xref: /linux/block/fops.c (revision a7d8eaee7fafe2e2c58aef9579bdef778c144029)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
4  * Copyright (C) 2001  Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
5  * Copyright (C) 2016 - 2020 Christoph Hellwig
6  */
7 #include <linux/init.h>
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
10 #include <linux/blk-integrity.h>
11 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
12 #include <linux/mpage.h>
13 #include <linux/uio.h>
14 #include <linux/namei.h>
15 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
16 #include <linux/falloc.h>
17 #include <linux/suspend.h>
18 #include <linux/fs.h>
19 #include <linux/iomap.h>
20 #include <linux/module.h>
21 #include <linux/io_uring/cmd.h>
22 #include "blk.h"
23 
24 static inline struct inode *bdev_file_inode(struct file *file)
25 {
26 	return file->f_mapping->host;
27 }
28 
29 static blk_opf_t dio_bio_write_op(struct kiocb *iocb)
30 {
31 	blk_opf_t opf = REQ_OP_WRITE | REQ_SYNC | REQ_IDLE;
32 
33 	/* avoid the need for a I/O completion work item */
34 	if (iocb_is_dsync(iocb))
35 		opf |= REQ_FUA;
36 	return opf;
37 }
38 
39 static bool blkdev_dio_invalid(struct block_device *bdev, struct kiocb *iocb,
40 				struct iov_iter *iter)
41 {
42 	return (iocb->ki_pos | iov_iter_count(iter)) &
43 			(bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1);
44 }
45 
46 static inline int blkdev_iov_iter_get_pages(struct bio *bio,
47 		struct iov_iter *iter, struct block_device *bdev)
48 {
49 	return bio_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter,
50 			bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1);
51 }
52 
53 #define DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS 4
54 
55 static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(struct kiocb *iocb,
56 		struct iov_iter *iter, struct block_device *bdev,
57 		unsigned int nr_pages)
58 {
59 	struct bio_vec inline_vecs[DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS], *vecs;
60 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
61 	bool should_dirty = false;
62 	struct bio bio;
63 	ssize_t ret;
64 
65 	if (nr_pages <= DIO_INLINE_BIO_VECS)
66 		vecs = inline_vecs;
67 	else {
68 		vecs = kmalloc_objs(struct bio_vec, nr_pages);
69 		if (!vecs)
70 			return -ENOMEM;
71 	}
72 
73 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ) {
74 		bio_init(&bio, bdev, vecs, nr_pages, REQ_OP_READ);
75 		if (user_backed_iter(iter))
76 			should_dirty = true;
77 	} else {
78 		bio_init(&bio, bdev, vecs, nr_pages, dio_bio_write_op(iocb));
79 	}
80 	bio.bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
81 	bio.bi_write_hint = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
82 	bio.bi_write_stream = iocb->ki_write_stream;
83 	bio.bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio;
84 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC)
85 		bio.bi_opf |= REQ_ATOMIC;
86 
87 	ret = blkdev_iov_iter_get_pages(&bio, iter, bdev);
88 	if (unlikely(ret))
89 		goto out;
90 	ret = bio.bi_iter.bi_size;
91 
92 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE)
93 		task_io_account_write(ret);
94 
95 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
96 		bio.bi_opf |= REQ_NOWAIT;
97 
98 	submit_bio_wait(&bio);
99 
100 	bio_release_pages(&bio, should_dirty);
101 	if (unlikely(bio.bi_status))
102 		ret = blk_status_to_errno(bio.bi_status);
103 
104 out:
105 	if (vecs != inline_vecs)
106 		kfree(vecs);
107 
108 	bio_uninit(&bio);
109 
110 	return ret;
111 }
112 
113 enum {
114 	DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY	= 1,
115 	DIO_IS_SYNC		= 2,
116 };
117 
118 struct blkdev_dio {
119 	union {
120 		struct kiocb		*iocb;
121 		struct task_struct	*waiter;
122 	};
123 	size_t			size;
124 	atomic_t		ref;
125 	unsigned int		flags;
126 	struct bio		bio ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
127 };
128 
129 static struct bio_set blkdev_dio_pool;
130 
131 static void blkdev_bio_end_io(struct bio *bio)
132 {
133 	struct blkdev_dio *dio = bio->bi_private;
134 	bool should_dirty = dio->flags & DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY;
135 	bool is_sync = dio->flags & DIO_IS_SYNC;
136 
137 	if (bio->bi_status && !dio->bio.bi_status)
138 		dio->bio.bi_status = bio->bi_status;
139 
140 	if (bio_integrity(bio))
141 		bio_integrity_unmap_user(bio);
142 
143 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&dio->ref)) {
144 		if (!is_sync) {
145 			struct kiocb *iocb = dio->iocb;
146 			ssize_t ret;
147 
148 			WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, NULL);
149 
150 			if (likely(!dio->bio.bi_status)) {
151 				ret = dio->size;
152 				iocb->ki_pos += ret;
153 			} else {
154 				ret = blk_status_to_errno(dio->bio.bi_status);
155 			}
156 
157 			dio->iocb->ki_complete(iocb, ret);
158 			bio_put(&dio->bio);
159 		} else {
160 			struct task_struct *waiter = dio->waiter;
161 
162 			WRITE_ONCE(dio->waiter, NULL);
163 			blk_wake_io_task(waiter);
164 		}
165 	}
166 
167 	if (should_dirty) {
168 		bio_check_pages_dirty(bio);
169 	} else {
170 		bio_release_pages(bio, false);
171 		bio_put(bio);
172 	}
173 }
174 
175 static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
176 		struct block_device *bdev, unsigned int nr_pages)
177 {
178 	struct blk_plug plug;
179 	struct blkdev_dio *dio;
180 	struct bio *bio;
181 	bool is_read = (iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ), is_sync;
182 	blk_opf_t opf = is_read ? REQ_OP_READ : dio_bio_write_op(iocb);
183 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
184 	int ret = 0;
185 
186 	bio = bio_alloc_bioset(bdev, nr_pages, opf, GFP_KERNEL,
187 			       &blkdev_dio_pool);
188 	dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio);
189 	atomic_set(&dio->ref, 1);
190 	/*
191 	 * Grab an extra reference to ensure the dio structure which is embedded
192 	 * into the first bio stays around.
193 	 */
194 	bio_get(bio);
195 
196 	is_sync = is_sync_kiocb(iocb);
197 	if (is_sync) {
198 		dio->flags = DIO_IS_SYNC;
199 		dio->waiter = current;
200 	} else {
201 		dio->flags = 0;
202 		dio->iocb = iocb;
203 	}
204 
205 	dio->size = 0;
206 	if (is_read && user_backed_iter(iter))
207 		dio->flags |= DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY;
208 
209 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
210 
211 	for (;;) {
212 		bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
213 		bio->bi_write_hint = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
214 		bio->bi_write_stream = iocb->ki_write_stream;
215 		bio->bi_private = dio;
216 		bio->bi_end_io = blkdev_bio_end_io;
217 		bio->bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio;
218 
219 		ret = blkdev_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter, bdev);
220 		if (unlikely(ret)) {
221 			bio_endio_status(bio, BLK_STS_IOERR);
222 			break;
223 		}
224 		if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT) {
225 			/*
226 			 * This is nonblocking IO, and we need to allocate
227 			 * another bio if we have data left to map. As we
228 			 * cannot guarantee that one of the sub bios will not
229 			 * fail getting issued FOR NOWAIT and as error results
230 			 * are coalesced across all of them, be safe and ask for
231 			 * a retry of this from blocking context.
232 			 */
233 			if (unlikely(iov_iter_count(iter))) {
234 				ret = -EAGAIN;
235 				goto fail;
236 			}
237 			bio->bi_opf |= REQ_NOWAIT;
238 		}
239 		if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HAS_METADATA) {
240 			ret = bio_integrity_map_iter(bio, iocb->private);
241 			if (unlikely(ret))
242 				goto fail;
243 		}
244 
245 		if (is_read) {
246 			if (dio->flags & DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY)
247 				bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
248 		} else {
249 			task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
250 		}
251 		dio->size += bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
252 		pos += bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
253 
254 		nr_pages = bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS);
255 		if (!nr_pages) {
256 			submit_bio(bio);
257 			break;
258 		}
259 		atomic_inc(&dio->ref);
260 		submit_bio(bio);
261 		bio = bio_alloc(bdev, nr_pages, opf, GFP_KERNEL);
262 	}
263 
264 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
265 
266 	if (!is_sync)
267 		return -EIOCBQUEUED;
268 
269 	for (;;) {
270 		set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
271 		if (!READ_ONCE(dio->waiter))
272 			break;
273 		blk_io_schedule();
274 	}
275 	__set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
276 
277 	if (!ret)
278 		ret = blk_status_to_errno(dio->bio.bi_status);
279 	if (likely(!ret))
280 		ret = dio->size;
281 
282 	bio_put(&dio->bio);
283 	return ret;
284 fail:
285 	bio_release_pages(bio, false);
286 	bio_clear_flag(bio, BIO_REFFED);
287 	bio_put(bio);
288 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
289 	return ret;
290 }
291 
292 static void blkdev_bio_end_io_async(struct bio *bio)
293 {
294 	struct blkdev_dio *dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio);
295 	struct kiocb *iocb = dio->iocb;
296 	ssize_t ret;
297 
298 	WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, NULL);
299 
300 	if (likely(!bio->bi_status)) {
301 		ret = dio->size;
302 		iocb->ki_pos += ret;
303 	} else {
304 		ret = blk_status_to_errno(bio->bi_status);
305 	}
306 
307 	if (bio_integrity(bio))
308 		bio_integrity_unmap_user(bio);
309 
310 	iocb->ki_complete(iocb, ret);
311 
312 	if (dio->flags & DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY) {
313 		bio_check_pages_dirty(bio);
314 	} else {
315 		bio_release_pages(bio, false);
316 		bio_put(bio);
317 	}
318 }
319 
320 static ssize_t __blkdev_direct_IO_async(struct kiocb *iocb,
321 					struct iov_iter *iter,
322 					struct block_device *bdev,
323 					unsigned int nr_pages)
324 {
325 	bool is_read = iov_iter_rw(iter) == READ;
326 	blk_opf_t opf = is_read ? REQ_OP_READ : dio_bio_write_op(iocb);
327 	struct blkdev_dio *dio;
328 	struct bio *bio;
329 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
330 	int ret = 0;
331 
332 	bio = bio_alloc_bioset(bdev, nr_pages, opf, GFP_KERNEL,
333 			       &blkdev_dio_pool);
334 	dio = container_of(bio, struct blkdev_dio, bio);
335 	dio->flags = 0;
336 	dio->iocb = iocb;
337 	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = pos >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
338 	bio->bi_write_hint = file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
339 	bio->bi_write_stream = iocb->ki_write_stream;
340 	bio->bi_end_io = blkdev_bio_end_io_async;
341 	bio->bi_ioprio = iocb->ki_ioprio;
342 
343 	if (iov_iter_is_bvec(iter)) {
344 		/*
345 		 * Users don't rely on the iterator being in any particular
346 		 * state for async I/O returning -EIOCBQUEUED, hence we can
347 		 * avoid expensive iov_iter_advance(). Bypass
348 		 * bio_iov_iter_get_pages() and set the bvec directly.
349 		 */
350 		bio_iov_bvec_set(bio, iter);
351 	} else {
352 		ret = blkdev_iov_iter_get_pages(bio, iter, bdev);
353 		if (unlikely(ret))
354 			goto out_bio_put;
355 	}
356 	dio->size = bio->bi_iter.bi_size;
357 
358 	if (is_read) {
359 		if (user_backed_iter(iter)) {
360 			dio->flags |= DIO_SHOULD_DIRTY;
361 			bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
362 		}
363 	} else {
364 		task_io_account_write(bio->bi_iter.bi_size);
365 	}
366 
367 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HAS_METADATA) {
368 		ret = bio_integrity_map_iter(bio, iocb->private);
369 		WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, NULL);
370 		if (unlikely(ret))
371 			goto out_bio_put;
372 	}
373 
374 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC)
375 		bio->bi_opf |= REQ_ATOMIC;
376 
377 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
378 		bio->bi_opf |= REQ_NOWAIT;
379 
380 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HIPRI) {
381 		bio->bi_opf |= REQ_POLLED;
382 		submit_bio(bio);
383 		WRITE_ONCE(iocb->private, bio);
384 	} else {
385 		submit_bio(bio);
386 	}
387 	return -EIOCBQUEUED;
388 
389 out_bio_put:
390 	bio_put(bio);
391 	return ret;
392 }
393 
394 static ssize_t blkdev_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
395 {
396 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host);
397 	unsigned int nr_pages;
398 
399 	if (!iov_iter_count(iter))
400 		return 0;
401 
402 	if (blkdev_dio_invalid(bdev, iocb, iter))
403 		return -EINVAL;
404 
405 	if (iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE) {
406 		u16 max_write_streams = bdev_max_write_streams(bdev);
407 
408 		if (iocb->ki_write_stream) {
409 			if (iocb->ki_write_stream > max_write_streams)
410 				return -EINVAL;
411 		} else if (max_write_streams) {
412 			enum rw_hint write_hint =
413 				file_inode(iocb->ki_filp)->i_write_hint;
414 
415 			/*
416 			 * Just use the write hint as write stream for block
417 			 * device writes.  This assumes no file system is
418 			 * mounted that would use the streams differently.
419 			 */
420 			if (write_hint <= max_write_streams)
421 				iocb->ki_write_stream = write_hint;
422 		}
423 	}
424 
425 	nr_pages = bio_iov_vecs_to_alloc(iter, BIO_MAX_VECS + 1);
426 	if (likely(nr_pages <= BIO_MAX_VECS &&
427 		   !(iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_HAS_METADATA))) {
428 		if (is_sync_kiocb(iocb))
429 			return __blkdev_direct_IO_simple(iocb, iter, bdev,
430 							nr_pages);
431 		return __blkdev_direct_IO_async(iocb, iter, bdev, nr_pages);
432 	} else if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC) {
433 		return -EINVAL;
434 	}
435 	return __blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, iter, bdev, bio_max_segs(nr_pages));
436 }
437 
438 static int blkdev_iomap_begin(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset, loff_t length,
439 		unsigned int flags, struct iomap *iomap, struct iomap *srcmap)
440 {
441 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
442 	loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
443 
444 	if (offset >= isize)
445 		return -EIO;
446 
447 	iomap->bdev = bdev;
448 	iomap->offset = ALIGN_DOWN(offset, bdev_logical_block_size(bdev));
449 	iomap->type = IOMAP_MAPPED;
450 	iomap->addr = iomap->offset;
451 	iomap->length = isize - iomap->offset;
452 	iomap->flags |= IOMAP_F_BUFFER_HEAD; /* noop for !CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
453 	return 0;
454 }
455 
456 static const struct iomap_ops blkdev_iomap_ops = {
457 	.iomap_begin		= blkdev_iomap_begin,
458 };
459 
460 #ifdef CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD
461 static int blkdev_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t iblock,
462 		struct buffer_head *bh, int create)
463 {
464 	bh->b_bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
465 	bh->b_blocknr = iblock;
466 	set_buffer_mapped(bh);
467 	return 0;
468 }
469 
470 /*
471  * We cannot call mpage_writepages() as it does not take the buffer lock.
472  * We must use block_write_full_folio() directly which holds the buffer
473  * lock.  The buffer lock provides the synchronisation with writeback
474  * that filesystems rely on when they use the blockdev's mapping.
475  */
476 static int blkdev_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
477 		struct writeback_control *wbc)
478 {
479 	struct folio *folio = NULL;
480 	struct blk_plug plug;
481 	int err;
482 
483 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
484 	while ((folio = writeback_iter(mapping, wbc, folio, &err)))
485 		err = block_write_full_folio(folio, wbc, blkdev_get_block);
486 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
487 
488 	return err;
489 }
490 
491 static int blkdev_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
492 {
493 	return block_read_full_folio(folio, blkdev_get_block);
494 }
495 
496 static void blkdev_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
497 {
498 	mpage_readahead(rac, blkdev_get_block);
499 }
500 
501 const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = {
502 	.dirty_folio	= block_dirty_folio,
503 	.invalidate_folio = block_invalidate_folio,
504 	.read_folio	= blkdev_read_folio,
505 	.readahead	= blkdev_readahead,
506 	.writepages	= blkdev_writepages,
507 	.migrate_folio	= buffer_migrate_folio_norefs,
508 	.is_dirty_writeback = buffer_check_dirty_writeback,
509 };
510 #else /* CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
511 static int blkdev_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
512 {
513 	iomap_bio_read_folio(folio, &blkdev_iomap_ops);
514 	return 0;
515 }
516 
517 static void blkdev_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
518 {
519 	iomap_bio_readahead(rac, &blkdev_iomap_ops);
520 }
521 
522 static ssize_t blkdev_writeback_range(struct iomap_writepage_ctx *wpc,
523 		struct folio *folio, u64 offset, unsigned int len, u64 end_pos)
524 {
525 	loff_t isize = i_size_read(wpc->inode);
526 
527 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(offset >= isize))
528 		return -EIO;
529 
530 	if (offset < wpc->iomap.offset ||
531 	    offset >= wpc->iomap.offset + wpc->iomap.length) {
532 		int error;
533 
534 		error = blkdev_iomap_begin(wpc->inode, offset, isize - offset,
535 				IOMAP_WRITE, &wpc->iomap, NULL);
536 		if (error)
537 			return error;
538 	}
539 
540 	return iomap_add_to_ioend(wpc, folio, offset, end_pos, len);
541 }
542 
543 static const struct iomap_writeback_ops blkdev_writeback_ops = {
544 	.writeback_range	= blkdev_writeback_range,
545 	.writeback_submit	= iomap_ioend_writeback_submit,
546 };
547 
548 static int blkdev_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
549 		struct writeback_control *wbc)
550 {
551 	struct iomap_writepage_ctx wpc = {
552 		.inode		= mapping->host,
553 		.wbc		= wbc,
554 		.ops		= &blkdev_writeback_ops
555 	};
556 
557 	return iomap_writepages(&wpc);
558 }
559 
560 const struct address_space_operations def_blk_aops = {
561 	.dirty_folio	= filemap_dirty_folio,
562 	.release_folio		= iomap_release_folio,
563 	.invalidate_folio	= iomap_invalidate_folio,
564 	.read_folio		= blkdev_read_folio,
565 	.readahead		= blkdev_readahead,
566 	.writepages		= blkdev_writepages,
567 	.is_partially_uptodate  = iomap_is_partially_uptodate,
568 	.error_remove_folio	= generic_error_remove_folio,
569 	.migrate_folio		= filemap_migrate_folio,
570 };
571 #endif /* CONFIG_BUFFER_HEAD */
572 
573 /*
574  * for a block special file file_inode(file)->i_size is zero
575  * so we compute the size by hand (just as in block_read/write above)
576  */
577 static loff_t blkdev_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int whence)
578 {
579 	struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file);
580 	loff_t retval;
581 
582 	inode_lock(bd_inode);
583 	retval = fixed_size_llseek(file, offset, whence, i_size_read(bd_inode));
584 	inode_unlock(bd_inode);
585 	return retval;
586 }
587 
588 static int blkdev_fsync(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end,
589 		int datasync)
590 {
591 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(filp->f_mapping->host);
592 	int error;
593 
594 	error = file_write_and_wait_range(filp, start, end);
595 	if (error)
596 		return error;
597 
598 	/*
599 	 * There is no need to serialise calls to blkdev_issue_flush with
600 	 * i_mutex and doing so causes performance issues with concurrent
601 	 * O_SYNC writers to a block device.
602 	 */
603 	error = blkdev_issue_flush(bdev);
604 	if (error == -EOPNOTSUPP)
605 		error = 0;
606 
607 	return error;
608 }
609 
610 /**
611  * file_to_blk_mode - get block open flags from file flags
612  * @file: file whose open flags should be converted
613  *
614  * Look at file open flags and generate corresponding block open flags from
615  * them. The function works both for file just being open (e.g. during ->open
616  * callback) and for file that is already open. This is actually non-trivial
617  * (see comment in the function).
618  */
619 blk_mode_t file_to_blk_mode(struct file *file)
620 {
621 	blk_mode_t mode = 0;
622 
623 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)
624 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_READ;
625 	if (file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)
626 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_WRITE;
627 	/*
628 	 * do_dentry_open() clears O_EXCL from f_flags, use file->private_data
629 	 * to determine whether the open was exclusive for already open files.
630 	 */
631 	if (file->private_data)
632 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_EXCL;
633 	else if (file->f_flags & O_EXCL)
634 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_EXCL;
635 	if (file->f_flags & O_NDELAY)
636 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_NDELAY;
637 
638 	/*
639 	 * If all bits in O_ACCMODE set (aka O_RDWR | O_WRONLY), the floppy
640 	 * driver has historically allowed ioctls as if the file was opened for
641 	 * writing, but does not allow and actual reads or writes.
642 	 */
643 	if ((file->f_flags & O_ACCMODE) == (O_RDWR | O_WRONLY))
644 		mode |= BLK_OPEN_WRITE_IOCTL;
645 
646 	return mode;
647 }
648 
649 static int blkdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
650 {
651 	struct block_device *bdev;
652 	blk_mode_t mode;
653 	int ret;
654 
655 	mode = file_to_blk_mode(filp);
656 	/* Use the file as the holder. */
657 	if (mode & BLK_OPEN_EXCL)
658 		filp->private_data = filp;
659 	ret = bdev_permission(inode->i_rdev, mode, filp->private_data);
660 	if (ret)
661 		return ret;
662 
663 	bdev = blkdev_get_no_open(inode->i_rdev, true);
664 	if (!bdev)
665 		return -ENXIO;
666 
667 	if (bdev_can_atomic_write(bdev))
668 		filp->f_mode |= FMODE_CAN_ATOMIC_WRITE;
669 	if (blk_get_integrity(bdev->bd_disk))
670 		filp->f_mode |= FMODE_HAS_METADATA;
671 
672 	ret = bdev_open(bdev, mode, filp->private_data, NULL, filp);
673 	if (ret)
674 		blkdev_put_no_open(bdev);
675 	return ret;
676 }
677 
678 static int blkdev_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
679 {
680 	bdev_release(filp);
681 	return 0;
682 }
683 
684 static ssize_t
685 blkdev_direct_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
686 {
687 	size_t count = iov_iter_count(from);
688 	ssize_t written;
689 
690 	written = kiocb_invalidate_pages(iocb, count);
691 	if (written) {
692 		if (written == -EBUSY)
693 			return 0;
694 		return written;
695 	}
696 
697 	written = blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, from);
698 	if (written > 0) {
699 		kiocb_invalidate_post_direct_write(iocb, count);
700 		iocb->ki_pos += written;
701 		count -= written;
702 	}
703 	if (written != -EIOCBQUEUED)
704 		iov_iter_revert(from, count - iov_iter_count(from));
705 	return written;
706 }
707 
708 static ssize_t blkdev_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
709 {
710 	return iomap_file_buffered_write(iocb, from, &blkdev_iomap_ops, NULL,
711 			NULL);
712 }
713 
714 /*
715  * Write data to the block device.  Only intended for the block device itself
716  * and the raw driver which basically is a fake block device.
717  *
718  * Does not take i_mutex for the write and thus is not for general purpose
719  * use.
720  */
721 static ssize_t blkdev_write_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *from)
722 {
723 	struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
724 	struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(file);
725 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(bd_inode);
726 	bool atomic = iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_ATOMIC;
727 	loff_t size = bdev_nr_bytes(bdev);
728 	size_t shorted = 0;
729 	ssize_t ret;
730 
731 	if (bdev_read_only(bdev))
732 		return -EPERM;
733 
734 	if (IS_SWAPFILE(bd_inode) && !is_hibernate_resume_dev(bd_inode->i_rdev))
735 		return -ETXTBSY;
736 
737 	if (!iov_iter_count(from))
738 		return 0;
739 
740 	if (iocb->ki_pos >= size)
741 		return -ENOSPC;
742 
743 	if ((iocb->ki_flags & (IOCB_NOWAIT | IOCB_DIRECT)) == IOCB_NOWAIT)
744 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
745 
746 	if (atomic) {
747 		ret = generic_atomic_write_valid(iocb, from);
748 		if (ret)
749 			return ret;
750 	}
751 
752 	size -= iocb->ki_pos;
753 	if (iov_iter_count(from) > size) {
754 		if (atomic)
755 			return -EINVAL;
756 		shorted = iov_iter_count(from) - size;
757 		iov_iter_truncate(from, size);
758 	}
759 
760 	ret = file_update_time(file);
761 	if (ret)
762 		return ret;
763 
764 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
765 		ret = blkdev_direct_write(iocb, from);
766 		if (ret >= 0 && iov_iter_count(from))
767 			ret = direct_write_fallback(iocb, from, ret,
768 					blkdev_buffered_write(iocb, from));
769 	} else {
770 		/*
771 		 * Take i_rwsem and invalidate_lock to avoid racing with
772 		 * set_blocksize changing i_blkbits/folio order and punching
773 		 * out the pagecache.
774 		 */
775 		inode_lock_shared(bd_inode);
776 		ret = blkdev_buffered_write(iocb, from);
777 		inode_unlock_shared(bd_inode);
778 	}
779 
780 	if (ret > 0)
781 		ret = generic_write_sync(iocb, ret);
782 	iov_iter_reexpand(from, iov_iter_count(from) + shorted);
783 	return ret;
784 }
785 
786 static ssize_t blkdev_read_iter(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *to)
787 {
788 	struct inode *bd_inode = bdev_file_inode(iocb->ki_filp);
789 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(iocb->ki_filp->f_mapping->host);
790 	loff_t size = bdev_nr_bytes(bdev);
791 	loff_t pos = iocb->ki_pos;
792 	size_t shorted = 0;
793 	ssize_t ret = 0;
794 	size_t count;
795 
796 	if (unlikely(pos + iov_iter_count(to) > size)) {
797 		if (pos >= size)
798 			return 0;
799 		size -= pos;
800 		shorted = iov_iter_count(to) - size;
801 		iov_iter_truncate(to, size);
802 	}
803 
804 	count = iov_iter_count(to);
805 	if (!count)
806 		goto reexpand; /* skip atime */
807 
808 	if (iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_DIRECT) {
809 		ret = kiocb_write_and_wait(iocb, count);
810 		if (ret < 0)
811 			goto reexpand;
812 		file_accessed(iocb->ki_filp);
813 
814 		ret = blkdev_direct_IO(iocb, to);
815 		if (ret > 0) {
816 			iocb->ki_pos += ret;
817 			count -= ret;
818 		}
819 		if (ret != -EIOCBQUEUED)
820 			iov_iter_revert(to, count - iov_iter_count(to));
821 		if (ret < 0 || !count)
822 			goto reexpand;
823 	}
824 
825 	/*
826 	 * Take i_rwsem and invalidate_lock to avoid racing with set_blocksize
827 	 * changing i_blkbits/folio order and punching out the pagecache.
828 	 */
829 	inode_lock_shared(bd_inode);
830 	ret = filemap_read(iocb, to, ret);
831 	inode_unlock_shared(bd_inode);
832 
833 reexpand:
834 	if (unlikely(shorted))
835 		iov_iter_reexpand(to, iov_iter_count(to) + shorted);
836 	return ret;
837 }
838 
839 #define	BLKDEV_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED					\
840 		(FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE | FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE |		\
841 		 FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_WRITE_ZEROES)
842 
843 static long blkdev_fallocate(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t start,
844 			     loff_t len)
845 {
846 	struct inode *inode = bdev_file_inode(file);
847 	struct block_device *bdev = I_BDEV(inode);
848 	loff_t end = start + len - 1;
849 	loff_t isize;
850 	unsigned int flags;
851 	int error;
852 
853 	/* Fail if we don't recognize the flags. */
854 	if (mode & ~BLKDEV_FALLOC_FL_SUPPORTED)
855 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
856 	/*
857 	 * Don't allow writing zeroes if the device does not enable the
858 	 * unmap write zeroes operation.
859 	 */
860 	if ((mode & FALLOC_FL_WRITE_ZEROES) &&
861 	    !bdev_write_zeroes_unmap_sectors(bdev))
862 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
863 
864 	/* Don't go off the end of the device. */
865 	isize = bdev_nr_bytes(bdev);
866 	if (start >= isize)
867 		return -EINVAL;
868 	if (end >= isize) {
869 		if (mode & FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE) {
870 			len = isize - start;
871 			end = start + len - 1;
872 		} else
873 			return -EINVAL;
874 	}
875 
876 	/*
877 	 * Don't allow IO that isn't aligned to logical block size.
878 	 */
879 	if ((start | len) & (bdev_logical_block_size(bdev) - 1))
880 		return -EINVAL;
881 
882 	inode_lock(inode);
883 	filemap_invalidate_lock(inode->i_mapping);
884 
885 	switch (mode) {
886 	case FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE:
887 	case FALLOC_FL_ZERO_RANGE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE:
888 		flags = BLKDEV_ZERO_NOUNMAP;
889 		break;
890 	case FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE:
891 		flags = BLKDEV_ZERO_NOFALLBACK;
892 		break;
893 	case FALLOC_FL_WRITE_ZEROES:
894 		flags = 0;
895 		break;
896 	default:
897 		error = -EOPNOTSUPP;
898 		goto fail;
899 	}
900 
901 	/*
902 	 * Invalidate the page cache, including dirty pages, for valid
903 	 * de-allocate mode calls to fallocate().
904 	 */
905 	error = truncate_bdev_range(bdev, file_to_blk_mode(file), start, end);
906 	if (error)
907 		goto fail;
908 
909 	error = blkdev_issue_zeroout(bdev, start >> SECTOR_SHIFT,
910 				     len >> SECTOR_SHIFT, GFP_KERNEL, flags);
911  fail:
912 	filemap_invalidate_unlock(inode->i_mapping);
913 	inode_unlock(inode);
914 	return error;
915 }
916 
917 static int blkdev_mmap_prepare(struct vm_area_desc *desc)
918 {
919 	struct file *file = desc->file;
920 
921 	if (bdev_read_only(I_BDEV(bdev_file_inode(file))))
922 		return generic_file_readonly_mmap_prepare(desc);
923 
924 	return generic_file_mmap_prepare(desc);
925 }
926 
927 const struct file_operations def_blk_fops = {
928 	.open		= blkdev_open,
929 	.release	= blkdev_release,
930 	.llseek		= blkdev_llseek,
931 	.read_iter	= blkdev_read_iter,
932 	.write_iter	= blkdev_write_iter,
933 	.iopoll		= iocb_bio_iopoll,
934 	.mmap_prepare	= blkdev_mmap_prepare,
935 	.fsync		= blkdev_fsync,
936 	.unlocked_ioctl	= blkdev_ioctl,
937 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
938 	.compat_ioctl	= compat_blkdev_ioctl,
939 #endif
940 	.splice_read	= filemap_splice_read,
941 	.splice_write	= iter_file_splice_write,
942 	.fallocate	= blkdev_fallocate,
943 	.uring_cmd	= blkdev_uring_cmd,
944 	.fop_flags	= FOP_BUFFER_RASYNC,
945 };
946 
947 static __init int blkdev_init(void)
948 {
949 	return bioset_init(&blkdev_dio_pool, 4,
950 				offsetof(struct blkdev_dio, bio),
951 				BIOSET_NEED_BVECS|BIOSET_PERCPU_CACHE);
952 }
953 module_init(blkdev_init);
954