xref: /linux/lib/bug.c (revision 4f9786035f9e519db41375818e1d0b5f20da2f10)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3   Generic support for BUG()
4 
5   This respects the following config options:
6 
7   CONFIG_BUG - emit BUG traps.  Nothing happens without this.
8   CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG - enable this code.
9   CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS - use 32-bit relative pointers for bug_addr and file
10   CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE - emit full file+line information for each BUG
11 
12   CONFIG_BUG and CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE are potentially user-settable
13   (though they're generally always on).
14 
15   CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG is set by each architecture using this code.
16 
17   To use this, your architecture must:
18 
19   1. Set up the config options:
20      - Enable CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG if CONFIG_BUG
21 
22   2. Implement BUG (and optionally BUG_ON, WARN, WARN_ON)
23      - Define HAVE_ARCH_BUG
24      - Implement BUG() to generate a faulting instruction
25      - NOTE: struct bug_entry does not have "file" or "line" entries
26        when CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE is not enabled, so you must generate
27        the values accordingly.
28 
29   3. Implement the trap
30      - In the illegal instruction trap handler (typically), verify
31        that the fault was in kernel mode, and call report_bug()
32      - report_bug() will return whether it was a false alarm, a warning,
33        or an actual bug.
34      - You must implement the is_valid_bugaddr(bugaddr) callback which
35        returns true if the eip is a real kernel address, and it points
36        to the expected BUG trap instruction.
37 
38     Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org> 2006
39  */
40 
41 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
42 
43 #include <linux/list.h>
44 #include <linux/module.h>
45 #include <linux/kernel.h>
46 #include <linux/bug.h>
47 #include <linux/sched.h>
48 #include <linux/rculist.h>
49 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
50 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
51 
52 extern struct bug_entry __start___bug_table[], __stop___bug_table[];
53 
54 static inline unsigned long bug_addr(const struct bug_entry *bug)
55 {
56 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS
57 	return (unsigned long)&bug->bug_addr_disp + bug->bug_addr_disp;
58 #else
59 	return bug->bug_addr;
60 #endif
61 }
62 
63 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
64 /* Updates are protected by module mutex */
65 static LIST_HEAD(module_bug_list);
66 
67 static struct bug_entry *module_find_bug(unsigned long bugaddr)
68 {
69 	struct bug_entry *bug;
70 	struct module *mod;
71 
72 	guard(rcu)();
73 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &module_bug_list, bug_list) {
74 		unsigned i;
75 
76 		bug = mod->bug_table;
77 		for (i = 0; i < mod->num_bugs; ++i, ++bug)
78 			if (bugaddr == bug_addr(bug))
79 				return bug;
80 	}
81 	return NULL;
82 }
83 
84 void module_bug_finalize(const Elf_Ehdr *hdr, const Elf_Shdr *sechdrs,
85 			 struct module *mod)
86 {
87 	char *secstrings;
88 	unsigned int i;
89 
90 	mod->bug_table = NULL;
91 	mod->num_bugs = 0;
92 
93 	/* Find the __bug_table section, if present */
94 	secstrings = (char *)hdr + sechdrs[hdr->e_shstrndx].sh_offset;
95 	for (i = 1; i < hdr->e_shnum; i++) {
96 		if (strcmp(secstrings+sechdrs[i].sh_name, "__bug_table"))
97 			continue;
98 		mod->bug_table = (void *) sechdrs[i].sh_addr;
99 		mod->num_bugs = sechdrs[i].sh_size / sizeof(struct bug_entry);
100 		break;
101 	}
102 
103 	/*
104 	 * Strictly speaking this should have a spinlock to protect against
105 	 * traversals, but since we only traverse on BUG()s, a spinlock
106 	 * could potentially lead to deadlock and thus be counter-productive.
107 	 * Thus, this uses RCU to safely manipulate the bug list, since BUG
108 	 * must run in non-interruptive state.
109 	 */
110 	list_add_rcu(&mod->bug_list, &module_bug_list);
111 }
112 
113 void module_bug_cleanup(struct module *mod)
114 {
115 	list_del_rcu(&mod->bug_list);
116 }
117 
118 #else
119 
120 static inline struct bug_entry *module_find_bug(unsigned long bugaddr)
121 {
122 	return NULL;
123 }
124 #endif
125 
126 void bug_get_file_line(struct bug_entry *bug, const char **file,
127 		       unsigned int *line)
128 {
129 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
130 #ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS
131 	*file = (const char *)&bug->file_disp + bug->file_disp;
132 #else
133 	*file = bug->file;
134 #endif
135 	*line = bug->line;
136 #else
137 	*file = NULL;
138 	*line = 0;
139 #endif
140 }
141 
142 struct bug_entry *find_bug(unsigned long bugaddr)
143 {
144 	struct bug_entry *bug;
145 
146 	for (bug = __start___bug_table; bug < __stop___bug_table; ++bug)
147 		if (bugaddr == bug_addr(bug))
148 			return bug;
149 
150 	return module_find_bug(bugaddr);
151 }
152 
153 static enum bug_trap_type __report_bug(unsigned long bugaddr, struct pt_regs *regs)
154 {
155 	struct bug_entry *bug;
156 	const char *file;
157 	unsigned line, warning, once, done;
158 
159 	if (!is_valid_bugaddr(bugaddr))
160 		return BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE;
161 
162 	bug = find_bug(bugaddr);
163 	if (!bug)
164 		return BUG_TRAP_TYPE_NONE;
165 
166 	disable_trace_on_warning();
167 
168 	bug_get_file_line(bug, &file, &line);
169 
170 	warning = (bug->flags & BUGFLAG_WARNING) != 0;
171 	once = (bug->flags & BUGFLAG_ONCE) != 0;
172 	done = (bug->flags & BUGFLAG_DONE) != 0;
173 
174 	if (warning && once) {
175 		if (done)
176 			return BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN;
177 
178 		/*
179 		 * Since this is the only store, concurrency is not an issue.
180 		 */
181 		bug->flags |= BUGFLAG_DONE;
182 	}
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * BUG() and WARN_ON() families don't print a custom debug message
186 	 * before triggering the exception handler, so we must add the
187 	 * "cut here" line now. WARN() issues its own "cut here" before the
188 	 * extra debugging message it writes before triggering the handler.
189 	 */
190 	if ((bug->flags & BUGFLAG_NO_CUT_HERE) == 0)
191 		printk(KERN_DEFAULT CUT_HERE);
192 
193 	if (warning) {
194 		/* this is a WARN_ON rather than BUG/BUG_ON */
195 		__warn(file, line, (void *)bugaddr, BUG_GET_TAINT(bug), regs,
196 		       NULL);
197 		return BUG_TRAP_TYPE_WARN;
198 	}
199 
200 	if (file)
201 		pr_crit("kernel BUG at %s:%u!\n", file, line);
202 	else
203 		pr_crit("Kernel BUG at %pB [verbose debug info unavailable]\n",
204 			(void *)bugaddr);
205 
206 	return BUG_TRAP_TYPE_BUG;
207 }
208 
209 enum bug_trap_type report_bug(unsigned long bugaddr, struct pt_regs *regs)
210 {
211 	enum bug_trap_type ret;
212 	bool rcu = false;
213 
214 	rcu = warn_rcu_enter();
215 	ret = __report_bug(bugaddr, regs);
216 	warn_rcu_exit(rcu);
217 
218 	return ret;
219 }
220 
221 static void clear_once_table(struct bug_entry *start, struct bug_entry *end)
222 {
223 	struct bug_entry *bug;
224 
225 	for (bug = start; bug < end; bug++)
226 		bug->flags &= ~BUGFLAG_DONE;
227 }
228 
229 void generic_bug_clear_once(void)
230 {
231 #ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
232 	struct module *mod;
233 
234 	scoped_guard(rcu) {
235 		list_for_each_entry_rcu(mod, &module_bug_list, bug_list)
236 			clear_once_table(mod->bug_table,
237 					 mod->bug_table + mod->num_bugs);
238 	}
239 #endif
240 
241 	clear_once_table(__start___bug_table, __stop___bug_table);
242 }
243