xref: /linux/include/linux/init.h (revision a26321ee4c935a63c29ed6518f27e38826b36e68)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_INIT_H
3 #define _LINUX_INIT_H
4 
5 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
6 #include <linux/compiler.h>
7 #include <linux/stringify.h>
8 #include <linux/types.h>
9 
10 /* Built-in __init functions needn't be compiled with retpoline */
11 #if defined(__noretpoline) && !defined(MODULE)
12 #define __noinitretpoline __noretpoline
13 #else
14 #define __noinitretpoline
15 #endif
16 
17 /* These macros are used to mark some functions or
18  * initialized data (doesn't apply to uninitialized data)
19  * as `initialization' functions. The kernel can take this
20  * as hint that the function is used only during the initialization
21  * phase and free up used memory resources after
22  *
23  * Usage:
24  * For functions:
25  *
26  * You should add __init immediately before the function name, like:
27  *
28  * static void __init initme(int x, int y)
29  * {
30  *    extern int z; z = x * y;
31  * }
32  *
33  * If the function has a prototype somewhere, you can also add
34  * __init between closing brace of the prototype and semicolon:
35  *
36  * extern int initialize_foobar_device(int, int, int) __init;
37  *
38  * For initialized data:
39  * You should insert __initdata or __initconst between the variable name
40  * and equal sign followed by value, e.g.:
41  *
42  * static int init_variable __initdata = 0;
43  * static const char linux_logo[] __initconst = { 0x32, 0x36, ... };
44  *
45  * Don't forget to initialize data not at file scope, i.e. within a function,
46  * as gcc otherwise puts the data into the bss section and not into the init
47  * section.
48  */
49 
50 /* These are for everybody (although not all archs will actually
51    discard it in modules) */
52 #define __init		__section(".init.text") __cold __latent_entropy	\
53 						__noinitretpoline	\
54 						__no_kstack_erase
55 #define __initdata	__section(".init.data")
56 #define __initconst	__section(".init.rodata")
57 #define __exitdata	__section(".exit.data")
58 #define __exit_call	__used __section(".exitcall.exit")
59 
60 /*
61  * modpost check for section mismatches during the kernel build.
62  * A section mismatch happens when there are references from a
63  * code or data section to an init section (both code or data).
64  * The init sections are (for most archs) discarded by the kernel
65  * when early init has completed so all such references are potential bugs.
66  * For exit sections the same issue exists.
67  *
68  * The following markers are used for the cases where the reference to
69  * the *init / *exit section (code or data) is valid and will teach
70  * modpost not to issue a warning.  Intended semantics is that a code or
71  * data tagged __ref* can reference code or data from init section without
72  * producing a warning (of course, no warning does not mean code is
73  * correct, so optimally document why the __ref is needed and why it's OK).
74  *
75  * The markers follow same syntax rules as __init / __initdata.
76  */
77 #define __ref            __section(".ref.text") noinline
78 #define __refdata        __section(".ref.data")
79 #define __refconst       __section(".ref.rodata")
80 
81 #ifdef MODULE
82 #define __exitused
83 #else
84 #define __exitused  __used
85 #endif
86 
87 #define __exit          __section(".exit.text") __exitused __cold notrace
88 
89 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
90 #define __meminit
91 #define __meminitdata
92 #define __meminitconst
93 #else
94 #define __meminit	__init
95 #define __meminitdata	__initdata
96 #define __meminitconst	__initconst
97 #endif
98 
99 /* For assembly routines */
100 #define __HEAD		.section	".head.text","ax"
101 #define __INIT		.section	".init.text","ax"
102 #define __FINIT		.previous
103 
104 #define __INITDATA	.section	".init.data","aw",%progbits
105 #define __INITRODATA	.section	".init.rodata","a",%progbits
106 #define __FINITDATA	.previous
107 
108 /* silence warnings when references are OK */
109 #define __REF            .section       ".ref.text", "ax"
110 #define __REFDATA        .section       ".ref.data", "aw"
111 #define __REFCONST       .section       ".ref.rodata", "a"
112 
113 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
114 /*
115  * Used for initialization calls..
116  */
117 typedef int (*initcall_t)(void);
118 typedef void (*exitcall_t)(void);
119 
120 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
121 typedef int initcall_entry_t;
122 
initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t * entry)123 static inline initcall_t initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t *entry)
124 {
125 	return offset_to_ptr(entry);
126 }
127 #else
128 typedef initcall_t initcall_entry_t;
129 
initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t * entry)130 static inline initcall_t initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t *entry)
131 {
132 	return *entry;
133 }
134 #endif
135 
136 extern initcall_entry_t __con_initcall_start[], __con_initcall_end[];
137 
138 /* Used for constructor calls. */
139 typedef void (*ctor_fn_t)(void);
140 
141 struct file_system_type;
142 
143 /* Defined in init/main.c */
144 extern int do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn);
145 extern char __initdata boot_command_line[];
146 extern char *saved_command_line;
147 extern unsigned int saved_command_line_len;
148 extern unsigned int reset_devices;
149 
150 /* used by init/main.c */
151 void setup_arch(char **);
152 void prepare_namespace(void);
153 void __init init_rootfs(void);
154 
155 void init_IRQ(void);
156 void time_init(void);
157 void poking_init(void);
158 void pgtable_cache_init(void);
159 
160 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_start[];
161 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall0_start[];
162 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall1_start[];
163 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall2_start[];
164 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall3_start[];
165 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall4_start[];
166 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall5_start[];
167 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall6_start[];
168 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall7_start[];
169 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_end[];
170 
171 extern struct file_system_type rootfs_fs_type;
172 
173 extern bool rodata_enabled;
174 void mark_rodata_ro(void);
175 
176 extern void (*late_time_init)(void);
177 
178 extern bool initcall_debug;
179 
180 #ifdef MODULE
181 extern struct module __this_module;
182 #define THIS_MODULE (&__this_module)
183 #else
184 #define THIS_MODULE ((struct module *)0)
185 #endif
186 
187 #endif
188 
189 #ifndef MODULE
190 
191 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
192 
193 /*
194  * initcalls are now grouped by functionality into separate
195  * subsections. Ordering inside the subsections is determined
196  * by link order.
197  * For backwards compatibility, initcall() puts the call in
198  * the device init subsection.
199  *
200  * The `id' arg to __define_initcall() is needed so that multiple initcalls
201  * can point at the same handler without causing duplicate-symbol build errors.
202  *
203  * Initcalls are run by placing pointers in initcall sections that the
204  * kernel iterates at runtime. The linker can do dead code / data elimination
205  * and remove that completely, so the initcall sections have to be marked
206  * as KEEP() in the linker script.
207  */
208 
209 /* Format: <modname>__<counter>_<line>_<fn> */
210 #define __initcall_id(fn)					\
211 	__PASTE(__KBUILD_MODNAME,				\
212 	__PASTE(__,						\
213 	__PASTE(__COUNTER__,					\
214 	__PASTE(_,						\
215 	__PASTE(__LINE__,					\
216 	__PASTE(_, fn))))))
217 
218 /* Format: __<prefix>__<iid><id> */
219 #define __initcall_name(prefix, __iid, id)			\
220 	__PASTE(__,						\
221 	__PASTE(prefix,						\
222 	__PASTE(__,						\
223 	__PASTE(__iid, id))))
224 
225 #ifdef CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
226 /*
227  * With LTO, the compiler doesn't necessarily obey link order for
228  * initcalls. In order to preserve the correct order, we add each
229  * variable into its own section and generate a linker script (in
230  * scripts/link-vmlinux.sh) to specify the order of the sections.
231  */
232 #define __initcall_section(__sec, __iid)			\
233 	#__sec ".init.." #__iid
234 
235 /*
236  * With LTO, the compiler can rename static functions to avoid
237  * global naming collisions. We use a global stub function for
238  * initcalls to create a stable symbol name whose address can be
239  * taken in inline assembly when PREL32 relocations are used.
240  */
241 #define __initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id)				\
242 	__initcall_name(initstub, __iid, id)
243 
244 #define __define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
245 	int __init __stub(void);				\
246 	int __init __stub(void)					\
247 	{ 							\
248 		return fn();					\
249 	}							\
250 	__ADDRESSABLE(__stub)
251 #else
252 #define __initcall_section(__sec, __iid)			\
253 	#__sec ".init"
254 
255 #define __initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id)	fn
256 
257 #define __define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
258 	__ADDRESSABLE(fn)
259 #endif
260 
261 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
262 #define ____define_initcall(fn, __stub, __name, __sec)		\
263 	__define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
264 	asm(".section	\"" __sec "\", \"a\"		\n"	\
265 	    __stringify(__name) ":			\n"	\
266 	    ".long	" __stringify(__stub) " - .	\n"	\
267 	    ".previous					\n");	\
268 	static_assert(__same_type(initcall_t, &fn));
269 #else
270 #define ____define_initcall(fn, __unused, __name, __sec)	\
271 	static initcall_t __name __used 			\
272 		__attribute__((__section__(__sec))) = fn;
273 #endif
274 
275 #define __unique_initcall(fn, id, __sec, __iid)			\
276 	____define_initcall(fn,					\
277 		__initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id),			\
278 		__initcall_name(initcall, __iid, id),		\
279 		__initcall_section(__sec, __iid))
280 
281 #define ___define_initcall(fn, id, __sec)			\
282 	__unique_initcall(fn, id, __sec, __initcall_id(fn))
283 
284 #define __define_initcall(fn, id) ___define_initcall(fn, id, .initcall##id)
285 
286 /*
287  * Early initcalls run before initializing SMP.
288  *
289  * Only for built-in code, not modules.
290  */
291 #define early_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, early)
292 
293 /*
294  * A "pure" initcall has no dependencies on anything else, and purely
295  * initializes variables that couldn't be statically initialized.
296  *
297  * This only exists for built-in code, not for modules.
298  * Keep main.c:initcall_level_names[] in sync.
299  */
300 #define pure_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 0)
301 
302 #define core_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 1)
303 #define core_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 1s)
304 #define postcore_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 2)
305 #define postcore_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 2s)
306 #define arch_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 3)
307 #define arch_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 3s)
308 #define subsys_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 4)
309 #define subsys_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 4s)
310 #define fs_initcall(fn)			__define_initcall(fn, 5)
311 #define fs_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 5s)
312 #define rootfs_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, rootfs)
313 #define device_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 6)
314 #define device_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 6s)
315 #define late_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 7)
316 #define late_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 7s)
317 
318 #define __initcall(fn) device_initcall(fn)
319 
320 #define __exitcall(fn)						\
321 	static exitcall_t __exitcall_##fn __exit_call = fn
322 
323 #define console_initcall(fn)	___define_initcall(fn, con, .con_initcall)
324 
325 struct obs_kernel_param {
326 	const char *str;
327 	int (*setup_func)(char *);
328 	int early;
329 };
330 
331 extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
332 
333 /*
334  * Only for really core code.  See moduleparam.h for the normal way.
335  *
336  * Force the alignment so the compiler doesn't space elements of the
337  * obs_kernel_param "array" too far apart in .init.setup.
338  */
339 #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn, early)			\
340 	static const char __setup_str_##unique_id[] __initconst		\
341 		__aligned(1) = str; 					\
342 	static struct obs_kernel_param __setup_##unique_id		\
343 		__used __section(".init.setup")				\
344 		__aligned(__alignof__(struct obs_kernel_param))		\
345 		= { __setup_str_##unique_id, fn, early }
346 
347 /*
348  * NOTE: __setup functions return values:
349  * @fn returns 1 (or non-zero) if the option argument is "handled"
350  * and returns 0 if the option argument is "not handled".
351  */
352 #define __setup(str, fn)						\
353 	__setup_param(str, fn, fn, 0)
354 
355 /*
356  * NOTE: @fn is as per module_param, not __setup!
357  * I.e., @fn returns 0 for no error or non-zero for error
358  * (possibly @fn returns a -errno value, but it does not matter).
359  * Emits warning if @fn returns non-zero.
360  */
361 #define early_param(str, fn)						\
362 	__setup_param(str, fn, fn, 1)
363 
364 #define early_param_on_off(str_on, str_off, var, config)		\
365 									\
366 	int var = IS_ENABLED(config);					\
367 									\
368 	static int __init parse_##var##_on(char *arg)			\
369 	{								\
370 		var = 1;						\
371 		return 0;						\
372 	}								\
373 	early_param(str_on, parse_##var##_on);				\
374 									\
375 	static int __init parse_##var##_off(char *arg)			\
376 	{								\
377 		var = 0;						\
378 		return 0;						\
379 	}								\
380 	early_param(str_off, parse_##var##_off)
381 
382 /* Relies on boot_command_line being set */
383 void __init parse_early_param(void);
384 void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline);
385 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
386 
387 #else /* MODULE */
388 
389 #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn)	/* nothing */
390 #define __setup(str, func) 			/* nothing */
391 #endif
392 
393 /* Data marked not to be saved by software suspend */
394 #define __nosavedata __section(".data..nosave")
395 
396 #ifdef MODULE
397 #define __exit_p(x) x
398 #else
399 #define __exit_p(x) NULL
400 #endif
401 
402 #endif /* _LINUX_INIT_H */
403