xref: /linux/sound/isa/sb/emu8000_pcm.c (revision 05a54fa773284d1a7923cdfdd8f0c8dabb98bd26)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * pcm emulation on emu8000 wavetable
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 2002 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
6  */
7 
8 #include "emu8000_local.h"
9 
10 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
11 #include <linux/init.h>
12 #include <linux/slab.h>
13 #include <sound/initval.h>
14 #include <sound/pcm.h>
15 
16 /*
17  * define the following if you want to use this pcm with non-interleaved mode
18  */
19 /* #define USE_NONINTERLEAVE */
20 
21 /* NOTE: for using the non-interleaved mode with alsa-lib, you have to set
22  * mmap_emulation flag to 1 in your .asoundrc, such like
23  *
24  *	pcm.emu8k {
25  *		type plug
26  *		slave.pcm {
27  *			type hw
28  *			card 0
29  *			device 1
30  *			mmap_emulation 1
31  *		}
32  *	}
33  *
34  * besides, for the time being, the non-interleaved mode doesn't work well on
35  * alsa-lib...
36  */
37 
38 
39 struct snd_emu8k_pcm {
40 	struct snd_emu8000 *emu;
41 	struct snd_pcm_substream *substream;
42 
43 	unsigned int allocated_bytes;
44 	struct snd_util_memblk *block;
45 	unsigned int offset;
46 	unsigned int buf_size;
47 	unsigned int period_size;
48 	unsigned int loop_start[2];
49 	unsigned int pitch;
50 	int panning[2];
51 	int last_ptr;
52 	int period_pos;
53 	int voices;
54 	unsigned int dram_opened: 1;
55 	unsigned int running: 1;
56 	unsigned int timer_running: 1;
57 	struct timer_list timer;
58 	spinlock_t timer_lock;
59 };
60 
61 #define LOOP_BLANK_SIZE		8
62 
63 
64 /*
65  * open up channels for the simultaneous data transfer and playback
66  */
67 static int
68 emu8k_open_dram_for_pcm(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int channels)
69 {
70 	int i;
71 
72 	/* reserve up to 2 voices for playback */
73 	snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, 0);
74 	if (channels > 1)
75 		snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, 1);
76 
77 	/* reserve 28 voices for loading */
78 	for (i = channels + 1; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++) {
79 		unsigned int mode = EMU8000_RAM_WRITE;
80 		snd_emux_lock_voice(emu->emu, i);
81 #ifndef USE_NONINTERLEAVE
82 		if (channels > 1 && (i & 1) != 0)
83 			mode |= EMU8000_RAM_RIGHT;
84 #endif
85 		snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, i, mode);
86 	}
87 
88 	/* assign voice 31 and 32 to ROM */
89 	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 30, 0);
90 	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1d8);
91 	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1e0);
92 	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 30, 0x1d8);
93 	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(emu, 31, 0);
94 	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1d8);
95 	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1e0);
96 	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(emu, 31, 0x1d8);
97 
98 	return 0;
99 }
100 
101 /*
102  */
103 static void
104 snd_emu8000_write_wait(struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int can_schedule)
105 {
106 	while ((EMU8000_SMALW_READ(emu) & 0x80000000) != 0) {
107 		if (can_schedule) {
108 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
109 			if (signal_pending(current))
110 				break;
111 		}
112 	}
113 }
114 
115 /*
116  * close all channels
117  */
118 static void
119 emu8k_close_dram(struct snd_emu8000 *emu)
120 {
121 	int i;
122 
123 	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
124 		snd_emux_unlock_voice(emu->emu, i);
125 	for (; i < EMU8000_DRAM_VOICES; i++) {
126 		snd_emu8000_dma_chan(emu, i, EMU8000_RAM_CLOSE);
127 		snd_emux_unlock_voice(emu->emu, i);
128 	}
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * convert Hz to AWE32 rate offset (see emux/soundfont.c)
133  */
134 
135 #define OFFSET_SAMPLERATE	1011119		/* base = 44100 */
136 #define SAMPLERATE_RATIO	4096
137 
138 static int calc_rate_offset(int hz)
139 {
140 	return snd_sf_linear_to_log(hz, OFFSET_SAMPLERATE, SAMPLERATE_RATIO);
141 }
142 
143 
144 /*
145  */
146 
147 static const struct snd_pcm_hardware emu8k_pcm_hw = {
148 #ifdef USE_NONINTERLEAVE
149 	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_NONINTERLEAVED,
150 #else
151 	.info =			SNDRV_PCM_INFO_INTERLEAVED,
152 #endif
153 	.formats =		SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE,
154 	.rates =		SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS | SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000_48000,
155 	.rate_min =		4000,
156 	.rate_max =		48000,
157 	.channels_min =		1,
158 	.channels_max =		2,
159 	.buffer_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
160 	.period_bytes_min =	1024,
161 	.period_bytes_max =	(128*1024),
162 	.periods_min =		2,
163 	.periods_max =		1024,
164 	.fifo_size =		0,
165 
166 };
167 
168 /*
169  * get the current position at the given channel from CCCA register
170  */
171 static inline int emu8k_get_curpos(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
172 {
173 	int val = EMU8000_CCCA_READ(rec->emu, ch) & 0xfffffff;
174 	val -= rec->loop_start[ch] - 1;
175 	return val;
176 }
177 
178 
179 /*
180  * timer interrupt handler
181  * check the current position and update the period if necessary.
182  */
183 static void emu8k_pcm_timer_func(struct timer_list *t)
184 {
185 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = timer_container_of(rec, t, timer);
186 	int ptr, delta;
187 	bool period_elapsed = false;
188 
189 	scoped_guard(spinlock, &rec->timer_lock) {
190 		/* update the current pointer */
191 		ptr = emu8k_get_curpos(rec, 0);
192 		if (ptr < rec->last_ptr)
193 			delta = ptr + rec->buf_size - rec->last_ptr;
194 		else
195 			delta = ptr - rec->last_ptr;
196 		rec->period_pos += delta;
197 		rec->last_ptr = ptr;
198 
199 		/* reprogram timer */
200 		mod_timer(&rec->timer, jiffies + 1);
201 
202 		/* update period */
203 		if (rec->period_pos >= (int)rec->period_size) {
204 			rec->period_pos %= rec->period_size;
205 			period_elapsed = true;
206 		}
207 	}
208 
209 	if (period_elapsed)
210 		snd_pcm_period_elapsed(rec->substream);
211 }
212 
213 
214 /*
215  * open pcm
216  * creating an instance here
217  */
218 static int emu8k_pcm_open(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
219 {
220 	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = snd_pcm_substream_chip(subs);
221 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec;
222 	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = subs->runtime;
223 
224 	rec = kzalloc(sizeof(*rec), GFP_KERNEL);
225 	if (! rec)
226 		return -ENOMEM;
227 
228 	rec->emu = emu;
229 	rec->substream = subs;
230 	runtime->private_data = rec;
231 
232 	spin_lock_init(&rec->timer_lock);
233 	timer_setup(&rec->timer, emu8k_pcm_timer_func, 0);
234 
235 	runtime->hw = emu8k_pcm_hw;
236 	runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max = emu->mem_size - LOOP_BLANK_SIZE * 3;
237 	runtime->hw.period_bytes_max = runtime->hw.buffer_bytes_max / 2;
238 
239 	/* use timer to update periods.. (specified in msec) */
240 	snd_pcm_hw_constraint_minmax(runtime, SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_PERIOD_TIME,
241 				     DIV_ROUND_UP(1000000, HZ), UINT_MAX);
242 
243 	return 0;
244 }
245 
246 static int emu8k_pcm_close(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
247 {
248 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
249 	kfree(rec);
250 	subs->runtime->private_data = NULL;
251 	return 0;
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * calculate pitch target
256  */
257 static int calc_pitch_target(int pitch)
258 {
259 	int ptarget = 1 << (pitch >> 12);
260 	if (pitch & 0x800) ptarget += (ptarget * 0x102e) / 0x2710;
261 	if (pitch & 0x400) ptarget += (ptarget * 0x764) / 0x2710;
262 	if (pitch & 0x200) ptarget += (ptarget * 0x389) / 0x2710;
263 	ptarget += (ptarget >> 1);
264 	if (ptarget > 0xffff) ptarget = 0xffff;
265 	return ptarget;
266 }
267 
268 /*
269  * set up the voice
270  */
271 static void setup_voice(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
272 {
273 	struct snd_emu8000 *hw = rec->emu;
274 	unsigned int temp;
275 
276 	/* channel to be silent and idle */
277 	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0080);
278 	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0000FFFF);
279 	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0000FFFF);
280 	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
281 	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
282 
283 	/* pitch offset */
284 	EMU8000_IP_WRITE(hw, ch, rec->pitch);
285 	/* set envelope parameters */
286 	EMU8000_ENVVAL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
287 	EMU8000_ATKHLD_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
288 	EMU8000_DCYSUS_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
289 	EMU8000_ENVVOL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
290 	EMU8000_ATKHLDV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
291 	/* decay/sustain parameter for volume envelope is used
292 	   for triggerg the voice */
293 	/* modulation envelope heights */
294 	EMU8000_PEFE_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x0);
295 	/* lfo1/2 delay */
296 	EMU8000_LFO1VAL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
297 	EMU8000_LFO2VAL_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x8000);
298 	/* lfo1 pitch & cutoff shift */
299 	EMU8000_FMMOD_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
300 	/* lfo1 volume & freq */
301 	EMU8000_TREMFRQ_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
302 	/* lfo2 pitch & freq */
303 	EMU8000_FM2FRQ2_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
304 	/* pan & loop start */
305 	temp = rec->panning[ch];
306 	temp = (temp <<24) | ((unsigned int)rec->loop_start[ch] - 1);
307 	EMU8000_PSST_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
308 	/* chorus & loop end (chorus 8bit, MSB) */
309 	temp = 0; // chorus
310 	temp = (temp << 24) | ((unsigned int)rec->loop_start[ch] + rec->buf_size - 1);
311 	EMU8000_CSL_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
312 	/* Q & current address (Q 4bit value, MSB) */
313 	temp = 0; // filterQ
314 	temp = (temp << 28) | ((unsigned int)rec->loop_start[ch] - 1);
315 	EMU8000_CCCA_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
316 	/* clear unknown registers */
317 	EMU8000_00A0_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
318 	EMU8000_0080_WRITE(hw, ch, 0);
319 }
320 
321 /*
322  * trigger the voice
323  */
324 static void start_voice(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
325 {
326 	struct snd_emu8000 *hw = rec->emu;
327 	unsigned int temp, aux;
328 	int pt = calc_pitch_target(rec->pitch);
329 
330 	/* cutoff and volume */
331 	EMU8000_IFATN_WRITE(hw, ch, 0xff00);
332 	EMU8000_VTFT_WRITE(hw, ch, 0xffff);
333 	EMU8000_CVCF_WRITE(hw, ch, 0xffff);
334 	/* trigger envelope */
335 	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x7f7f);
336 	/* set reverb and pitch target */
337 	temp = 0; // reverb
338 	if (rec->panning[ch] == 0)
339 		aux = 0xff;
340 	else
341 		aux = (-rec->panning[ch]) & 0xff;
342 	temp = (temp << 8) | (pt << 16) | aux;
343 	EMU8000_PTRX_WRITE(hw, ch, temp);
344 	EMU8000_CPF_WRITE(hw, ch, pt << 16);
345 
346 	/* start timer */
347 	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&rec->timer_lock);
348 	if (! rec->timer_running) {
349 		mod_timer(&rec->timer, jiffies + 1);
350 		rec->timer_running = 1;
351 	}
352 }
353 
354 /*
355  * stop the voice immediately
356  */
357 static void stop_voice(struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec, int ch)
358 {
359 	struct snd_emu8000 *hw = rec->emu;
360 
361 	EMU8000_DCYSUSV_WRITE(hw, ch, 0x807F);
362 
363 	/* stop timer */
364 	guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&rec->timer_lock);
365 	if (rec->timer_running) {
366 		timer_delete(&rec->timer);
367 		rec->timer_running = 0;
368 	}
369 }
370 
371 static int emu8k_pcm_trigger(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs, int cmd)
372 {
373 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
374 	int ch;
375 
376 	switch (cmd) {
377 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_START:
378 		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++)
379 			start_voice(rec, ch);
380 		rec->running = 1;
381 		break;
382 	case SNDRV_PCM_TRIGGER_STOP:
383 		rec->running = 0;
384 		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++)
385 			stop_voice(rec, ch);
386 		break;
387 	default:
388 		return -EINVAL;
389 	}
390 	return 0;
391 }
392 
393 
394 /*
395  * copy / silence ops
396  */
397 
398 /*
399  * this macro should be inserted in the copy/silence loops
400  * to reduce the latency.  without this, the system will hang up
401  * during the whole loop.
402  */
403 #define CHECK_SCHEDULER() \
404 do { \
405 	cond_resched();\
406 	if (signal_pending(current))\
407 		return -EAGAIN;\
408 } while (0)
409 
410 #define GET_VAL(sval, iter)						\
411 	do {								\
412 		if (!iter)						\
413 			sval = 0;					\
414 		else if (copy_from_iter(&sval, 2, iter) != 2)		\
415 			return -EFAULT;					\
416 	} while (0)
417 
418 #ifdef USE_NONINTERLEAVE
419 
420 #define LOOP_WRITE(rec, offset, iter, count)			\
421 	do {							\
422 		struct snd_emu8000 *emu = (rec)->emu;		\
423 		snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu, 1);			\
424 		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, offset);		\
425 		while (count > 0) {				\
426 			unsigned short sval;			\
427 			CHECK_SCHEDULER();			\
428 			GET_VAL(sval, iter);			\
429 			EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, sval);		\
430 			count--;				\
431 		}						\
432 	} while (0)
433 
434 /* copy one channel block */
435 static int emu8k_pcm_copy(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
436 			  int voice, unsigned long pos,
437 			  struct iov_iter *src, unsigned long count)
438 {
439 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
440 
441 	/* convert to word unit */
442 	pos = (pos << 1) + rec->loop_start[voice];
443 	count <<= 1;
444 	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, src, count);
445 	return 0;
446 }
447 
448 /* make a channel block silence */
449 static int emu8k_pcm_silence(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
450 			     int voice, unsigned long pos, unsigned long count)
451 {
452 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
453 
454 	/* convert to word unit */
455 	pos = (pos << 1) + rec->loop_start[voice];
456 	count <<= 1;
457 	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, NULL, count);
458 	return 0;
459 }
460 
461 #else /* interleave */
462 
463 #define LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, iter, count)				\
464 	do {								\
465 		struct snd_emu8000 *emu = rec->emu;			\
466 		snd_emu8000_write_wait(emu, 1);				\
467 		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(emu, pos + rec->loop_start[0]);	\
468 		if (rec->voices > 1)					\
469 			EMU8000_SMARW_WRITE(emu, pos + rec->loop_start[1]); \
470 		while (count > 0) {					\
471 			unsigned short sval;				\
472 			CHECK_SCHEDULER();				\
473 			GET_VAL(sval, iter);				\
474 			EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(emu, sval);			\
475 			if (rec->voices > 1) {				\
476 				CHECK_SCHEDULER();			\
477 				GET_VAL(sval, iter);			\
478 				EMU8000_SMRD_WRITE(emu, sval);		\
479 			}						\
480 			count--;					\
481 		}							\
482 	} while (0)
483 
484 
485 /*
486  * copy the interleaved data can be done easily by using
487  * DMA "left" and "right" channels on emu8k engine.
488  */
489 static int emu8k_pcm_copy(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
490 			  int voice, unsigned long pos,
491 			  struct iov_iter *src, unsigned long count)
492 {
493 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
494 
495 	/* convert to frames */
496 	pos = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, pos);
497 	count = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, count);
498 	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, src, count);
499 	return 0;
500 }
501 
502 static int emu8k_pcm_silence(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
503 			     int voice, unsigned long pos, unsigned long count)
504 {
505 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
506 
507 	/* convert to frames */
508 	pos = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, pos);
509 	count = bytes_to_frames(subs->runtime, count);
510 	LOOP_WRITE(rec, pos, NULL, count);
511 	return 0;
512 }
513 #endif
514 
515 
516 /*
517  * allocate a memory block
518  */
519 static int emu8k_pcm_hw_params(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs,
520 			       struct snd_pcm_hw_params *hw_params)
521 {
522 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
523 
524 	if (rec->block) {
525 		/* reallocation - release the old block */
526 		snd_util_mem_free(rec->emu->memhdr, rec->block);
527 		rec->block = NULL;
528 	}
529 
530 	rec->allocated_bytes = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params) + LOOP_BLANK_SIZE * 4;
531 	rec->block = snd_util_mem_alloc(rec->emu->memhdr, rec->allocated_bytes);
532 	if (! rec->block)
533 		return -ENOMEM;
534 	rec->offset = EMU8000_DRAM_OFFSET + (rec->block->offset >> 1); /* in word */
535 	/* at least dma_bytes must be set for non-interleaved mode */
536 	subs->dma_buffer.bytes = params_buffer_bytes(hw_params);
537 
538 	return 0;
539 }
540 
541 /*
542  * free the memory block
543  */
544 static int emu8k_pcm_hw_free(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
545 {
546 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
547 
548 	if (rec->block) {
549 		int ch;
550 		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++)
551 			stop_voice(rec, ch); // to be sure
552 		if (rec->dram_opened)
553 			emu8k_close_dram(rec->emu);
554 		snd_util_mem_free(rec->emu->memhdr, rec->block);
555 		rec->block = NULL;
556 	}
557 	return 0;
558 }
559 
560 /*
561  */
562 static int emu8k_pcm_prepare(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
563 {
564 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
565 
566 	rec->pitch = 0xe000 + calc_rate_offset(subs->runtime->rate);
567 	rec->last_ptr = 0;
568 	rec->period_pos = 0;
569 
570 	rec->buf_size = subs->runtime->buffer_size;
571 	rec->period_size = subs->runtime->period_size;
572 	rec->voices = subs->runtime->channels;
573 	rec->loop_start[0] = rec->offset + LOOP_BLANK_SIZE;
574 	if (rec->voices > 1)
575 		rec->loop_start[1] = rec->loop_start[0] + rec->buf_size + LOOP_BLANK_SIZE;
576 	if (rec->voices > 1) {
577 		rec->panning[0] = 0xff;
578 		rec->panning[1] = 0x00;
579 	} else
580 		rec->panning[0] = 0x80;
581 
582 	if (! rec->dram_opened) {
583 		int err, i, ch;
584 
585 		snd_emux_terminate_all(rec->emu->emu);
586 		err = emu8k_open_dram_for_pcm(rec->emu, rec->voices);
587 		if (err)
588 			return err;
589 		rec->dram_opened = 1;
590 
591 		/* clear loop blanks */
592 		snd_emu8000_write_wait(rec->emu, 0);
593 		EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(rec->emu, rec->offset);
594 		for (i = 0; i < LOOP_BLANK_SIZE; i++)
595 			EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(rec->emu, 0);
596 		for (ch = 0; ch < rec->voices; ch++) {
597 			EMU8000_SMALW_WRITE(rec->emu, rec->loop_start[ch] + rec->buf_size);
598 			for (i = 0; i < LOOP_BLANK_SIZE; i++)
599 				EMU8000_SMLD_WRITE(rec->emu, 0);
600 		}
601 	}
602 
603 	setup_voice(rec, 0);
604 	if (rec->voices > 1)
605 		setup_voice(rec, 1);
606 	return 0;
607 }
608 
609 static snd_pcm_uframes_t emu8k_pcm_pointer(struct snd_pcm_substream *subs)
610 {
611 	struct snd_emu8k_pcm *rec = subs->runtime->private_data;
612 	if (rec->running)
613 		return emu8k_get_curpos(rec, 0);
614 	return 0;
615 }
616 
617 
618 static const struct snd_pcm_ops emu8k_pcm_ops = {
619 	.open =		emu8k_pcm_open,
620 	.close =	emu8k_pcm_close,
621 	.hw_params =	emu8k_pcm_hw_params,
622 	.hw_free =	emu8k_pcm_hw_free,
623 	.prepare =	emu8k_pcm_prepare,
624 	.trigger =	emu8k_pcm_trigger,
625 	.pointer =	emu8k_pcm_pointer,
626 	.copy =		emu8k_pcm_copy,
627 	.fill_silence =	emu8k_pcm_silence,
628 };
629 
630 
631 static void snd_emu8000_pcm_free(struct snd_pcm *pcm)
632 {
633 	struct snd_emu8000 *emu = pcm->private_data;
634 	emu->pcm = NULL;
635 }
636 
637 int snd_emu8000_pcm_new(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_emu8000 *emu, int index)
638 {
639 	struct snd_pcm *pcm;
640 	int err;
641 
642 	err = snd_pcm_new(card, "Emu8000 PCM", index, 1, 0, &pcm);
643 	if (err < 0)
644 		return err;
645 	pcm->private_data = emu;
646 	pcm->private_free = snd_emu8000_pcm_free;
647 	snd_pcm_set_ops(pcm, SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, &emu8k_pcm_ops);
648 	emu->pcm = pcm;
649 
650 	snd_device_register(card, pcm);
651 
652 	return 0;
653 }
654