xref: /linux/include/linux/init.h (revision 9591fdb0611dccdeeeeacb99d89f0098737d209b)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_INIT_H
3 #define _LINUX_INIT_H
4 
5 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
6 #include <linux/compiler.h>
7 #include <linux/stringify.h>
8 #include <linux/types.h>
9 
10 /* These macros are used to mark some functions or
11  * initialized data (doesn't apply to uninitialized data)
12  * as `initialization' functions. The kernel can take this
13  * as hint that the function is used only during the initialization
14  * phase and free up used memory resources after
15  *
16  * Usage:
17  * For functions:
18  *
19  * You should add __init immediately before the function name, like:
20  *
21  * static void __init initme(int x, int y)
22  * {
23  *    extern int z; z = x * y;
24  * }
25  *
26  * If the function has a prototype somewhere, you can also add
27  * __init between closing brace of the prototype and semicolon:
28  *
29  * extern int initialize_foobar_device(int, int, int) __init;
30  *
31  * For initialized data:
32  * You should insert __initdata or __initconst between the variable name
33  * and equal sign followed by value, e.g.:
34  *
35  * static int init_variable __initdata = 0;
36  * static const char linux_logo[] __initconst = { 0x32, 0x36, ... };
37  *
38  * Don't forget to initialize data not at file scope, i.e. within a function,
39  * as gcc otherwise puts the data into the bss section and not into the init
40  * section.
41  */
42 
43 /* These are for everybody (although not all archs will actually
44    discard it in modules) */
45 #define __init		__section(".init.text") __cold __latent_entropy	\
46 						__no_kstack_erase
47 #define __initdata	__section(".init.data")
48 #define __initconst	__section(".init.rodata")
49 #define __exitdata	__section(".exit.data")
50 #define __exit_call	__used __section(".exitcall.exit")
51 
52 /*
53  * modpost check for section mismatches during the kernel build.
54  * A section mismatch happens when there are references from a
55  * code or data section to an init section (both code or data).
56  * The init sections are (for most archs) discarded by the kernel
57  * when early init has completed so all such references are potential bugs.
58  * For exit sections the same issue exists.
59  *
60  * The following markers are used for the cases where the reference to
61  * the *init / *exit section (code or data) is valid and will teach
62  * modpost not to issue a warning.  Intended semantics is that a code or
63  * data tagged __ref* can reference code or data from init section without
64  * producing a warning (of course, no warning does not mean code is
65  * correct, so optimally document why the __ref is needed and why it's OK).
66  *
67  * The markers follow same syntax rules as __init / __initdata.
68  */
69 #define __ref            __section(".ref.text") noinline
70 #define __refdata        __section(".ref.data")
71 #define __refconst       __section(".ref.rodata")
72 
73 #ifdef MODULE
74 #define __exitused
75 #else
76 #define __exitused  __used
77 #endif
78 
79 #define __exit          __section(".exit.text") __exitused __cold notrace
80 
81 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG
82 #define __meminit
83 #define __meminitdata
84 #define __meminitconst
85 #else
86 #define __meminit	__init
87 #define __meminitdata	__initdata
88 #define __meminitconst	__initconst
89 #endif
90 
91 /* For assembly routines */
92 #define __HEAD		.section	".head.text","ax"
93 #define __INIT		.section	".init.text","ax"
94 #define __FINIT		.previous
95 
96 #define __INITDATA	.section	".init.data","aw",%progbits
97 #define __INITRODATA	.section	".init.rodata","a",%progbits
98 #define __FINITDATA	.previous
99 
100 /* silence warnings when references are OK */
101 #define __REF            .section       ".ref.text", "ax"
102 #define __REFDATA        .section       ".ref.data", "aw"
103 #define __REFCONST       .section       ".ref.rodata", "a"
104 
105 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
106 /*
107  * Used for initialization calls..
108  */
109 typedef int (*initcall_t)(void);
110 typedef void (*exitcall_t)(void);
111 
112 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
113 typedef int initcall_entry_t;
114 
initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t * entry)115 static inline initcall_t initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t *entry)
116 {
117 	return offset_to_ptr(entry);
118 }
119 #else
120 typedef initcall_t initcall_entry_t;
121 
initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t * entry)122 static inline initcall_t initcall_from_entry(initcall_entry_t *entry)
123 {
124 	return *entry;
125 }
126 #endif
127 
128 extern initcall_entry_t __con_initcall_start[], __con_initcall_end[];
129 
130 /* Used for constructor calls. */
131 typedef void (*ctor_fn_t)(void);
132 
133 struct file_system_type;
134 
135 /* Defined in init/main.c */
136 extern int do_one_initcall(initcall_t fn);
137 extern char __initdata boot_command_line[];
138 extern char *saved_command_line;
139 extern unsigned int saved_command_line_len;
140 extern unsigned int reset_devices;
141 
142 /* used by init/main.c */
143 void setup_arch(char **);
144 void prepare_namespace(void);
145 void __init init_rootfs(void);
146 
147 void init_IRQ(void);
148 void time_init(void);
149 void poking_init(void);
150 void pgtable_cache_init(void);
151 
152 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_start[];
153 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall0_start[];
154 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall1_start[];
155 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall2_start[];
156 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall3_start[];
157 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall4_start[];
158 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall5_start[];
159 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall6_start[];
160 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall7_start[];
161 extern initcall_entry_t __initcall_end[];
162 
163 extern struct file_system_type rootfs_fs_type;
164 
165 extern bool rodata_enabled;
166 void mark_rodata_ro(void);
167 
168 extern void (*late_time_init)(void);
169 
170 extern bool initcall_debug;
171 
172 #ifdef MODULE
173 extern struct module __this_module;
174 #define THIS_MODULE (&__this_module)
175 #else
176 #define THIS_MODULE ((struct module *)0)
177 #endif
178 
179 #endif
180 
181 #ifndef MODULE
182 
183 #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
184 
185 /*
186  * initcalls are now grouped by functionality into separate
187  * subsections. Ordering inside the subsections is determined
188  * by link order.
189  * For backwards compatibility, initcall() puts the call in
190  * the device init subsection.
191  *
192  * The `id' arg to __define_initcall() is needed so that multiple initcalls
193  * can point at the same handler without causing duplicate-symbol build errors.
194  *
195  * Initcalls are run by placing pointers in initcall sections that the
196  * kernel iterates at runtime. The linker can do dead code / data elimination
197  * and remove that completely, so the initcall sections have to be marked
198  * as KEEP() in the linker script.
199  */
200 
201 /* Format: <modname>__<counter>_<line>_<fn> */
202 #define __initcall_id(fn)					\
203 	__PASTE(__KBUILD_MODNAME,				\
204 	__PASTE(__,						\
205 	__PASTE(__COUNTER__,					\
206 	__PASTE(_,						\
207 	__PASTE(__LINE__,					\
208 	__PASTE(_, fn))))))
209 
210 /* Format: __<prefix>__<iid><id> */
211 #define __initcall_name(prefix, __iid, id)			\
212 	__PASTE(__,						\
213 	__PASTE(prefix,						\
214 	__PASTE(__,						\
215 	__PASTE(__iid, id))))
216 
217 #ifdef CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
218 /*
219  * With LTO, the compiler doesn't necessarily obey link order for
220  * initcalls. In order to preserve the correct order, we add each
221  * variable into its own section and generate a linker script (in
222  * scripts/link-vmlinux.sh) to specify the order of the sections.
223  */
224 #define __initcall_section(__sec, __iid)			\
225 	#__sec ".init.." #__iid
226 
227 /*
228  * With LTO, the compiler can rename static functions to avoid
229  * global naming collisions. We use a global stub function for
230  * initcalls to create a stable symbol name whose address can be
231  * taken in inline assembly when PREL32 relocations are used.
232  */
233 #define __initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id)				\
234 	__initcall_name(initstub, __iid, id)
235 
236 #define __define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
237 	int __init __stub(void);				\
238 	int __init __stub(void)					\
239 	{ 							\
240 		return fn();					\
241 	}							\
242 	__ADDRESSABLE(__stub)
243 #else
244 #define __initcall_section(__sec, __iid)			\
245 	#__sec ".init"
246 
247 #define __initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id)	fn
248 
249 #define __define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
250 	__ADDRESSABLE(fn)
251 #endif
252 
253 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_PREL32_RELOCATIONS
254 #define ____define_initcall(fn, __stub, __name, __sec)		\
255 	__define_initcall_stub(__stub, fn)			\
256 	asm(".section	\"" __sec "\", \"a\"		\n"	\
257 	    __stringify(__name) ":			\n"	\
258 	    ".long	" __stringify(__stub) " - .	\n"	\
259 	    ".previous					\n");	\
260 	static_assert(__same_type(initcall_t, &fn));
261 #else
262 #define ____define_initcall(fn, __unused, __name, __sec)	\
263 	static initcall_t __name __used 			\
264 		__attribute__((__section__(__sec))) = fn;
265 #endif
266 
267 #define __unique_initcall(fn, id, __sec, __iid)			\
268 	____define_initcall(fn,					\
269 		__initcall_stub(fn, __iid, id),			\
270 		__initcall_name(initcall, __iid, id),		\
271 		__initcall_section(__sec, __iid))
272 
273 #define ___define_initcall(fn, id, __sec)			\
274 	__unique_initcall(fn, id, __sec, __initcall_id(fn))
275 
276 #define __define_initcall(fn, id) ___define_initcall(fn, id, .initcall##id)
277 
278 /*
279  * Early initcalls run before initializing SMP.
280  *
281  * Only for built-in code, not modules.
282  */
283 #define early_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, early)
284 
285 /*
286  * A "pure" initcall has no dependencies on anything else, and purely
287  * initializes variables that couldn't be statically initialized.
288  *
289  * This only exists for built-in code, not for modules.
290  * Keep main.c:initcall_level_names[] in sync.
291  */
292 #define pure_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 0)
293 
294 #define core_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 1)
295 #define core_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 1s)
296 #define postcore_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 2)
297 #define postcore_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 2s)
298 #define arch_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 3)
299 #define arch_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 3s)
300 #define subsys_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 4)
301 #define subsys_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 4s)
302 #define fs_initcall(fn)			__define_initcall(fn, 5)
303 #define fs_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 5s)
304 #define rootfs_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, rootfs)
305 #define device_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 6)
306 #define device_initcall_sync(fn)	__define_initcall(fn, 6s)
307 #define late_initcall(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 7)
308 #define late_initcall_sync(fn)		__define_initcall(fn, 7s)
309 
310 #define __initcall(fn) device_initcall(fn)
311 
312 #define __exitcall(fn)						\
313 	static exitcall_t __exitcall_##fn __exit_call = fn
314 
315 #define console_initcall(fn)	___define_initcall(fn, con, .con_initcall)
316 
317 struct obs_kernel_param {
318 	const char *str;
319 	int (*setup_func)(char *);
320 	int early;
321 };
322 
323 extern const struct obs_kernel_param __setup_start[], __setup_end[];
324 
325 /*
326  * Only for really core code.  See moduleparam.h for the normal way.
327  *
328  * Force the alignment so the compiler doesn't space elements of the
329  * obs_kernel_param "array" too far apart in .init.setup.
330  */
331 #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn, early)			\
332 	static const char __setup_str_##unique_id[] __initconst		\
333 		__aligned(1) = str; 					\
334 	static struct obs_kernel_param __setup_##unique_id		\
335 		__used __section(".init.setup")				\
336 		__aligned(__alignof__(struct obs_kernel_param))		\
337 		= { __setup_str_##unique_id, fn, early }
338 
339 /*
340  * NOTE: __setup functions return values:
341  * @fn returns 1 (or non-zero) if the option argument is "handled"
342  * and returns 0 if the option argument is "not handled".
343  */
344 #define __setup(str, fn)						\
345 	__setup_param(str, fn, fn, 0)
346 
347 /*
348  * NOTE: @fn is as per module_param, not __setup!
349  * I.e., @fn returns 0 for no error or non-zero for error
350  * (possibly @fn returns a -errno value, but it does not matter).
351  * Emits warning if @fn returns non-zero.
352  */
353 #define early_param(str, fn)						\
354 	__setup_param(str, fn, fn, 1)
355 
356 #define early_param_on_off(str_on, str_off, var, config)		\
357 									\
358 	int var = IS_ENABLED(config);					\
359 									\
360 	static int __init parse_##var##_on(char *arg)			\
361 	{								\
362 		var = 1;						\
363 		return 0;						\
364 	}								\
365 	early_param(str_on, parse_##var##_on);				\
366 									\
367 	static int __init parse_##var##_off(char *arg)			\
368 	{								\
369 		var = 0;						\
370 		return 0;						\
371 	}								\
372 	early_param(str_off, parse_##var##_off)
373 
374 /* Relies on boot_command_line being set */
375 void __init parse_early_param(void);
376 void __init parse_early_options(char *cmdline);
377 #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
378 
379 #else /* MODULE */
380 
381 #define __setup_param(str, unique_id, fn)	/* nothing */
382 #define __setup(str, func) 			/* nothing */
383 #endif
384 
385 /* Data marked not to be saved by software suspend */
386 #define __nosavedata __section(".data..nosave")
387 
388 #ifdef MODULE
389 #define __exit_p(x) x
390 #else
391 #define __exit_p(x) NULL
392 #endif
393 
394 #endif /* _LINUX_INIT_H */
395