xref: /linux/rust/kernel/debugfs/file_ops.rs (revision ae3bf7612220ac8a8020a285142e0d918543a408)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 // Copyright (C) 2025 Google LLC.
3 
4 use super::{
5     BinaryReader,
6     BinaryWriter,
7     Reader,
8     Writer, //
9 };
10 
11 use crate::{
12     debugfs::callback_adapters::Adapter,
13     fmt,
14     fs::file,
15     prelude::*,
16     seq_file::SeqFile,
17     seq_print,
18     uaccess::UserSlice, //
19 };
20 
21 use core::marker::PhantomData;
22 
23 #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
24 use core::ops::Deref;
25 
26 /// # Invariant
27 ///
28 /// `FileOps<T>` will always contain an `operations` which is safe to use for a file backed
29 /// off an inode which has a pointer to a `T` in its private data that is safe to convert
30 /// into a reference.
31 pub(super) struct FileOps<T> {
32     #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
33     operations: bindings::file_operations,
34     #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
35     mode: u16,
36     _phantom: PhantomData<T>,
37 }
38 
39 impl<T> FileOps<T> {
40     /// # Safety
41     ///
42     /// The caller asserts that the provided `operations` is safe to use for a file whose
43     /// inode has a pointer to `T` in its private data that is safe to convert into a reference.
44     const unsafe fn new(operations: bindings::file_operations, mode: u16) -> Self {
45         Self {
46             #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
47             operations,
48             #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
49             mode,
50             _phantom: PhantomData,
51         }
52     }
53 
54     #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
55     pub(crate) const fn mode(&self) -> u16 {
56         self.mode
57     }
58 }
59 
60 impl<T: Adapter> FileOps<T> {
61     pub(super) const fn adapt(&self) -> &FileOps<T::Inner> {
62         // SAFETY: `Adapter` asserts that `T` can be legally cast to `T::Inner`.
63         unsafe { core::mem::transmute(self) }
64     }
65 }
66 
67 #[cfg(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS)]
68 impl<T> Deref for FileOps<T> {
69     type Target = bindings::file_operations;
70 
71     fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
72         &self.operations
73     }
74 }
75 
76 struct WriterAdapter<T>(T);
77 
78 impl<'a, T: Writer> fmt::Display for WriterAdapter<&'a T> {
79     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
80         self.0.write(f)
81     }
82 }
83 
84 /// Implements `open` for `file_operations` via `single_open` to fill out a `seq_file`.
85 ///
86 /// # Safety
87 ///
88 /// * `inode`'s private pointer must point to a value of type `T` which will outlive the `inode`
89 ///   and will not have any unique references alias it during the call.
90 /// * `file` must point to a live, not-yet-initialized file object.
91 unsafe extern "C" fn writer_open<T: Writer + Sync>(
92     inode: *mut bindings::inode,
93     file: *mut bindings::file,
94 ) -> c_int {
95     // SAFETY: The caller ensures that `inode` is a valid pointer.
96     let data = unsafe { (*inode).i_private };
97     // SAFETY:
98     // * `file` is acceptable by caller precondition.
99     // * `print_act` will be called on a `seq_file` with private data set to the third argument,
100     //   so we meet its safety requirements.
101     // * The `data` pointer passed in the third argument is a valid `T` pointer that outlives
102     //   this call by caller preconditions.
103     unsafe { bindings::single_open(file, Some(writer_act::<T>), data) }
104 }
105 
106 /// Prints private data stashed in a seq_file to that seq file.
107 ///
108 /// # Safety
109 ///
110 /// `seq` must point to a live `seq_file` whose private data is a valid pointer to a `T` which may
111 /// not have any unique references alias it during the call.
112 unsafe extern "C" fn writer_act<T: Writer + Sync>(
113     seq: *mut bindings::seq_file,
114     _: *mut c_void,
115 ) -> c_int {
116     // SAFETY: By caller precondition, this pointer is valid pointer to a `T`, and
117     // there are not and will not be any unique references until we are done.
118     let data = unsafe { &*((*seq).private.cast::<T>()) };
119     // SAFETY: By caller precondition, `seq_file` points to a live `seq_file`, so we can lift
120     // it.
121     let seq_file = unsafe { SeqFile::from_raw(seq) };
122     seq_print!(seq_file, "{}", WriterAdapter(data));
123     0
124 }
125 
126 // Work around lack of generic const items.
127 pub(crate) trait ReadFile<T> {
128     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T>;
129 }
130 
131 impl<T: Writer + Sync> ReadFile<T> for T {
132     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T> = {
133         let operations = bindings::file_operations {
134             read: Some(bindings::seq_read),
135             llseek: Some(bindings::seq_lseek),
136             release: Some(bindings::single_release),
137             open: Some(writer_open::<Self>),
138             ..pin_init::zeroed()
139         };
140         // SAFETY: `operations` is all stock `seq_file` implementations except for `writer_open`.
141         // `open`'s only requirement beyond what is provided to all open functions is that the
142         // inode's data pointer must point to a `T` that will outlive it, which matches the
143         // `FileOps` requirements.
144         unsafe { FileOps::new(operations, 0o400) }
145     };
146 }
147 
148 fn read<T: Reader + Sync>(data: &T, buf: *const c_char, count: usize) -> isize {
149     let mut reader = UserSlice::new(UserPtr::from_ptr(buf as *mut c_void), count).reader();
150 
151     if let Err(e) = data.read_from_slice(&mut reader) {
152         return e.to_errno() as isize;
153     }
154 
155     count as isize
156 }
157 
158 /// # Safety
159 ///
160 /// `file` must be a valid pointer to a `file` struct.
161 /// The `private_data` of the file must contain a valid pointer to a `seq_file` whose
162 /// `private` data in turn points to a `T` that implements `Reader`.
163 /// `buf` must be a valid user-space buffer.
164 pub(crate) unsafe extern "C" fn write<T: Reader + Sync>(
165     file: *mut bindings::file,
166     buf: *const c_char,
167     count: usize,
168     _ppos: *mut bindings::loff_t,
169 ) -> isize {
170     // SAFETY: The file was opened with `single_open`, which sets `private_data` to a `seq_file`.
171     let seq = unsafe { &mut *((*file).private_data.cast::<bindings::seq_file>()) };
172     // SAFETY: By caller precondition, this pointer is live and points to a value of type `T`.
173     let data = unsafe { &*(seq.private as *const T) };
174     read(data, buf, count)
175 }
176 
177 // A trait to get the file operations for a type.
178 pub(crate) trait ReadWriteFile<T> {
179     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T>;
180 }
181 
182 impl<T: Writer + Reader + Sync> ReadWriteFile<T> for T {
183     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T> = {
184         let operations = bindings::file_operations {
185             open: Some(writer_open::<T>),
186             read: Some(bindings::seq_read),
187             write: Some(write::<T>),
188             llseek: Some(bindings::seq_lseek),
189             release: Some(bindings::single_release),
190             ..pin_init::zeroed()
191         };
192         // SAFETY: `operations` is all stock `seq_file` implementations except for `writer_open`
193         // and `write`.
194         // `writer_open`'s only requirement beyond what is provided to all open functions is that
195         // the inode's data pointer must point to a `T` that will outlive it, which matches the
196         // `FileOps` requirements.
197         // `write` only requires that the file's private data pointer points to `seq_file`
198         // which points to a `T` that will outlive it, which matches what `writer_open`
199         // provides.
200         unsafe { FileOps::new(operations, 0o600) }
201     };
202 }
203 
204 /// # Safety
205 ///
206 /// `inode` must be a valid pointer to an `inode` struct.
207 /// `file` must be a valid pointer to a `file` struct.
208 unsafe extern "C" fn write_only_open(
209     inode: *mut bindings::inode,
210     file: *mut bindings::file,
211 ) -> c_int {
212     // SAFETY: The caller ensures that `inode` and `file` are valid pointers.
213     unsafe { (*file).private_data = (*inode).i_private };
214     0
215 }
216 
217 /// # Safety
218 ///
219 /// * `file` must be a valid pointer to a `file` struct.
220 /// * The `private_data` of the file must contain a valid pointer to a `T` that implements
221 ///   `Reader`.
222 /// * `buf` must be a valid user-space buffer.
223 pub(crate) unsafe extern "C" fn write_only_write<T: Reader + Sync>(
224     file: *mut bindings::file,
225     buf: *const c_char,
226     count: usize,
227     _ppos: *mut bindings::loff_t,
228 ) -> isize {
229     // SAFETY: The caller ensures that `file` is a valid pointer and that `private_data` holds a
230     // valid pointer to `T`.
231     let data = unsafe { &*((*file).private_data as *const T) };
232     read(data, buf, count)
233 }
234 
235 pub(crate) trait WriteFile<T> {
236     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T>;
237 }
238 
239 impl<T: Reader + Sync> WriteFile<T> for T {
240     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T> = {
241         let operations = bindings::file_operations {
242             open: Some(write_only_open),
243             write: Some(write_only_write::<T>),
244             llseek: Some(bindings::noop_llseek),
245             ..pin_init::zeroed()
246         };
247         // SAFETY:
248         // * `write_only_open` populates the file private data with the inode private data
249         // * `write_only_write`'s only requirement is that the private data of the file point to
250         //   a `T` and be legal to convert to a shared reference, which `write_only_open`
251         //   satisfies.
252         unsafe { FileOps::new(operations, 0o200) }
253     };
254 }
255 
256 extern "C" fn blob_read<T: BinaryWriter>(
257     file: *mut bindings::file,
258     buf: *mut c_char,
259     count: usize,
260     ppos: *mut bindings::loff_t,
261 ) -> isize {
262     // SAFETY:
263     // - `file` is a valid pointer to a `struct file`.
264     // - The type invariant of `FileOps` guarantees that `private_data` points to a valid `T`.
265     let this = unsafe { &*((*file).private_data.cast::<T>()) };
266 
267     // SAFETY:
268     // - `ppos` is a valid `file::Offset` pointer.
269     // - We have exclusive access to `ppos`.
270     let pos: &mut file::Offset = unsafe { &mut *ppos };
271 
272     let mut writer = UserSlice::new(UserPtr::from_ptr(buf.cast()), count).writer();
273 
274     let ret = || -> Result<isize> {
275         let written = this.write_to_slice(&mut writer, pos)?;
276 
277         Ok(written.try_into()?)
278     }();
279 
280     match ret {
281         Ok(n) => n,
282         Err(e) => e.to_errno() as isize,
283     }
284 }
285 
286 /// Representation of [`FileOps`] for read only binary files.
287 pub(crate) trait BinaryReadFile<T> {
288     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T>;
289 }
290 
291 impl<T: BinaryWriter + Sync> BinaryReadFile<T> for T {
292     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T> = {
293         let operations = bindings::file_operations {
294             read: Some(blob_read::<T>),
295             llseek: Some(bindings::default_llseek),
296             open: Some(bindings::simple_open),
297             ..pin_init::zeroed()
298         };
299 
300         // SAFETY:
301         // - The private data of `struct inode` does always contain a pointer to a valid `T`.
302         // - `simple_open()` stores the `struct inode`'s private data in the private data of the
303         //   corresponding `struct file`.
304         // - `blob_read()` re-creates a reference to `T` from the `struct file`'s private data.
305         // - `default_llseek()` does not access the `struct file`'s private data.
306         unsafe { FileOps::new(operations, 0o400) }
307     };
308 }
309 
310 extern "C" fn blob_write<T: BinaryReader>(
311     file: *mut bindings::file,
312     buf: *const c_char,
313     count: usize,
314     ppos: *mut bindings::loff_t,
315 ) -> isize {
316     // SAFETY:
317     // - `file` is a valid pointer to a `struct file`.
318     // - The type invariant of `FileOps` guarantees that `private_data` points to a valid `T`.
319     let this = unsafe { &*((*file).private_data.cast::<T>()) };
320 
321     // SAFETY:
322     // - `ppos` is a valid `file::Offset` pointer.
323     // - We have exclusive access to `ppos`.
324     let pos: &mut file::Offset = unsafe { &mut *ppos };
325 
326     let mut reader = UserSlice::new(UserPtr::from_ptr(buf.cast_mut().cast()), count).reader();
327 
328     let ret = || -> Result<isize> {
329         let read = this.read_from_slice(&mut reader, pos)?;
330 
331         Ok(read.try_into()?)
332     }();
333 
334     match ret {
335         Ok(n) => n,
336         Err(e) => e.to_errno() as isize,
337     }
338 }
339 
340 /// Representation of [`FileOps`] for write only binary files.
341 pub(crate) trait BinaryWriteFile<T> {
342     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T>;
343 }
344 
345 impl<T: BinaryReader + Sync> BinaryWriteFile<T> for T {
346     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T> = {
347         let operations = bindings::file_operations {
348             write: Some(blob_write::<T>),
349             llseek: Some(bindings::default_llseek),
350             open: Some(bindings::simple_open),
351             ..pin_init::zeroed()
352         };
353 
354         // SAFETY:
355         // - The private data of `struct inode` does always contain a pointer to a valid `T`.
356         // - `simple_open()` stores the `struct inode`'s private data in the private data of the
357         //   corresponding `struct file`.
358         // - `blob_write()` re-creates a reference to `T` from the `struct file`'s private data.
359         // - `default_llseek()` does not access the `struct file`'s private data.
360         unsafe { FileOps::new(operations, 0o200) }
361     };
362 }
363 
364 /// Representation of [`FileOps`] for read/write binary files.
365 pub(crate) trait BinaryReadWriteFile<T> {
366     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T>;
367 }
368 
369 impl<T: BinaryWriter + BinaryReader + Sync> BinaryReadWriteFile<T> for T {
370     const FILE_OPS: FileOps<T> = {
371         let operations = bindings::file_operations {
372             read: Some(blob_read::<T>),
373             write: Some(blob_write::<T>),
374             llseek: Some(bindings::default_llseek),
375             open: Some(bindings::simple_open),
376             ..pin_init::zeroed()
377         };
378 
379         // SAFETY:
380         // - The private data of `struct inode` does always contain a pointer to a valid `T`.
381         // - `simple_open()` stores the `struct inode`'s private data in the private data of the
382         //   corresponding `struct file`.
383         // - `blob_read()` re-creates a reference to `T` from the `struct file`'s private data.
384         // - `blob_write()` re-creates a reference to `T` from the `struct file`'s private data.
385         // - `default_llseek()` does not access the `struct file`'s private data.
386         unsafe { FileOps::new(operations, 0o600) }
387     };
388 }
389