xref: /linux/kernel/bpf/cgroup_iter.c (revision 0ea5c948cb64bab5bc7a5516774eb8536f05aa0d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /* Copyright (c) 2022 Google */
3 #include <linux/bpf.h>
4 #include <linux/btf_ids.h>
5 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
6 #include <linux/kernel.h>
7 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
8 
9 #include "../cgroup/cgroup-internal.h"  /* cgroup_mutex and cgroup_is_dead */
10 
11 /* cgroup_iter provides four modes of traversal to the cgroup hierarchy.
12  *
13  *  1. Walk the descendants of a cgroup in pre-order.
14  *  2. Walk the descendants of a cgroup in post-order.
15  *  3. Walk the ancestors of a cgroup.
16  *  4. Show the given cgroup only.
17  *
18  * For walking descendants, cgroup_iter can walk in either pre-order or
19  * post-order. For walking ancestors, the iter walks up from a cgroup to
20  * the root.
21  *
22  * The iter program can terminate the walk early by returning 1. Walk
23  * continues if prog returns 0.
24  *
25  * The prog can check (seq->num == 0) to determine whether this is
26  * the first element. The prog may also be passed a NULL cgroup,
27  * which means the walk has completed and the prog has a chance to
28  * do post-processing, such as outputting an epilogue.
29  *
30  * Note: the iter_prog is called with cgroup_mutex held.
31  *
32  * Currently only one session is supported, which means, depending on the
33  * volume of data bpf program intends to send to user space, the number
34  * of cgroups that can be walked is limited. For example, given the current
35  * buffer size is 8 * PAGE_SIZE, if the program sends 64B data for each
36  * cgroup, assuming PAGE_SIZE is 4kb, the total number of cgroups that can
37  * be walked is 512. This is a limitation of cgroup_iter. If the output data
38  * is larger than the kernel buffer size, after all data in the kernel buffer
39  * is consumed by user space, the subsequent read() syscall will signal
40  * EOPNOTSUPP. In order to work around, the user may have to update their
41  * program to reduce the volume of data sent to output. For example, skip
42  * some uninteresting cgroups.
43  */
44 
45 struct bpf_iter__cgroup {
46 	__bpf_md_ptr(struct bpf_iter_meta *, meta);
47 	__bpf_md_ptr(struct cgroup *, cgroup);
48 };
49 
50 struct cgroup_iter_priv {
51 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *start_css;
52 	bool visited_all;
53 	bool terminate;
54 	int order;
55 };
56 
cgroup_iter_seq_start(struct seq_file * seq,loff_t * pos)57 static void *cgroup_iter_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
58 {
59 	struct cgroup_iter_priv *p = seq->private;
60 
61 	cgroup_lock();
62 
63 	/* cgroup_iter doesn't support read across multiple sessions. */
64 	if (*pos > 0) {
65 		if (p->visited_all)
66 			return NULL;
67 
68 		/* Haven't visited all, but because cgroup_mutex has dropped,
69 		 * return -EOPNOTSUPP to indicate incomplete iteration.
70 		 */
71 		return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
72 	}
73 
74 	++*pos;
75 	p->terminate = false;
76 	p->visited_all = false;
77 	if (p->order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_PRE)
78 		return css_next_descendant_pre(NULL, p->start_css);
79 	else if (p->order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_POST)
80 		return css_next_descendant_post(NULL, p->start_css);
81 	else /* BPF_CGROUP_ITER_SELF_ONLY and BPF_CGROUP_ITER_ANCESTORS_UP */
82 		return p->start_css;
83 }
84 
85 static int __cgroup_iter_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq,
86 				  struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, int in_stop);
87 
cgroup_iter_seq_stop(struct seq_file * seq,void * v)88 static void cgroup_iter_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
89 {
90 	struct cgroup_iter_priv *p = seq->private;
91 
92 	cgroup_unlock();
93 
94 	/* pass NULL to the prog for post-processing */
95 	if (!v) {
96 		__cgroup_iter_seq_show(seq, NULL, true);
97 		p->visited_all = true;
98 	}
99 }
100 
cgroup_iter_seq_next(struct seq_file * seq,void * v,loff_t * pos)101 static void *cgroup_iter_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
102 {
103 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *curr = (struct cgroup_subsys_state *)v;
104 	struct cgroup_iter_priv *p = seq->private;
105 
106 	++*pos;
107 	if (p->terminate)
108 		return NULL;
109 
110 	if (p->order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_PRE)
111 		return css_next_descendant_pre(curr, p->start_css);
112 	else if (p->order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_POST)
113 		return css_next_descendant_post(curr, p->start_css);
114 	else if (p->order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_ANCESTORS_UP)
115 		return curr->parent;
116 	else  /* BPF_CGROUP_ITER_SELF_ONLY */
117 		return NULL;
118 }
119 
__cgroup_iter_seq_show(struct seq_file * seq,struct cgroup_subsys_state * css,int in_stop)120 static int __cgroup_iter_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq,
121 				  struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, int in_stop)
122 {
123 	struct cgroup_iter_priv *p = seq->private;
124 	struct bpf_iter__cgroup ctx;
125 	struct bpf_iter_meta meta;
126 	struct bpf_prog *prog;
127 	int ret = 0;
128 
129 	/* cgroup is dead, skip this element */
130 	if (css && cgroup_is_dead(css->cgroup))
131 		return 0;
132 
133 	ctx.meta = &meta;
134 	ctx.cgroup = css ? css->cgroup : NULL;
135 	meta.seq = seq;
136 	prog = bpf_iter_get_info(&meta, in_stop);
137 	if (prog)
138 		ret = bpf_iter_run_prog(prog, &ctx);
139 
140 	/* if prog returns > 0, terminate after this element. */
141 	if (ret != 0)
142 		p->terminate = true;
143 
144 	return 0;
145 }
146 
cgroup_iter_seq_show(struct seq_file * seq,void * v)147 static int cgroup_iter_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
148 {
149 	return __cgroup_iter_seq_show(seq, (struct cgroup_subsys_state *)v,
150 				      false);
151 }
152 
153 static const struct seq_operations cgroup_iter_seq_ops = {
154 	.start  = cgroup_iter_seq_start,
155 	.next   = cgroup_iter_seq_next,
156 	.stop   = cgroup_iter_seq_stop,
157 	.show   = cgroup_iter_seq_show,
158 };
159 
BTF_ID_LIST_GLOBAL_SINGLE(bpf_cgroup_btf_id,struct,cgroup)160 BTF_ID_LIST_GLOBAL_SINGLE(bpf_cgroup_btf_id, struct, cgroup)
161 
162 static int cgroup_iter_seq_init(void *priv, struct bpf_iter_aux_info *aux)
163 {
164 	struct cgroup_iter_priv *p = (struct cgroup_iter_priv *)priv;
165 	struct cgroup *cgrp = aux->cgroup.start;
166 
167 	/* bpf_iter_attach_cgroup() has already acquired an extra reference
168 	 * for the start cgroup, but the reference may be released after
169 	 * cgroup_iter_seq_init(), so acquire another reference for the
170 	 * start cgroup.
171 	 */
172 	p->start_css = &cgrp->self;
173 	css_get(p->start_css);
174 	p->terminate = false;
175 	p->visited_all = false;
176 	p->order = aux->cgroup.order;
177 	return 0;
178 }
179 
cgroup_iter_seq_fini(void * priv)180 static void cgroup_iter_seq_fini(void *priv)
181 {
182 	struct cgroup_iter_priv *p = (struct cgroup_iter_priv *)priv;
183 
184 	css_put(p->start_css);
185 }
186 
187 static const struct bpf_iter_seq_info cgroup_iter_seq_info = {
188 	.seq_ops		= &cgroup_iter_seq_ops,
189 	.init_seq_private	= cgroup_iter_seq_init,
190 	.fini_seq_private	= cgroup_iter_seq_fini,
191 	.seq_priv_size		= sizeof(struct cgroup_iter_priv),
192 };
193 
bpf_iter_attach_cgroup(struct bpf_prog * prog,union bpf_iter_link_info * linfo,struct bpf_iter_aux_info * aux)194 static int bpf_iter_attach_cgroup(struct bpf_prog *prog,
195 				  union bpf_iter_link_info *linfo,
196 				  struct bpf_iter_aux_info *aux)
197 {
198 	int fd = linfo->cgroup.cgroup_fd;
199 	u64 id = linfo->cgroup.cgroup_id;
200 	int order = linfo->cgroup.order;
201 	struct cgroup *cgrp;
202 
203 	if (order != BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_PRE &&
204 	    order != BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_POST &&
205 	    order != BPF_CGROUP_ITER_ANCESTORS_UP &&
206 	    order != BPF_CGROUP_ITER_SELF_ONLY)
207 		return -EINVAL;
208 
209 	if (fd && id)
210 		return -EINVAL;
211 
212 	if (fd)
213 		cgrp = cgroup_v1v2_get_from_fd(fd);
214 	else if (id)
215 		cgrp = cgroup_get_from_id(id);
216 	else /* walk the entire hierarchy by default. */
217 		cgrp = cgroup_get_from_path("/");
218 
219 	if (IS_ERR(cgrp))
220 		return PTR_ERR(cgrp);
221 
222 	aux->cgroup.start = cgrp;
223 	aux->cgroup.order = order;
224 	return 0;
225 }
226 
bpf_iter_detach_cgroup(struct bpf_iter_aux_info * aux)227 static void bpf_iter_detach_cgroup(struct bpf_iter_aux_info *aux)
228 {
229 	cgroup_put(aux->cgroup.start);
230 }
231 
bpf_iter_cgroup_show_fdinfo(const struct bpf_iter_aux_info * aux,struct seq_file * seq)232 static void bpf_iter_cgroup_show_fdinfo(const struct bpf_iter_aux_info *aux,
233 					struct seq_file *seq)
234 {
235 	char *buf;
236 
237 	buf = kzalloc(PATH_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
238 	if (!buf) {
239 		seq_puts(seq, "cgroup_path:\t<unknown>\n");
240 		goto show_order;
241 	}
242 
243 	/* If cgroup_path_ns() fails, buf will be an empty string, cgroup_path
244 	 * will print nothing.
245 	 *
246 	 * Path is in the calling process's cgroup namespace.
247 	 */
248 	cgroup_path_ns(aux->cgroup.start, buf, PATH_MAX,
249 		       current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns);
250 	seq_printf(seq, "cgroup_path:\t%s\n", buf);
251 	kfree(buf);
252 
253 show_order:
254 	if (aux->cgroup.order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_PRE)
255 		seq_puts(seq, "order: descendants_pre\n");
256 	else if (aux->cgroup.order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_POST)
257 		seq_puts(seq, "order: descendants_post\n");
258 	else if (aux->cgroup.order == BPF_CGROUP_ITER_ANCESTORS_UP)
259 		seq_puts(seq, "order: ancestors_up\n");
260 	else /* BPF_CGROUP_ITER_SELF_ONLY */
261 		seq_puts(seq, "order: self_only\n");
262 }
263 
bpf_iter_cgroup_fill_link_info(const struct bpf_iter_aux_info * aux,struct bpf_link_info * info)264 static int bpf_iter_cgroup_fill_link_info(const struct bpf_iter_aux_info *aux,
265 					  struct bpf_link_info *info)
266 {
267 	info->iter.cgroup.order = aux->cgroup.order;
268 	info->iter.cgroup.cgroup_id = cgroup_id(aux->cgroup.start);
269 	return 0;
270 }
271 
272 DEFINE_BPF_ITER_FUNC(cgroup, struct bpf_iter_meta *meta,
273 		     struct cgroup *cgroup)
274 
275 static struct bpf_iter_reg bpf_cgroup_reg_info = {
276 	.target			= "cgroup",
277 	.feature		= BPF_ITER_RESCHED,
278 	.attach_target		= bpf_iter_attach_cgroup,
279 	.detach_target		= bpf_iter_detach_cgroup,
280 	.show_fdinfo		= bpf_iter_cgroup_show_fdinfo,
281 	.fill_link_info		= bpf_iter_cgroup_fill_link_info,
282 	.ctx_arg_info_size	= 1,
283 	.ctx_arg_info		= {
284 		{ offsetof(struct bpf_iter__cgroup, cgroup),
285 		  PTR_TO_BTF_ID_OR_NULL | PTR_TRUSTED },
286 	},
287 	.seq_info		= &cgroup_iter_seq_info,
288 };
289 
bpf_cgroup_iter_init(void)290 static int __init bpf_cgroup_iter_init(void)
291 {
292 	bpf_cgroup_reg_info.ctx_arg_info[0].btf_id = bpf_cgroup_btf_id[0];
293 	return bpf_iter_reg_target(&bpf_cgroup_reg_info);
294 }
295 
296 late_initcall(bpf_cgroup_iter_init);
297 
298 struct bpf_iter_css {
299 	__u64 __opaque[3];
300 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
301 
302 struct bpf_iter_css_kern {
303 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *start;
304 	struct cgroup_subsys_state *pos;
305 	unsigned int flags;
306 } __attribute__((aligned(8)));
307 
308 __bpf_kfunc_start_defs();
309 
bpf_iter_css_new(struct bpf_iter_css * it,struct cgroup_subsys_state * start,unsigned int flags)310 __bpf_kfunc int bpf_iter_css_new(struct bpf_iter_css *it,
311 		struct cgroup_subsys_state *start, unsigned int flags)
312 {
313 	struct bpf_iter_css_kern *kit = (void *)it;
314 
315 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bpf_iter_css_kern) > sizeof(struct bpf_iter_css));
316 	BUILD_BUG_ON(__alignof__(struct bpf_iter_css_kern) != __alignof__(struct bpf_iter_css));
317 
318 	kit->start = NULL;
319 	switch (flags) {
320 	case BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_PRE:
321 	case BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_POST:
322 	case BPF_CGROUP_ITER_ANCESTORS_UP:
323 		break;
324 	default:
325 		return -EINVAL;
326 	}
327 
328 	kit->start = start;
329 	kit->pos = NULL;
330 	kit->flags = flags;
331 	return 0;
332 }
333 
bpf_iter_css_next(struct bpf_iter_css * it)334 __bpf_kfunc struct cgroup_subsys_state *bpf_iter_css_next(struct bpf_iter_css *it)
335 {
336 	struct bpf_iter_css_kern *kit = (void *)it;
337 
338 	if (!kit->start)
339 		return NULL;
340 
341 	switch (kit->flags) {
342 	case BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_PRE:
343 		kit->pos = css_next_descendant_pre(kit->pos, kit->start);
344 		break;
345 	case BPF_CGROUP_ITER_DESCENDANTS_POST:
346 		kit->pos = css_next_descendant_post(kit->pos, kit->start);
347 		break;
348 	case BPF_CGROUP_ITER_ANCESTORS_UP:
349 		kit->pos = kit->pos ? kit->pos->parent : kit->start;
350 	}
351 
352 	return kit->pos;
353 }
354 
bpf_iter_css_destroy(struct bpf_iter_css * it)355 __bpf_kfunc void bpf_iter_css_destroy(struct bpf_iter_css *it)
356 {
357 }
358 
359 __bpf_kfunc_end_defs();
360