296 }
uprobe_free_utask(struct task_struct * t)297 static inline void uprobe_free_utask(struct task_struct *t)
298 {
299 }
uprobe_copy_process(struct task_struct * t,u64 flags)300 static inline void uprobe_copy_process(struct task_struct *t, u64 flags)
301 {
302 }
uprobe_clear_state(struct mm_struct * mm)303 static inline void uprobe_clear_state(struct mm_struct *mm)
304 {
305 }
306 #endif /* !CONFIG_UPROBES */
307 #endif	/* _LINUX_UPROBES_H */
308