xref: /linux/drivers/base/devcoredump.c (revision a1ff5a7d78a036d6c2178ee5acd6ba4946243800)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Copyright(c) 2014 Intel Mobile Communications GmbH
4  * Copyright(c) 2015 Intel Deutschland GmbH
5  *
6  * Author: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
7  */
8 #include <linux/module.h>
9 #include <linux/device.h>
10 #include <linux/devcoredump.h>
11 #include <linux/list.h>
12 #include <linux/slab.h>
13 #include <linux/fs.h>
14 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
15 
16 static struct class devcd_class;
17 
18 /* global disable flag, for security purposes */
19 static bool devcd_disabled;
20 
21 struct devcd_entry {
22 	struct device devcd_dev;
23 	void *data;
24 	size_t datalen;
25 	/*
26 	 * Here, mutex is required to serialize the calls to del_wk work between
27 	 * user/kernel space which happens when devcd is added with device_add()
28 	 * and that sends uevent to user space. User space reads the uevents,
29 	 * and calls to devcd_data_write() which try to modify the work which is
30 	 * not even initialized/queued from devcoredump.
31 	 *
32 	 *
33 	 *
34 	 *        cpu0(X)                                 cpu1(Y)
35 	 *
36 	 *        dev_coredump() uevent sent to user space
37 	 *        device_add()  ======================> user space process Y reads the
38 	 *                                              uevents writes to devcd fd
39 	 *                                              which results into writes to
40 	 *
41 	 *                                             devcd_data_write()
42 	 *                                               mod_delayed_work()
43 	 *                                                 try_to_grab_pending()
44 	 *                                                   del_timer()
45 	 *                                                     debug_assert_init()
46 	 *       INIT_DELAYED_WORK()
47 	 *       schedule_delayed_work()
48 	 *
49 	 *
50 	 * Also, mutex alone would not be enough to avoid scheduling of
51 	 * del_wk work after it get flush from a call to devcd_free()
52 	 * mentioned as below.
53 	 *
54 	 *	disabled_store()
55 	 *        devcd_free()
56 	 *          mutex_lock()             devcd_data_write()
57 	 *          flush_delayed_work()
58 	 *          mutex_unlock()
59 	 *                                   mutex_lock()
60 	 *                                   mod_delayed_work()
61 	 *                                   mutex_unlock()
62 	 * So, delete_work flag is required.
63 	 */
64 	struct mutex mutex;
65 	bool delete_work;
66 	struct module *owner;
67 	ssize_t (*read)(char *buffer, loff_t offset, size_t count,
68 			void *data, size_t datalen);
69 	void (*free)(void *data);
70 	struct delayed_work del_wk;
71 	struct device *failing_dev;
72 };
73 
dev_to_devcd(struct device * dev)74 static struct devcd_entry *dev_to_devcd(struct device *dev)
75 {
76 	return container_of(dev, struct devcd_entry, devcd_dev);
77 }
78 
devcd_dev_release(struct device * dev)79 static void devcd_dev_release(struct device *dev)
80 {
81 	struct devcd_entry *devcd = dev_to_devcd(dev);
82 
83 	devcd->free(devcd->data);
84 	module_put(devcd->owner);
85 
86 	/*
87 	 * this seems racy, but I don't see a notifier or such on
88 	 * a struct device to know when it goes away?
89 	 */
90 	if (devcd->failing_dev->kobj.sd)
91 		sysfs_delete_link(&devcd->failing_dev->kobj, &dev->kobj,
92 				  "devcoredump");
93 
94 	put_device(devcd->failing_dev);
95 	kfree(devcd);
96 }
97 
devcd_del(struct work_struct * wk)98 static void devcd_del(struct work_struct *wk)
99 {
100 	struct devcd_entry *devcd;
101 
102 	devcd = container_of(wk, struct devcd_entry, del_wk.work);
103 
104 	device_del(&devcd->devcd_dev);
105 	put_device(&devcd->devcd_dev);
106 }
107 
devcd_data_read(struct file * filp,struct kobject * kobj,struct bin_attribute * bin_attr,char * buffer,loff_t offset,size_t count)108 static ssize_t devcd_data_read(struct file *filp, struct kobject *kobj,
109 			       struct bin_attribute *bin_attr,
110 			       char *buffer, loff_t offset, size_t count)
111 {
112 	struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
113 	struct devcd_entry *devcd = dev_to_devcd(dev);
114 
115 	return devcd->read(buffer, offset, count, devcd->data, devcd->datalen);
116 }
117 
devcd_data_write(struct file * filp,struct kobject * kobj,struct bin_attribute * bin_attr,char * buffer,loff_t offset,size_t count)118 static ssize_t devcd_data_write(struct file *filp, struct kobject *kobj,
119 				struct bin_attribute *bin_attr,
120 				char *buffer, loff_t offset, size_t count)
121 {
122 	struct device *dev = kobj_to_dev(kobj);
123 	struct devcd_entry *devcd = dev_to_devcd(dev);
124 
125 	mutex_lock(&devcd->mutex);
126 	if (!devcd->delete_work) {
127 		devcd->delete_work = true;
128 		mod_delayed_work(system_wq, &devcd->del_wk, 0);
129 	}
130 	mutex_unlock(&devcd->mutex);
131 
132 	return count;
133 }
134 
135 static struct bin_attribute devcd_attr_data = {
136 	.attr = { .name = "data", .mode = S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR, },
137 	.size = 0,
138 	.read = devcd_data_read,
139 	.write = devcd_data_write,
140 };
141 
142 static struct bin_attribute *devcd_dev_bin_attrs[] = {
143 	&devcd_attr_data, NULL,
144 };
145 
146 static const struct attribute_group devcd_dev_group = {
147 	.bin_attrs = devcd_dev_bin_attrs,
148 };
149 
150 static const struct attribute_group *devcd_dev_groups[] = {
151 	&devcd_dev_group, NULL,
152 };
153 
devcd_free(struct device * dev,void * data)154 static int devcd_free(struct device *dev, void *data)
155 {
156 	struct devcd_entry *devcd = dev_to_devcd(dev);
157 
158 	mutex_lock(&devcd->mutex);
159 	if (!devcd->delete_work)
160 		devcd->delete_work = true;
161 
162 	flush_delayed_work(&devcd->del_wk);
163 	mutex_unlock(&devcd->mutex);
164 	return 0;
165 }
166 
disabled_show(const struct class * class,const struct class_attribute * attr,char * buf)167 static ssize_t disabled_show(const struct class *class, const struct class_attribute *attr,
168 			     char *buf)
169 {
170 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", devcd_disabled);
171 }
172 
173 /*
174  *
175  *	disabled_store()                                	worker()
176  *	 class_for_each_device(&devcd_class,
177  *		NULL, NULL, devcd_free)
178  *         ...
179  *         ...
180  *	   while ((dev = class_dev_iter_next(&iter))
181  *                                                             devcd_del()
182  *                                                               device_del()
183  *                                                                 put_device() <- last reference
184  *             error = fn(dev, data)                           devcd_dev_release()
185  *             devcd_free(dev, data)                           kfree(devcd)
186  *             mutex_lock(&devcd->mutex);
187  *
188  *
189  * In the above diagram, It looks like disabled_store() would be racing with parallely
190  * running devcd_del() and result in memory abort while acquiring devcd->mutex which
191  * is called after kfree of devcd memory  after dropping its last reference with
192  * put_device(). However, this will not happens as fn(dev, data) runs
193  * with its own reference to device via klist_node so it is not its last reference.
194  * so, above situation would not occur.
195  */
196 
disabled_store(const struct class * class,const struct class_attribute * attr,const char * buf,size_t count)197 static ssize_t disabled_store(const struct class *class, const struct class_attribute *attr,
198 			      const char *buf, size_t count)
199 {
200 	long tmp = simple_strtol(buf, NULL, 10);
201 
202 	/*
203 	 * This essentially makes the attribute write-once, since you can't
204 	 * go back to not having it disabled. This is intentional, it serves
205 	 * as a system lockdown feature.
206 	 */
207 	if (tmp != 1)
208 		return -EINVAL;
209 
210 	devcd_disabled = true;
211 
212 	class_for_each_device(&devcd_class, NULL, NULL, devcd_free);
213 
214 	return count;
215 }
216 static CLASS_ATTR_RW(disabled);
217 
218 static struct attribute *devcd_class_attrs[] = {
219 	&class_attr_disabled.attr,
220 	NULL,
221 };
222 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(devcd_class);
223 
224 static struct class devcd_class = {
225 	.name		= "devcoredump",
226 	.dev_release	= devcd_dev_release,
227 	.dev_groups	= devcd_dev_groups,
228 	.class_groups	= devcd_class_groups,
229 };
230 
devcd_readv(char * buffer,loff_t offset,size_t count,void * data,size_t datalen)231 static ssize_t devcd_readv(char *buffer, loff_t offset, size_t count,
232 			   void *data, size_t datalen)
233 {
234 	return memory_read_from_buffer(buffer, count, &offset, data, datalen);
235 }
236 
devcd_freev(void * data)237 static void devcd_freev(void *data)
238 {
239 	vfree(data);
240 }
241 
242 /**
243  * dev_coredumpv - create device coredump with vmalloc data
244  * @dev: the struct device for the crashed device
245  * @data: vmalloc data containing the device coredump
246  * @datalen: length of the data
247  * @gfp: allocation flags
248  *
249  * This function takes ownership of the vmalloc'ed data and will free
250  * it when it is no longer used. See dev_coredumpm() for more information.
251  */
dev_coredumpv(struct device * dev,void * data,size_t datalen,gfp_t gfp)252 void dev_coredumpv(struct device *dev, void *data, size_t datalen,
253 		   gfp_t gfp)
254 {
255 	dev_coredumpm(dev, NULL, data, datalen, gfp, devcd_readv, devcd_freev);
256 }
257 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dev_coredumpv);
258 
devcd_match_failing(struct device * dev,const void * failing)259 static int devcd_match_failing(struct device *dev, const void *failing)
260 {
261 	struct devcd_entry *devcd = dev_to_devcd(dev);
262 
263 	return devcd->failing_dev == failing;
264 }
265 
266 /**
267  * devcd_free_sgtable - free all the memory of the given scatterlist table
268  * (i.e. both pages and scatterlist instances)
269  * NOTE: if two tables allocated with devcd_alloc_sgtable and then chained
270  * using the sg_chain function then that function should be called only once
271  * on the chained table
272  * @data: pointer to sg_table to free
273  */
devcd_free_sgtable(void * data)274 static void devcd_free_sgtable(void *data)
275 {
276 	_devcd_free_sgtable(data);
277 }
278 
279 /**
280  * devcd_read_from_sgtable - copy data from sg_table to a given buffer
281  * and return the number of bytes read
282  * @buffer: the buffer to copy the data to it
283  * @buf_len: the length of the buffer
284  * @data: the scatterlist table to copy from
285  * @offset: start copy from @offset@ bytes from the head of the data
286  *	in the given scatterlist
287  * @data_len: the length of the data in the sg_table
288  */
devcd_read_from_sgtable(char * buffer,loff_t offset,size_t buf_len,void * data,size_t data_len)289 static ssize_t devcd_read_from_sgtable(char *buffer, loff_t offset,
290 				       size_t buf_len, void *data,
291 				       size_t data_len)
292 {
293 	struct scatterlist *table = data;
294 
295 	if (offset > data_len)
296 		return -EINVAL;
297 
298 	if (offset + buf_len > data_len)
299 		buf_len = data_len - offset;
300 	return sg_pcopy_to_buffer(table, sg_nents(table), buffer, buf_len,
301 				  offset);
302 }
303 
304 /**
305  * dev_coredump_put - remove device coredump
306  * @dev: the struct device for the crashed device
307  *
308  * dev_coredump_put() removes coredump, if exists, for a given device from
309  * the file system and free its associated data otherwise, does nothing.
310  *
311  * It is useful for modules that do not want to keep coredump
312  * available after its unload.
313  */
dev_coredump_put(struct device * dev)314 void dev_coredump_put(struct device *dev)
315 {
316 	struct device *existing;
317 
318 	existing = class_find_device(&devcd_class, NULL, dev,
319 				     devcd_match_failing);
320 	if (existing) {
321 		devcd_free(existing, NULL);
322 		put_device(existing);
323 	}
324 }
325 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dev_coredump_put);
326 
327 /**
328  * dev_coredumpm_timeout - create device coredump with read/free methods with a
329  * custom timeout.
330  * @dev: the struct device for the crashed device
331  * @owner: the module that contains the read/free functions, use %THIS_MODULE
332  * @data: data cookie for the @read/@free functions
333  * @datalen: length of the data
334  * @gfp: allocation flags
335  * @read: function to read from the given buffer
336  * @free: function to free the given buffer
337  * @timeout: time in jiffies to remove coredump
338  *
339  * Creates a new device coredump for the given device. If a previous one hasn't
340  * been read yet, the new coredump is discarded. The data lifetime is determined
341  * by the device coredump framework and when it is no longer needed the @free
342  * function will be called to free the data.
343  */
dev_coredumpm_timeout(struct device * dev,struct module * owner,void * data,size_t datalen,gfp_t gfp,ssize_t (* read)(char * buffer,loff_t offset,size_t count,void * data,size_t datalen),void (* free)(void * data),unsigned long timeout)344 void dev_coredumpm_timeout(struct device *dev, struct module *owner,
345 			   void *data, size_t datalen, gfp_t gfp,
346 			   ssize_t (*read)(char *buffer, loff_t offset,
347 					   size_t count, void *data,
348 					   size_t datalen),
349 			   void (*free)(void *data),
350 			   unsigned long timeout)
351 {
352 	static atomic_t devcd_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
353 	struct devcd_entry *devcd;
354 	struct device *existing;
355 
356 	if (devcd_disabled)
357 		goto free;
358 
359 	existing = class_find_device(&devcd_class, NULL, dev,
360 				     devcd_match_failing);
361 	if (existing) {
362 		put_device(existing);
363 		goto free;
364 	}
365 
366 	if (!try_module_get(owner))
367 		goto free;
368 
369 	devcd = kzalloc(sizeof(*devcd), gfp);
370 	if (!devcd)
371 		goto put_module;
372 
373 	devcd->owner = owner;
374 	devcd->data = data;
375 	devcd->datalen = datalen;
376 	devcd->read = read;
377 	devcd->free = free;
378 	devcd->failing_dev = get_device(dev);
379 	devcd->delete_work = false;
380 
381 	mutex_init(&devcd->mutex);
382 	device_initialize(&devcd->devcd_dev);
383 
384 	dev_set_name(&devcd->devcd_dev, "devcd%d",
385 		     atomic_inc_return(&devcd_count));
386 	devcd->devcd_dev.class = &devcd_class;
387 
388 	mutex_lock(&devcd->mutex);
389 	dev_set_uevent_suppress(&devcd->devcd_dev, true);
390 	if (device_add(&devcd->devcd_dev))
391 		goto put_device;
392 
393 	/*
394 	 * These should normally not fail, but there is no problem
395 	 * continuing without the links, so just warn instead of
396 	 * failing.
397 	 */
398 	if (sysfs_create_link(&devcd->devcd_dev.kobj, &dev->kobj,
399 			      "failing_device") ||
400 	    sysfs_create_link(&dev->kobj, &devcd->devcd_dev.kobj,
401 		              "devcoredump"))
402 		dev_warn(dev, "devcoredump create_link failed\n");
403 
404 	dev_set_uevent_suppress(&devcd->devcd_dev, false);
405 	kobject_uevent(&devcd->devcd_dev.kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
406 	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&devcd->del_wk, devcd_del);
407 	schedule_delayed_work(&devcd->del_wk, timeout);
408 	mutex_unlock(&devcd->mutex);
409 	return;
410  put_device:
411 	put_device(&devcd->devcd_dev);
412 	mutex_unlock(&devcd->mutex);
413  put_module:
414 	module_put(owner);
415  free:
416 	free(data);
417 }
418 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dev_coredumpm_timeout);
419 
420 /**
421  * dev_coredumpsg - create device coredump that uses scatterlist as data
422  * parameter
423  * @dev: the struct device for the crashed device
424  * @table: the dump data
425  * @datalen: length of the data
426  * @gfp: allocation flags
427  *
428  * Creates a new device coredump for the given device. If a previous one hasn't
429  * been read yet, the new coredump is discarded. The data lifetime is determined
430  * by the device coredump framework and when it is no longer needed
431  * it will free the data.
432  */
dev_coredumpsg(struct device * dev,struct scatterlist * table,size_t datalen,gfp_t gfp)433 void dev_coredumpsg(struct device *dev, struct scatterlist *table,
434 		    size_t datalen, gfp_t gfp)
435 {
436 	dev_coredumpm(dev, NULL, table, datalen, gfp, devcd_read_from_sgtable,
437 		      devcd_free_sgtable);
438 }
439 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(dev_coredumpsg);
440 
devcoredump_init(void)441 static int __init devcoredump_init(void)
442 {
443 	return class_register(&devcd_class);
444 }
445 __initcall(devcoredump_init);
446 
devcoredump_exit(void)447 static void __exit devcoredump_exit(void)
448 {
449 	class_for_each_device(&devcd_class, NULL, NULL, devcd_free);
450 	class_unregister(&devcd_class);
451 }
452 __exitcall(devcoredump_exit);
453