xref: /linux/tools/lib/subcmd/run-command.c (revision c7dacfb87beed63ffe360c73c2a284d9e334f135)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <unistd.h>
3 #include <sys/types.h>
4 #include <sys/stat.h>
5 #include <ctype.h>
6 #include <fcntl.h>
7 #include <string.h>
8 #include <linux/compiler.h>
9 #include <linux/string.h>
10 #include <errno.h>
11 #include <sys/wait.h>
12 #include "subcmd-util.h"
13 #include "run-command.h"
14 #include "exec-cmd.h"
15 
16 #define STRERR_BUFSIZE 128
17 
18 static inline void close_pair(int fd[2])
19 {
20 	close(fd[0]);
21 	close(fd[1]);
22 }
23 
24 static inline void dup_devnull(int to)
25 {
26 	int fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR);
27 	dup2(fd, to);
28 	close(fd);
29 }
30 
31 int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
32 {
33 	int need_in, need_out, need_err;
34 	int fdin[2], fdout[2], fderr[2];
35 	char sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
36 
37 	/*
38 	 * In case of errors we must keep the promise to close FDs
39 	 * that have been passed in via ->in and ->out.
40 	 */
41 
42 	need_in = !cmd->no_stdin && cmd->in < 0;
43 	if (need_in) {
44 		if (pipe(fdin) < 0) {
45 			if (cmd->out > 0)
46 				close(cmd->out);
47 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
48 		}
49 		cmd->in = fdin[1];
50 	}
51 
52 	need_out = !cmd->no_stdout
53 		&& !cmd->stdout_to_stderr
54 		&& cmd->out < 0;
55 	if (need_out) {
56 		if (pipe(fdout) < 0) {
57 			if (need_in)
58 				close_pair(fdin);
59 			else if (cmd->in)
60 				close(cmd->in);
61 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
62 		}
63 		cmd->out = fdout[0];
64 	}
65 
66 	need_err = !cmd->no_stderr && cmd->err < 0;
67 	if (need_err) {
68 		if (pipe(fderr) < 0) {
69 			if (need_in)
70 				close_pair(fdin);
71 			else if (cmd->in)
72 				close(cmd->in);
73 			if (need_out)
74 				close_pair(fdout);
75 			else if (cmd->out)
76 				close(cmd->out);
77 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_PIPE;
78 		}
79 		cmd->err = fderr[0];
80 	}
81 
82 	fflush(NULL);
83 	cmd->pid = fork();
84 	if (!cmd->pid) {
85 		if (cmd->no_stdin)
86 			dup_devnull(0);
87 		else if (need_in) {
88 			dup2(fdin[0], 0);
89 			close_pair(fdin);
90 		} else if (cmd->in) {
91 			dup2(cmd->in, 0);
92 			close(cmd->in);
93 		}
94 
95 		if (cmd->no_stderr)
96 			dup_devnull(2);
97 		else if (need_err) {
98 			dup2(fderr[1], 2);
99 			close_pair(fderr);
100 		}
101 
102 		if (cmd->no_stdout)
103 			dup_devnull(1);
104 		else if (cmd->stdout_to_stderr)
105 			dup2(2, 1);
106 		else if (need_out) {
107 			dup2(fdout[1], 1);
108 			close_pair(fdout);
109 		} else if (cmd->out > 1) {
110 			dup2(cmd->out, 1);
111 			close(cmd->out);
112 		}
113 
114 		if (cmd->dir && chdir(cmd->dir))
115 			die("exec %s: cd to %s failed (%s)", cmd->argv[0],
116 			    cmd->dir, str_error_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
117 		if (cmd->env) {
118 			for (; *cmd->env; cmd->env++) {
119 				if (strchr(*cmd->env, '='))
120 					putenv((char*)*cmd->env);
121 				else
122 					unsetenv(*cmd->env);
123 			}
124 		}
125 		if (cmd->preexec_cb)
126 			cmd->preexec_cb();
127 		if (cmd->no_exec_cmd)
128 			exit(cmd->no_exec_cmd(cmd));
129 		if (cmd->exec_cmd) {
130 			execv_cmd(cmd->argv);
131 		} else {
132 			execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
133 		}
134 		exit(127);
135 	}
136 
137 	if (cmd->pid < 0) {
138 		int err = errno;
139 		if (need_in)
140 			close_pair(fdin);
141 		else if (cmd->in)
142 			close(cmd->in);
143 		if (need_out)
144 			close_pair(fdout);
145 		else if (cmd->out)
146 			close(cmd->out);
147 		if (need_err)
148 			close_pair(fderr);
149 		return err == ENOENT ?
150 			-ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC :
151 			-ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
152 	}
153 
154 	if (need_in)
155 		close(fdin[0]);
156 	else if (cmd->in)
157 		close(cmd->in);
158 
159 	if (need_out)
160 		close(fdout[1]);
161 	else if (cmd->out)
162 		close(cmd->out);
163 
164 	if (need_err)
165 		close(fderr[1]);
166 
167 	return 0;
168 }
169 
170 static int wait_or_whine(struct child_process *cmd, bool block)
171 {
172 	bool finished;
173 	int result;
174 
175 	if (cmd->pid <= 0) {
176 		cmd->finished = 1;
177 		if (cmd->pid < 0 && cmd->finish_result == 0)
178 			cmd->finish_result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
179 		return cmd->finish_result;
180 	}
181 
182 	finished = cmd->finished;
183 	result = cmd->finish_result;
184 
185 	while (!finished) {
186 		int status, code;
187 		pid_t waiting = waitpid(cmd->pid, &status, block ? 0 : WNOHANG);
188 
189 		if (!block && waiting == 0)
190 			break;
191 
192 		if (waiting < 0 && errno == EINTR)
193 			continue;
194 
195 		finished = true;
196 		if (waiting < 0) {
197 			char sbuf[STRERR_BUFSIZE];
198 
199 			fprintf(stderr, " Error: waitpid failed (%s)",
200 				str_error_r(errno, sbuf, sizeof(sbuf)));
201 			result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID;
202 		} else if (waiting != cmd->pid) {
203 			result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_WRONG_PID;
204 		} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
205 			result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL;
206 		} else if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
207 			result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT;
208 		} else {
209 			code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
210 			switch (code) {
211 			case 127:
212 				result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC;
213 				break;
214 			case 0:
215 				result = 0;
216 				break;
217 			default:
218 				result = -code;
219 				break;
220 			}
221 		}
222 	}
223 	if (finished) {
224 		cmd->finished = 1;
225 		cmd->finish_result = result;
226 	}
227 	return result;
228 }
229 
230 /*
231  * Conservative estimate of number of characaters needed to hold an a decoded
232  * integer, assume each 3 bits needs a character byte and plus a possible sign
233  * character.
234  */
235 #ifndef is_signed_type
236 #define is_signed_type(type) (((type)(-1)) < (type)1)
237 #endif
238 #define MAX_STRLEN_TYPE(type) (sizeof(type) * 8 / 3 + (is_signed_type(type) ? 1 : 0))
239 
240 int check_if_command_finished(struct child_process *cmd)
241 {
242 #ifdef __linux__
243 	char filename[6 + MAX_STRLEN_TYPE(typeof(cmd->pid)) + 7 + 1];
244 	char status_line[256];
245 	FILE *status_file;
246 #endif
247 
248 	if (cmd->finished)
249 		return 1;
250 	if (cmd->pid <= 0) {
251 		cmd->finished = 1;
252 		if (cmd->pid < 0 && cmd->finish_result == 0)
253 			cmd->finish_result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
254 		return 1;
255 	}
256 
257 #ifdef __linux__
258 	/*
259 	 * Check by reading /proc/<pid>/status as calling waitpid causes
260 	 * stdout/stderr to be closed and data lost.
261 	 */
262 	sprintf(filename, "/proc/%u/status", cmd->pid);
263 	status_file = fopen(filename, "r");
264 	if (status_file == NULL) {
265 		int status;
266 		pid_t waiting;
267 
268 		/*
269 		 * fopen() can fail with ENOENT if the process has been reaped.
270 		 * It can also fail with EMFILE/ENFILE if RLIMIT_NOFILE is reached.
271 		 * In those cases, use waitpid(..., WNOHANG) to robustly check
272 		 * and reap the process if it has exited.
273 		 */
274 		if (errno == ENOENT)
275 			return 1;
276 
277 		waiting = waitpid(cmd->pid, &status, WNOHANG);
278 		if (waiting == cmd->pid) {
279 			int result;
280 			int code;
281 
282 			cmd->finished = 1;
283 			if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
284 				result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL;
285 			} else if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
286 				result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT;
287 			} else {
288 				code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
289 				switch (code) {
290 				case 127:
291 					result = -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC;
292 					break;
293 				case 0:
294 					result = 0;
295 					break;
296 				default:
297 					result = -code;
298 					break;
299 				}
300 			}
301 			cmd->finish_result = result;
302 			return 1;
303 		}
304 		if (waiting < 0 && (errno == ECHILD || errno == ESRCH))
305 			return 1;
306 		return 0;
307 	}
308 	while (fgets(status_line, sizeof(status_line), status_file) != NULL) {
309 		char *p;
310 
311 		if (strncmp(status_line, "State:", 6))
312 			continue;
313 
314 		fclose(status_file);
315 		p = status_line + 6;
316 		while (isspace(*p))
317 			p++;
318 		return *p == 'Z' ? 1 : 0;
319 	}
320 	/* Read failed assume finish_command was called. */
321 	fclose(status_file);
322 	return 1;
323 #else
324 	wait_or_whine(cmd, /*block=*/false);
325 	return cmd->finished;
326 #endif
327 }
328 
329 int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
330 {
331 	return wait_or_whine(cmd, /*block=*/true);
332 }
333 
334 int run_command(struct child_process *cmd)
335 {
336 	int code = start_command(cmd);
337 	if (code)
338 		return code;
339 	return finish_command(cmd);
340 }
341 
342 static void prepare_run_command_v_opt(struct child_process *cmd,
343 				      const char **argv,
344 				      int opt)
345 {
346 	memset(cmd, 0, sizeof(*cmd));
347 	cmd->argv = argv;
348 	cmd->no_stdin = opt & RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN ? 1 : 0;
349 	cmd->exec_cmd = opt & RUN_EXEC_CMD ? 1 : 0;
350 	cmd->stdout_to_stderr = opt & RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR ? 1 : 0;
351 }
352 
353 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt)
354 {
355 	struct child_process cmd;
356 	prepare_run_command_v_opt(&cmd, argv, opt);
357 	return run_command(&cmd);
358 }
359